| 1. |
- Fredricsson, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Nationell luftövervakning Sakrapport med data från övervakning inom Programområde Luft t.o.m 2019
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Naturvårdsverket ansvarar för den nationella luftövervakningen i bakgrundsmiljö i Sverige. I rapporten redovisas resultat från verksamheten inom Programområde Luft avseende mätningar (genomförda av IVL, SU, SLU och SMHI) till och med 2019 och regionala modellberäkningar (utförda av SMHI) till och med 2018.För flertalet av de luftföroreningskomponenter som övervakas inom den nationella miljöövervakningen har det, sedan mätningarna startade för mellan 20 och 40 år sedan, generellt sett skett en avsevärd förbättring avseende såväl halter i luft som deposition i bakgrundsmiljö. Utvecklingen har dock varierat i något olika utsträckning beroende på komponenter och lokalisering i landet. Föroreningsbelastningen är oftast lägre ju längre norrut i landet man kommer.För de flesta ämnen som det finns miljökvalitetsnormer (MKN) respektive miljömål för ligger halterna i regional bakgrund avsevärt lägre än angivna gräns- och målvärden. Halterna av ozon överskrider dock i dagsläget (2019) MKN för hälsa.
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| 2. |
- Hansson, Therése, et al.
(författare)
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Women´s experiences of preeclampsia as a condition of uncertainty : a qualitative study
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2393. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is a severe condition that annually affects about 3-8% of pregnancies worldwide. Preeclampsia is thereby one of the most common pregnancy complications for both mother and child. Despite that, there is limited research exploring the women´s perspective of experiencing preeclampsia.AIM: The aim of this study was to describe women´s experiences of preeclampsia to improve the support and care given during and after pregnancy.METHODS: A qualitative descriptive interview study was undertaken. Nine women, diagnosed with preeclampsia, were recruited from a maternity unit in southern Sweden. The descriptive phenomenological method according to Amadeo Giorgi was used to analyse the data.RESULTS: The women´s experiences of PE were expressed as A condition of uncertainty, meaning that it was an unexpected and unknown situation. This main result consisted of 1) incomprehensible diagnosis message, 2) ambivalent feeling when the unexpected happens, 3) confusing contradictory messages, 4) appreciated support from the midwife, 5) need for continuous information. The nature of preeclampsia can sometimes deteriorate rapidly both for the mother and/or the child, often resulting in conversion from a planned vaginal spontaneous delivery to an emergency Caesarean section. The women narrated diffuse symptoms, and they experienced that they got contradictory information from different health care professionals regarding the severity of their disease. Detailed and continuous information is requested throughout the course of the disease, and the postpartum period.CONCLUSION: This qualitative study reveal a need for improved clinical management. Health care professionals must be aware that women and their partners need detailed, consistent and repeated information about severity and prognosis to diminish the condition of uncertainty, confusion and fearful experience. The clinical implication would be a standardized preeclampsia education for pregnant women early on in the pregnancy, to raise awareness of preeclamptic symptoms. Furthermore, there is a need for harmonized guidelines and individualized support to the woman and her partner both at the antenatal care and the maternity ward and inpatient care at the hospital.
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| 3. |
- Klemetz, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
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Nationell luftövervakning : Sakrapport med data från övervakning inom Programområde Luft t. o. m. 2021
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Naturvårdsverket ansvarar för den nationella luftövervakningen i bakgrundsmiljö. I rapporten redovisas resultat från verksamheten inom Programområde Luft avseende mätningar (genomförda av IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet (IVL),Institutionen för Miljövetenskap vid Stockholms universitet (SU), Institutionen för Mark och Miljö vid Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), Chalmers tekniska högskola och Sveriges meteorologiska och hydrologiska institut (SMHI) till och med 2021 samt regionala modellberäkningar (utförda av SMHI) till och med 2020. För flertalet av de luftföroreningskomponenter som övervakas inom den nationella miljöövervakningen har det, sedan mätningarna startade för mellan 20 och 45 år sedan, generellt skett en avsevärd förbättring avseende såväl halter i luft som deposition i bakgrundsmiljö.Utvecklingen har dock varierat i något olika utsträckning beroende på komponenter och lokalisering i landet. Föroreningsbelastningen är oftast lägre ju längre norrut i landet man kommer.För de flesta ämnen som det finns miljökvalitetsnormer (MKN) respektive miljömål för ligger halterna avsevärt lägre än angivna gräns- och målvärden. Halterna av marknära ozon överskrider i dagsläget MKN för hälsa vid ett flertal mätstationer i södra Sverige.För såväl partiklar (i form av PM2,5) och bensen (i urban bakgrund) är risken låg att haltnivåer överstiger miljömålens preciseringar.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Therese M. -L., et al.
