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- Carlsson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in the distribution of synemin, paranemin, and plectin in skeletal muscles of wild-type and desmin knock-out mice
- 2000
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Ingår i: Histochemistry and Cell Biology. - : Springer. - 0948-6143 .- 1432-119X. ; 114:1, s. 39-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mice lacking the gene encoding for the intermediate filament protein desmin have a surprisingly normal myofibrillar organization in skeletal muscle fibers, although myopathy develops in highly used muscles. In the present study we examined how synemin, paranemin, and plectin, three key cytoskeletal proteins related to desmin, are organized in normal and desmin knock-out (K/O) mice. We show that in wild-type mice, synemin, paranemin, and plectin were colocalized with desmin in Z-disc-associated striations and at the sarcolemma. All three proteins were also present at the myotendinous junctions and in the postsynaptic area of motor endplates. In the desmin K/O mice the distribution of plectin was unaffected, whereas synemin and paranemin were partly affected. The Z-disc-associated striations were in general no longer present in between the myofibrils. In contrast, at the myotendinous and neuromuscular junctions synemin and paranemin were still present. Our study shows that plectin differs from synemin and paranemin in its binding properties to the myofibrillar Z-discs and that the cytoskeleton in junctional areas is particularly complex in its organization.
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| 6. |
- Janhunen, P., et al.
(författare)
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Invited Article: Electric solar wind sail : Toward test missions
- 2010
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Ingår i: Review of Scientific Instruments. - : AIP Publishing. - 0034-6748 .- 1089-7623. ; 81:11, s. 111301-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electric solar wind sail (E-sail) is a space propulsion concept that uses the natural solar wind dynamic pressure for producing spacecraft thrust. In its baseline form, the E-sail consists of a number of long, thin, conducting, and centrifugally stretched tethers, which are kept in a high positive potential by an onboard electron gun. The concept gains its efficiency from the fact that the effective sail area, i.e., the potential structure of the tethers, can be millions of times larger than the physical area of the thin tethers wires, which offsets the fact that the dynamic pressure of the solar wind is very weak. Indeed, according to the most recent published estimates, an E-sail of 1 N thrust and 100 kg mass could be built in the rather near future, providing a revolutionary level of propulsive performance (specific acceleration) for travel in the solar system. Here we give a review of the ongoing technical development work of the E-sail, covering tether construction, overall mechanical design alternatives, guidance and navigation strategies, and dynamical and orbital simulations.
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- Jivegård, Lennart, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of three months of low molecular weight heparin (dalteparin) treatment after bypass surgery for lower limb ischemia--a randomised placebo-controlled double blind multicentre trial.
- 2005
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Ingår i: European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-5884. ; 29:2, s. 190-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that long-term postoperative dalteparin (Fragmin), Pharmacia Corp) treatment improves primary patency of peripheral arterial bypass grafts (PABG) in lower limb ischemia patients on acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) treatment. DESIGN: Prospective randomised double blind multicenter study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a computer algorithm 284 patients with lower limb ischemia, most with pre-operative ischemic ulceration or partial gangrene, from 12 hospitals were randomised, after PABG, to 5000 IU dalteparin or placebo injections once daily for 3 months. All patients received 75 mg of ASA daily for 12 months. Graft patency was assessed at 1, 3 and 12 months. RESULTS: At 1 year, 42 patients had died or were lost to follow-up. Compliance with the injection schedule was 80%. Primary patency rate, in the dalteparin versus the control group, respectively, was 83 versus 80% (n.s.) at 3 months and 59% for both groups at 12 months. Major complication rates and cardiovascular morbidity were not different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: In patients on ASA treatment, long-term postoperative dalteparin treatment did not improve patency after peripheral artery bypass grafting. Therefore, low molecular weight heparin treatment cannot be recommended for routine use after bypass surgery for critical lower limb ischemia.
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| 8. |
- Johansson, B, et al.
(författare)
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Intermediate filament proteins in adult human arteries.
