| 1. |
- Agren, K, et al.
(författare)
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Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pyogenes group A challenge induce a Th1 type of cytokine response in cells obtained from tonsillar hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis
- 1998
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Ingår i: ORL. - : S. Karger AG. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 60:1, s. 35-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have previously shown that tonsil tissue both from children with tonsillar hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis is colonized and invaded by <i>Haemophilus influenzae </i>and <i>Streptococcus pyogenes </i>group A. In order to evaluate if these bacteria are involved in the immunopathogenesis of these two conditions, tonsillar cells from both groups were stimulated in vitro with intact, heat-inactivated <i>H. influenzae</i> or <i>S. pyogenes</i> A. The immunoreactivity was evaluated by assessing the induction of cytokine production (IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4, TNF-β and IL-10), which was detected at the single-cell level. All cytokines studied except IL-4 were induced in both groups after stimulation with <i>H. influenzae </i>or <i>S. pyogenes </i>A. The dominating cytokines were IL-1β, IFN-γ and TNF-β. No major differences in the cytokine pattern or number of cytokine-producing cells were noticed between the two patient cohorts after <i>H. influenzae </i>stimulation. Activation by <i>S. pyogenes </i>A bacteria gave rise to higher frequencies of IFN-γ- and TNF-β-synthesizing cells in the recurrent tonsillitis group. The incidence of CD4-, CD8-positive T cells and CD40-positive B cells was comparable between the two groups while the MAC-387-positive macrophages were significantly higher in the recurrent tonsillitis groups. In conclusion, a Th<sub>1</sub> type of cytokine response was found in both groups following stimulation with <i>H. influenzae </i>or <i>S. pyogenes </i>A.
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| 2. |
- Anniko, Matti, et al.
(författare)
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Alpha-Bungarotoxin Inhibits Outer Hair Cell Motility in situ
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 57:2, s. 105-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of two substances (alpha-bungarotoxin, alpha-BGTX, a small protein, and the local anesthetic bupivacaine hydrochloride) with an assumed effect on outer hair cell (OHC) motility were analyzed after exposing the cochlea via the round window membrane. Electrophysiological measurements were performed with a very narrow frequency-specific gating (+/- 100 Hz) technique to determine auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds, including ABR-based frequency tuning curves. Exposure to alpha-BGTX gave a minor improvement in thresholds, interpreted as a facilitation of OHCs, i.e. releasing their efferent inhibitory control, whereas exposure to bupivacaine hydrochloride impaired ABR thresholds, possibly due to immobilization of OHC motility via the lateral cell membrane. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that efferent influence on the cochlea may be linked with a modulation of the mechanical function of OHCs. We can now postulate that there is in vivo evidence that acetylcholine exerts its effect at the OHCs via an alpha-BGTX alpha-BGTX binding acetylcholine receptor.
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| 3. |
- Anniko, Matti, et al.
(författare)
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Cytoskeletal basis for contractility of outer hair cells in the normal adult human organ of Corti : Comparisons with vestibular hair cells
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 57:2, s. 61-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study is the first consecutive analysis of the adult normal human organ of Corti and vestibular hair cells with regard to the expression of F-actin, actin-associated proteins (alpha-actinin, alpha- and beta-spectrins, vinculin and tropomyosin), beta-tubulin and the calcium-binding protein synaptophysin. The expression of these cytoskeletal and their associated proteins in man is largely similar to, although not identical with, that previously described for several other mammalian species. However, a few very unusual staining patterns were found. In several long outer hair cells a rod of F-actin extended from the infracuticular area to the cell nucleus. Fluorescence for tropomyosin occurred both in the cuticular plates of the outer and inner hair cells, and in the area of close apposition between the base of the outer hair cell and the apical part of Deiter's cell. In contrast, the vestibular hair cells showed immunoreactivity for tropomyosin only in the cuticular plates.
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| 4. |
- Anniko, Matti, et al.
