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- Bojesson, Catarina
(author)
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Enabling Dynamic Capability : Managing and Organizing for Change
- 2024
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This doctoral thesis is based on a longitudinal single-case study conducted over five years within a product development context at a manufacturing company. In dynamic environments that demand flexibility and adaptability, it is essential to understand how organizations can improve dynamic capabilities to remain viable and competitive during periods of turbulence and change. This challenge is especially central to product development organizations offering customer-specific products as it tends to increase organizational complexity. An excessive focus on internal coordination and control to manage this complexity has led to inertia due to establishment of strict, rigid processes and hierarchical bureaucracies within organizational management and design.This study aims to contribute with new knowledge on how organizations operating in dynamic contexts can develop adaptability to changing needs. Specifically, it seeks to understand how to design and manage organizations to increase their preparedness for and adaptability to change. Investigating the factors and mechanisms that influence an organization's dynamic capability can provide insights into the sources of inertia and support the transition toward a more dynamic structure. The longitudinal study is based on data collected through an initial interview study followed by a questionnaire study, and finally through a concluding interview study. The research has been phenomenon-driven; as the organization’s circumstances have evolved, the focus of the study has shifted accordingly. Emerging from the aggregated results of the longitudinal study, the overall scope of the research is the change process, transitioning from a rigid to a more dynamic organization. Research findings are presented in five appended papers.Analysis from literature studies and the empirical study show that the primary focus on improving performance often centers on internal efficiency. However, within the case company, tension arose between the desire of strict control according to predefined processes and plans and the actual need for flexibility. Dynamic contexts require working processes that facilitate reactive problem-solving, creativity, and flexibility, as well as managers capable of going back and forth between management styles to benefit performance. Successful organizational reconfiguration depends on developing the conditions that enable the firm's dynamic capability in relation to its context. This involves identifying both the microfoundations that generate dynamic capability and the internal and external constraints to change.Considering the external environment is crucial for developing an understanding of how to best organize and manage resources and capabilities, which places demands on managerial capabilities. Managers must possess the skills to monitor the external environment and formulate strategies to respond to changing conditions, as their interpretation of the external environment will influence their decisions, which will subsequently enable or hinder possible actions. The design of organizations will impact the ability to rearrange resources and capabilities. Processes and working procedures must allow for reconfigurations to respond swiftly to changing constraints or opportunities. The use of multiple theoretical perspectives has been imperative in the analysis of the data, and the theoretical contribution extends to exploration of various factors and mechanisms that influence an organization's dynamic capability.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Linda, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Glucosylceramide synthase deficiency in the heart compromises β1-adrenergic receptor trafficking
- 2021
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In: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 42:43, s. 4481-4492
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS: Cardiac injury and remodelling are associated with the rearrangement of cardiac lipids. Glycosphingolipids are membrane lipids that are important for cellular structure and function, and cardiac dysfunction is a characteristic of rare monogenic diseases with defects in glycosphingolipid synthesis and turnover. However, it is not known how cardiac glycosphingolipids regulate cellular processes in the heart. The aim of this study is to determine the role of cardiac glycosphingolipids in heart function.METHODS AND RESULTS: Using human myocardial biopsies, we showed that the glycosphingolipids glucosylceramide and lactosylceramide are present at very low levels in non-ischaemic human heart with normal function and are elevated during remodelling. Similar results were observed in mouse models of cardiac remodelling. We also generated mice with cardiomyocyte-specific deficiency in Ugcg, the gene encoding glucosylceramide synthase (hUgcg-/- mice). In 9- to 10-week-old hUgcg-/- mice, contractile capacity in response to dobutamine stress was reduced. Older hUgcg-/- mice developed severe heart failure and left ventricular dilatation even under baseline conditions and died prematurely. Using RNA-seq and cell culture models, we showed defective endolysosomal retrograde trafficking and autophagy in Ugcg-deficient cardiomyocytes. We also showed that responsiveness to β-adrenergic stimulation was reduced in cardiomyocytes from hUgcg-/- mice and that Ugcg knockdown suppressed the internalization and trafficking of β1-adrenergic receptors.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that cardiac glycosphingolipids are required to maintain β-adrenergic signalling and contractile capacity in cardiomyocytes and to preserve normal heart function.
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| 3. |
- Claesson, Julia, 1985, et al.
(author)
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An experimental study of the turbulent mixing layer in concentrated fiber suspensions.
