| 1. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Drinking context and problematic alcohol consumption in young Swedish women : Drinking context and problematic alcohol consumption
- 2013
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Ingår i: Addiction Research and Theory. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1606-6359 .- 1476-7392. ; 21:6, s. 457-468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research has indicated that a variety of contextual factors are involved in the development of drinking behavior. An integrated perspective can extend our understanding of the context and circumstances in which individuals drink. In this study, a person-oriented approach, cluster analysis, was used to identify drinking context clusters in a population of 20- and 25-year-old Swedish women. A further aim was to analyze how these clusters were associated with problematic alcohol consumption (high episodic drinking (HED) and alcohol use disorder (AUD)). A total of 760 respondents were interviewed, some in 1996 and some in 2001. Self-reported effects of drinking and situational factors associated with drinking alcohol were used in the cluster analysis procedure. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations with problematic alcohol consumption. The results revealed four distinct clusters of drinking patterns: coping drinkers, social drinkers, controlled drinkers, and moderate drinkers. Differences between clusters concerning problematic alcohol consumption were found. HED was significantly more common among the social drinkers and alcohol use disorder was more prevalent among the coping drinkers. Age differences and to a lesser extent secular trends in drinking pattern could be observed. The findings suggest that information on drinking context can help to explain differences in patterns of risky drinking and AUD. This highlights the importance of identifying groups of individuals with potentially harmful drinking patterns, which could be the target of specific preventive actions.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Dryckeskontextens betydelse för unga kvinnors alkoholkonsumtion. En klusteranalys av 20- och 25-åriga kvinnor åren 1995 och 2000.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Läkarstämman, Göteborg 2008.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dryckeskontextens betydelse för unga kvinnors alkoholkonsumtion. En klusteranalys av 20- och 25-åriga kvinnor åren 1995 och 2000. Bakgrund Under de senaste åren har framför allt en del internationell drogforskning fokuserat på fenomen som dryckeskontext och egna motiv till att dricka samt dessas samband med alkoholkonsumtion. Dryckeskontext har i nämnda studier definierats på något olika sätt, några mer teoretiskt förankrade, gemensamt kan sägas att man försökt besvara frågor om var, med vem och varför man druckit alkohol I den aktuella studien har vi analyserat sambandet mellan dryckeskontext och alkoholkonsumtion bland 20- och 25-åriga kvinnor i Göteborg. Syftet var att undersöka om det fanns specifika dryckesmönster, med hänsyftning på kontextuella variabler, om dessa dryckesmönster skiljde sig åt mellan undersökningsåren och om vissa dryckesmönster visade starkare samband med olika grader av alkoholkonsumtion. Metod Data från en befolkningsundersökning, ”Kvinnor och alkohol i Göteborg”: I studien ingick 897 unga kvinnor intervjuade under åren 1995 och 2000. Då dryckeskontext kan ses som ett multifaktoriellt fenomen valde vi att använda klusteranalys (”Two-step clustering”) för att identifiera grupper med olika dryckesmönster. Vi använde Pearson Chi-square för att undersöka skillnader i alkoholkonsumtion mellan de olika grupperna. Alkoholkonsumtion fördelades som Alkoholmissbruk/beroende - ABM, Intensivkonsumtion (60g etanol/tillfälle) - IK, Intensivkonsumtion/12 mån. – IK12 och Hög alkoholkonsumtion (20g etanol/dag senaste månaden) - HAK. Resultat Med hjälp av klusteranalys identifierades tre grupper med olika dryckesmönster för varje undersökningsår. 1995 syntes en grupp måttlighetsdrickare, en grupp som drack ofta både i sociala sammanhang och i ensamhet samt en grupp som bejakade mest upplevda effekter av sitt drickande. 2000 fann vi åter gruppen måttlighetsdrickare, därtill en grupp där man bejakade sociala effekter av alkohol och en annan grupp som uppgav mer fysiska och kognitiva effekter. 1995 visade gruppen som drack i ofta i sociala sammanhang signifikanta samband med ABM, IK12 och HAK. År 2000 sågs signifikanta samband med alla konsumtionsvariablerna hos de båda grupper som bejakande olika upplevda effekter av alkoholanvändning. Sammanfattning Klusteranalys var en god metod för att identifiera grupper med olika dryckesmönster som underlag för analys av skillnader i alkoholkonsumtion. Analysen understryker vikten av att ta hänsyn till upplevda effekter av och egna anledningar till drickande när man vill medverka till en minskad alkoholkonsumtion i befolkningen.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Women's patterns of everyday occupations and alcohol consumption : Everyday occupations and alcohol consumption
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 19:3, s. 225-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Earlier studies on women's health and drinking and the contemporary associated risk factors, have highlighted the need for more complex approaches in understanding the pathways into women's problem drinking. Research, from both social science and from occupational therapy models, has underlined the importance of deconstructing the often dichotomized way of investigating women's daily lives (such as in paid and unpaid work or in work and leisure) when discussing factors from the daily life environment and their impact on health issues. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between women's patterns of everyday occupation and alcohol consumption using the broader concept of occupation from occupational therapy models. This was a cross-sectional study from the latest wave (2000) of a population-based project, Women and Alcohol in Gothenburg (WAG). The study group consisted of 851 women, aged 20-55 years. Using an individually oriented method, two-step clustering, three distinct patterns of everyday occupations were identified. Significant associations with problematic alcohol consumption were found in the clusters, characterized by lower engagement in leisure activities and a larger amount of spare time. The need for new preventive approaches, including investigating the importance of having engaging leisure activities, is discussed.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Women's patterns of everyday occupations and alcohol consumption
