| 1. |
- Hallin, Anne-Li, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescents born extremely preterm: behavioral outcomes and quality of life
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 1467-9450 .- 0036-5564. ; 52, s. 251-256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hallin, A.-L., Stjernqvist, K. (2010). Adolescents born extremely preterm: behavioral outcomes and quality of life. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. Fifty-two extremely premature born and 54 full-term controls were assessed regarding behavioral outcomes, risk-taking and self-perceived quality of life. Behavioral outcomes were assessed with the Achenbach Youth Self Report; risk-taking was estimated regarding alcohol and nicotine use; self-perceived quality of life and future expectations were rated; and attention and hyperactivity problems were surveyed retrospectively with the Wender Utah Rating Scale. The prematurely born reported fewer problems than full-term born on the externalizing scale (delinquent behavior and aggressive behaviour); and they reported less alcohol consumption. No difference was observed between the two groups concerning nicotine use, views about quality of life and expectations for the future or in the retrospective assessment of attention and hyper-activity problems. Conclusively, the prematurely born adolescents described a quality of life and future expectations comparable to full-term born controls. They also reported fewer behavioral problems and less risk-taking behavior.
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| 2. |
- Hallin, Anne-Li
(författare)
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Adolescents Born Extremely Preterm : Cognitive, Behavioural and Relational Outcomes
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this thesis was to evaluate long-term outcomes in a regional cohort of adolescents born extremely preterm (before the 29th gestational week) and compare them to full-term born controls. Fifty-two prematurely and 54 full-term born individuals were recruited from a follow-up study at 10 years of age. The participant rate was 85 % from the prematurely born group and 89 % from the full-term born group. A multifaceted approach was used and cognition, somatic and mental health, academic achievement, behaviour, social support and attachment were investigated, predominantly with emphasis on the adolescents’ self-perceived experiences. The results showed that the prematurely born performed more poorly than the controls regarding cognitive function and flexibility; they had significantly poorer results when measuring school achievement and less often chose theoretical programmes in secondary upper school; they were shorter, weighed less and experienced more often hearing problems; they reported fewer social contacts and showed a higher frequency of insecure attachment organization. Furthermore the prematurely born showed less risk-taking behaviour and a lesser amount of delinquent and aggressive behaviour. However, no difference was obtained between the two groups regarding satisfaction with their social support; attention problems; future expectations; perceived quality of life; emotional well-being. Conclusively; cognitive problems seem to persist into late adolescence in the group of prematurely born. Furthermore, they seem to describe lesser risk-taking behaviour and appear to be at a greater risk of developing an insecure attachment organization as well as establishing fewer social contacts. Nevertheless, in several aspects such as mental health and self-perceived quality of life, the prematurely born seem to function as well as full-term peers.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Hallin, Anne-Li, et al.
(författare)
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Follow-up of adolescents born extremely preterm : cognitive function and health at 18 years of age
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 99:9, s. 1401-1406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To compare cognitive ability, school achievement and self-perceived health aspects in adolescents born extremely preterm and term born controls. Method: Fifty-two, out of 61, extremely preterm born adolescents (mean age 18.4 years) and 54 matched controls (mean age 18.3 years) born at full term were investigated; intelligence quotient was measured with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale; cognitive flexibility, i.e. a measure of visuomotor speed and attention, with the Trail Making Test; school achievement and choice of upper secondary programmes were reported. Health aspects were investigated in a semi structured interview. Result: The adolescents born prematurely had significantly lower IQ than the controls, mean 93 (SD 15.4) vs 106 (12.5), p < 0.001; showed slower visuomotor speed; had lower grades from compulsory school (192.7 vs 234.8, p < 0.001); and chose to a greater extent practical upper secondary school programmes. There were no differences between the groups in health care consumption, prevalence of chronic disease, allergy or infectious diseases. Conclusion: Poorer cognitive performance, in extremely preterm born individuals, seems to persist into late adolescence. Fewer prematurely born than control chose theoretical upper secondary school programmes. However, no difference was noted regarding self-perceived health aspects.
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| 5. |
- Hallin, Anne-Li, et al.
