| 1. |
- Callaghan, T. V., et al.
(author)
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Arctic Cryosphere: Changes and Impacts
- 2011
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In: Ambio: a Journal of Human Environment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447. ; 40, s. 3-5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Arctic cryosphere is a critically important component of the earth system, affecting the earth's energy balance, sea level, greenhouse gases and atmospheric circulation, transport of heat through ocean circulation, ecology and human resource use and well-being. The Arctic cryosphere is, however, changing rapidly with multiple important consequences that will potentially affect the earth system including the human population. The drivers of changes in the Arctic's cryosphere, the recent and projected changes in the cryosphere and the consequences for future climate warming, sea level rise, ecology and human well-being, have been comprehensively assessed by the Arctic Council's Snow Water, Ice, and Permafrost in the Arctic (SWIPA) Project through its Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme Working Group. This article introduces the assessment and the associated papers within a special issue of the journal Ambio that extract and present some of the major findings of the SWIPA report.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Prowse, T., et al.
(author)
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Arctic Freshwater Synthesis : Summary of key emerging issues
- 2015
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In: Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences. - 2169-8953 .- 2169-8961. ; 120:10, s. 1887-1893
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In response to a joint request from the World Climate Research Program's Climate and Cryosphere Project, the International Arctic Science Committee, and the Arctic Council's Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program an updated scientific assessment has been conducted of the Arctic Freshwater System (AFS), entitled the Arctic Freshwater Synthesis (AFS(sigma)). The major reason behind the joint request was an increasing concern that changes to the AFS have produced, and could produce even greater, changes to biogeophysical and socioeconomic systems of special importance to northern residents and also produce extra-Arctic climatic effects that will have global consequences. The AFS(sigma) was structured around six key thematic areas: atmosphere, oceans, terrestrial hydrology, terrestrial ecology, resources, and modeling, the review of each coauthored by an international group of scientists and published as separate manuscripts in this special issue of Journal of Geophysical Research-Biogeosciences. This AFS(sigma) summary manuscript reviews key issues that emerged during the conduct of the synthesis, especially those that are cross-thematic in nature, and identifies future research required to address such issues.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bengtsson, Lars, et al.
(author)
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Cold climate hydrology in Sweden
- 1994
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In: Northern Hydrology International Perspectives. ; NHRI Science 3, s. 109-127
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 7. |
- Bengtsson, Lars, et al.
(author)
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Environmental effects of river ice in Sweden
- 1993
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In: Proceedings of the 9th International Northern Research Basins Symposium/Workshop : 14-22 August 1992, Whitehorse, Dawson City, Eagle Plains, Yukon, Inuvik, Northwest Territories - 14-22 August 1992, Whitehorse, Dawson City, Eagle Plains, Yukon, Inuvik, Northwest Territories. - 0660147653 ; 2, s. 875-884
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 8. |
- Bring, Arvid, et al.
(author)
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Arctic terrestrial hydrology : A synthesis of processes, regional effects, and research challenges
- 2016
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In: Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences. - 2169-8953 .- 2169-8961. ; 121:3, s. 621-649
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Terrestrial hydrology is central to the Arctic system and its freshwater circulation. Water transport and water constituents vary, however, across a very diverse geography. In this paper, which is a component of the Arctic Freshwater Synthesis, we review the central freshwater processes in the terrestrial Arctic drainage and how they function and change across seven hydrophysiographical regions (Arctic tundra, boreal plains, shield, mountains, grasslands, glaciers/ice caps, and wetlands). We also highlight links between terrestrial hydrology and other components of the Arctic freshwater system. In terms of key processes, snow cover extent and duration is generally decreasing on a pan-Arctic scale, but snow depth is likely to increase in the Arctic tundra. Evapotranspiration will likely increase overall, but as it is coupled to shifts in landscape characteristics, regional changes are uncertain and may vary over time. Streamflow will generally increase with increasing precipitation, but high and low flows may decrease in some regions. Continued permafrost thaw will trigger hydrological change in multiple ways, particularly through increasing connectivity between groundwater and surface water and changing water storage in lakes and soils, which will influence exchange of moisture with the atmosphere. Other effects of hydrological change include increased risks to infrastructure and water resource planning, ecosystem shifts, and growing flows of water, nutrients, sediment, and carbon to the ocean. Coordinated efforts in monitoring, modeling, and processing studies at various scales are required to improve the understanding of change, in particular at the interfaces between hydrology, atmosphere, ecology, resources, and oceans.
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