(författare)
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Hyaluronic acid as a molecular filter and friction reducing lubricant in the human inner ear
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 57:2, s. 82-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Immunofluorescence for hyaluronic acid occurred intracellularly in morphologically highly specialized areas in the adult human inner ear, for instance in the cuticular plates of all types of hair cells, at the apposition between outer hair cells and Deiter's cell bodies and in the near-surface area of Hensen's cells. The cytoskeletal organization in these regions is characterized by tightly packed filamentous proteins. Under physiological stimulus these regions undergo micromechanical change, either actively moving (force generation) or passively vibrating with changes in elasticity. Hyaluronic acid might therefore act as a friction-reducing molecular lubricant. In the lateral wall of the cochlea an accumulation of hyaluronic acid occurred in the loose connective tissue of the spiral ligament, in particular close to the stria vascularis. Due to its complex molecular network, hyaluronic acid offers considerable resistance to bulk flow of water and may exclude molecules. The basal cell region of the stria vascularis is thus given additional support to minimize (seal?) the stria vascularis towards all other areas except the endolymphatic space. Here, hyaluronic acid could act as a molecular filter.
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| 5. |
- Anniko, Matti, et al.
(författare)
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Microtubule-associated proteins in adult human sensory organs
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 57:2, s. 78-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The distribution of microtubule-associated proteins MAP-1 and MAP-2 was analysed with immunomorphological techniques in the serially sectioned adult human membranous labyrinth. In the organ of Corti, monoclonal antibodies to MAP-1 did not stain. Positivity for MAP-2 occurred in the entire outer hair cell cytoplasm, in the inner hair cells (?), in the nerve fibres and in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of the spiral prominence. In addition, staining for MAP-2 was identified in many (but not all) cells or Reissner's membrane. Immunofluorescence for MAP-1 occurred in the supporting cells of the cristae and maculae interpreted to be localized in the apical region adjacent to the sensory cells. Thus, the distribution of MAP-1 and MAP-2 in the adult human membranous labyrinth was the same as described for several animal species with regard to the cochlea. In contrast to such a pattern, both MAP-1 and MAP-2 were identified in the human vestibular organs, thus identifying a subpopulation of centrally located nerve calyces and possibly also the apical portion of vestibular hair cells.
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| 6. |
- Anniko, Matti, et al.
(författare)
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The human spiral ganglion
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 57:2, s. 68-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The adult normal human spiral ganglion (SG) was analyzed with regard to ultrastructure and immunohistochemistry. The cytoskeleton of the SG cells was found to comprise F-actin, intermediate filaments (IFs) and microtubules (MTs). The IF subgroups (cytokeratins, Cks; neurofilaments, NFs, vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic proteins, GFAP; desmin) displayed characteristic staining patterns. Ck No. 8 was found in all SG cells, whereas vimentin was lacking. GFAP stained only a small subpopulation of SG cells (type 2?). The light (68 kD) and medium-sized chains of NFs occurred in all SG cells and axons, whereas the 200-kD NF subunit was only found in the axonal hillock of (type 2?) SG cells, but in no other part of the cytoplasm, and regionally in nerve fibres. MAP-1 and MAP-2 occurred in all SG cells but only MAP-1 was found in the nerve fibres. The calcium-binding protein synaptophysin (SY) was expressed only in SG cells, in contrast to the S-100 which occurred more generally in the labyrinth. The neuropeptides VIP and substance P were identified in all SG cells, in contrast to NPY which was expressed in a small subpopulation of SG cell (type 2?). Staining for neuron-specific enolase (NSE) identified most (type 1?) but not all SG cells. The cell surface glycoprotein Thy-1 was expressed in SG cells in a way similar to that described for neurons in the CNS. The SG cells express a high degree of cytoskeletal complexity, allowing one to distinguish between type 1 and type 2 cells. The cell bodies and their adjacent nerve fibres show characteristic features of calcium-binding proteins, surface membrane glycoproteins, NSE and neuropeptides but the basic pattern is still similar to neurons in the CNS.
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| 7. |
- Attner, P, et al.