- 2012
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In: Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal. - 2000-0669 .- 0283-2631. ; 27:5, s. 940-946
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Turbulence structures in a free mixing layer after a backward-facing step were studied in concentrated pulp suspensions (0.5-3% by weight) using Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) at two predetermined average inflow velocities (0.9 and 1.8 m/s). Both average and fluctuating velocities were investigated and the findings were compared with measurements in water. The experimental findings show that both the average velocities and the RMS velocities in the mixing layer decreased with an increase in concentration. Furthermore, by analyzing the energy spectra at the center of the mixing layer, it was possible to extract the inertial sub-range of pulp suspensions with a concentration of 0.5% at the lower inflow velocity and in suspensions up to a concentration of 1% at the higher inflow velocity. At higher concentrations the turbulence was damped by the fiber network and no turbulence structures could be extracted. The energy content at lower frequencies was higher in the pulp suspensions than in the experiments in pure water.
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| 4. |
- Claesson, Julia, 1985, et al.
(author)
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Flow of concentrated fiber suspensions over a backward facing step studied using LDA
- 2012
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In: Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal. - 2000-0669 .- 0283-2631. ; 27:3, s. 653-661
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) was used to study the flow structures of pulp suspensions over a backward facing step at two step heights (5 and 10 mm). Experiments were conducted at four consistencies (1, 1.5, 2 and 3%) and two pre-determined free stream velocities (1.3 and 1.8 m/s). The flow structures in the suspensions were compared with measurements made in water. The experimental results showed that it was possible to measure recirculation flow, mixing layers, reattaching flows as well as different flow regimes with LDA. Further measurements in turbulent concentrated pulp flows are needed to distinguish and characterize turbulent structures. Results show that the reattachment length decreased along with a decrease in velocity or an increase in consistency in pulp suspensions with a consistency of at least 1.5%. At 1% a decrease in velocity gave an increase in the reattachment length probably due to a change in the flow regime from laminar to transition or turbulent.
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| 5. |
- Claesson, Julia, 1985, et al.
(author)
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The development of a near-wall boundary layer over a flat plate in concentrated pulp fiber suspensions
- 2013
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In: Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 2000-0669 .- 0283-2631. ; 28:3, s. 399-406
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The development of a boundary layer over a flat plate placed in a square pipe was studied in pulp suspensions at concentrations of 0.5, 1 and 1.8% at flow velocities of 0.24-0.96 m/s. Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) was used to measure velocities in the boundary layer from y=0-3 mm at x=0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 mm, where x=0 mm was the position where the flow met the plate. During the measurement time the pressure drop over the plate was also measured and it was concluded that the flow was in the rolling friction regime. The results of boundary layer thickness show that an increase in velocity or a decrease in concentration gave a thicker boundary layer in contrast to a laminar Newtonian boundary layer. In a power law fluid, boundary layer thickness decreases with an increase in shear thinning or velocity. Furthermore, in the pulp suspensions, a boundary layer with a constant thickness was reached 20 mm from the plate edge in contrast to a Newtonian and a shear thinning boundary layer which continued to increase along the plate. The difference in boundary layer development is believed to depend on the two-phase effects in pulp suspensions.
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| 6. |
- Eriksson, Kerstin, et al.
(author)
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Association of pain ratings with the prediction of early physical recovery after general and orthopaedic surgery : A quantitative study with repeated measures
- 2017
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In: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 73:11, s. 2664-2675
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: To compare different levels of self-rated pain and determine if they predict anticipated early physical recovery in patients undergoing general and orthopaedic surgery. Background: Previous research has indicated that average self-rated pain reflects patients' ability to recover the same day. However, there is a knowledge gap about the feasibility of using average pain ratings to predict patients' physical recovery for the next day. Design: Descriptive, quantitative repeated measures. Methods: General and orthopaedic inpatients (n = 479) completed a questionnaire (October 2012-January 2015) about pain and recovery. Average pain intensity at rest and during activity was based on the Numeric Rating Scale and divided into three levels (0-3, 4-6, 7-10). Three out of five dimensions from the tool "Postoperative Recovery Profile" were used. Because few suffered severe pain, general and orthopaedic patients were analysed together. Results: Binary logistic regression analysis showed that average pain intensity postoperative day 1 significantly predicted the impact on recovery day 2, except nausea, gastrointestinal function and bladder function when pain at rest and also nausea, appetite changes, and bladder function when pain during activity. High pain ratings (NRS 7-10) demonstrated to be a better predictor for recovery compared with moderate ratings (NRS 4-6), day 2, as it significantly predicted more items in recovery. Conclusion: Pain intensity reflected general and orthopaedic patients' physical recovery postoperative day 1 and predicted recovery for day 2. By monitoring patients' pain and impact on recovery, patients' need for support becomes visible which is valuable during hospital stays.
