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- Gu, Hongchang, et al.
(författare)
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Domestication affects sex-biased gene expression evolution in the duck
- 2023
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Ingår i: Royal Society Open Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2054-5703. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genes with sex-biased expression are thought to underlie sexually dimorphic phenotypes and are therefore subject to different selection pressures in males and females. Many authors have proposed that sexual conflict leads to the evolution of sex-biased expression, which allows males and females to reach separate phenotypic and fitness optima. The selection pressures associated with domestication may cause changes in population architectures and mating systems, which in turn can alter their direction and strength. We compared sex-biased expression and genetic signatures in wild and domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchos), and observed changes of sexual selection and identified the genomic divergence affected by selection forces. The extent of sex-biased expression in both sexes is positively correlated with the level of both d(N)/d(S) and nucleotide diversity. This observed changing pattern may mainly be owing to relaxed genetic constraints. We also demonstrate a clear link between domestication and sex-biased evolutionary rate in a comparative framework. Decreased polymorphism and evolutionary rate in domesticated populations generally matched life-history phenotypes known to experience artificial selection. Taken together, our work suggests the important implications of domestication in sex-biased evolution and the roles of artificial selection and sexual selection for shaping the diversity and evolutionary rate of the genome.
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| 2. |
- Nilsson, Per H., et al.
(författare)
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Autoregulation of thromboinflammation on biomaterial surfaces by a multicomponent therapeutic coating
- 2013
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Ingår i: Biomaterials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0142-9612 .- 1878-5905. ; 34:4, s. 985-994
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Activation of the thrombotic and complement systems is the main recognition and effector mechanisms in the multiple adverse biological responses triggered when biomaterials or therapeutic cells come into blood contact. We have created a surface which is auto-protective to human innate immunity by combining three fundamentally different strategies, all developed by us previously, which have been shown to induce substantial, but incomplete hemocompatibility when used separately. In summary, we have conjugated a factor H-binding peptide; and an ADP-degrading enzyme; using a PEG linker on both material and cellular surfaces. When exposed to human whole blood, factor H was specifically recruited to the modified surfaces and inhibited complement attack. In addition, activation of platelets and coagulation was efficiently attenuated, by degrading ADP. Thus, by inhibiting thromboinflammation using a multicomponent approach, we have created a hybrid surface with the potential to greatly reduce incompatibility reactions involving biomaterials and transplantation.
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