(författare)
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Estimating the cure proportion of malignant melanoma, an alternative approach to assess long term survival : A population-based study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-7821 .- 1877-783X. ; 38:1, s. 93-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: A large proportion of patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) do not experience excess mortality due to their disease. This group of patients is referred to as the cure proportion. Few studies have examined the possibility of cure for CMM. The aim of this study was to estimate the cure proportion of patients with CMM in a Swedish population. Methods: We undertook a population-based study of 5850 CMM patients in two Swedish health care regions during 1996-2005. We used flexible parametric cure models to estimate cure proportions and median survival times (MSTs) of uncured by stage, sex, age and anatomical site. Results: Disease stage at diagnosis was the most important factor for the probability of cure, with a cure proportion of approximately 1.0 for stage IA. While the probability of cure decreased with older age, the influence of age was smaller on the MST of uncured. Differences in prognosis between males and females were mainly attributed to differences in cure as opposed to differences in MST of uncured. Conclusions: This population-based study showed approximately 100% cure among stage IA disease. Almost 50% of patients had stage IA disease and the high cure proportion for this large patient group is reassuring.
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| 5. |
- Batsleer, Janet, et al.
(författare)
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Non-formal spaces of socio-cultural accompaniment: Responding to young unaccompanied refugees – reflections from the Partispace project
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Educational Research Journal. - : SAGE Publications. - 1474-9041. ; 17:2, s. 305-322
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drawing on research in progress in the Partispace project we make a case for the recognition of the importance of non-formal spaces in response to young refugees across three different national contexts: Frankfurt in Germany; Gothenburg in Sweden; and Manchester in the UK. It is argued that recognition of local regulation and national controls of immigration which support climates of hostility makes it important to recognise and affirm the significance of non-formal spaces and ‘small spaces close to home’ which are often developed in the ‘third space’ of civil society and arise from the impulses driven by the solidarity of volunteers. In these contexts it is important that practices of hospitality can develop which symbolically reconstitute refugees as hosts and subjects of a democratic conversation, without which there is no possible administrative solution to the refugee crisis. It is essential that educational spaces such as schools, colleges and universities forge strong bonds with such emergent spaces.
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| 6. |
- Beck, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Detectability of new psychoactive substances, 'legal highs', in CEDIA, EMIT, and KIMS immunochemical screening assays for drugs of abuse
- 2014
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Ingår i: Drug Testing and Analysis. - : Wiley. - 1942-7611 .- 1942-7603. ; 6:5, s. 492-499
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing number of new psychoactive substances made available for recreational drug use has created a challenge for clinical toxicology and drug testing laboratories. As a consequence, the routine immunoassay drug testing may become less effective due to an increased occurrence of false negative and false positive screening results. This work aimed to extend the knowledge about analytical cross-reactivity of new substances in selected CEDIA, EMIT, and KIMS immunoassays for drugs-of-abuse screening. Urine standards were prepared by spiking blank urine with 45 new substances. Authentic urine samples from intoxication cases identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were also studied. Several new psychoactive substances were demonstrated to display cross-reactivity in the immunoassays. CEDIA Amphetamine/Ecstasy and EMIT d.a.u. Amphetamine Class tests showed the highest reactivity towards the new drugs, which was expected since many have amphetamine-like structure and activity. In the samples from authentic cases, five new substances displayed 100% detection rate in the CEDIA Amphetamine/Ecstasy test. In conclusion, cross-reactivity data in routine urine drug screening immunoassays for a number of new psychoactive substances not studied before were reported. In both spiked and authentic urine samples, some new substances showed significant cross-reactivity and are thus detectable in the routine screening methods. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Berg, Lotta, et al.