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 19:3, s. 225-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Earlier studies on women's health and drinking and the contemporary associated risk factors have highlighted the need for more complex approaches in understanding the pathways into women's problem drinking. Research, from both social science and from occupational therapy models, has underlined the importance of deconstructing the often dichotomized way of investigating women's daily lives (such as in paid and unpaid work or in work and leisure) when discussing factors from the daily life environment and their impact on health issues. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between women's patterns of everyday occupation and alcohol consumption using the broader concept of occupation from occupational therapy models. This was a cross-sectional study from the latest wave (2000) of a population-based project, Women and Alcohol in Gothenburg (WAG). The study group consisted of 851 women, aged 20-55 years. Using an individually oriented method, two-step clustering, three distinct patterns of everyday occupations were identified. Significant associations with problematic alcohol consumption were found in the clusters, characterized by lower engagement in leisure activities and a larger amount of spare time. The need for new preventive approaches, including investigating the importance of having engaging leisure activities, is discussed.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Young women´s drinking contexts. A cluster analysis of 20- and 25-year old women.
- 2007
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Ingår i: 33rd Annual Alcohol Epidemiology Symposium of the Kettil Bruun Society, Budapest 20070604-08.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the last years some international research on young adult drinking have focused on drinking contexts and drinking motives and the association with alcohol consumption. In this study we have analysed the association between drinking context and alcohol consumption in 20- and 25-year old women in Sweden. The aim was to find if drinking patterns, with respect to drinking context, varied between 1995 and 2000 and if specific drinking patterns related to specific consumption variables. Method: A total of 897 respondents were interviewed in 1995 and 2000. Looking at drinking context as a multi-dimensional phenomenon we chose two-step clustering as a method for identifying the drinking patterns. We used Pearson Chi-square to test for differences between the cluster groups with respect to problematic alcohol consumption. Results: Three clusters of drinking patterns in 1995 and 2000 respectively were defined. In 1995 the clusters were characterised as moderate drinking, partying and solitary drinking and drinking effects. In 2000 the three cluster groups were moderate drinking, social effects-drinking and individual effects and solitary drinking. Association with alcohol consumption showed significant differences: in 1995 the cluster party and solitary drinking was related to alcohol use disorders, binge drinking and high alcohol consumption, in 2000 the two clusters including drinking effects showed associations with all consumption variables.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- André, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Cohort differences in personality in middle-aged women during a 36-year period. Results from the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 38:5, s. 457-464
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To investigate secular trends in personality traits in adult female populations. METHODS: Two representative, population-based cohorts of women, 38 (n = 318) and 50 (n = 593) years of age participated in a health examination in 1968 and 2004 in Gothenburg, Sweden. The Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) and Cesarec-Marke Personality Schedule (CMPS) were used to measure personality traits. Socioeconomic and lifestyle variables (personal income, education, marital status, children at home, physical activity and smoking) were reported. RESULTS: In both age groups, secular comparisons in psychological profile subscales showed an increase in dominance, exhibition, aggression and achievement. Only small divergences were seen concerning affiliation, guilt feelings, nurturance and succorance. EPI showed a corresponding rise in extroversion. Social data showed a statistically significant increase in percentage of unmarried women, personal income levels, and higher educational achievement. While around 70% of women in 1968-69 had elementary school education only, around 90% had high school or university education in 2004-05. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate major transitions in the adult Swedish female population in the direction of a more stereotypically ''male'' personality profile, but not at the expense of traditionally socially important female traits, which remained constant. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that society and the environment influence personality.