(författare)
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A 4-year consecutive study of post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage
- 2009
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Ingår i: ORL. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0275 .- 0301-1569. ; 71:5, s. 273-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <i>Objective:</i> To analyse consecutive material over a period of 4 years concerning the incidence and consequences of post-tonsillectomy haemorrhages (PTH). <i>Design:</i> Prospective study. <i>Setting:</i> University hospital. <i>Participants:</i> All non-oncological cases of tonsillectomy (TE) and adenotonsillectomy (TA) performed at the ENT department at the Karolinska University Hospital between March 2000 and April 2004. <i>Main Outcome Measures:</i> Rate, timing and classification of PTH. <i>Results:</i> During the study period, 2,813 cases (mean age 13 ± 12.8 years; SD) of TE and TA were included. The majority (62%) were children aged below 12 years, and 69% were performed as day surgery. In total, 212 (7.5%) patients were readmitted due to PTH, of which 98 (3.4%) presented with ongoing haemorrhage. The rates of primary and secondary bleeding were 1.9 and 5.5%, respectively. The PTH occurred in 0–19 days post-operatively, in a typical twin peak mode around the day of surgery and then days 4–7. No case of serious PTH was noted. Multiple bleedings (2–3 times) occurred in 19 patients. Only a minority (31%) of the single PTH patients required active treatment, surgery in the theatre (35 patients) or diathermy under local anaesthesia in the emergency room (24 patients). However, almost all received systemic haemostatic treatment. Three patients required blood transfusion due to repeated PTH. Of the 114 patients that did not present with an active PTH, only 1 returned to the operating theatre due to later bleeding. Almost half (43%) of the patients with multiple episodes of PTH had also experienced primary bleedings. <i>Conclusions:</i> A primary PTH seems to indicate a risk of further episodes of bleedings, and should necessitate extra post-operative observation. Patients with a history of a single self-limiting PTH showed low risk of developing a haemorrhage requiring return to the theatre.
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| 8. |
- Berube, S, et al.
(författare)
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Olfactory Training Impacts Olfactory Dysfunction Induced by COVID-19: A Pilot Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: ORL. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0275 .- 0301-1569. ; 85:2, s. 57-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Olfactory dysfunction is one of the main symptoms of COVID-19 and may last beyond resolution of the infection. The most promising intervention for post-viral olfactory dysfunction is olfactory training (OT), which involves exposing the olfactory system to a range of odors daily. This approach is thought of promoting the regeneration of olfactory receptor cells, but its effectiveness in patients with post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction has yet to be confirmed. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This double-blind randomized pilot study compared the effectiveness of OT versus placebo in the treatment of post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction. Twenty-five participants were recruited in each group. OT protocol consisted of sniffing 4 scents (rose, orange, clove, and eucalyptus) for 5 min twice daily for 12 weeks. Olfactory function was assessed before and after the training using (1) a validated odor identification test (UPSIT-40) and (2) a 10-point visual analog scale; we further assessed the presence of (3) parosmia. <b><i>Results:</i></b> While we did not observe any effect of OT on olfactory test scores, we observed a significant improvement of subjective olfactory function in the intervention group, while no such effect was observed in the placebo group. Finally, the frequency of parosmia was significantly lower in the intervention group. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This study highlights an increase in subjective but not objective olfactory function when performing OT for 12 weeks. Further, parosmia seems to be positively affected by OT. These results may serve as a starting point for larger scale studies to assess the efficacy of OT for treatment of post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction.
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| 9. |
- Brantberg, K., et al.
