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- Hugoson, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Caries prevalence and distribution in 20-80-year-olds in Jönköping, Sweden, in 1973, 1983, and 1993
- 2000
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In: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 28:2, s. 90-96
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 1973, a cross-sectional study on oral health status was performed on 1000 individuals in the age groups 3-70 years in Jönköping, Sweden. In 1983 and 1993, new cross-sectional studies were carried out in the age groups 3-80 years. The aim of the present study was to analyze caries prevalence and distribution in the three investigations 1973, 1983, and 1993 in the age groups 20-80 years. In the younger age groups (20-40 years), a larger proportion of individuals with good oral health was found in 1993 than in 1973 or 1983. A steady increase in the number of teeth in the age groups 40-80 years could be found, which was also reflected in the increasing number of decayed and filled tooth surfaces (DFS) in the same age groups. A marked decrease in proximal DFS in 20-50-year-olds in 1993 compared to 1973 and 1983 was found. However, a rather large and unchanging group of individuals suffering from severe caries was also observed. This situation demands an individualized caries treatment strategy based on risk assessment.
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- Hugoson, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Oral health of individuals aged 3-80 years in Jönköping, Sweden in 1973, 1983, and 1993 : II. Review of clinical and radiographic findings
- 1995
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In: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 19:6, s. 243-260
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this epidemiological study was to analyse various clinical and radiographic data on oral health and compare the results to those of two cross-sectional studies carried out in 1973 and 1983. In 1973, 1983, and 1993 a random sample of 1000, 1104, and 1078 individuals, respectively were studied. The individuals were evenly distributed in the age groups 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 years. In 1983 and 1993 80-year-olds were also included. All subjects were inhabitants of the community of Jönköping, Sweden. The clinical and radiographic examination assessed edentulousness, removable dentures, implants, number of teeth, caries, restorations and overhangs, oral hygiene, calculus, periodontal status, endodontic treatment, and periapical status. The number of edentulous individuals was reduced by half from 1973 to 1993 and is now 8% in the age groups 40-70 years. The mean number of teeth has increased and up to the age of 50 years the individuals had more or less complete dentitions. During the 20-year period there was generally decreasing number of carious lesions and restorations. In the 15- and 20-year-olds, however, there was an increasing number of decayed/filled tooth surfaces in 1993 compared to 1983. Furthermore, after the age of 50 there was an increase in number of restored tooth surfaces. As regards secondary caries there was an increase for the 10- and 15-year-olds between 1983 and 1993. For all other age groups there were only minor differences. Generally restorations exhibited a high quality and 85-90% had no proximal overhangs. In 1973 this figure was about 60%. Concerning the frequency of tooth surfaces exhibiting plaque and gingival inflammation there was a considerable decrease from 1973 to 1983, but during the period from 1983 to 1993 there seems to be no improvement. In some age groups there was even a significant increase in plaque (15-year-olds) and gingivitis (3-, 5-, 15-, 20-, and 60-year-olds). The frequency of individuals with one or more periodontal pockets (> 4 mm) increased with age. In 1993 the bone level at the age of 40 years corresponded to the bone level at the age of 20 years in 1973. The percentage of endodontically treated teeth was lower in 1993 in all age groups than in 1973 and 1983. The percentage of endodontically treated teeth with periapical or juxtaradicular destructions was unchanged in all three studies. The comparison of the three studies from 1973, 1983, and 1993 shows that there has been a great improvement in oral health over this 20-year period. In 1993, however, the increasing number of decayed/filled tooth surfaces in the 15- and 20-year-olds and an increase in plaque and gingivitis in some younger age groups calls for special attention.
