| 1. |
- Manga, Edda, 1969-
(författare)
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Kärleken till Göteborg
- 2011
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Ingår i: Arche. - Göteborg : Freudianska föreningen. - 2000-7817. ; 36-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 2. |
- Campanelli, Mark, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of Life Cycle Inventories Incorporating Manufacturing Unit Processes
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. - 9780791854792
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sustainable manufacturing (SM) concerns the manufacture of products with regard to environmental, social, and economic impacts over the entire life cycle. With a primary focus on environmental concerns, life cycle assessment (LCA) can support SM practices. The life cycle inventory (LCI) is a key phase of LCA, and this paper considers the integration of manufacturing unit processes (MUPs) into system-level LCIs, which requires consideration of process flow diagrams at different levels of abstraction. Furthermore, uncertainty quantification is an important compo- nent of LCA interpretation, and this paper proposes a method to synthesize LCIs from the process-level to the system-level that consistently quantifies uncertainty in the inventories. The method can incorporate MUP data derived from measurements and/or modeling and simulation. Further development towards a complete methodology is discussed.
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| 3. |
- Daryani, Achraf, 1954-
(författare)
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Diet and Metabolic Risk Factors in Immigrant Women from the Middle East and Swedish-Born Women : A Cross-Sectional Study of Women from Iran, Turkey and Sweden
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The increasing number of immigrants in Sweden during the past decades has brought the health of different ethnic groups into focus. Many groups of immigrants in Sweden have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and coronary heart disease (CHD) than a Swedish reference group. The objective of this thesis was to study the health status and prevalence of metabolic risk factors among immigrant women from Iran and Turkey in comparison with native-Swedish women. The analyses are based on a cross-sectional study of first-generation immigrant women and women born in Sweden aged 35-64. The women underwent a clinical examination, including blood sampling and anthropometric measurements. Dietary intake was assessed by four repeated 24-hour food intake recalls. The results show important ethnic differences in risk factors for CHD and the metabolic syndrome between the immigrant and the Swedish-born women. Immigrant women from Iran and Turkey are heavier, with a higher prevalence of abdominal obesity and an unfavourable lipid profile and a high degree of physical inactivity during leisure-time, which may predispose for a higher incidence of diabetes and atherosclerotic CVD. The associations between dietary variables and metabolic risk factors were generally relatively weak. The degree of underreporting of the energy was significant, especially among immigrant women, which might have attenuated possible associations. The fatty acid profile of the diet and in serum among the immigrant women indicated both favourable and unfavourable features, despite a higher prevalence of obesity and dyslipidemia compared to the Swedish-born women. Signs of oxidative stress and inflammation are evident in the immigrant women from the Middle East. With reference to ethnical differences in metabolic risk factors, as demonstrated in this thesis, increased emphasis should be given to modifying the underlying factors such as overweight/obesity and physical inactivity associated with the metabolic syndrome in various immigrant groups.
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| 4. |
- Erbas, Bircan, et al.
(författare)
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Critical age windows in the impact of lifetime smoking exposure on respiratory symptoms and disease among ever smokers
- 2018
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Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 164, s. 241-247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Despite extensive knowledge of smoking effects on respiratory disease, there is no study including all age windows of exposure among ever smokers. The objective of this study was to assess the effects from smoking exposure in utero, early childhood, adolescence and adulthood on respiratory health outcomes in adult male and female ever smokers. Methods: Respiratory health outcomes were assessed in 10,610 participants of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) I who reported a history of ever smoking by questionnaire. The associations of maternal smoking in utero, maternal smoking during childhood, age of smoking debut and pack-years of smoking with respiratory symptoms, obstructive diseases and bronchial hyperreactivity were analysed using generalized linear regression, non-linearity between age of smoking debut and outcomes were assessed by Generalized additive mixed models. Results: Respiratory symptoms and asthma were more frequent in adults if their mother smoked during pregnancy, and, in men, also if mother smoked in childhood. Wheeze and >= 3 respiratory symptoms declined with later smoking debut among women [<= 10 years: OR = 3.51, 95% CI 1.26, 9.73; 11-12 years: 1.57[1.01-2.44]; 13-15 years: 1.11[0.94-1.32] and <= 10 years: 3.74[1.56-8.83]; 11-12 years: 1.76[1.19-2.56]; 13-15 years: 1.12[0.94-1.35], respectively]. Effects of increasing number of packyears were pronounced in women (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): OR/10 packyears women: 1.33 [1.18, 1.50], men: 1.14 [1.04, 1.26] P-interaction = 0.01). Conclusions: Among ever smokers, smoking exposure in each stage of the lifespan show persistent harmful effects for adult respiratory health, while women appeared to be more vulnerable to an early age of smoking debut and amount of smoking in adulthood.
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| 5. |
- Hoffman, Johan
(författare)
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Adaptive simulation of the subcritical flow past a sphere
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Fluid Mechanics. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0022-1120 .- 1469-7645. ; 568, s. 77-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adaptive DNS/LES (direct numerical simulation/large-eddy simulation) is used to compute the drag coefficient CD for the flow past a sphere at Reynolds number Re = 10(4). Using less than 10(5) mesh points, CD is computed to an accuracy of a few percent, corresponding to experimental precision, which is at least an order of magnitude cheaper than standard non-adaptive LES computations in the literature. Adaptive DNS/LES is a General Galerkin G2 method for turbulent flow, where a stabilized Galerkin finite element method is used to compute approximate solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations, with the mesh being adaptively refined until a stopping criterion is reached with respect to the error in a chosen output of interest, in this paper CD. Both the stopping criterion and the mesh refinement strategy are based on a posteriori error estimates, in the form of a space-time integral of residuals multiplied by derivatives of the solution of an associated dual problem, linearized at the approximate solution, and with data coupling to the output of interest. There is no filtering of the equations, and thus no Reynolds stresses are introduced that need modelling. The stabilization in the numerical method is acting as a simple turbulence model.
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| 6. |
- Moosavifar, Ali Seid, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in viscosity and boiling point elevation of black liquor when a fraction of lignin is removed - consequences in the evaporation stage
- 2009
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Ingår i: Appita Journal. - 1038-6807. ; 62:5, s. 383-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Removing lignin from kraft black liquor affects the physico-chemical properties of the liquor. The viscosity and boiling point elevation of black liquor are of crucial importance to the design as well as the operation of the black liquor evaporation plant. Since these properties are strongly influenced by the composition of the black liquor, it is of great interest to understand how they are influenced by the removal of lignin from black liquor. The viscosity and boiling point of black liquor samples taken both before and after lignin removal runs, and a mixture thereof, have therefore been measured in this work. Six different original black liquors (softwood and hardwood) were used as the source for lignin removal runs; a total of 18 liquors of different lignin concentration were studied. It was found that the property of black liquor that was most affected by the removal of lignin was viscosity, at most it was reduced by an order of magnitude (depending on the dry content, mill and wood species). A decrease in boiling point elevation was also found at dry contents above 40-50 % when a fraction of the lignin was removed from the black liquor.
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