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| 7. |
- Eriksson, Kerstin, et al.
(author)
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Nausea intensity as a reflector of early physical recovery after surgery
- 2019
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In: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 75:5, s. 989-999
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim To compare different levels of self-rated average nausea intensity with early physical recovery and determine if nausea can reflect recovery in patients undergoing general or orthopaedic surgery. Background Nausea has been found to influence postoperative physical recovery. Despite the incidence of nausea in postoperative care, there is a knowledge gap about the possibility of using average nausea intensity to reflect recovery, motivating further investigation. Design An observational design with repeated measures. Methods General and orthopaedic patients answered a questionnaire (October 2012-January 2015) about nausea and impact on recovery on postoperative days 1 (N = 479) and 2 (N = 441). Questions about average nausea intensity at rest and during activity were answered based on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) (0-10). Impact on recovery was evaluated using three dimensions from the postoperative recovery profile tool. Results About one-fifth of the patients reported nausea intensity as moderate to severe on days 1 and 2. Nausea intensity was associated with eight of nine aspects of recovery on postoperative day 1. Nausea intensity on day 1 also reflected four of nine aspects of recovery on day 2. About reflecting physical recovery, the association was strongest between nausea intensity and appetite changes. Conclusions As postoperative nausea is common, regular assessments by healthcare professionals are needed. Assessment of nausea is of importance since it reflects physical recovery. This also shows the importance of treating nausea without delay. Using the NRS to measure nausea intensity is a simple method that is easy to use in clinic.
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| 8. |
- Eriksson, Kerstin, et al.
(author)
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Numeric rating scale : patients' perceptions of its use in postoperative pain assessments
- 2014
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In: Applied Nursing Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0897-1897 .- 1532-8201. ; 27:1, s. 41-46
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: The purpose of this study was to describe how patients perceive the use of the numeric rating scale in postoperative pain assessments. Background: There are recommendations to use a pain scale to follow patients' postoperative pain. Most patients prefer the NRS but there is a discrepancy between patients and healthcare professionals how to interpret the ratings from the pain assessments. Methods: A descriptive design with a phenomenographic approach was used. Semi structured interviews were held with 25 patients. Results: Three description categories emerged that illustrate patients' perceptions; use of the NRS facilitated communication of pain, it put demands on healthcare professionals and care routines and it contained interpretation difficulties. Conclusion: The NRS has a place in pain management according to the patients but there is a need for a dialogue to give the patients the opportunity to describe their pain and set a common goal. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Omerovic, Elmir, 1968, et al.
(author)
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Bivalirudin versus heparin in ST and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction-Outcomes at two years
- 2024
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In: Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 1553-8389 .- 1878-0938. ; 66, s. 43-50
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The registry-based randomized VALIDATE-SWEDEHEART trial (NCT02311231) compared bivalirudin vs. heparin in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for myocardial infarction (MI). It showed no difference in the composite primary endpoint of death, MI, or major bleeding at 180 days. Here, we report outcomes at two years.METHODS: Analysis of primary and secondary endpoints at two years of follow-up was prespecified in the study protocol. We report the study results for the extended follow-up time here.RESULTS: In total, 6006 patients were enrolled, 3005 with ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI) and 3001 with Non-STEMI (NSTEMI), representing 70 % of all eligible patients with these diagnoses during the study. The primary endpoint occurred in 14.0 % (421 of 3004) in the bivalirudin group compared with 14.3 % (429 of 3002) in the heparin group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.97; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.85-1.11; P = 0.70) at one year and in 16.7 % (503 of 3004) compared with 17.1 % (514 of 3002), (HR 0.97; 95 % CI, 0.96-1.10; P = 0.66) at two years. The results were consistent in patients with STEMI and NSTEMI and across major subgroups.CONCLUSIONS: Until the two-year follow-up, there were no differences in endpoints between patients with MI undergoing PCI and allocated to bivalirudin compared with those allocated to heparin.REGISTRATION: URL: https://www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov; Unique identifier: NCT02311231.
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