| 1. |
- Lumsden, A, et al.
(författare)
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Neurobiology.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Neurobiology. - 0959-4388 .- 1873-6882. ; 11:3, s. 259-66
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Iacomussi, P, et al.
(författare)
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Metrology of Road Surface for Smart Lighting
- 2017
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGSOF THE LUX EUROPA 2017 European Lighting Conference. - Ljubljana. - 9789619373347 ; , s. 103-107
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The knowledge of the luminance coefficient q or of the reduced luminance coefficient r of road surface is an unavoidable requirement for designing road lighting installations able to assure adequate road luminance for visual conditions, energy consumption and traffic safety according to standard requirements. Unfortunately q available data refers to measurements made during the seventies with no traceability or measurement uncertainty. In the last 40 years the road surfaces pavements evolved as well the road lighting sources and luminaires. EMPIR project SURFACE will provide validated, optimised and reliable geometrical conditions for the measurement of q as well as reference data representative of current road pavements and future needs, as support of the European Standardisation process, CIE and European Metrology infrastructure.
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| 3. |
- Muzet, V, et al.
(författare)
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Review of road surface photometry methods and devices – Proposal for new measurement geometries
- 2021
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Ingår i: Lighting Research and Technology. - : SAGE Publications Ltd STM. - 1477-1535 .- 1477-0938. ; 53:3, s. 213-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Specifications concerning road lighting and photometry of road surfaces were established more than 50 years ago. Road lighting design and road marking visibility were developed for vehicle driving. The observation distance defined by standards corresponds to interurban applications; however, within Europe these areas do not tend to be lit. The objective of the SURFACE project is to propose new geometries for the photometric characterisation of pavements, both adapted to different urban travel modes and new lighting technologies. This article reviews the available guidelines, standards, measuring devices and literature regarding geometries and road lighting applications, and presents the project SURFACE analysis and proposal. The SURFACE consortium recommends adding several new angles for different driving conditions and road users; 2.29° for urban environments and consistency with road marking standard, and 1° for extra-urban environment and consistency with previous geometries. A 5° angle, corresponding to 17-m viewing distance, could be an interesting compromise, suitable for urban driving at low speed, cycling and for scooters. The angles of 10° and 20° are under consideration for describing the boundary between diffuse and specular behaviour.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Galli, Stephen J, et al.
(författare)
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Approaches for analyzing the roles of mast cells and their proteases in vivo
- 2015
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Ingår i: Advances in Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0065-2776 .- 1557-8445. ; 126, s. 45-127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The roles of mast cells in health and disease remain incompletely understood. While the evidence that mast cells are critical effector cells in IgE-dependent anaphylaxis and other acute IgE-mediated allergic reactions seems unassailable, studies employing various mice deficient in mast cells or mast cell-associated proteases have yielded divergent conclusions about the roles of mast cells or their proteases in certain other immunological responses. Such "controversial" results call into question the relative utility of various older versus newer approaches to ascertain the roles of mast cells and mast cell proteases in vivo. This review discusses how both older and more recent mouse models have been used to investigate the functions of mast cells and their proteases in health and disease. We particularly focus on settings in which divergent conclusions about the importance of mast cells and their proteases have been supported by studies that employed different models of mast cell or mast cell protease deficiency. We think that two major conclusions can be drawn from such findings: (1) no matter which models of mast cell or mast cell protease deficiency one employs, the conclusions drawn from the experiments always should take into account the potential limitations of the models (particularly abnormalities affecting cell types other than mast cells) and (2) even when analyzing a biological response using a single model of mast cell or mast cell protease deficiency, details of experimental design are critical in efforts to define those conditions under which important contributions of mast cells or their proteases can be identified.
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| 6. |
- Hirel, C., et al.
(författare)
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The cyano nitronyl nitroxide radical: Experimental and theoretical evidence for the fourth case of the McConnell-I mechanism
- 2002
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Ingår i: Chemistry-a European Journal. ; 8:14, s. 3157-3161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nitronyl nitroxide 2-cyano-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (1) crystallises in the tetragonal P (4) over bar2(1)m space group with a = 7.4050(7), c = 8.649(1) Angstrom. In the crystal the molecules form layers parallel to the ab plane in which they are orthogonal to each other. In the layers there are close contacts, 2.953(2) Angstrom, between the NO groups and the bridging carbon atoms of the O-N-C-N-O fragment of neighbouring radicals. The calculated spin density shows a positive population mainly and equally localised on the NO groups and small but significant negative spin densities on the bridging carbon atom and the cyano nitrogen. Absorption spectra show temperature-dependent transitions related to the magnetic behaviour. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility in the range 2-300 K reveals that couplings between the radicals are antiferromagnetic, and is interpreted by considering a two-dimensional square array of spin S = 1/2 antiferromagnetically coupled (J = -10 cm(-1) and g = 2.01). This is interpreted as an exchange coupling through close contact between positive and negative spin densities in orthogonal orbitals on oxygen and carbon atoms, respectively.
