| 1. |
- Macedo, António Filipe, Senior Lecturer, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of problems reported on the EQ-5D-3L dimensions among people with impaired vision in northern Portugal
- 2022
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Ingår i: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1477-7525. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:The EQ-5D index often fails to detect the effect of ophthalmic diseases and sight loss. Investigating predictors of individual EQ-5D health dimensions might reveal the underlying reasons. The aim of this study was to investigate predictors of health dimension ratings obtained with the EQ-5D-3L from participants with impaired vision representing a spectrum of eye diseases.Methods: Observational cross-sectional study with participants recruited at four public hospitals in Portugal. Outpatients with visual acuity of 0.30 logMAR(6/12) or worse in the better-seeing eye were invited to participate. Participants completed two instruments: the EQ-5D-3L (measures participants’ perceived health-related quality-of-life) and the Massof Activity Inventory (measures visual ability–ability to perform vision-related activities). This study used logistic regression models to identify factors associated with responses to the EQ-5D-3L.Results: The study included 492 participants, mean age 63.4 years (range = 18–93), 50% females. The most common diagnosis was diabetic retinopathy (37%). The mean visual acuity in the better seeing eye was 0.65 logMAR (SD = 0.48) and the mean visual ability was 0.62 logits (SD = 2.04), the correlation between the two was r = − 0.511 (p < 0.001). Mobility and self-care were the health dimensions with the fewest problems (1% reported extreme problems), anxiety and depression the dimension with the most problems (24% reported extreme problems). ROC curve analysis showed that the EQ-5D index was a poor predictor of cases of vision impairment whilst visual ability given was a good predictor of cases of vision impairment. Visual ability was an independent predictor of the response for all dimensions, higher ability was always associated with a reduced odds of reporting problems. The odds of reporting problems were increased for females in 3 out of 5 dimensions. Comorbidities, visual acuity and age-category were predictors of the odds of reporting problems for one dimension each.Conclusions: The odds of reporting problems for the five health dimensions of the EQ-5D-3L were strongly influenced by the ability to perform vision-related activities (visual ability). The EQ-5D index showed poor performance at detecting vision impairment. These findings are informative and relevant for the clinic and for research evaluating the impact of eye diseases and disease treatments in ophthalmology.
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| 2. |
- Becker, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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Selfcare Strategies Shown to Be Useful in Daily Life for Adults Diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder – A Systematic Review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Issues in Mental Health Nursing. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0161-2840 .- 1096-4673. ; 44:9, s. 825-833
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adults with ADHD experience a wide range of difficulties in daily life, and RNs and other healthcare professionals need to know how to support them. The aim was to conduct a systematic review of which selfcare strategies adults with ADHD use and need in order to manage daily life. A literature review based on the PRISMA model was performed, and seven articles with a qualitative design were found. Data were analyzed with thematic analysis. The analysis generated one major theme Enabling ways to manage the consequences of disability in daily life based on three subthemes; Establishing ways of acting to help yourself, Finding encouraging and helping relationships, and Using external aids for managing daily life. Professionals may benefit from knowing about these selfcare strategies when meeting people with ADHD.
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| 3. |
- Gunnarsson, Helena E. M., 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Different pain variables could independently predict anxiety and depression in subjects with chronic musculoskeletal pain
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Pain. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1877-8860 .- 1877-8879. ; 21:2, s. 274-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Chronic, clinical pain states are often accompanied by distress such as anxiety and depression. The aim of this study was to determine if certain clinical pain variables could predict the level of anxiety and depression in subjects with musculoskeletal pain.Methods: Two multiple linear regression analyses were conducted on a sample consisting of 189 subjects with clinical pain with the independent pain variables of pain intensity, the influence of pain on daily activities, pain persistence, pain duration, and the number of pain locations. The dependent variables measured anxiety and depression, respectively.Result: Two statistically significant models were found, where the predicted variables accounted for 37.0% of the variability in the anxiety levels and 43.7% of the variability in the depression levels. The independent variable, the influence of pain on daily activities, significantly predicted the level of anxiety. The variables, the influence of pain on daily activities and the number of pain locations, significantly predicted the levels of anxiety and depression.Conclusions: This study showed that two different independent variables, the influence of pain on daily activities and the number of pain locations, significantly predicted the levels of depression. The predictor, the influence of pain on daily activities, significantly predicted the levels of anxiety. The knowledge gained about which specific pain variables are more likely to coexist with anxiety and depression in clinical pain states could be important in implementing holistic treatment plans for chronic pain.
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| 4. |
- Higginbottom, Gina, et al.
(författare)
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Access to Primary Health Care by New and Established Immigrants in Canada
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Family Medicine & Community Health. - : JSciMed Central. - 2379-0547. ; 2:5, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To investigate barriers related to access to primary health care by new andestablished immigrants in a western Canadian province.Background: The immigrant population continues to rise in Canada; butimpediments to the access of immigrants to primary health care may be threateningtheir health and well-being.Methods: In total, 12 new and established immigrants participated in our focusedethnographic study. Data obtained from semi-structured interviews was analysed usingthe framework of Roper and Shapira assisted by the use of ATLAS.ti the qualitativeanalysis software package.Findings: We identified four main factors that create barriers to access ofprimary health care services: (1) information barriers that impede navigation of thehealth care system by immigrants; (2) communication barriers arising from languagedifficulties and cultural differences; (3) socioeconomic barriers that make medicalexpenses unaffordable and the provision of services inequitable; and (4) negativeprior experiences that discourage further use of services. We reveal that Canadianprimary health care, although universally available, does not necessarily provideequitable care to new and established immigrants because they face considerablebarriers in accessing and navigating these services.
