| 1. |
- Andersson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
-
The impact of advanced vocational education and training on earnings in Sweden
- 2014
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Training and Development. - : Wiley. - 1360-3736 .- 1468-2419. ; 18:4, s. 256-270
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Researchers have established a relationship between greater education and training and higher earnings but it is difficult to infer that the former causes the latter if those with higher earnings tend to engage in more education and training. The present study attempts to control for ability and family background to see if stronger inferences can be made about education and training as the independent variable. The study focuses upon advanced vocational education and training (AVET) in Sweden. This is post-secondary school education for individuals who are 20 years of age or older. The aim of this article is to estimate the effects of AVET on earnings by controlling for selection bias. We used various approaches such as instrumental variables, Hausman–Taylor estimates, fixed effects estimates and propensity score matching to achieve this aim. A panel, or longitudinal, data set for eight different labor markets in Sweden for the period 1996–2008 was used. The results indicate that earnings from AVET are higher than the return on investment in comprehensive education. The average effect on income is estimated to be in the range of 3–8 percent.
|
|
| 2. |
- Backman, Mikaela, et al.
(författare)
-
Mångfald och innovationer i urbana regioner
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Det innovativa Sverige 2. - Stockholm : ESBRI. - 9789197772839 ; , s. 21-39
-
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Internationella jämförelser visar att stora, kunskapsintensiva regioner växer snabbare än mindre regioner. Vad är det som utmärker storstadsregionerna gentemot övriga urbana regioner? Vad är det som gör dem attraktiva? En första tes i detta kapitel är att Sveriges tre storstadsregioner får sin särställning genom mångfald. En andra tes är att förnyad och ökad mångfald i de största stadsregionerna över tiden sprider sig till övriga delar av Sverige. Storstäderna är i sig själva attraktiva platser för innovation och förnyelse, men också ekonomiska motorer för resten av landet.
|
|
| 3. |
- Baum, Christopher, et al.
(författare)
-
A New Approach to Estimation of the R&D-Innovation-Productivity Relationship
- 2015
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We evaluate a Generalized Structural Equation Model (GSEM) approach to the estimation of the relationship between R&D, innovation and productivity that focuses on the potentially crucial heterogeneity across technology and knowledge levels. The model accounts for selectivity and handles the endogeneity of this relationship in a recursive framework. Employing a panel of Swedish firms observed in three consecutive Community Innovation Surveys, our maximum likelihood estimates show that many key channels of influence among the model's components differ meaningfully in their statistical significance and magnitude across sectors defined by different technology levels.
|
|
| 4. |
- Baum, Christopher, et al.
(författare)
-
A new approach to estimation of the R&D–innovation–productivity relationship
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Economics of Innovation and New Technology. - England : Informa UK Limited. - 1043-8599 .- 1476-8364. ; 26:1-2, s. 121-133
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We apply a generalized structural equation model approach to the estimation of the relationship between R&D, innovation and productivity that focuses on the potentially crucial heterogeneity across sectors. The model accounts for selectivity and handles the endogeneity of this relationship in a recursive framework which allows for feedback effects from productivity to future R&D investment. Our approach enables the estimation of the different equations as one system, allowing the coefficients to differ across sectors, and also permits us to take cross-equation correlation of the errors into account. Employing a panel of Swedish manufacturing and service firms observed in three consecutive Community Innovation Surveys in the period 2008–2012, our full-information maximum likelihood estimates show that many key channels of influence among the model's components vary meaningfully in their statistical significance and magnitude across six different sectors based on the OECD classification on technological and knowledge intensity. These results cast doubt on earlier research which does not allow for sectoral heterogeneity.
|
|
| 5. |
- Baum, Christopher F., et al.
(författare)
-
Innovation strategies, external knowledge and productivity growth
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Industry and Innovation. - : ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1366-2716 .- 1469-8390. ; 26:3, s. 348-367
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies firms ' capability to recombine internal and local knowledge. It measures the outcome in terms of total productivity growth. Using Swedish data on commuting time for face-to-face contacts across all 290 municipalities, we employ a time-sensitive approach for calculating localized knowledge within a municipality and and its close neighbors. Internal knowledge is captured by register data on firms' innovation intensity. The two sources of knowledge are modeled in a production function setting by discrete composite variables with different combinations of input factors. Applying the model on Swedish firm level panel data, we find strong evidence of differences in the capacity to benefit from external knowledge among persistent innovators, temporary innovators and non-innovators. The results are consistent regardless of whether innovation efforts are measured in terms of the frequency of patent applications or the level of R&D investment.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Lööf, Hans, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
-
Exporters, Spin-outs and Firm Performance
- 2012
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper analyzes the relationship between exporters, spin-outs and firm performance. A large body of research has shown that exporters perform better than non-exporters. But are also firms spawn out from exporters better than other new firms in terms of survival, productivity and growth? Using a panel of about 2,000 ex-employee starts ups, their parent companies and 10 000 other new firms in Sweden observed over a sequence of 5 years, we provide new evidence on spinouts as a channel of transferring knowledge from exporting firms to new ventures.
|
|
| 8. |
- Lööf, Hans, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Increasing returns to smart cities
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Regional Science Policy & Practice. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1757-7802. ; 5:2, s. 255-262
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased urbanization, global warming and sustainable growth belong to the major contemporary policy challenges. Today cities are home to more than 50 per cent of the world population, the largest 600 urban centres generate about 60 per cent of global GDP, and the agglomerated areas are responsible for 75 per cent of world carbon emissions. The UN estimates that 70 per cent of the world's growing population will live in cities by 2050. At the same time the world population is expected to increase from 7 billion people to 9 billion. Thus, the total number of people living in cities will be almost doubled within a period of less than 4 decades. This paper discusses two hypotheses on how this will affect climate change and economic growth.
|
|
| 9. |
- Lööf, Hans, et al.
(författare)
-
Innovation and credit constraints : evidence from Swedish exporting firms
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Economics of Innovation and New Technology. - : Routledge. - 1043-8599 .- 1476-8364. ; 25:3, s. 269-282
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using data from approximately 8300, primarily small, exporting firms in Sweden observed over the business cycle period 1997–2007, we examine the relationship between innovation and financial factors in a regression that include changes in cash holdings, cash flow and debt issues. Our nonlinear econometric approach with interaction variables between recession period, technology intensity and finance suggests that innovative firms in high-tech sectors tend to offset the effect of a negative financial shock by exploiting internal cash resources. No corresponding link between innovation and financial factors is found for medium and low-technology exporters.
|
|
| 10. |
- Lööf, Hans, et al.
(författare)
-
Innovation, Spillovers and Productivity Growth : A Dynamic Panel Data Approach
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper examines variation in productivity growth within a given lo-cation and between dierent locations. Implementing a dynamic paneldata approach on Swedish micro data, we test the separate and comple-mentary eect of internal innovation eorts and spillovers from the localmilieu. Measuring the potential knowledge spillover by access to knowl-edge intensive services, the estimation results produce strong evidence ofdierences in the capacity to benet from external knowledge among per-sistent innovators, temporary innovators and non-innovators. The resultsare consistent regardless of whether innovation eorts are measured interms of the frequency of patent applications or R&D investments.
|
|
