| 1. |
- Grinberg, Adam, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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An electroencephalography-based approach to evaluate movement-related anxiety in physically active adults and following anterior cruciate ligament injury
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Psychophysiological consequences often persist following musculoskeletal trauma and can result in vastly decreased quality of life. Re-injury anxiety is particularly common among individuals following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Existing assessments of re-injury anxiety are, however, restricted to subjective suboptimal questionnaires, which may result in under-reporting and thus poorer injury management. We propose a novel approach to objectively quantify arousal response to movement-related anxiety. A new experimental paradigm was implemented to induce and record a conditioned electrophysiological response to a sudden perturbation, experienced to be potentially injurious.Objective: To explore the feasibility of detecting anxiety-associated electrocortical response and to evaluate its discriminative ability between asymptomatic individuals and those who had experienced an ACL injury.Methods: Physically-active asymptomatic persons and individuals post-ACL reconstruction stood blindfolded on a perturbation platform capable of generating high-acceleration translations (1.5 m/s2). Auditory stimuli were repeatedly presented in four-second intervals, as either low- or high-frequency tones. Half of the high-frequency tones were followed 1.5 seconds later by a destabilizing perturbation in one of eight randomized directions. The two tone conditions were thus termed ‘Neutral’ and ‘Anxiety’, as the high-frequency tone was intended to invoke an arousal response in anticipation of a potential perturbation. Event-related potentials (ERP) were computed for nine electrodes by averaging 100 Neutral and 100 Anxiety trials. Significant ERP components were identified using functional data analysis. Paired difference-waves’ amplitudes (Neutral - Anxiety) were compared between groups.Results: ERP correlates of anxiety were detected for both groups in frontal and central midline locations, with an observable contingent negative variation (CNV) from 500 ms post-stimulus in Anxiety compared with Neutral trials. This ERP component is reflective of a threat-induced arousal response, associated with attention and expectancy of an anxiety-relevant event. Preliminary data indicate no group differences in CNV amplitudes.Conclusions: Objective evaluation of an arousal response to movement-related anxiety was found to be feasible, resulting in a threat-induced CNV. Further investigation will elucidate the discriminative power of such an approach to differentiate between individuals with high and low re-injury anxiety, as well as potential associations with existing patient-reported outcome measures.
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| 2. |
- Grinberg, Adam, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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An electroencephalography-based approach to evaluate movement-related anxiety in physically-active persons
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Psychological consequences often persist following musculoskeletal trauma and can result in vastly decreased quality of life. Re-injury anxiety is reported to hinder return to sports and can itself be a precursor for secondary injuries. Existing assessments of re-injury anxiety are restricted to subjective questionnaires, which may result in under-reporting and thus poorer injury management. In the current study, we introduced an experimental approach to objectively quantify movement-related anxiety using a threat-conditioning paradigm. We aimed to explore the feasibility of such an approach among non-injured persons.Ten physically-active individuals stood blindfolded on a platform capable of generating high-acceleration translations in eight different directions. Consecutive auditory stimuli were presented (four-second intervals), as either high- (conditioned stimulus; CS+) or low- (neutral stimulus; CS–) tones. Half of the CS+ trials were followed by a perturbation in a pseudo-random order. Event-related potentials were computed for nine electrodes by averaging 100 X CS– and 100 X CS+ trials. Significant latencies for CS– – CS+ comparisons were identified using interval-wise testing. Mean-amplitudes for significant intervals were used to detect a channel effect.Large negative CS+ waveforms were observed from 302-627ms post-stimulus and continuing until the end of the trials, most prominently over frontal and central midline locations (p ≤ 0.025). This effect, inferred as a contingent negative variation wave (CNV), may be reflective of threat-induced arousal response.Our test paradigm was found to be feasible, with a CNV suggested as a potential biomarker for re-injury anxiety. Further validation is needed, as well as exploring the discriminative power of such an approach between individuals with and without previous injury.