(författare)
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Follow-up of adolescents born extremely preterm: Self-perceived mental health, social, and relational outcomes.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 100:2, s. 279-283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate whether adolescents born extremely preterm differ from full-term born regarding mental health, social support and attachment style. Methods: Fifty-one young adults, born before the 29(th) gestational week and 54 born at term were investigated by self-reports. Psychological health was measured by the Beck Youth Inventories of Emotional and Social Impairment, social support with the Interview Schedule of Social Interaction and attachment style with the Relationship Questionnaire. Results: No difference was noted regarding mental health. The preterm group described themselves as having less social interaction (p = <.001), but no difference was obtained regarding satisfaction with this circumstance. The prematurely born judged a preoccupied attachment style, concordant with a model of a negative self and positive other, to be applicable more often than the controls (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Extremely preterm born adolescents did not experience more problems regarding mental health compared to controls. Nevertheless, they reported less social interaction and, to a greater extent, a negative model of self.
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| 6. |
- Hallin, Anne-Li, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of extremely preterm birth on attachment organization in late adolescence
- 2012
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Ingår i: Child Care Health and Development. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0305-1862 .- 1365-2214. ; 38:2, s. 196-203
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Prior studies have examined the impact of preterm birth on the quality of the attachment relationship to the mother in infancy, but few have examined extremely preterm born infants and almost no data have been reported on prematurity and its impact on the attachment organization attained after childhood. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods Thirty-nine adolescents born extremely preterm and 39 full-term born control participants were assessed with the Adult Attachment Interview. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults The prematurely born showed lower scores regarding measures of attachment security and, in particular, a higher proportion of insecure dismissive patterns. This difference seemed to be clear and persistent even when controlled for intelligence and socio-economic variables. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions Because insecure attachment as well as prematurity may be considered as significant risk factors for developing psychopathology, they deserve careful attention in future research and clinical follow-ups.
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| 7. |
- Pupp, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammation at Birth is associated with Subnormal Development in Very Preterm Infants.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - 1530-0447. ; 64, s. 183-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preterm birth carries a risk for impaired developmental outcome. We have previously described an association between increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines during the first 72 postnatal hours and cerebral damage as detected by ultrasound in a cohort of 74 very preterm infants. Sixty-seven of 71 surviving children with a mean (SD) GA of 27.1 (2.0) weeks were examined at 2 years corrected age with a standardized neurological examination and with Bayley Scales of Infant Development. We hypothesized that pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations at or shortly after birth would be associated with an adverse developmental outcome. Increased concentrations of TNF-alpha in cord blood OR (95% CI) 3.3 (1.1-10.2), p=0.013 and at 6 h 7.8 (0.9-71.8), p=0.015 and of IL-6 in cord blood 1.7 (1.0-2.9), p=0.048 were associated with psychomotor developmental index <85. Increased concentrations of TNF-alpha in cord blood OR (95% CI) 3.6 (1.002-12.8), p=0.044 and of IL-8 in cord blood 3.5 (1.2-10.6), p=0.023 were associated with cerebral palsy. Associations of TNF-alpha and IL-8 in cord blood with the respective outcome measures remained significant after adjustment for other clinical variables. Pro-inflammation at birth is associated with impaired functional outcome at 2 years of corrected age in children with very preterm birth.
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| 8. |
- Tallberg, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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A longitudinal investigation of cognitive functioning and its relationship to symptom severity and academic functioning in treatment seeking youth with AHDH
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 2245-8875. ; 9, s. 52-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Children with ADHD tend to present with poorer cognitive functioning leaving them more vulnerable to a range of negative outcomes. To date, only a handful of longitudinal studies have examined the stability of Wechsler composite scores in children and adolescents with ADHD, and none of them used a more recent version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children (WISC), than the WISC-III. Objective: The present study investigates the cognitive stability and its longitudinal relationship with the severity of the child's ADHD symptoms and school grades. Method: Cognitive functioning was measured with the fourth editions of the WISC-IV or the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales (WAIS-IV) at baseline and at a 3-4-year follow-up in children with ADHD (n = 125, mean age = 11.40 years, SD = 3.27) and a Control group of schoolchildren (n = 59, mean age = 11.97 years, SD = 2.15). The stability of cognitive functioning and the relationship between cognitive functioning, ADHD and grades were evaluated using linear mixed models and logistic regression. Results: Standardized composite scores of Full scale IQ, Verbal Comprehension, and Processing Speed declined between baseline and follow-up in the ADHD group. ADHD symptom scores were associated with Working Memory scores. Together, the severity of concurrent ADHD symptoms and lower scores for verbal comprehension at baseline and follow-up were associated with an increased risk of not achieving grades at follow-up in youth with ADHD. Conclusions: Youth with ADHD often present with cognitive impairments, not improved over time. Together these increase the risk of poorer academic outcomes. Concurrent evaluation of symptom severity and cognitive functions can add potentially useful information in terms of treatment planning, and school supports to prevent school failure.
