| 1. |
- Rowbotham, S. E., et al.
(författare)
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Inositol in the MAnaGemENt of abdominal aortic aneurysm (IMAGEN) : Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
- 2017
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Ingår i: Trials. - : BioMed Central Ltd.. - 1745-6215. ; 18:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a focal dilation of the abdominal aorta and is associated with a risk of fatal rupture. Experimental studies suggest that myo-inositol may exert beneficial effects on AAAs through favourable changes to biological pathways implicated in AAA pathology. The aim of the Inositol in the MAnaGemENt of abdominal aortic aneurysm (IMAGEN) trial is to assess if myo-inositol will reduce AAA growth. Methods/design: IMAGEN is a multi-centre, prospective, parallel-group, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 164 participants with an AAA measuring ≥ 30 mm will be randomised to either 2 g of myo-inositol or identical placebo twice daily for 12 months. The primary outcome measure will be AAA growth estimated by increase in total infrarenal aortic volume measured on computed tomographic scans. Secondary outcome measures will include AAA diameter assessed by computed tomography and ultrasound, AAA peak wall stress and peak wall rupture index, serum lipids, circulating AAA biomarkers, circulating RNAs and health-related quality of life. All analysis will be based on the intention-to-treat principle at the time of randomisation. All patients who meet the eligibility criteria, provide written informed consent and are enrolled in the study will be included in the primary analysis, regardless of adherence to dietary allocation. Discussion: Currently, there is no known medical therapy to limit AAA progression. The IMAGEN trial will be the first randomised trial, to our knowledge, to assess the value of myo-inositol in limiting AAA growth.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bateman, A, et al.
(författare)
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The Pfam protein families database
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nucleic acids research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1362-4962. ; 32:Database issue, s. D138-D141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Bauer, S H J, et al.
(författare)
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A rapid and sensitive procedure for determination of 5-N-acetyl neuraminic acid in lipopolysaccharides of Haemophilus influenzae : a survey of 24 non-typeable H-influenzae strains
- 2001
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Ingår i: Carbohydrate Research. - 0008-6215 .- 1873-426X. ; 335:4, s. 251-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In view of the importance of 5-N-acetyl neuraminic acid in bacterial pathogenesis, a sensitive, reproducible and reliable method for the determination of 5-N-acetyl neuraminic acid levels in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is described and applied to 24 different non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) strains. The method involves analysis by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) of terminal 5-N-acetyl neuraminic acid residues released by neuraminidase treatment of O-deacylated LPS. The procedure is relatively fast and the instrumental effort is moderate. The results of the procedure were compared with data obtained by H-1 NMR and electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The analysis of LPS from 24 NTHi strains showed that 5-N-acetyl neuraminic acid was found to be a common constituent of LPS in NTHi. Only one strain (NTHi 432) did not show any sialylation. Molar ratios (LPS /5-N-acetyl neuraminic acid) ranged between 5/1 and 500/1. Several strains in which no 5-N-acetyl neuraminic acid could be determined by other methods including 1H NMR and ESI-MS were shown to contain 5-N-acetyl neuraminic acid by this HPAEC-PAD procedure. The method was applied to determine levels of terminal 5-N-acetyl neuraminic acid in LPS from NTHi strains grown under different conditions and mutant strains containing inactive LPS biosynthetic genes.
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| 5. |
- Day, Louise T., et al.
