| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Duong, Thi Hoa, et al.
(author)
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Micturition pattern in young boys with posterior urethral valves—A pilot study in small boys who are potty-trained from infancy
- 2013
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In: Open Journal of Pediatrics. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2160-8741 .- 2160-8776. ; 03, s. 358-363
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: To investigate if potty training from infancy can affect bladder dysfunction in boys with posterior urethral valves (PUV). Subjects and Meth- ods: The voiding pattern and emptying ability were followed using the 4-hour voiding observation method in 17 Vietnamese boys with PUV aged 3 months to 4 years who had been potty-trained from infancy. This group was compared with a group of healthy Viet- namese boys. Results: In the boys with PUV, the bladder volume increased according to age, and in- terrupted voiding was rare. However, when compar- ing boys with PUV with healthy boys, a significant difference was noted with more frequent voidings and lower voided volumes in the age group 0 - 1 year (P < 0.001). Despite the minimum amount of residual urine, average 8 ml or less in the boys with PUV, the age groups 1 - 2 and 2 - 4 years had significantly higher residual volumes compared with those of the healthy boys (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The findings from the 4-hour voiding observation showed few signs of dysfunctional bladder in the Vietnamese boys with PUV, including residual urine, even if there were signs of dysfunction compared with the healthy Viet- namese boys. Potty training from infancy could favor early bladder rehabilitation in boys with PUV.
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| 3. |
- Duong, Thi Hoa, et al.
(author)
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Urinary bladder control during the first 3years of life in healthy children in Vietnam - A comparison study with Swedish children.
- 2013
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In: Journal of Pediatric Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1477-5131 .- 1873-4898. ; 9:6, s. 700-706
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To study outcomes of early potty training in a population of healthy children with a tradition of early potty training and to compare these findings with a group of children to whom potty training was applied later. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Mothers and their 47 healthy children in Vietnam participated in this longitudinal study. The voiding pattern and emptying ability were followed by the 4-hvoiding observation method from 3 months to 3 years of age. A comparison is made with a group of 57 Swedish children investigated in a similar manner. RESULTS: In the group of Vietnamese children, 89% were on daily potty training at the age of 6 months. At the age of 24 months, potty training was complete for 98%. In the Swedish group, just a few (5%) had started daily potty training by the age of 24 months (p<0.001). The Vietnamese group had fewer voidings and lower voided volumes than the Swedish group. In the Vietnamese children, bladder emptying could be regarded as having been completed, with no residual urine at 9 months, compared with the Swedish group, which first showed complete emptying at the age of 36 months. CONCLUSION: Potty training performed daily affects the emptying ability positively. In the Vietnamese group, no residual urine was found at the age of 9 months. These results differ significantly from those of the group of Swedish children.
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| 4. |
- Jansson, Ulla-Britt, 1950, et al.
(author)
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Life events and their impact on bladder control in children.
- 2007
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In: Journal of pediatric urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-4898 .- 1477-5131. ; 3:3, s. 171-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between incidence and nature of life events within families and age of bladder control acquisition in healthy children. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Thirty-five parents of 36, 6-year-old children were interviewed using the Coddington life events questionnaire. RESULTS: The children had experienced a total of 185 life events (mean 5, median 4.5, range 1-12) before the time of dryness. The most common were related to childcare/occupation of parent (51%), illness/injury/death (24%), family composition (16%) and living conditions (9%). There was a strong correlation between the number of life events and the age of dryness; the more life events and the older the child was when experiencing them, the later the child became dry. The only single event that was significantly associated with a later age of dryness was the birth of a sister or brother. In general, children had reacted positively (39%) or neutrally, but to 30% of events there was a negative reaction. There was a correlation between the reaction of the child and adaptation to the life event, and if the child had difficulty adapting to an event, that child became day dry at a later age. CONCLUSION: Although life events are a natural part of daily life, this study supports the conclusion that a large number of events and events to which the child has difficulty adapting can be of importance for the age of acquisition of bladder control.