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| 9. |
- Tallberg, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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A longitudinal investigation of parental ratings and performance metrics for executive functioning and symptom severity in clinically referred youth with ADHD.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Applied neuropsychology. Child. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2162-2965 .- 2162-2973. ; 12:4, s. 259-271
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There remains a knowledge gap concerning the persistence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) over the longer term. The current study aimed to investigate the change in parent-rated, and performance-based metrics of executive functioning (EF) and the relationship between these EF metrics and ADHD symptoms in individuals with ADHD from childhood/adolescence to young adulthood. This was done by examining possible improvements in parent-rated EF and performance-based measures of inattention and inhibition over a three-year interval and their relationship to ADHD outcomes in 137 clinically referred youth with ADHD (mean age = 12.4years, SD = 3.1). Participants' parents completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) and the Swanson-Nolan-Pelham Scale at baseline and follow-up. Participants completed the Conners' Continuous Performance Test, Version II (CPT II) at baseline and follow-up. Statistical analyses were performed with Linear Mixed Models. The sex- and age-standardized measures Commission and Hit reaction time (RT) subscales of the CPT II and parent-rated metacognitive, and behavior regulation composites of the BRIEF were largely stable between measuring points. CPT Omissions, Hit RT standard error (reaction time variability), and parent-rated ADHD symptom scores improved slightly. BRIEF composites and reaction time variability were related to ADHD symptoms using longitudinal data. Overall, behavioral aspects of EF, as observed by parents in the home context, appear to play a significant role in the trajectory of childhood ADHD.
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| 10. |
- Tallberg, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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The three-year outcome of emotional symptoms in clinically referred youth with ADHD and their relationship to neuropsychological functions
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 2245-8875. ; 10:1, s. 72-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Further knowledge is needed regarding long-term outcome of emotional symptoms, and the interplay between these symptoms and neuropsychological functioning in youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Objective: We aimed to explore the effect of performance-based neurocognitive functions and parent-rated behavioral executive functioning (EF) on self-rated and parent-rated internalizing symptoms longitudinally in clinically referred youth with ADHD (n = 137; mean age = 12.4 years). We also aimed to examine the change in self-rated emotional symptoms in the ADHD group and a Control group (n = 59; mean age = 11.9 years). Method: At baseline, and three years later, parents completed rating scales of their child's ADHD symptoms (Swanson Nolan Pelham Scale, Version IV - SNAP-IV), emotional symptoms (Five To Fifteen Questionnaire, Strengths, and Difficulties Questionnaire), and EF (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function). At the same time, the child completed self-report measures of Anxiety, Depression, and Anger Inventories (the Beck Youth Inventories) and neurocognitive measures (Conner's Continuous Performance Test, Version II (CPT-II), Working Memory and Processing Speed composites (Wechsler Intelligence Scales). Statistical analyses were linear and logistic mixed models. Results: Using longitudinal data, parent- and self-ratings of emotional symptoms were associated with parent-ratings of EF behavior in youth with ADHD. Plan/organizing deficits were associated with Anxiety and Anger over and above other metacognitive subscales, while Emotional Control was related to Anger over and above other behavior regulation subscales. In the ADHD group, Anger symptoms improved across measuring points. When controlling for age, Anxiety, and Depression symptoms were largely stable in both groups, however at higher levels in the ADHD group. The differences in anxiety and depression symptoms across groups decreased over time. Conclusions: The current study emphasizes the importance of identification, monitoring, and treatment of emotional symptoms, and behavioral aspects of EF in youth with ADHD.
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