| 1. |
- Creelman, Alastair, 1958-, et al.
(author)
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The Nordic Alliance for Open Education - State of the art, challenges and opportunities
- 2013
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In: <em>The Joy of Learning</em> <em>Enhancing Learning Experience - Improving Learning Quality</em>. - Oslo : European Distance and E-Learning Network. - 9789638955937
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Are the Nordic countries forerunners in Open Education? What is the state of the art, barriersand opportunities of Open Education in the Nordic countries? What are necessary actions onpolicy, institutional and individual levels? These are the main questions of this paper.Open Educational Resources are discussed widely on a global, European and even Nordiclevel. UNESCO, which has coined the term Open Educational Resources (OER) some 10 yearsago, published in June 2012 a global agenda for OER, the Paris Declaration (adopted by OERWorld Congress). The Declaration shows the importance of Open Educational Resources andgives recommendations to governments and institutions around the globe. The EuropeanUnion has started a large-scale initiative on “Opening Up Education”(http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/documents/consult/open_en.pdf).The concept of OER seems promising, potentially leading to educational collaborations,having potential for stimulating innovation in education, reducing cost of education, andbroadening access to education for all. However, the awareness on the opportunities of usingOERs is still low in the Nordic countries. In contrast to Open Access (for publications) orOpen Source (for software development), OER are not yet broadly known and accepted /adopted. It is highly necessary to combine the initiatives and ideas of open approaches. This isthe case at a user level as well as on policy level (see also Clements & Pawlowski, 2012).Therefore, it is important to promote OER to governments at all levels as well as toinstitutions.The Nordic countries seem to be a good ground for openness and sharing: the Nordiccountries share many values related to education and technology development; the political and governmental institutions are quite similar – there is also a tradition for exchange ofknowledge and solutions between the countries.In this paper, we briefly give an introduction to OER and reflect on the state if the art of OpenEducation in the Nordic countries. In expert workshops by the Nordic Open EducationAlliance, barriers and possible interventions to overcome them were explored. Based on these,we formulate recommendations as well as propose implementation actions. This study isbased on a position paper from the Nordic Open Education Alliance(http://www.nordlet.org/?=position).
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| 2. |
- Pawlowski, Jan, et al.
(author)
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Towards a Nordic Alliance for Open Education – a Position Paper
- 2013
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Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- The paper outlines the current situation of Open Education / Open Educational Resources in the Nordic country. We show examples and practices - based on expert workshops, we discuss barriers and necessary actions to overcome those. The paper is meant to be dynamic and will be improved and further developed - be part of the process at http://www.nordlet.orgOpen Educational Resources are discussed widely on a global, European and even Nordic level. UNESCO coined the term Open Educational Resources (OER) some 10 years ago and published in June 2012 a global agenda for OER, the Paris Declaration (adopted by OER World Congress). The Declaration shows the importance of Open Educational Resources and givesrecommendations to governments and institutions around the globe. The European Union has started a large-scale initiative on “Opening Up Education" (http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/documents/consult/open_en.pdf). Both the Nordic Council and the Nordic University Co-operation (NUS) will discuss OER in 2013. These developments inspired a Nordic initiative on promoting and utilizing Open Education in the Nordic countries with a focus on creating a strong base for OER and Open Educational Practices (OEP) in the region, also with a global outreach in mind. The Nordic countries have the potential to become a forerunner in OEP and the use of OER activities in Europe: 1 The Nordic countries share many values related to education and technology development; the political and governmental institutions are quite similar and there is a tradition for exchange f knowledge and solutions between the countries. Focusing on arelatively homogeneous region llows the newly-formed group to come up with specific recommendations that can reach the ears of policy makers, be implemented in policies and practice, and be used in new project proposals. 2 Open Educational Resources could potentially be a change agent in schools as well as in universities and vocational education. Having OER as scope allows the group to use one strong prism to reflect the crossroads the educational systems have to navigate in the target countries. In this document, we will briefly give an introduction to OER and reflect on the main recommendations as well as propose implementation actions for governments and institutions.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- del Río, Miren, et al.
(author)
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Emerging stability of forest productivity by mixing two species buffers temperature destabilizing effect
- 2022
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In: Journal of Applied Ecology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0021-8901 .- 1365-2664. ; 59:11, s. 2730-2741
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The increasing disturbances in monocultures around the world are testimony to their instability under global change. Many studies have claimed that temporal stability of productivity increases with species richness, although the ecological fundamentals have mainly been investigated through diversity experiments. To adequately manage forest ecosystems, it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding of the effect of mixing species on the temporal stability of productivity and the way in which it is influenced by climate conditions across large geographical areas. Here, we used a unique dataset of 261 stands combining pure and two-species mixtures of four relevant tree species over a wide range of climate conditions in Europe to examine the effect of species mixing on the level and temporal stability of productivity. Structural equation modelling was employed to further explore the direct and indirect influence of climate, overyielding, species asynchrony and additive effect (i.e. temporal stability expected from the species growth in monospecific stands) on temporal stability in mixed forests. We showed that by adding only one tree species to monocultures, the level (overyielding: +6%) and stability (temporal stability: +12%) of stand growth increased significantly. We identified the key effect of temperature on destabilizing stand growth, which may be mitigated by mixing species. We further confirmed asynchrony as the main driver of temporal stability in mixed stands, through both the additive effect and species interactions, which modify between-species asynchrony in mixtures in comparison to monocultures. Synthesis and applications. This study highlights the emergent properties associated with mixing two species, which result in resource efficient and temporally stable production systems. We reveal the negative impact of mean temperature on temporal stability of forest productivity and how the stabilizing effect of mixing two species can counterbalance this impact. The overyielding and temporal stability of growth addressed in this paper are essential for ecosystem services closely linked with the level and rhythm of forest growth. Our results underline that mixing two species can be a realistic and effective nature-based climate solution, which could contribute towards meeting EU climate target policies.