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| 5. |
- Jansson, Ulla-Britt, 1950, et al.
(author)
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Voiding pattern and acquisition of bladder control from birth to age 6 years--a longitudinal study.
- 2005
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In: The Journal of urology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0022-5347 .- 1527-3792. ; 174:1, s. 289-93
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: We describe the voiding pattern and acquisition of bladder control in healthy children up to age 6 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We determined age for daytime and nighttime dryness, voiding patterns, voiding volumes and post-void residual volume per 4 hours individually and noninvasively every 3 months up to age 3 years and every 6 months up to age 6 years in 36 female and 23 male patients using 4-hour voiding observation and uroflowmetry/ultrasound. RESULTS: Median age for attaining daytime and nighttime dryness was 3.5 and 4 years, respectively. No significant difference was found between girls and boys. All but 1 child attained daytime dryness an average of 10 months before attaining nighttime dryness. Bladder sensation was reported in 31%, 79% and 100% of patients at ages 2, 3 and 4 years, respectively. Median bladder capacity was 67 ml, 123 ml and 140 ml at years 1, 3 and 6, respectively. Median post-void residual volume was 5.5 ml, 0 ml and 2 ml at ages 1, 3 and 6 years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Today bladder control is acquired at a later stage despite earlier awareness of bladder function. The occurrence of bladder sensation from age 1.5 years motivates an earlier start with toilet training. Infants with small post-void residual volume at age 6 months or large bladder capacity will probably attain daytime dryness earlier than those with large post-void residual volume at age 6 months or small bladder capacity.
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| 6. |
- Jansson, Ulla-Britt, 1950, et al.
(author)
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Voiding pattern in healthy children 0 to 3 years old: a longitudinal study.
- 2000
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In: The Journal of urology. - 0022-5347. ; 164:6, s. 2050-4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: We describe the development of voiding patterns and bladder control in healthy children during the first 3 years of life. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We determined voiding patterns, bladder capacity and post-void residual urine volume per 4 hours individually and noninvasively every 3 months in 36 female and 23 male healthy infants using the 4-hour voiding observation. RESULTS: Voiding frequency decreased slowly from 5 to 2 voiding episodes per 4 hours from ages 3 months to 3 years. We noted interrupted voiding in 33% of subjects at age 3 months but this condition was rare after age 2 years. Voiding during sleep occurred mainly during the first 7 months of life and did not continue after age 18 months. Bladder capacity increased from a median of 52 to 67, 68 and 123 ml. during years 1 to 3, respectively. As measured by post-void residual urine volume, bladder emptying was unchanged during years 1 and 2 but it decreased during year 3 (median 6 versus 0 and mean 4 versus 3 ml. per 4 hours). CONCLUSIONS: During the first 3 years of life the number of voiding episodes, including interrupted voiding, post-void residual urine and voiding during sleep, decreased while bladder capacity increased.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Alexander, et al.
(author)
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Presence of Calcium Cations Stimulate Alkaline Hydrolysis of Cellulose During Kraft Pulping Conditions
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Simulated kraft pulping has been performed on cotton linters fibers consisting of almost pure cellulose with varying content of calcium ions. These concentrations were obtained by soaking and drying cotton linters in calcium sulfate solutions. The viscosities of the pulped fibers were generally lower with higher calcium ion concentration and, therefore, in line with earlier suggested ideas that calcium ions could catalyze alkaline hydrolysis. The technical importance of these results is discussed.
