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- Ahrné, Siv, et al.
(författare)
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Lactobacilli in the intestinal microbiota of Swedish infants
- 2005
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Ingår i: Microbes and Infection. - : Elsevier BV. - 1286-4579 .- 1769-714X. ; 7:11-12, s. 1256-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lactobacillus colonisation was examined in 112 Swedish infants. Faecal samples obtained at 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks and at 6, 12 and 18 months of age were cultivated quantitatively on Rogosa agar. Lactobacilli were speciated by PCR and typed to the strain level by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Lactobacilli reached a peak at 6 months when 45% of the infants were colonised. L. rhamnosus and L. gasseri were the most common species in this period. Colonisation by lactobacilli in general (P < 0.01) and L. rhamnosus in particular (P < 0.05) was more common in breast-fed than in weaned infants at 6 months of age. Lactobacillus isolation reached a nadir of 17% by 12 months (P < 0.0001), but increased to 31% by 18 months of age P < 0.05). The food-related species L. paracasei, L. plantarum, L. acidophilus and L. delbrueckii dominated in this second phase. A single strain persisted for at least 3 weeks in 17% of the infants during the first 6 months, most commonly L. rhamnosus. Lactobacillus population counts in colonised infants increased from 10(6.4) cfu/g at 1 week to 10(8.8) cfu/g at 6 months, and then dropped to 10(5.4) cfu/g faeces at 12 months of age. Lactobacillus colonisation was not significantly related to delivery mode, or to presence of siblings or pets in the household. Our results suggest that certain Lactobacillus species, especially L. rhamnosus, thrive in the intestinal flora of breast-fed infants. After weaning they are replaced by other Lactobacillus species of types found in food.
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- Andersson, Angelica, et al.
(författare)
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TV shearography : quantitative measurement of shear-magnitude fields by use of digital speckle photography
- 2000
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Ingår i: Applied Optics. - 1559-128X .- 2155-3165. ; 39:16, s. 2565-2568
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital speckle photography combined with TV shearography is developed for precise measurement of the magnitude of the shear field in a linear shear configuration. As an application the method is implemented to determine the slope-change variations of a three-dimensional object with TV shearography in which the shear magnitude is obtained with the digital speckle photography technique
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- Benckert, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Fresnel diffraction of a Gaussian laser beam by polished metal cylinders
- 1990
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Ingår i: Applied Optics. - 1559-128X .- 2155-3165. ; 29:3, s. 416-421
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A laser beam touching the periphery of a polished cylinder is subjected to both diffraction and reflection. Inthe area where diffracted light and reflected light interact the resulting intensity distribution differs from thepattern predicted by diffraction theory for a sharp edge. The difference increases with cylinder radius. Inthis paper it is shown that a good description of the resulting intensity pattern is obtained by adding thereflected light amplitude to the diffracted amplitude as predicted by the Fresnel-Kirchhoff theory for a sharpedge.
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- Benckert, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring 3-D displacement of a surface using the white light speckle technique
- 1986
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 599, s. 207-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When measuring in plane surface deformation using white light speckle photography, errors will arise if an out of plane displacement is present. Here it is shown that stereoscopic photography resolves this problem and makes the measurement of true in plane displacements possible. A rigid body translation is also introduced to determine unambiguously the direction of the displacement
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| 8. |
- Benckert, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring true in-plane displacements of a surface by stereoscopic white-light speckle photography
- 1987
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Ingår i: Optical Engineering. - : SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng. - 0091-3286 .- 1560-2303. ; 26:2, s. 167-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When in-plane surface deformations are measured using white-light speckle photography, errors arise if an out-of-plane displacement is present. Stereoscopic photography resolves this problem and makes possible the measurement of true in-plane displacements. A rigid-body translation is introduced to determine unambiguously the direction of the displacement
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