| 1. |
- Cruz, Igor, 1986-, et al.
(author)
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Assessment of the potential for small-scale CHP production using Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems in different geographical contexts: GHG emissions impact and economic feasibility
- 2022
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In: Energy Reports. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier. - 2352-4847. ; 8, s. 7680-7690
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- According to the European Commission’s 2050 Climate Strategy, renewable electricity is the most important driver for decarbonising the energy system. The intermittent nature of wind and solar creates a demand for dispatchable electricity production that can contribute to a stable and steady supply all year. This supply can be provided, for example, by biomass boilers with combined heat and power production. This paper analyses the potential for small-scale electricity production in Organic Rankine Cycle systems (ORC) in different geographical contexts. The focus is on installing ORC systems with existing biomass-fired boilers in district heating (DH) systems or industry, and with industrial excess heat streams. Economic and climate effects are studied in three countries with different climates and energy-market conditions, namely Sweden, the United Kingdom and Brazil. The results show that there is the potential to install ORC systems around the world that are both economically viable and reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. Equipment size has a large effect on the profitability of the investments. Moreover, the benefits of tax exemptions and certificates for renewable electricity production significantly impact profitability, particularly for smaller equipment sizes.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Ola, 1967-, et al.
(author)
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A comparison between in vitro studies of protein lesions generated by brain electrodes and finite element model simulations
- 1999
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In: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing. - 0140-0118 .- 1741-0444. ; 37:6, s. 737-741
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to develop a finite element model for simulation of the thermal characteristics of brain electrodes and to compare its performances with an in vitro experimental albumin model. Ten lesions were created in albumin using a monopolar electrode connected to a Leksell Neuro Generator and a computer-assisted video system was used to determine the size of the generated lesions. A finite element model was set up of the in vitro experiments using the same thermal properties. With a very simple heat source applied to the finite element model in the proximity of the upper part of the tip, a good agreement (no deviations in width and distance from tip but a deviation in length of −1.6 mm) with the in vitro experiments (width 4.6±0.1 mm and length 7.4±0.1 mm) was achieved when comparing the outline of the lesion. In addition, a gelatinous albumin-model was set up and compared to computer simulations resulting in deviations in width of −0.4 mm, length of −2.2 mm and distance from the tip of −0.1 mm. Hence, the utilisation of finite element model simulations may be a useful complement to in-vitro experiments.
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