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- Hugoson, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Oral health of individuals aged 3-80 years in Jönköping, Sweden in 1973, 1983, and 1993 : I. Review of findings on dental care habits and knowledge of oral health
- 1995
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In: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 19:6, s. 225-241
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to compare data on dental care habits and knowledge of oral health in three cross-sectional studies carried out in 1973, 1983, and 1993. The 1973 study constituted a random sample of 1000 individuals evenly distributed in the age groups 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 years. The same age groups with addition of a group of 80-year-olds were included in the 1983 and 1993 studies which comprised 1104 and 1078 individuals, respectively. A questionnaire (23-101 questions) about dental care habits and knowledge of oral health was used in connection with a clinical and radiographic examination. The same questions were used in all the three studies. An addition to the 1993 investigation was questions concerning ethnographic background. In 1993 approximately 95% of all individuals were visiting the dentist on a regular basis every or every second year. The 30-year-olds, however, did not visit a dentist as regularly in 1993 as in 1983. The 70- and 80-year-olds visited a dentist more regularly in 1993 than in 1983. An increased number of adults in all age groups, except for the 70-year-olds, received their dental care in the Public Dental Service in 1993 compared to 1983 and 1973. Most 40-year-olds and older, however, received their dental care by private practitioners. About 80% of all adults in 1993 were enrolled in a recall system on the dentist's initiative while in 1973 most appointments were based on the patient's own initiative. The number of individuals who felt discomfort at the prospect of an appointment with the dentist was more or less the same in 1973, 1983, and 1993. The knowledge of the etiology of dental diseases has not changed much between 1973 and 1993. The frequency of toothbrushing has increased since 1973 and in 1993 more than 95% of all individuals brushed their teeth daily. The use of dental floss and toothpicks as well as disclosing tablets decreased in 1993 compared to 1983. Almost all individuals in 1993 used fluoride toothpaste. The use of topical fluorides and fluoride tablets in children had decreased considerably in 1993 compared to 1983.
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- Allen, K. D., et al.
(author)
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Osteoarthritis: Models for appropriate care across the disease continuum
- 2016
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In: Best Practice and Research: Clinical Rheumatology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1521-6942. ; 30:3, s. 503-535
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of pain and disability worldwide. Despite the existence of evidence-based treatments and guidelines, substantial gaps remain in the quality of OA management. There is underutilization of behavioral and rehabilitative strategies to prevent and treat OA as well as a lack of processes to tailor treatment selection according to patient characteristics and preferences. There are emerging efforts in multiple countries to implement models of OA care, particularly focused on improving nonsurgical management. Although these programs vary in content and setting, key lessons learned include the importance of support from all stakeholders, consistent program delivery and tools, a coherent team to run the program, and a defined plan for outcome assessment. Efforts are still needed to develop, deliver, and evaluate models of care across the spectrum of OA, from prevention through end-stage disease, in order to improve care for this highly prevalent global condition. © 2016
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- Biberfeld, G, et al.
(author)
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Enzyme immunoassays for the demonstration of antibodies to HIV-2SBL-6669 and HTLV-IV (SIVmac).
- 1988
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In: AIDS. - 0269-9370 .- 1473-5571. ; 2:3, s. 195-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were developed for the demonstration of antibodies to HIV-2 using disrupted virions of the SBL-6669 isolate of HIV-2 and the so-called human T-lymphotropic virus type IV (HTLV-IV), recently found to be identical with the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac), as antigens. Three hundred sera from West African subjects, attending an outward clinic in Bissau for examination of suspected tuberculosis, were tested by these two assays as well as by a commercially available anti-HIV-2 ELISA (ELAVIA II). Fifty of these sera were positive in all three ELISAs as well as in Western blot tests against HTLV-IV. Thirty-eight of these positive sera were also tested by an anti-HIV-2 Western blot kit (LAV-Blot II) with positive results. The ELISAs based on SBL-6669 and HTLV-IV antigens had a specificity of 99.6% (one false positive among 250 negative sera) whereas the specificity of ELAVIA II was 94.6% using the recommended cut-off value and 98.4% using a higher cut-off value. Another 58 sera from West African patients, clinically suspected of having AIDS or HIV-related disease, were tested for HIV-2/HTLV-IV antibodies by Western blot and by ELISA against SBL-6669 and HTLV-IV antigens; all of the 30 sera which were positive by Western blot were found to be positive in both ELISAs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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