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| 5. |
- Hultsjö, Sally, et al.
(författare)
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“Cultural awareness requires more than theoretical education” : nursing students’ experiences
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nurse Education in Practice. - : Elsevier. - 1471-5953 .- 1873-5223. ; 39, s. 73-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cultural awareness in healthcare providers is considered one of the most important factors in improving the efficiency and quality of care in a diverse population. Thus, education in cultural awareness needs to be an essential component in nursing education. This study, which uses a qualitative design, aimed to investigate cultural awareness in nursing students in Sweden. Focus groups were used to collect data from 12 students. Three categories were identified as follows after qualitative data analysis of the interviews: 1) desire to learn, 2) learning by doing and 3) caring beyond boundaries. The result clearly indicates that students are willing to learn more about how to care for people with different cultural backgrounds. However, this learning is not always available in official lecture-based education. In fact, most awareness about cultural aspects of healthcare is developed from practice and informal education.Finally, the result also revealed the importance of nurses being able to see the individual beyond the culture, and being aware of their own prejudice. In conclusion, education offers limited opportunities for nursing students to become culturally aware. Nursing education can be improved by strengthening both theoretical and practical tasks involving cultural awareness.
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| 6. |
- Lindqvist, Gunilla, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Nursing students' perceptions of their verbal and social interaction skills in Sweden and China during their first semester
- 2022
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Ingår i: Quality Advancement in Nursing Education QANEAFI. - : bepress. - 2368-6669. ; 8:1, s. 1-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: This study aimed to investigate the similarities and differences related to verbal and social interaction skills between nursing students attending universities in Sweden and China, two countries with different educational systems, during the students’ first semester.Background: Nurses need a high level of interaction skills in order to interact effectively with patients and their families. Thus, practical nursing education focusing on clinical skills is essential.Method: Students at one university in Sweden and two universities in China completed the Verbal and Social Interactions for Nursing Students (VSI-NS) questionnaire.Results: The students perceived ‘Building a caring relationship’ and ‘Caring towards health and well-being’ as the most frequently occurring and important types of caring interactions. The students perceived that talking with a patient about his/her feelings and thoughts was the least frequently occurring and least important type of caring interaction.Conclusion: The students appear to understand from the initial phase of their education that the caring relationship and the patients’ health and well-being will be the major focus of their role as nurses.
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| 7. |
- Rask, Mikael, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of the verbal and social interaction questionnaire for nursing students : The focus of nursing students in their relationship with patients
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Education and Practice. - : Sciedu Press. - 1925-4040 .- 1925-4059. ; 8:4, s. 81-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Verbal and Social Interaction Nursing Students questionnaire (VSI-NS) has been created to measure the development ofverbal, social and interactional skills of nursing students with patients, from their perspective in nursing care. The aim of thepresent study was to determine the construct validity and internal consistency reliability of the questionnaire. The study had amethodological and developmental design and was carried out in four steps: adjustment of the items, face validity, data collectionand data analysis. The number of items was reduced from 48 to 31. The factor analysis of the final 31 items resulted in four quitedistinct factors: “Inviting to talk about feelings and thoughts”, “Building a caring relationship”, “Encouraging social and practicalaspects in daily life” and “Caring towards health and wellbeing”. The results showed satisfactory psychometric properties interms of content validity, construct validity and the internal consistency reliability of the questionnaire. It could be concluded thatthe original conceptual model could serve as a theoretical foundation to explain and understand nurses’ caring interactions withtheir patients
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| 8. |
- Safipour, Jalal, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Experience of Education in the International Classroom : A Systematic Literature Review
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of International Students. - : Nepalese Student Association at University of Louisiana at Monroe. - 2162-3104 .- 2166-3750. ; 7:3, s. 806-824
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this essay, we investigate the learning and teaching experiences in the international classroom from both the teachers and the students’ perspectives. The findings of this study showed that language barriers are one of the difficulties, but academic cultural differences seem to play a more important role that can impact on the learning outcomes in the international classroom. This can also lead to negative experiences and the forming of stereotypical views of international students solely based on their educational background.
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| 9. |
- Safipour, Jalal, 1976-
(författare)
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On the use of theories in study of personal health behavior during epidemics/pandemics
- 2020
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Ingår i: SunKrist Sociology and Research Journal. - : SunKrist Publishing. ; 1:2, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Communicable diseases pass all the geographical and political boundaries as a result of globalization, population movement, and international trade regime. Every year, the WHO publishes a long list of new disease outbreaks. Thus, Covid-19 is not the last and the only disease that requires adjustment in health behavior and public participation. During an epidemic/pandemic, different countries design new and different public health measures to protect their own population. However, people may choose to follow these new policies or ignore them. Choosing to ignore them jeopardizes the effect of new public health policies and counteracts all the efforts of healthcare providers. This theoretical paper attempts to provide a theoretical foundation for personal health behaviors during an epidemic/pandemic by providing evidence from the current Covid-19 outbreak. This paper covers the main theoretical aspects from the epidemiological transition decision-making process, health belief model, optimism bias, conspiracy theory and trust, stigmatization and super-spreader, and social determinates of health in three levels (from individual level to social and contextual level), which can allow us to understand personal health behavior during epidemics/pandemics.
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