| 1. |
- Yurtkulu, Emine Zehra, et al.
(författare)
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Extended service use and new product possibilities in Swedish trucking
- 2014
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Ingår i: World Review of Intermodal Transportation Research (WRITR). - 1749-4729 .- 1749-4737. ; 5:1, s. 80-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to examine how extended services from vehicle manufacturers can enhance value and reduce risk for transportation companies. The research shows that some transportation companies found extended services useful in order to enhance value and to decrease risks, while some of the companies mentioned advantages of not using extended services. Increased customer service and increased up time are some of the value factors. Decreased number of delays and decreased likelihood of breakdowns are some of the risk factors mentioned by the case companies. This study contributes the knowledge by examining the transporters' experiences of using extended services. The study also identifies feedback loop to develop further physical products based on case study and user service package experiences - one key component in the further development is to use simultaneously financial and overall service packages.
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| 2. |
- Yurtkulu, Emine Zehra, et al.
(författare)
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Foundation of the integration of supply chain decisions in new product development
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 21th International Annual EurOMA Conference. - : International Annual EurOMA Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to identify and classify supply chain decisions, which havecritical roles in new product development. Supply chain management completes themissing part of the new product development puzzle and provides a holistic view onvarious operational aspects such as on-time product launch, capacity utilization,inventory management, and accurate order processing. Findings of this study arepresented in a conceptual framework. Identified supply chain decisions are classified ina generic new product development model based on the main logistics drivers such assupply, manufacturing planning and control and transportation, to increase theunderstanding about role of different logistics drivers in different phases of new productdevelopment.
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| 3. |
- Tutt, Alasdair, et al.
(författare)
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A heat-and-moisture-exchanging mask affects each sex differently during exercise in sub-zero conditions
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To identify how performance is affected during maximal exercise in sub-zero conditions with the use of a heat-and-moisture-exchanging mask between men and women.Methods: 23 healthy participants (eight female, 15 male; age 18-53 y) performed two simulated four-minute competition efforts including a graded warm-up at -15℃ in randomized order either with or without mask first. Breathing frequency, heart rate and velocity were measured constantly. Capillary blood samples were collected 2 min pre-and post-maximal test.Results: There was an overall negative effect of the mask on performance for both sexes (Women: -5 ± 21m; Men: -17 ± 30m, p = 0.033). Female participants accumulated more blood lactate than men during the effort with mask (9.3 ± 3.1 vs. 7.8 ± 1.4 mmol⋅L-1, p = 0.044 ). Men had an increased breathing frequency in the first 80-s of the time trial with the mask (p < 0.05). Women exhibited more even pacing, whilst men tended towards a negative pacing strategy, this observation was not affected by the mask. There was no change in heart rate between trials in either sex.Conclusions: Competition performance in both sexes is hindered by wearing a mask in sub-zero conditions. The mechanisms through which this hindrance occurs are different between sexes.Practical applications: Men and women should consider whether using a mask in short competition efforts is worthwhile for them at -15℃. Future research is required around longer competitions in sub-zero conditions.
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| 4. |
- Hamednia, Ahad, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Computationally Efficient Algorithm for Eco-Driving Over Long Look-Ahead Horizons
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems. - 1524-9050 .- 1558-0016. ; 23:7, s. 6556 -6570
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a computationally efficient algorithm for eco-driving along horizons of over 100km. The eco-driving problem is formulated as a bi-level program, where the bottom level is solved offline, pre-optimising gear as a function of longitudinal velocity (kinetic energy) and acceleration. The top level is solved online, optimising a nonlinear dynamic program with travel time, kinetic energy and acceleration as state variables. To further reduce computational effort, the travel time is adjoined to the objective by applying necessary Pontryagin's Maximum Principle conditions, and the nonlinear program is solved using real-time iteration sequential quadratic programming scheme in a model predictive control framework. Compared to average driver's driving cycle, the energy savings of using the proposed algorithm is up to 11.60%.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bagues, Manuel F., et al.
(författare)
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Women and power: Unpopular, unwilling, or held back? A comment
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Political Economy. - : University of Chicago Press. - 1537-534X .- 0022-3808. ; 128:5, s. 2010-2016
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Casas-Arce and Saiz (2015) study how gender quotas in candidate lists affect voting behavior using evidence fromthe introduction of quotas in the 2007 Spanish local elections in municipalities with more than 5,000 inhabitants. Using a difference-in-differences strategy, they show that parties that listed fewer female candidates in the previous election obtained more votes in the subsequent election in larger municipalities, a pattern that they attribute to the quota.We show robustness and placebo tests suggesting that the quota did not have an economically or statistically significant impact on voting behavior.