(författare)
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Yttrande från SLUs vetenskapliga råd för djurskydd om hållande av hund och katt
- 2018
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta yttrande är skrivet på uppdrag av Jordbruksverket i samband med verkets översyn av föreskrifterna för hund och katt. För att Jordbruksverkets föreskrifter ska vara väl förankrade i den senaste forskningen önskar verket inhämta underlag från det vetenskapliga rådet för djurskydd vid Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, specifikt gällande områdena rörelsebehov, social kontakt och avvänjning.
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| 9. |
- Christmansson, Marita, et al.
(författare)
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A case study of a principally new way of materials kitting—an evaluation of time consumption and physical workload
- 2002
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Ingår i: International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. - : Elsevier. - 0169-8141 .- 1872-8219. ; 30:1, s. 49-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a materials kitting case study, using an alternative method for materials kitting: the traditional picker-to-material principle was replaced with a material-to-picker approach. The study was made in a materials supply workshop of an automobile plant shortly after this kitting process had been introduced. The materials kitting was video recorded and the material pickers’ physical exposure was assessed using ambulatory equipment to make an integrated registration of muscular activity, work postures and movements. The material pickers assessed work situations perceived as physically stressful. The materials kitting showed improved productivity as compared with other kitting methods. The study indicated that the work situation offered pickers low levels of physical exposure. The picking work was rather light but involved great repetitiveness in arm movements. The material pickers experienced the work as repetitive and having some physically stressful work situations. The integrated analyses showed: (1) that exposure in picking operations was similar to, but could be distinguished from, other work activities and (2) that picking from one type of storage package, Euro pallets, resulted in higher exposure than picking from plastic containers. More studies are needed on the implications of exposure levels in materials picking.
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| 10. |
- Dell'Isola, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Education, Home Exercise, and Supervised Exercise for People With Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis As Part of a Nationwide Implementation Program : Data From the Better Management of Patients With Osteoarthritis Registry
- 2020
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Ingår i: Arthritis Care and Research. - : Wiley. - 2151-464X .- 2151-4658. ; 72:2, s. 201-207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To compare the effectiveness of education (ED) plus home exercise (HE) and ED plus supervised exercise (SE) according to information provided by the Better Management of Patients With Osteoarthritis (BOA) Registry, a nationally implemented rehabilitation program for patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA). In addition, we investigated whether or not the effect of the treatments differed based on the joint affected by OA (hip versus knee). Methods: We included 38,030 participants from the BOA Registry with knee or hip OA who were treated with either ED, HE, or SE. The effect of the 3 treatment options on the pain intensity reduction (range 0–10) immediately postintervention and at 12 months was estimated using a mixed-effects model adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, affected joint (hip or knee), pain at baseline, comorbidity, and level of education. Results: The participants undergoing HE or SE experienced a greater pain reduction compared to participants who received ED, both after the treatment (group mean change for ED –0.91 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) –1.15, –0.68], for HE –1.06 [95% CI –1.10, –1.01], and for SE –1.12 [95% CI –1.15, –1.08]) and at 12 months (group mean change for ED –0.58 [95% CI –0.87, –0.30], for HE –0.82 [95% CI –0.87, –0.76], and for SE –0.82 [95% CI –0.86, –0.77]). Patients with knee OA who underwent HE or SE improved more compared to patients with hip OA at both follow-ups. Conclusion: In primary care, HE and SE lead to similar reductions in pain intensity but are more effective than ED alone. In addition, people with knee OA benefit more from HE and SE than people with hip OA.
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