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- Daelman, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Frailty and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults with congenital heart disease
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : Elsevier. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 83:12, s. 1149-1159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Life expectancy of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) has increased rapidly, resulting in a growing and aging population. Recent studies have shown that older people with CHD have higher morbidity, health care use, and mortality. To maintain longevity and quality of life, understanding their evolving medical and psychosocial challenges is essential.Objectives: The authors describe the frailty and cognitive profile of middle-aged and older adults with CHD to identify predictor variables and to explore the relationship with hospital admissions and outpatient visits.Methods: Using a cross-sectional, multicentric design, we included 814 patients aged ≥40 years from 11 countries. Frailty phenotype was determined using the Fried method. Cognitive function was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment.Results: In this sample, 52.3% of patients were assessed as robust, 41.9% as prefrail, and 5.8% as frail; 38.8% had cognitive dysfunction. Multinomial regression showed that frailty was associated with older age, female sex, higher physiologic class, and comorbidities. Counterintuitively, patients with mild heart defects were more likely than those with complex lesions to be prefrail. Patients from middle-income countries displayed more prefrailty than those from higher-income countries. Logistic regression demonstrated that cognitive dysfunction was related to older age, comorbidities, and lower country-level income.Conclusions: Approximately one-half of included patients were (pre-)frail, and more than one-third experienced cognitive impairment. Frailty and cognitive dysfunction were identified in patients with mild CHD, indicating that these concerns extend beyond severe CHD. Assessing frailty and cognition routinely could offer valuable insights into this aging population.
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- Bullarbo, Maria, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Magnesium Supplementation and Blood Pressure in Pregnancy: A Double-Blind Randomized Multicenter Study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Pregnancy. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-2727 .- 2090-2735.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To investigate the effect of magnesium (Mg) supplementation in healthy pregnant women for prevention of blood pressure increase. Secondary outcomes were comparison of biomarkers for hypertensive disorders and labour and fetal outcomes between the groups. Methods. Two hundred nulliparous healthy pregnant women were double-blind randomized to receive Mg daily or placebo. Results. There were no differences in blood pressure increase. However, among the Mg-treated women, there was a significant negative correlation between increase in blood levels of magnesium and increase in systolic blood pressure (p = 0.042). Magnesium supplementation seems to be safe for both mother and infant. Conclusion. Magnesium supplementation in healthy first-time pregnant women is not to be recommended for prevention of blood pressure increase. Supplementation in risk pregnancies needs to be further investigated.
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- Forsell, Yvonne, et al.
(författare)
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FitForLife : study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Trials. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1745-6215. ; 16:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Psychosis is a serious mental illness that typically emerges during early adulthood. The disorder is characterized by inactivity, cognitive deficits and the need for ongoing support. Regular exercise has mood enhancing and anxiolytic effects that could benefit this patient group. To date, few studies have examined the effects of prescribed exercise on autonomy, health and cognitive functioning in psychosis.METHODS/DESIGN: This is a single-center, randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a 3-month follow-up. Usual care plus a 12-week supervised exercise program will be compared to usual outpatient care alone. The primary outcome will be patient autonomy measured by the Camberwell Assessment of Need (CAN) schedule - clinician rated. Secondary outcomes include cardiovascular risk factors, cognitive functioning, substance abuse, body awareness, depression and mood state. Changes in inflammatory markers and microbiotica will be explored. The feasibility of using patients as exercise trainers will also be assessed.DISCUSSION: The treatment potential for exercise in psychosis is large because most individuals with the disorder are young and inactive. The study is one of the first to comprehensively assess the effects of regular exercise in young adults with psychosis. Sessions will be closely supervised and adjusted to meet patient needs. Both the feasibility and treatment effects of exercise interventions in psychosis will be discussed.TRIAL REGISTRATION: German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00008991 7 August 2015.
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- Kjellin, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Mycobacterial infection induces specific tRNA cleavage in the host cell – a response conserved from amoebae to macrophages
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Intracellular bacterial pathogens have to avoid the defenses of the host cell and create an environment in which they can replicate. This causes complex host-pathogen interactions, which are not fully understood. We have previously shown that infection by Mycobacterium marinum and Legionella pneumophila, respectively, induce large transcriptional rewiring in the model amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum. Although the major part of the responses was unique to each pathogen, both infections caused an up-regulation of RNA interference (RNAi) associated genes. Comparison to regulation in human macrophages after infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and L. pneumophila indicated that parts of the host-pathogen interaction, including the regulation of RNAi associated genes, are conserved.In this study, we investigate the effect on the small RNA population in D. discoideum when the amoeba was infected with M. marinum and L. pneumophila, respectively. Similar to the regulation of protein coding genes, we show that the two pathogens cause very different small RNA responses. M. marinum infection causes a dramatic up-regulation of specific tRNA halves, which was not observed in response to L. pneumophila or Klebsiella pneumonia. Furthermore, we show that this response is conserved in mammalian cells after infection by mycobacteria while L. pneumophila infection, as in D. discoideum, does not cause an increase in tRNA-halves.In summary, we demonstrate that infection by M. marinum induces major changes in the small RNA population of D. discoideum. This response is characterized by cleavage of specific host tRNAs, generating high levels of tRNA-halves, and is conserved in macrophages infected by M. tuberculosis.
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- Lönn, Maria
(författare)
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Bruten vithet : om den ryska femininitetens sinnliga och temporala villkor
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Visual signs like skin color are just one of many factors in how white femininity is being articulated and interpreted. Other important components are the concept of a Eurocentric and linear temporality and the importance of being situated as modern. This thesis explores how certain forms of white femininity, depending on their locus, are privileged while others are seen as broken according to a hierarchy of white femininityKey to the dissertation are fashion-oriented white Russian women living in Stockholm, St. Petersburg and Moscow who are trying to embody ideas of modernities and normative temporality through the body and the senses. One way of doing so is by controlling their sensory expressions and thus that which white subjectivity has a long history of trying to transcend: the body. An example of this is the attempt to control smell, which works as a reminder of the primitive, animal, and outdated parts of the human being.Instead of investigating the making of the modern body-controlled white femininity through discourses, representations or articulated thoughts, the thesis focuses on how white femininity is inscribed in racialized perceptions through the level of bodily habits – or more specifically bodily habituations of norms and body schedules. This is done through a multisensory method that centers the ways smell, the visual, the haptic and the tactile are used as a way to experience and express modernities. Another important factor is how white femininity never articulates itself alone, but is instead always-already intimately connected to other bodies and objects. Thus, white femininity must always be seen as an intercorporal exchange.
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