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| 7. |
- Bagula, Antoine B
(författare)
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Hybrid routing in next generation IP networks
- 2006
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Ingår i: Computer Communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 0140-3664 .- 1873-703X. ; 29:7, s. 879-892
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a hybrid approach for routing flows in IP networks to achieve an optimal network configuration maximising bandwidth usage (optimality), minimising re-routing upon failure (reliability) and reducing the signalling overheads resulting from a full IP tunnelling (scalability). We formulate the routing of flows in IP networks as a service differentiated model where the IP flows are classified into high bandwidth demanding (LBD) and low bandwidth demanding (LBD) flows at the ingress of the network and handled differently into the core using a hybrid IGP+MPLS approach where the LBD flows are routed over the existing IGP paths while the HBD flows are carried over MPLS bandwidth-guaranteed tunnels. This model can be deployed in heterogenous network environments where HBD flows carrying real-time traffic and LBD flows transporting best-effort traffic are handled differently over a common transport network implementing traffic prioritization in response to natural or man-made emergencies. We consider the routing of flows within an IP domain's boundaries and evaluate the efficiency of the new routing approach under uniform and bursty traffic profiles. We apply the routing approach to compute paths for the traffic offered to a 20- and 50-node test networks. Simulation reveals that the hybrid routing approach outperforms both IGP and MPLS routing under the network conditions and test network models considered.
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| 8. |
- Brutemark, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Carbon isotope signature variability among cultured microalgae: Influence of species, nutrients and growth
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-0981 .- 1879-1697. ; 372:1-2, s. 98-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study we have investigated whether the carbon isotopic signature differs between different groups and species of marine phytoplankton depending on growth phase, nutrient conditions and salinity. The 15 investigated algal species, representing the Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Cryptophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae and Haptophyceae classes were grown in batch monocultures and analysed for delta C-13 in both exponential and stationary phase. For all the cultured species, delta C-13 signatures ranged from -23.5 parts per thousand (Imantonia sp.) to - 12.3 parts per thousand (Nodulania spumigena) in the exponential phase and from - 18.8 parts per thousand (Amphidinium carterae) to - 8.0 parts per thousand (Anabaena lemmermannii) in the stationary phase. Three species (Dunaliella tertiolecta, Rhodomonas sp.. Heterocapsa triquetra) were also grown under nutrient sufficient and nitrogen or phosphorus deficient conditions. Nitrogen limitation resulted in a more negative delta C-13 signature, whereas no effect could be observed during phosphorus limitation compared to nutrient sufficient conditions. Growth of Prymnesium parvum in two different salinities resulted in a more negative delta C-13 signature in the 26 parts per thousand-media compared to growth in 7 parts per thousand-media. Our results show that the carbon isotopic signature of phytoplankton may be affected by salinity, differ among different phytoplankton species, between exponential and stationary phase, as well as between nutrient treatments. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 9. |
- Brutemark, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Role of mixotrophy and light for growth and survival of the toxic haptophyte Prymnesium parvum
- 2011
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Ingår i: Harmful Algae. - : Elsevier BV. - 1568-9883 .- 1878-1470. ; 10, s. 388-394
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mixotrophy in Prymnesium parvum was investigated using carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotopes. The experiment was performed in light and dark. In the dark treatment we expected that the mixotrophic P. parvum would rely solely on its prey and therefore reflect the prey isotopic signatures. In the light treatment P. parvum can perform photosynthesis as well as utilize its prey, thus we expect the isotopic signatures to be between the dark mixed cultures and the monocultures, depending on how much prey was utilized. In the light treatment, addition of the ciliate Myrionecta rubra resulted in higher P. parvum cell numbers compared to monocultures. During the experiment, cell numbers in the dark monocultures and the mixed dark cultures did not increase. P. parvum had 2.5-3 times higher cellular phosphorus and nitrogen content in the dark compared to the cultures in the light whereas no difference in carbon content between treatments could be observed. This suggests that P. parvum can utilize nitrogen and phosphorus but not carbon in the dark. It thus seems as if P. parvum relies on photosynthesis to meet the carbon and energy demand required for growth. The expected isotopic signatures “become what you eat…plus a few per mil” were not observed. In the dark treatment, the δ13C did not differ between monocultures and mixed cultures. In the light treatments P. parvum δ13C became less negative then the corresponding dark treatments indicating that P. parvum used CO2 rather than carbon from the added prey. No difference in δ15N between monocultures and mixed cultures could be observed during the experiment. We argue that light is necessary for P. parvum growth and that the ability to utilize nutrients originating from their prey may be important in bloom formation.
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