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| 3. |
- Grinberg, Adam, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Electrocortical activity associated with movement-related fear : a methodological exploration of a threat-conditioning paradigm involving destabilising perturbations during quiet standing
- 2024
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Ingår i: Experimental Brain Research. - : Springer Nature. - 0014-4819 .- 1432-1106. ; 242:8, s. 1903-1915
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Musculoskeletal trauma often leads to lasting psychological impacts stemming from concerns of future injuries. Often referred to as kinesiophobia or re-injury anxiety, such concerns have been shown to hinder return to physical activity and are believed to increase the risk for secondary injuries. Screening for re-injury anxiety is currently restricted to subjective questionnaires, which are prone to self-report bias. We introduce a novel approach to objectively identify electrocortical activity associated with the threat of destabilising perturbations. We aimed to explore its feasibility among non-injured persons, with potential future implementation for screening of re-injury anxiety. Twenty-three participants stood blindfolded on a translational balance perturbation platform. Consecutive auditory stimuli were provided as low (neutral stimulus [CS–]) or high (conditioned stimulus [CS+]) tones. For the main experimental protocol (Protocol I), half of the high tones were followed by a perturbation in one of eight unpredictable directions. A separate validation protocol (Protocol II) requiring voluntary squatting without perturbations was performed with 12 participants. Event-related potentials (ERP) were computed from electroencephalography recordings and significant time-domain components were detected using an interval-wise testing procedure. High-amplitude early contingent negative variation (CNV) waves were significantly greater for CS+ compared with CS– trials in all channels for Protocol I (> 521-800ms), most prominently over frontal and central midline locations (P ≤ 0.001). For Protocol II, shorter frontal ERP components were observed (541-609ms). Our test paradigm revealed electrocortical activation possibly associated with movement-related fear. Exploring the discriminative validity of the paradigm among individuals with and without self-reported re-injury anxiety is warranted.
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Anna-Maria, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of visual feedback, hand dominance and sex on individuated finger movements
- 2021
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Ingår i: Experimental Brain Research. - : Springer. - 0014-4819 .- 1432-1106. ; 239:6, s. 1911-1928
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ability to perform individual finger movements, highly important in daily activities, involves visual monitoring and proprioception. We investigated the influence of vision on the spatial and temporal control of independent finger movements, for the dominant and non-dominant hand and in relation to sex. Twenty-six healthy middle-aged to old adults (M age = 61 years; range 46–79 years; females n = 13) participated. Participants performed cyclic flexion–extension movements at the metacarpophalangeal joint of one finger at a time while keeping the other fingers as still as possible. Movements were recorded using 3D optoelectronic motion technique (120 Hz). The movement trajectory distance; speed peaks (movement smoothness); Individuation Index (II; the degree a finger can move in isolation from the other fingers) and Stationarity Index (SI; how still a finger remains while the other fingers move) were extracted. The main findings were: (1) vision only improved the II and SI marginally; (2) longer trajectories were evident in the no-vision condition for the fingers of the dominant hand in the female group; (3) longer trajectories were specifically evident for the middle and ring fingers within the female group; (4) females had marginally higher II and SI compared with males; and (5) females had fewer speed peaks than males, particularly for the ring finger. Our results suggest that visual monitoring of finger movements marginally improves performance of our non-manipulative finger movement task. A consistent finding was that females showed greater independent finger control compared with males.
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| 5. |
- Liebermann, Dario G., et al.
(författare)
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Spatiotemporal lower-limb asymmetries during stair descent in athletes following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Electromyography & Kinesiology. - : Elsevier. - 1050-6411 .- 1873-5711. ; 75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study evaluated motor control recovery at different times following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) by investigating lower-limb spatiotemporal symmetry during stair descent performances.Methods: We used a cross-sectional design to compare asymptomatic athletes (Controls, n = 18) with a group of people with ACLR (n = 49) divided into three time-from-ACLR subgroups (Early: <6 months, n = 17; Mid: 6–18 months, n = 16; Late: ≥18 months, n = 16). We evaluated: “temporal symmetry” during the stance subphases (single-support, first and second double-support) and “spatial symmetry” for hip-knee-ankle intra-joint angular displacements during the stance phase using a dissimilarity index applied on superimposed 3D phase plots.Results: We found significant between-group differences in temporal variables (p ≤ 0.001). Compared to Controls, both Early and Mid (p ≤ 0.05) showed asymmetry in the first double-support time (longer for their injured vs. non-injured leg), while Early generally also showed longer durations in all other phases, regardless of stepping leg. No statistically significant differences were found for spatial intra-joint symmetry between groups.Conclusion: Temporal but not spatial asymmetry in stair descent is often present early after ACLR; it may remain for up to 18 months and may underlie subtle intra- and inter-joint compensations. Spatial asymmetry may need further exploration.