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| 7. |
- Jutzi, D, et al.
(författare)
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Aberrant interaction of FUS with the U1 snRNA provides a molecular mechanism of FUS induced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1, s. 6341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mutations in the RNA-binding protein Fused in Sarcoma (FUS) cause early-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, a detailed understanding of central RNA targets of FUS and their implications for disease remain elusive. Here, we use a unique blend of crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP) and NMR spectroscopy to identify and characterise physiological and pathological RNA targets of FUS. We find that U1 snRNA is the primary RNA target of FUS via its interaction with stem-loop 3 and provide atomic details of this RNA-mediated mode of interaction with the U1 snRNP. Furthermore, we show that ALS-associated FUS aberrantly contacts U1 snRNA at the Sm site with its zinc finger and traps snRNP biogenesis intermediates in human and murine motor neurons. Altogether, we present molecular insights into a FUS toxic gain-of-function involving direct and aberrant RNA-binding and strengthen the link between two motor neuron diseases, ALS and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).
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| 8. |
- Miller, Rachael, et al.
(författare)
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Socio-ecological correlates of neophobia in corvids
- 2022
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Ingår i: Current Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-9822. ; 32:1, s. 4-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Behavioral responses to novelty, including fear and subsequent avoidance of novel stimuli, i.e., neophobia, determine how animals interact with their environment. Neophobia aids in navigating risk and impacts on adaptability and survival. There is variation within and between individuals and species; however, lack of large-scale, comparative studies critically limits investigation of the socio-ecological drivers of neophobia. In this study, we tested responses to novel objects and food (alongside familiar food) versus a baseline (familiar food alone) in 10 corvid species (241 subjects) across 10 labs worldwide. There were species differences in the latency to touch familiar food in the novel object and novel food conditions relative to the baseline. Four of seven socio-ecological factors influenced object neophobia: (1) use of urban habitat (versus not), (2) territorial pair versus family group sociality, (3) large versus small maximum flock size, and (4) moderate versus specialized caching (whereas range, hunting live animals, and genus did not), while only maximum flock size influenced food neophobia. We found that, overall, individuals were temporally and contextually repeatable (i.e., consistent) in their novelty responses in all conditions, indicating neophobia is a stable behavioral trait. With this study, we have established a network of corvid researchers, demonstrating potential for further collaboration to explore the evolution of cognition in corvids and other bird species. These novel findings enable us, for the first time in corvids, to identify the socio-ecological correlates of neophobia and grant insight into specific elements that drive higher neophobic responses in this avian family group. Video abstract: [Figure presented]
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| 9. |
- Reber, A, et al.
(författare)
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The expression and impact of antifungal grooming in ants.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Evolutionary Biology. - : Wiley. - 1010-061X .- 1420-9101. ; 24:5, s. 954-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Parasites can cause extensive damage to animal societies in which many related individuals frequently interact. In response, social animals have evolved diverse individual and collective defences. Here, we measured the expression and efficiency of self-grooming and allo-grooming when workers of the ant Formica selysi were contaminated with spores of the fungal entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae. The amount of self-grooming increased in the presence of fungal spores, which shows that the ants are able to detect the risk of infection. In contrast, the amount of allo-grooming did not depend on fungal contamination. Workers groomed all nestmate workers that were re-introduced into their groups. The amount of allo-grooming towards noncontaminated individuals was higher when the group had been previously exposed to the pathogen. Allo-grooming decreased the number of fungal spores on the surface of contaminated workers, but did not prevent infection in the conditions tested (high dose of spores and late allo-grooming). The rate of disease transmission to groomers and other nestmates was extremely low. The systematic allo-grooming of all individuals returning to the colony, be they contaminated or not, is probably a simple but robust prophylactic defence preventing the spread of fungal diseases in insect societies.
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| 10. |
- Reber, Stephan Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Crocodilia Communication
- 2018
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Ingår i: Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319478296
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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