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- Bratt, Ewa-Lena, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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New kid on the block? Community nurses' experiences of caring for sick children at home
- 2014
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Ingår i: American Academy of Nursing 2014 Transforming Health, Driving Policy Conference held from October 16 - 18 2014. Washington, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim: To investigate the experiences of community nurses regarding caring for sick children at home, since this is a growing population of patients in community care, and most community nurses do not have an extensive experience in caring for sick children. Methods: Using a qualitative, descriptive design, in-depth interviews were conducted with twelve nurses working in community healthcare in Sweden. Qualitative content analysis was used. Results: “To feel confident in order to create confidence” was key in nurses’ experiences. Two main themes emerged: ”to build a trusting relationship with the family" and "to feel confident in the role as caregivers". Nurses aimed at creating a trusting nursing relationship and working closely with parents. The feeling of confidence in their role as caregivers depended of the support that nurses received and the knowledge that they have. Six subthemes emerged: “the importance of adequate knowledge”; “to handle the emotional reactions”; “need for support and guidance”; “collaborating with family”; “thoroughly planned visits”; and “communicating with the whole family”. Conclusion: Many community nurses felt insecure to care for children at home. However, they experienced this as manageable when receiving peer support and when there is a distinct collaboration with the pediatric clinic/hospital. A need for guidance and education was expressed. Policy implications: The ongoing shift from hospital to home urges pediatric clinics/hospitals and community healthcare to develop formal policies of transmural collaboration to train and support home nurses for delivering adequate care to sick children and their families at home, and safeguard good outcomes.
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- Josefsson, Sarah, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Capping efficiency of various carbonaceous and mineral materials for in situ remediation of marine sediments contaminated with PCDD/Fs, OCS and HCB
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The efficiency of various thin-layer capping materials in reducing the sediment-to-water flux and benthic organism bioaccumulation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and octachlorostyrene (OCS) was investigated in a boxcosm experiment. The influence of cap layer thickness (0.5-5 cm) and different cap materials were tested using a three-factor experimental design. The capping materials consisted of a passive carrier (coarse or fine limestone material, or a marine clay sediment), and an active material (activated carbon (AC) or kraft lignin) to sequester the contaminants and decrease their bioavailability. Macrofauna was added to the boxes to get a semi-natural bioturbation. The sediment-to-water flux was measured using passive (SPMD) samplers, and the bioaccumulation by the surface-dwelling gastropod Hinia reticulata and the deep-burrowing polychaetes Nereis spp. was determined. Results showed substantial decreases in both flux and bioaccumulation as a result of thin-layer capping. The thickness of the capping layer and the choice of active material were important factors, while the use of different types of passive materials was not statistically significant for any of the observed endpoints. Flux and bioaccumulation decreased with increased cap thickness, and could be further decreased with addition of active material. Activated carbon was more efficient than lignin, and a ~90% reduction of the flux and bioaccumulation, compared to uncapped control sediment, could be achieved with 3 cm caps with 3.3% AC (g C/g ww clay). The reduction was generally larger in the surface-dwelling H. reticulata than in Nereis spp., and the magnitude of the reduction was frequently similar between Nereis spp. and sediment-to-water fluxes. The latter was interpreted to indicate a link between Nereis spp. bioirrigation and sediment-to-water fluxes. Furthermore, the reduction in sediment-to-water flux was dependent on the hydrophobicity of the congeners, with less hydrophobic congeners achieving a larger reduction than more hydrophobic congeners.
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- Josefsson, Sarah, et al.
(författare)
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Capping Efficiency of Various Carbonaceous and Mineral Materials for In Situ Remediation of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran Contaminated Marine Sediments : Sediment-to-Water Fluxes and Bioaccumulation in Boxcosm Tests
- 2012
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 46:6, s. 3343-3351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The efficiency of thin-layer capping in reducing sediment-to-water fluxes and bioaccumulation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, hexachlorobenzene, and octachlorostyrene was investigated in a boxcosm experiment. The influence of cap thickness (0.5-5 cm) and different cap materials was tested using a three-factor experimental design. The cap materials consisted of a passive material (coarse or fine limestone or a marine clay) and an active material (activated carbon (AC) or kraft lignin) to sequester the contaminants. The cap thickness and the type of active material were significant factors, whereas no statistically significant effects of the type of passive material were observed. Sediment-to-water fluxes and bioaccumulation by the two test species, the surface-dwelling Nassarius nitidus and the deep-burrowing Nereis spp., decreased with increased cap thickness and with addition of active material. Activated carbon was more efficient than lignin, and a ∼90% reduction of fluxes and bioaccumulation was achieved with 3 cm caps with 3.3% AC. Small increases in fluxes with increased survival of Nereis spp. indicated that bioturbation by Nereis spp. affected the fluxes.