(författare)
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"Every Newborn-BIRTH" protocol : observational study validating indicators for coverage and quality of maternal and newborn health care in Bangladesh, Nepal and Tanzania
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Global Health. - : International Global Health Society. - 2047-2978 .- 2047-2986. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: To achieve Sustainable Development Goals and Universal Health Coverage, programmatic data are essential. The Every Newborn Action Plan, agreed by all United Nations member states and >80 development partners, includes an ambitious Measurement Improvement Roadmap. Quality of care at birth is prioritised by both Every Newborn and Ending Preventable Maternal Mortality strategies, hence metrics need to advance from health service contact alone, to content of care. As facility births increase, monitoring using routine facility data in DHIS2 has potential, yet validation research has mainly focussed on maternal recall surveys. The Every Newborn - Birth Indicators Research Tracking in Hospitals (EN-BIRTH) study aims to validate selected newborn and maternal indicators for routine tracking of coverage and quality of facility-based care for use at district, national and global levels.Methods: EN-BIRTH is an observational study including >20000 facility births in three countries (Tanzania, Bangladesh and Nepal) to validate selected indicators. Direct clinical observation will be compared with facility register data and a pre-discharge maternal recall survey for indicators including: uterotonic administration, immediate newborn care, neonatal resuscitation and Kangaroo mother care. Indicators including neonatal infection management and antenatal corticosteroid administration, which cannot be easily observed, will be validated using inpatient records. Trained clinical observers in Labour/Delivery ward, Operation theatre, and Kangaroo mother care ward/areas will collect data using a tablet-based customised data capturing application. Sensitivity will be calculated for numerators of all indicators and specificity for those numerators with adequate information. Other objectives include comparison of denominator options (ie, true target population or surrogates) and quality of care analyses, especially regarding intervention timing. Barriers and enablers to routine recording and data usage will be assessed by data flow assessments, quantitative and qualitative analyses.Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first large, multi-country study validating facility-based routine data compared to direct observation for maternal and newborn care, designed to provide evidence to inform selection of a core list of indicators recommended for inclusion in national DHIS2. Availability and use of such data are fundamental to drive progress towards ending the annual 5.5 million preventable stillbirths, maternal and newborn deaths.
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| 6. |
- Day, Louise T, et al.
(författare)
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"Every Newborn-BIRTH" protocol: observational study validating indicators for coverage and quality of maternal and newborn health care in Bangladesh, Nepal and Tanzania.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of global health. - : International Global Health Society. - 2047-2986 .- 2047-2978. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To achieve Sustainable Development Goals and Universal Health Coverage, programmatic data are essential. The Every Newborn Action Plan, agreed by all United Nations member states and >80 development partners, includes an ambitious Measurement Improvement Roadmap. Quality of care at birth is prioritised by both Every Newborn and Ending Preventable Maternal Mortality strategies, hence metrics need to advance from health service contact alone, to content of care. As facility births increase, monitoring using routine facility data in DHIS2 has potential, yet validation research has mainly focussed on maternal recall surveys. The Every Newborn - Birth Indicators Research Tracking in Hospitals (EN-BIRTH) study aims to validate selected newborn and maternal indicators for routine tracking of coverage and quality of facility-based care for use at district, national and global levels.EN-BIRTH is an observational study including >20 000 facility births in three countries (Tanzania, Bangladesh and Nepal) to validate selected indicators. Direct clinical observation will be compared with facility register data and a pre-discharge maternal recall survey for indicators including: uterotonic administration, immediate newborn care, neonatal resuscitation and Kangaroo mother care. Indicators including neonatal infection management and antenatal corticosteroid administration, which cannot be easily observed, will be validated using inpatient records. Trained clinical observers in Labour/Delivery ward, Operation theatre, and Kangaroo mother care ward/areas will collect data using a tablet-based customised data capturing application. Sensitivity will be calculated for numerators of all indicators and specificity for those numerators with adequate information. Other objectives include comparison of denominator options (ie, true target population or surrogates) and quality of care analyses, especially regarding intervention timing. Barriers and enablers to routine recording and data usage will be assessed by data flow assessments, quantitative and qualitative analyses.To our knowledge, this is the first large, multi-country study validating facility-based routine data compared to direct observation for maternal and newborn care, designed to provide evidence to inform selection of a core list of indicators recommended for inclusion in national DHIS2. Availability and use of such data are fundamental to drive progress towards ending the annual 5.5 million preventable stillbirths, maternal and newborn deaths.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Hood, D W, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic basis for expression of the major globotetraose-containing lipopolysaccharide from H-influenzae strain Rd (RM118)
