| 1. |
- Jakobsson, L, et al.
(författare)
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Micturition problems in relation to quality of life in men with prostate cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia - Comparison with men from the general population
- 2004
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Ingår i: Cancer Nursing. - : Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Ltd.. - 1538-9804 .- 0162-220X. ; 27:3, s. 218-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to investigate men with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in comparison with men from the general population in aspects of presence and frequency of micturition problems in remembrance of prior to treatment and currently. Further, the aim was to investigate the impact of micturition problems on quality of life and the association with micturition problems, and quality of life and sense of coherence (SOC). The samples consisted of 155 men with prostate cancer, 131 with BPH, and 129 from the general population. Micturition problems were assessed with study-specific questions, modified International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life questionnare (QLQ C-30), and SOC questionnaires. Parametric and nonparametric statistics were applied. Most troublesome urinary problems were leakage, feelings of discomfort, and disrupted urinary function and frequency. Men with urological diagnosis had more micturition problems, fatigue, and sleeping difficulties than men from the general population, but the cancer diagnosis did not add to the problems. Role and social functioning (prostate cancer), emotional functioning (BPH), and grade of fatigue (general population) showed itself vital for overall quality of life. Thus, help in solving issues of micturition problems, fatigue, and sleeping disturbances may contribute to maintenance of role, social, and emotional aspects of life.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Malmström, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Breast conservation surgery, with and without radiotherapy, in women with lymph node-negative breast cancer: a randomised clinical trial in a population with access to public mammography screening.
- 2003
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Ingår i: European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990). - 0959-8049. ; 39, s. 1690-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of postoperative radiotherapy after sector resection for stage I-II lymph node-negative breast cancer was evaluated in a patient population with access to public mammographical screening. 1187 women were randomised to no further treatment or postoperative radiotherapy following a standardised sector resection and axillary dissection. Radiation was administered to a dose of 48-54 Gy. Median age was 60 years, and median size of the detected tumours was 12 mm. Of the women 65% had their tumours detected by mammographical screening. The relative risk (RR) of ipsilateral breast recurrence was significantly higher in the non-irradiated patients compared with the irradiated patients, RR=3.33 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 2.13-5.19, P<0.001). The corresponding cumulative incidence at 5 years was 14% versus 4%, respectively. Overall survival (OS) was similar, RR=1.16 (95% CI 0.81-1.65, P=0.41), with 5 year probabilities of 93 and 94%, respectively. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) at 5 years was significantly lower in the non-irradiated women, 77% versus 88% (P<0.001). Although women above 49 years of age, whose tumours were detected with mammographical screening, had the lowest rate of ipsilateral breast recurrence in this study, the cumulative incidence of such event amounted to 10% at 5 years if radiotherapy was not given. Such a recurrence rate has been considered as unacceptably high, but is, however, in the same range as that reported after lumpectomy and postoperative radiotherapy in published series.
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| 4. |
- Hallgrimsson, Palli, et al.
(författare)
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Use of the harmonic scalpel versus conventional haemostatic techniques in patients with Grave disease undergoing total thyroidectomy: a prospective randomised controlled trial.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-2451 .- 1435-2443. ; 393, s. 675-680
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Thyrotoxicosis is often considered to be the most difficult thyroid operation because of the high vascularisation and the risk of bleeding. The conventional haemostatic technique in thyroidectomy today include knot tying and electrocoagulation. The introduction of the harmonic scalpel (HS) has led to further research if the use of the HS has any benefits in thyroid surgery. To our knowledge, no previous study has evaluated the HS dissection technique in a homogenous group of patients with Graves' disease undergoing total thyroidectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-one patients (39 women and 12 men) with the pre-operative diagnosis of Graves' disease treated at two endocrine centers were randomised to total thyroidectomy with the use of the HS or with conventional haemostatic techniques. RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients were randomised to the harmonic group and 24 to the conventional group. The operating time was shorter in the HS group (median, 121 min; range, 84-213 min) compared to the conventional group (median, 172 min; range, 66-268 min; p = 0.011). CONCLUSION: The use of the HS was associated with a significant reduction in operating time compared to the use of the conventional haemostatic techniques in patients with Graves' disease undergoing total thyroidectomy.