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- Lewis, Makayla, et al.
(författare)
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Is it Art, is it HCI? Exploring Tensions Between Practice and Research
- 2023
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Ingår i: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings. ; CHI 2023
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Art has the weight of our history as a people behind it, whilst in comparison, Human-Computer Interaction is relatively young. Artistic practice is a propeller of the innovations within HCI but works in this area often focus on the user study, the interaction, or the need for empirical evaluation. The plurality and tensions in art practice clash with this focus. Arts need not define the beholder as a 'user', but the addition of interaction and technology challenges its purpose. Aesthetics in isolation is not seen as impactful output, but as we investigate ways to bring art and HCI together, should we not focus on process and influence? This panel brings together a diverse group of artists, designers, practitioners, makers, and researchers, focusing on the challenges and variety of approaches in this space. The aim is to build dialogue to encourage a plurality of practices and creative responses in HCI.
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- Pennay, Amy, et al.
(författare)
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“There’s a lot of stereotypes going on” : A cross-national qualitative analysis of the place of gender in declining youth drinking
- 2022
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Ingår i: International journal of drug policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0955-3959 .- 1873-4758. ; 108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Significant declines in drinking among young people have been recorded in many high-income countries over the past 20 years. This analysis explored the role of gender – which we interpret as socially constructed and relational – to provide insight into whether and how gender might be implicated in declining youth drinking.Methods: Interview data from four independent qualitative studies from Australia, Denmark, Sweden and the UK (n=194; participants aged 15-19 years) were analysed by researchers in each country following agreement about analytical focus. Findings were collated by the lead author in a process of ‘qualitative synthesis’ which involved successive rounds of data synthesis and feedback from the broader research team.Findings: Our analysis raised two notable points in relation to the role of gender in declining youth drinking. The first concerned the consistency and vehemence across three of the countries at which drinkers and states of intoxication were pejoratively described in gendered terms (e.g., bitchy, sleazy). The second related to the opportunities non- and light-drinking offered for expressing alternate and desirable configurations of femininities and masculinities.Conclusions: We identified an intolerance towards regressive constructions of gender that emphasise weakness for women and strength for men and a valorisation of gendered expressions of maturity through controlled drinking. Though subtle differences in gendered drinking practices between and within countries were observed, our findings offer insight into how young people’s enactions of gender are embedded in, and evolve alongside, these large declines in youth drinking.
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- Samuelsson, Anne-Maj, et al.
(författare)
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VEGF-B hypertrophy predisposes to transition from diastolic to systolic heart failure in hypertensive rats.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cardiovascular research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1755-3245 .- 0008-6363. ; 119:7, s. 1553-1567
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cardiac energy metabolism is centrally involved in heart failure (HF), although the direction of the metabolic alterations is complex and likely dependent on the particular stage of HF progression. Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) has been shown to modulate metabolic processes and to induce physiological cardiac hypertrophy; thus, it could be cardioprotective in the failing myocardium. This study investigates the role of VEGF-B in cardiac proteomic and metabolic adaptation in HF during aldosterone and high-salt hypertensive challenges.Male rats overexpressing the cardiac-specific VEGF-B transgene (VEGF-B TG) were treated for 3 or 6 weeks with deoxycorticosterone-acetate combined with a high-salt (HS) diet (DOCA + HS) to induce hypertension and cardiac damage. Extensive longitudinal echocardiographic studies of HF progression were conducted, starting at baseline. Sham-treated rats served as controls. To evaluate the metabolic alterations associated with HF, cardiac proteomics by mass spectrometry was performed. Hypertrophic non-treated VEGF-B TG hearts demonstrated high oxygen and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) demand with early onset of diastolic dysfunction. Administration of DOCA + HS to VEGF-B TG rats for 6 weeks amplified the progression from cardiac hypertrophy to HF, with a drastic drop in heart ATP concentration. Dobutamine stress echocardiographic analyses uncovered a significantly impaired systolic reserve. Mechanistically, the hallmark of the failing TG heart was an abnormal energy metabolism with decreased mitochondrial ATP, preceding the attenuated cardiac performance and leading to systolic HF.This study shows that the VEGF-B TG accelerates metabolic maladaptation which precedes structural cardiomyopathy in experimental hypertension and ultimately leads to systolic HF.
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