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| 6. |
- Månsson, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Concurrent Validity between a Smartphone Self-Test Application and Clinical Tests for Balance and Leg Strength
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sensors. - : MDPI. - 1424-8220. ; 21:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The evolving use of sensors to objectively assess movements is a potentially valuable addition to clinical assessments. We have developed a new self-test application prototype, MyBalance, in the context of fall prevention aimed for use by older adults in order to independently assess balance and functional leg strength. The objective of this study was to investigate the new self-test application for concurrent validity between clinical instruments and variables collected with a smartphone. The prototype has two test procedures: static standing balance test in two positions, and leg strength test performed as a sit-to-stand test. Thirty-one older adults were assessed for balance and functional leg strength, in an outpatient physiotherapy setting, using seven different clinical assessments and three sensor-tests. The results show that clinical instruments and sensor measurements correlate to a higher degree for the smartphone leg strength test. For balance tests, only a few moderate correlations were seen in the Feet Together position and no significant correlations for the Semi Tandem Stance. This study served as a first step to develop a smartphone self-test application for older adults to assess functional balance at home. Further research is needed to test validity, reliability, and user-experience of this new self-test application.
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| 7. |
- Strong, Andrew, et al.
(författare)
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Brain Response to a Knee Proprioception Task Among Persons With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Controls
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1662-5161. ; 16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knee proprioception deficits and neuroplasticity have been indicated following injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Evidence is, however, scarce regarding brain response to knee proprioception tasks and the impact of ACL injury. This study aimed to identify brain regions associated with the proprioceptive sense of joint position at the knee and whether the related brain response of individuals with ACL reconstruction differed from that of asymptomatic controls. Twenty-one persons with unilateral ACL reconstruction (mean 23 months post-surgery) of either the right (n = 10) or left (n = 11) knee, as well as 19 controls (CTRL) matched for sex, age, height, weight and current activity level, performed a knee joint position sense (JPS) test during simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Integrated motion capture provided real-time knee kinematics to activate test instructions, as well as accurate knee angles for JPS outcomes. Recruited brain regions during knee angle reproduction included somatosensory cortices, prefrontal cortex and insula. Neither brain response nor JPS errors differed between groups, but across groups significant correlations revealed that greater errors were associated with greater ipsilateral response in the anterior cingulate (r = 0.476, P = 0.009), supramarginal gyrus (r = 0.395, P = 0.034) and insula (r = 0.474, P = 0.008). This is the first study to capture brain response using fMRI in relation to quantifiable knee JPS. Activated brain regions have previously been associated with sensorimotor processes, body schema and interoception. Our innovative paradigm can help to guide future research investigating brain response to lower limb proprioception.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Strong, Andrew, et al.
(författare)
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Right hemisphere brain lateralization for knee proprioception among right-limb dominant individuals
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1662-5161. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Studies indicate that brain response during proprioceptive tasks predominates in the right hemisphere. A right hemisphere lateralization for proprioception may help to explain findings that right-limb dominant individuals perform position matching tasks better with the non-dominant left side. Evidence for proprioception-related brain response and side preference is, however, limited and based mainly on studies of the upper limbs. Establishing brain response associated with proprioceptive acuity for the lower limbs in asymptomatic individuals could be useful for understanding the influence of neurological pathologies on proprioception and locomotion.Methods: We assessed brain response during an active unilateral knee joint position sense (JPS) test for both legs of 19 right-limb dominant asymptomatic individuals (females/males = 12/7; mean ± SD age = 27.1 ± 4.6 years). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) mapped brain response and simultaneous motion capture provided real-time instructions based on kinematics, accurate JPS errors and facilitated extraction of only relevant brain images.Results: Significantly greater absolute (but not constant nor variable) errors were seen for the dominant right knee (5.22° ± 2.02°) compared with the non-dominant left knee (4.39° ± 1.79°) (P = 0.02). When limbs were pooled for analysis, significantly greater responses were observed mainly in the right hemisphere for, e.g., the precentral gyrus and insula compared with a similar movement without position matching. Significant response was also observed in the left hemisphere for the inferior frontal gyrus pars triangularis. When limbs were assessed independently, common response was observed in the right precentral gyrus and superior frontal gyrus. For the right leg, additional response was found in the right middle frontal gyrus. For the left leg, additional response was observed in the right rolandic operculum. Significant positive correlations were found between mean JPS absolute errors for the right knee and simultaneous brain response in the right supramarginal gyrus (r = 0.464, P = 0.040).Discussion: Our findings support a general right brain hemisphere lateralization for proprioception (knee JPS) of the lower limbs regardless of which limb is active. Better proprioceptive acuity for the non-dominant left compared with the dominant right knee indicates that right hemisphere lateralization may have meaningful implications for motor control.
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