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| 8. |
- Berends, Gerrit, 1965-
(author)
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Skrivsamarbete i högre utbildning : Tre studenters skribentprofiler i kollaborativa skrivargrupper
- 2013
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The overarching aim of this thesis is to probe more deeply into how collaborative writing can help to socialise students in a writing practice. More specifically, the thesis deals with lab report writing and the relationship of three students with different backgrounds to the educational practices of a university department. The three students differ in language background, previous higher education and vocational experience. The material comprises recordings of student discussions while writing lab reports in a group. The students and their lab report writing in different group constellations has been followed longitudinally for between two to four semesters. In addition the development of the lab reports over time has been studied, as well as teachers’ comments on them. Student acquisition of the genre is linked to internal textual criteria (textual aspects) and to extratextual criteria in the educational context.In view of the study’s focus on group collaboration a socio-cultural perspective has been adopted as a frame. A model developed by Storch (2002) based on Vygotsky’s role relationships between expert and novice is used to shed light on how the students resolve problems related to the writing task through group discussions.The results show that the students’ backgrounds play a role in the creation of their profiles in the collaborative writing groups. The student with a second-language background often seeks support, not least where linguistic correctness is concerned, and cites what teachers say as arguments. The student with prior experience of academic writing appears to be a seasoned writer, for instance by daring to deviate from instructions and teachers’ directives. The third student uses his professional experience of writing lab reports in discussions to gain acceptance for his ideas.
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| 9. |
- Chantzichristos, Dimitrios, 1976, et al.
(author)
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Identification of human glucocorticoid response markers using integrated multi-omic analysis from a randomized crossover trial.
- 2021
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In: eLife. - 2050-084X. ; 10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Glucocorticoids are among the most commonly prescribed drugs, but there is no biomarker that can quantify their action. The aim of the study was to identify and validate circulating biomarkers of glucocorticoid action.In a randomized, crossover, single-blind, discovery study, 10 subjects with primary adrenal insufficiency (and no other endocrinopathies) were admitted at the in-patient clinic and studied during physiological glucocorticoid exposure and withdrawal. A randomization plan before the first intervention was used. Besides mild physical and/or mental fatigue and salt craving, no serious adverse events were observed. The transcriptome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and adipose tissue, plasma miRNAomic, and serum metabolomics were compared between the interventions using integrated multi-omic analysis.We identified a transcriptomic profile derived from two tissues and a multi-omic cluster, both predictive of glucocorticoid exposure. A microRNA (miR-122-5p) that was correlated with genes and metabolites regulated by glucocorticoid exposure was identified (p=0.009) and replicated in independent studies with varying glucocorticoid exposure (0.01 ≤ p≤0.05).We have generated results that construct the basis for successful discovery of biomarker(s) to measure effects of glucocorticoids, allowing strategies to individualize and optimize glucocorticoid therapy, and shedding light on disease etiology related to unphysiological glucocorticoid exposure, such as in cardiovascular disease and obesity.The Swedish Research Council (Grant 2015-02561 and 2019-01112); The Swedish federal government under the LUA/ALF agreement (Grant ALFGBG-719531); The Swedish Endocrinology Association; The Gothenburg Medical Society; Wellcome Trust; The Medical Research Council, UK; The Chief Scientist Office, UK; The Eva Madura's Foundation; The Research Foundation of Copenhagen University Hospital; and The Danish Rheumatism Association.NCT02152553.
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| 10. |
- Day, Annika L., et al.
(author)
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An evaluation of daily relaxation training and psychosomatic symptoms in young children
- 2016
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In: Health Behavior and Policy Review. - : Paris Scholar Publishing. - 2326-4403. ; 3:3, s. 198-208
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: We evaluated the efficacy of daily relaxation training on psychosomatic symptoms during one school year among 8-year-old children. Methods: Cortisol in saliva, abdominal circumference including body mass index (BMI), heart rate, rate pressure product (RPP), and stress in children (SIC) were measured. Teachers in the intervention classes were interviewed. The intervention consisted of a daily relaxation therapy (RT). Results: The intervention group showed reduced heart rate. Individuals of the intervention group showed an improvement regarding headaches and the ability to fall asleep. The qualitative results showed that the RT had a calming effect on both the children and the teachers. Conclusions: RT among children may be of use to cope with stress as interpreted by some improved parameters in the intervention group.
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