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| 8. |
- André, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Personality in women and associations with mortality: a 40-year follow-up in the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg
- 2014
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Ingår i: BMC Women's Health. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6874. ; 14:61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The question of whether personality traits influence health has long been a focus for research and discussion. Therefore, this study was undertaken to examine possible associations between personality traits and mortality in women. Methods: A population-based sample of women aged 38, 46, 50 and 54 years at initial examination in 1968-69 was followed over the course of 40 years. At baseline, 589 women completed the Cesarec-Marke Personality Schedule (the Swedish version of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule) and the Eysenck Personality Inventory. Associations between personality traits and mortality were tested using Cox proportional hazards models. Results: No linear associations between personality traits or factor indices and mortality were found. When comparing the lowest (Q1) and highest quartile (Q4) against the two middle quartiles (Q2 + Q3), the personality trait Succorance Q1 versus Q2 + Q3 showed hazard ratio (HR) = 1.37 (confidence interval (CI) = 1.08-1.74), and for the factor index Aggressive non-conformance, both the lowest and highest quartiles had a significantly higher risk of death compared to Q2 + Q3: for Q1 HR = 1.32 (CI = 1.03-1.68) and for Q4 HR = 1.36 (CI = 1.06-1.77). Neither Neuroticism nor Extraversion predicted total mortality. Conclusions: Personality traits did not influence long term mortality in this population sample of women followed for 40 years from mid- to late life. One explanation may be that personality in women becomes more circumscribed due to the social constraints generated by the role of women in society.
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| 9. |
- Arnoldussen, Ilse A. C., et al.
(författare)
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A 10-Year Follow-Up of Adiposity and Dementia in Swedish Adults Aged 70 Years and Older
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. - : IOS Press. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 63:4, s. 1325-1335
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Adiposity measured in mid-or late-life and estimated using anthropometric measures such as body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), or metabolic markers such as blood leptin and adiponectin levels, is associated with late-onset dementia risk. However, during later life, this association may reverse and aging- and dementia-related processes may differentially affect adiposity measures.Objective: We explored associations of concurrent BMI, WHR, and blood leptin and high molecular weight adiponectin levels with dementia occurrence.Methods: 924 Swedish community-dwelling elderly without dementia, aged 70 years and older, systematically-sampled by birth day and birth year population-based in the Gothenburg city region of Sweden. The Gothenburg Birth Cohort Studies are designed for evaluating risk and protective factors for dementia. All dementias diagnosed after age 70 for 10 years were identified. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to predict dementia occurrence between 2000-2005, 2005-2010, and 2000-2010 after excluding prevalent baseline (year 2000) dementias. Baseline levels of BMI, WHR, leptin, and adiponectin were used.Results: Within 5 years of baseline, low BMI (<20 kg/m(2)) was associated with higher odds of dementia compared to those in the healthy BMI category (>= 20-24.9 kg/m(2)). Compared to the lowest quartile, leptin levels in the second quartile were associated with lower odds of dementia in women (p < 0.05).Conclusion: In late-life, anthropometric and metabolic adiposity measures appear to be differentially associated with dementia risk. While BMI and leptin levels are highly positively correlated, our results show that their association with dementia at age >= 70 years, is asynchronous. These data suggest that with aging, the complexity of the adiposity exposure may increase and suggests metabolic dysregulation. Additional studies are needed to better understand this complexity.
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| 10. |
- Arnoldussen, I. A. C., et al.
(författare)
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A 10-Year Follow-Up of Adiposity and Dementia in Swedish Adults Aged 70 Years and Older
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimers Disease. - : IOS Press. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 63:4, s. 1325-1335
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Adiposity measured in mid-or late-life and estimated using anthropometric measures such as body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), or metabolic markers such as blood leptin and adiponectin levels, is associated with late-onset dementia risk. However, during later life, this association may reverse and aging- and dementia-related processes may differentially affect adiposity measures. Objective: We explored associations of concurrent BMI, WHR, and blood leptin and high molecular weight adiponectin levels with dementia occurrence. Methods: 924 Swedish community-dwelling elderly without dementia, aged 70 years and older, systematically-sampled by birth day and birth year population-based in the Gothenburg city region of Sweden. The Gothenburg Birth Cohort Studies are designed for evaluating risk and protective factors for dementia. All dementias diagnosed after age 70 for 10 years were identified. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to predict dementia occurrence between 2000-2005, 2005-2010, and 2000-2010 after excluding prevalent baseline (year 2000) dementias. Baseline levels of BMI, WHR, leptin, and adiponectin were used. Results: Within 5 years of baseline, low BMI (<20 kg/m(2)) was associated with higher odds of dementia compared to those in the healthy BMI category (>= 20-24.9 kg/m(2)). Compared to the lowest quartile, leptin levels in the second quartile were associated with lower odds of dementia in women (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In late-life, anthropometric and metabolic adiposity measures appear to be differentially associated with dementia risk. While BMI and leptin levels are highly positively correlated, our results show that their association with dementia at age >= 70 years, is asynchronous. These data suggest that with aging, the complexity of the adiposity exposure may increase and suggests metabolic dysregulation. Additional studies are needed to better understand this complexity.
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