- 2001
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Ingår i: Glycobiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0959-6658 .- 1460-2423. ; 11:11, s. 957-967
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A genetic basis for the biosynthetic assembly of the globotetraose containing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Haemophilus influenzae strain RM118 (Rd) was determined by structural analysis of LPS derived from mutant strains. We have previously shown that the parent strain RM118 elaborates a population of LPS molecules made up of a series of related glycoforms differing in the degree of oligosaccharide chain extension from the distal heptose residue of a conserved phosphorylated inner-core element, L-alpha -D-Hepp-(1-->2)-L-alpha -D-Hepp-(1-->3)-[beta -D-Glcp-(1-->4)-]-L-alpha -D-Hepp-(1-->5)-alpha -Kdo. The fully extended LPS glycoform expresses the globotetraose structure, beta -D-GalpNAc-(1-->3)-alpha -D-Galp(1-->4)-beta -D-Galp-(1-->4)-beta -D-Glcp. A fingerprinting strategy was employed to establish the structure of LPS from strains mutated in putative glycosyltransferase genes compared to the parent strain. This involved glycose and linkage analysis on intact LPS samples and analysis of O-deacylated LPS samples by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and 1D H-1-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Four genes, lpsA, lic2A, lgtC, and lgtD, were required for sequential addition of the glycoses to the terminal inner-core heptose to give the globotetraose structure. lgtC and lgtD were shown to encode glycosyltransferases by enzymatic assays with synthetic acceptor molecules. This is the first genetic blueprint determined for H. influenzae LPS oligosaccharide biosynthesis, identifying genes Involved in the addition of each glycose residue.
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| 9. |
- Khosla, S., et al.
(författare)
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Meta-analysis of peak wall stress in ruptured, symptomatic and intact abdominal aortic aneurysms
- 2014
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 101:11, s. 1350-1357
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an important cause of sudden death; however, there are currently incomplete means to predict the risk of AAA rupture. AAA peak wall stress (PWS) can be estimated using finite element analysis (FEA) methods from computed tomography (CT) scans. The question is whether AAA PWS can predict AAA rupture. The aim of this systematic review was to compare PWS in patients with ruptured and intact AAA. Methods: The MEDLINE database was searched on 25 May 2013. Case-control studies assessing PWS in asymptomatic intact, and acutely symptomatic or ruptured AAA from CT scans using FEA were included. Data were extracted independently. A random-effects model was used to calculate standard mean differences (SMDs) for PWS measurements. Results: Nine studies assessing 348 individuals were identified and used in the meta-analysis. Results from 204 asymptomatic intact and 144 symptomatic or ruptured AAAs showed that PWS was significantly greater in the symptomatic/ruptured AAAs compared with the asymptomatic intact AAAs (SMD 0.95, 95 per cent confidence interval 0. 71 to 1.18; P < 0. 001). The findings remained significant after adjustment for mean systolic blood pressure, standardized at 120 mmHg(SMD 0.68, 0.39 to 0.96; P < 0. 001). Minimal heterogeneity between studies was noted (I-2 = 0 per cent). Conclusion: This study suggests that PWS is greater in symptomatic or ruptured AAA than in asymptomatic intact AAA.
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| 10. |
- Li, J J, et al.
(författare)
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Glycine is a common substituent of the inner core in Haemophilus influenzae lipopolysaccharide
- 2001
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Ingår i: Glycobiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0959-6658 .- 1460-2423. ; 11:12, s. 1009-1015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A survey of both typeable and nontypeable strainsof Haemophilus influenzae indicated that they contain glycine (Gly) in their lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Significant amounts (30-250 pmol Gly/mug LPS) were determined by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography using pulsed amperometric detection after treatment of the LPS with mild alkali. Oligosaccharides obtained from LPS after mild acid hydrolysis and gel filtration chromatography were investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) ESI-MS. In all cases, molecular ions corresponding to the major glycoforms were identified and were accompanied by ions differing by 57 Da, thus indicating the presence of glycine. The position of glycine in these glycoforms was determined by CE-ESI-MS/MS analyses. It was found that, depending on strain, glycine can substitute each of the heptoses of the inner-core element, L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1-->2)-[PEtn-->6]-L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1-->3)-L-alpha-D-Hepp- (1-->5)-alpha-Kdo of H. influenzae LPS as well as Kdo. In some strains, mixtures of monosubstituted Gly-containing glycoforms having different substitution patterns were identified.
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