- 1997
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Ingår i: Anatomical Record. - 0003-276X .- 1097-0185. ; 247:4, s. 439-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The cytoskeleton of cells in blood vessel walls contains desmin, vimentin, and cytokeratins. The distribution of these proteins in human vessels is not fully known. We have mapped the distribution of intermediate filament proteins in human arterial walls.METHODS: Monoclonal antibodies targeted at the intermediate filament proteins desmin, vimentin, and cytokeratins were used, and the distribution of these proteins was studied by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: In the muscular arteries, most smooth muscle cells in the media expressed both desmin and vimentin; in the elastic arteries, the proportion of desmin-labelled cells was lower and preferentially located to the periphery of the media. In general, the desmin immunoreactivity within the intima was weak, but some smooth muscle cells and smooth muscle cells in the musculoelastic layer showed strong immunoreactivity. The vasa vasorum exhibited a heterogeneous desmin-labelling pattern. The vimentin antibodies labelled the endothelium and showed a heterogeneous staining pattern in the other layers of the arterial wall. Cytokeratin was detected in occasional cells in the media of muscular arteries, in many adluminal cells and cell clusters in the coronary intima, and in smooth muscle cells in the media of the elastic arteries.CONCLUSIONS: Vimentin is widely distributed in vascular smooth muscle cells, whereas the distribution of desmin and cytokeratin varies. Each artery studied had an intermediate filament pattern typical for the anatomical location. There were no interindividual variations in the distribution of intermediate filament proteins.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, B, et al.
(författare)
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Intermediate filament proteins in developing human arteries.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Anatomy and Embryology. - 0340-2061 .- 1432-0568. ; 199:3, s. 225-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The distribution of intermediate filament proteins in adult human blood vessels and in human fetal elastic arteries is relatively well-known. However, the distribution of these proteins in the course from neonate to adult has not been established. In this investigation, human postnatal arteries were studied with immunohistochemistry, using antibodies targeted on the intermediate filament proteins desmin, vimentin and cytokeratins 8, 18 and 19. Vimentin was present in most smooth muscle cells in all vessels and at all ages. The proportions of desmin-expressing cells increased in the elastic arteries during the first year of life and was higher in the pulmonary trunk than in the aorta. In the muscular arteries, the proportion of desmin-labelled cells increased in the coronary and the deep femoral arteries, but remained constant in the renal and the cerebral arteries. Cytokeratins were detected in the pulmonary trunk earlier than in the aorta. Cytokeratins were present throughout the wall of the ductus arteriosus, but desmin was present only in some cells. Thus, there are postnatal changes in the distribution of intermediate filament proteins in the elastic arteries and in some muscular arteries, whereas the intermediate filament pattern remains unchanged in other muscular arteries.
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| 10. |
- Johansson, B, et al.
(författare)
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Smoothelin and intermediate filament proteins in human aortocoronary saphenous vein by-pass grafts.
- 1999
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Ingår i: The Histochemical Journal. - 0018-2214 .- 1573-6865. ; 31:11, s. 723-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this immunohistochemical investigation was to study the distribution of the novel cytoskeletal protein smoothelin and the intermediate filament proteins vimentin and desmin in normal human great saphenous vein and in human aortocoronary by-pass vein grafts. Smoothelin was present in most smooth muscle cells in the media of the native vein. In the neointima of the vein grafts that had been in situ for three months or more, smoothelin was, in general, present only in few smooth muscle cells. Desmin was distributed in the same pattern as smoothelin in the native great saphenous vein. When desmin and smoothelin were present in the neointima, smoothelin was detected in more cells than desmin. Vimentin was present in most cells in all wall layers of both the native saphenous vein and the vein grafts. Vascular smooth muscle cells containing vimentin but not desmin or smoothelin are the principal cells in the neointima of human aortocoronary vein grafts. In some grafts, however, all three cytoskeletal proteins were detected in the neointima. The distribution of smoothelin and desmin in aortocoronary vein grafts support the postulate that these proteins are expressed mainly in the contractile smooth muscle cell phenotype.
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