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| 5. |
- Grue, Else Vengnes, et al.
(author)
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Vision and hearing impairments and their associations with falling and loss of instrumental activities in daily living in acute hospitalized older persons in five Nordic hospitals
- 2008
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 23:4, s. 635-643
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Many older people believe sensory problems are inevitably, a part of growing old, and avoid assessment and help. Such problems are often also overlooked by health professionals. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of hearing and vision impairment and their associations with loss of instrumental activities in daily living (IADL) and risk of falling in patients aged 75 years or older, admitted to a medical ward in an acute hospital in each of the five Nordic countries. Method: The Minimum Data Set for Acute Care was used for data collection in 770 patients. Premorbid data, admission data and history of falls over 3 months were obtained on admission by interview and observation. Hearing impairment was present if the patient required a quiet setting to be able to hear normal speech. Vision impairment was defined as unable to read regular print in a newspaper. Results: Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed. Forty-eight per cent of the patients had a hearing impairment, 32.3% had vision impairment and 20.1% had both. Hearing impairment was associated with falling but not in the logistic regression model. Hearing and vision impairment were associated with loss of IADL but only combined impairment was independently. Conclusion: Hearing and vision impairments were frequent among older patients in the medical wards. Falling was associated with hearing loss and IADL loss with hearing, vision and combined impairments. Sensory loss was also associated with fear of falling. It is recommended routinely to screen sensory functions in older patients in a medical setting. Intervention studies are needed to determine whether improvements in hearing and vision can prevent falls and further loss of function in this patient population.
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| 6. |
- Hylen, Bertil, et al.
(author)
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Marknadsanalys av höghastighetsbanor i Europa
- 2005
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- On 4th April 2005 Banverket (Swedish rail infrastructure manager) commissioned VTI to carry out a market analysis of High Speed Rail Lines in Europe. The analysis should serve as an important input in the further planning of the Götalandsbanan (Stockholm-Jönköping-Göteborg) and Södra Stambanan. (Stockholm-Malmö). High Speed (HS) in this report refers to ? 250 km/h. An important part of the work has been to present relevant comparisons between Götalandsbanan and similar lines in other countries. Sweden has more passenger rail traffic as measured in passenger km compared to other countries. Götalandsbanan is intended to serve the heart of Sweden with 3-3½ million inhabitants. The population served by the HS line in Spain for example is similar but in many other cases the population is several times larger. Furthermore the assumed travel distances along Götalandsbanan are similar to such distances abroad where rail has been able to compete successfully with air travel.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Hylén, Jan, 1958-, et al.
(author)
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Rektorn och apparaten
- 2003
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In: Kobran, nallen och majjen. - Stockholm : Myndigheten för skolutveckling. - 9185128031 ; , s. 23-36
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 9. |
- Jonsson, Hanna, et al.
(author)
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Kartläggning av produktion och användning av OER vid några svenska lärosäten : rapport från "OER i öppna digitala arkiv"
- 2009
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Under 2008 genomfördes en kartläggning inom openaccess.se-projektet "OER i öppna digitala arkiv". Resultatet från sammanställs i denna rapport och omfattar en omvärldsanalys av OER i världen idag samt en kartläggning av användande och produktion av OER vid fem svenska lärosäten, Högskolan i Borås, Göteborgs Universitet, Malmö Högskola, Stockholms Universitet samt Uppsala Universitet. Enkätstudien och intervjuerna visar att begreppet OER och även begreppet digitala lärresurser fortfarande är nytt för många, men själva företeelserna används av över hälften av de som ingått i studierna. Även produktionen och viljan att dela med sig av det som produceras är relativt hög. Studierna visar också på att det i samband med användande och produktion av OER och digitala lärresurser finns många närliggande frågor av såväl kunskapsmässig som mer praktisk natur som är viktiga både för undervisande personal och ledning: Upphovsrättsliga frågor, stöd och incitament för användning och utveckling av digitalt undervisningsmaterial och nytto-kostnadsanalyser är några punkter där det behövs mer information och goda exempel på hur arbetet kan läggas upp.
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| 10. |
- Lindholm, Jessica, 1971, et al.
(author)
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Digitala lärresurser i lärosätenas öppna arkiv. Slutrapport från OERIIR-projektet
- 2009
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Arbetet i projektet ”OER i öppna digitala arkiv” har utförts i samarbete mellan Göteborgs universitet, Högskolan i Borås, Malmö högskola, Stockholms universitet, Uppsala universitet och Metamatrix AB under perioden mars 2008 - april 2009. Projektet har finansierats av Kungl. Bibliotekets program OpenAccess.se. Vid sidan om denna slutrapport, har vi tidigare publicerat rapporten Kartläggning av produktion och användning av OER vid några svenska lärosäten. De frågeställningar vi har arbetat med är - Hur ser möjligheterna ut att i lärosätenas öppna arkiv för e-publicering av forskning och uppsatser, också rymma de lokalt producerade lärresurserna? - I vilken omfattning använder och producerar lärarna vid lärosätena fritt tillgängliga lärresurser (OER, Open Educational Resources) idag? Vi har velat belysa dessa frågeställningar genom att ta fram unika empirisk data från de deltagande lärosätena.
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