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| 5. |
- Jakobsson, Liselotte, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Patient satisfaction with nursing care : evaluation before and after expenditure cutback and intervention at a surgical clinic
- 1994
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Ingår i: International Journal for Quality in Health Care. - 1353-4505 .- 1464-3677. ; 6:4, s. 361-369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- After a major cutback in the budget and staffing of a surgical clinic in southern Sweden there was intervention to improve the quality of nursing care and to evaluate the outcome. The intervention consisted of the implementation of: (1) nursing care organized in such a way that it would secure continuity of the nurse—patient relationship, (2) individually planned care by means of diagnostic reasoning, and (3) quality assurance for aspects believed to be connected with quality of care. Patient satisfaction before and after the intervention was assessed by means of a patient questionnaire survey (May 1991; n = 105 and May 1992; n = 137). Patient satisfaction improved significantly in variables related to nursing care viz. overall satisfaction and satisfaction with information and decision making; satisfaction with contact and staff-patient relationship; ward facilities and physical treatment or examinations; and satisfaction with physical nursing care. The results were interpreted to mean that the intervention may have counteracted any negative impact the reduced budget might have had such as the higher patient turn-over and the shorter in-patient periods, and thus seemed to have improved the quality of the nursing care in terms of patient satisfaction.
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| 7. |
- Lovén Wallerius, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Asymmetric competition over space use and territory between native brown trout (Salmo trutta) and invasive brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Fish Biology. - : Wiley. - 0022-1112 .- 1095-8649. ; 100:4, s. 1033-1043
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interference competition over food and territory can shape population structure and habitat use within and between species. The introduction of invasive species often leads to novel competitive interactions over shared resources and invaders can eventually exclude the native species from preferred habitats. Invasive brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) introduced to northern Europe have excluded native brown trout (Salmo trutta) from numerous headwater streams. The fact that invasive brook trout can displace the more aggressive brown trout is puzzling. However, the earlier spawning and hatching of brook trout, compared to brown trout, may lead to unequal competition due to size advantage and prior resident status of brook trout at the fry stage. In this study, we examine the effect of competition between brown trout and brook trout using the natural size distribution of the two species. In two consecutive experiments, we first measured space use and feeding of a fry (age 0+) in the presence of a juvenile (age 1+). In experiment 2, we assessed territorial interactions between the species at the fry stage (age 0+) and if smaller brown trout could compensate the disadvantage by manipulating residence duration. Fry of brook trout feed sooner and spend more time close to the larger individual than brown trout fry. We also found that brook trout fry won most territorial contests against brown trout, and that increased residence duration led to longer and more aggressive interactions. The results suggest that smaller brown trout are displaced to suboptimal habitats in the presence of a larger brook trout. Therefore, the later emergence from gravel beds resulting in the naturally occurring size disadvantage of brown trout at the fry stage may lead to unequal territorial interactions that could explain why brown trout are displaced from preferred habitats in sympatry with brook trout. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Fish Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Fisheries Society of the British Isles.
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| 9. |
- Nordgarden, Hilde, et al.
(författare)
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Are Botulinum Toxin Injections Into the Major Salivary Glands a Good Treatment Option?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Neurology. - : Sage Publications. - 0883-0738 .- 1708-8283. ; 27:4, s. 458-464
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are several treatment options available for drooling; botulinum toxin injections into the major salivary glands are one. There is no consensus as to how many and which glands should be injected. A research project on this topic was terminated because of adverse effects. Individual results and the adverse effects are described and discussed in this article. Six individuals with cerebral palsy were randomly allocated to 2 treatment groups, with five individuals receiving ultrasound-guided injections to parotid and submandibular glands and one receiving injections to the submandibular glands only. Reduction of observed drooling was registered in 3, while 4 patients reported subjective improvement (Visual Analog Scale). Two participants reported adverse effects, including dysphagia, dysarthria, and increased salivary viscosity. Injections with botulinum toxin can be a useful treatment option but there is a risk of adverse effects. Multidisciplinary evaluation and informed discussions with patients/caregivers are important factors in the decision-making process.
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