(författare)
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Gentamicin treatment in peripheral vestibular disorders other than Ménière's disease
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 58:5, s. 277-279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intratympanic instillation of gentamicin may not exclusively be a treatment for Ménière's disease. We present case reports of successful vertigo control in peripheral vestibular disorders other than Ménère's disease. Cases 1 and 2 illustrate treatment of vertigo attacks caused by vestibular dysfunction in deaf ears. Case 3 illustrates treatment of brief sensations of linear acceleration in a patient who had suffered idiopathic sudden hearing loss a few years earlier. Case 4 illustrates treatment of disabling benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo. Case 5 illustrates treatment of severe and frequent attacks of vertigo in an elderly patient with a medium-sized acoustic neuroma who did not want surgical extirpation of the tumor.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Cervin, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Acute exudative inflammation and nasally exhaled nitric oxide are two independent phenomena
- 2002
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Ingår i: ORL. - : S. Karger AG. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 64:1, s. 26-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Increased levels of nitric oxide (NO) and the exudations of plasma proteins to the airway lumen have both been considered characteristics of airway inflammation. The aim of the present study was to investigate a possible relationship between nasal NO concentrations and acutely induced exudative inflammation of the nasal mucosa. Methods: Twelve healthy non-allergic subjects participated. Nasal challenges with saline, histamine 40 mug/ml (M), histamine 400 mug/ml (H2), oxymethazoline, 0.25 mg/ml (OXY), and a combination of oxymethazoline 0.25 mg/ml and histamine 800 mug/ml (OXYH), were performed on separate occasions. Exhaled NO was measured after each challenge, and alpha(2)-macroglobulin (as a marker of plasma exudation) was measured in nasal lavage fluids after the H 1 and H2 challenges. Results: The mean baseline NO in all measurements was 164 +/- 10.3 ppb. Saline and H1 challenge did not change NO and a2-macroglobulin levels. H2 challenge showed a tendency to reduce NO levels, and the most pronounced decrease was seen after 10 min (-36.3 +/- 16.3%, p = 0.07). This reduction was sustained throughout the registration period. Simultanousley with the decrease in NO, alpha(2)-macroglobulin levels were increased significantly. OXY challenge alone reduced NO significantly throughout the whole registration period. Maximum decrease was seen at 40 min (-21.3 +/- 3.4%, p = 0.03). The OXYH challenge also reduced NO, with a maximal reduction recorded at 10 min (-29.4 +/- 6.4%, p = 0.03). The reduction of NO was sustained throughout the registration period (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Histamine 400 mug/ml induced a prompt plasma exudation response whereas a decrease in nasal NO was registered, suggesting that these two events are not necessarily linked. Furthermore it was shown that the vasoconstrictor oxymethazoline reduced nasal NO, which could be related to reduced mucosal blood flow, whereas the reduction of nasal NO after histamine challenge remains to be elucidated. Copyright (C) 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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| 16. |
- Cervin, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Nasal Septal Perforations during Treatment with Topical Nasal Glucocorticosteroids Are Generally Not Associated with Contact Allergy to Steroids.
- 2003
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Ingår i: ORL. - : S. Karger AG. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 65:2, s. 103-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <i>Background:</i> Mucosal ulcers and perforations of the nasal septum are very rare and may have several underlying causes. Contact allergy to steroids has been suggested as a possible aetiological factor in patients who develop perforations during topical steroid use. <i>Methods:</i> We have identified 13 subjects with perforations of their nasal septum and concomitant topical nasal steroid use. In order to evaluate whether these patients had developed contact allergy to steroids they underwent patch testing with an extended steroid series. <i>Results:</i> None of the subjects displayed any positive reaction to the steroids. <i>Conclusion:</i> Sensitivity to glucocorticoids is a well-described phenomenon and may in selected subjects also be associated with local side effects to nasal sprays. However, contact allergy to steroids does not seem to be a general explanation for septal perforations in patients using nasal steroids.
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| 17. |
- Chen, Ben, et al.
(författare)
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Symptoms of Depression in Patients with Chemosensory Disorders
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - : S. Karger. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 83:3, s. 135-143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Patients with chemosensory dysfunction frequently report symptoms of depression. The current study aims to clarify whether the type (smell dysfunction, taste dysfunction, and mixed smell and taste dysfunction), severity, duration, or cause of dysfunction have differential impacts on the symptoms of depression. Methods: 899 patients with chemosensory disorders and 62 controls were included. Following a structured interview and an otorhinolaryngological examination, subjects underwent olfactory tests (Sniffin' Sticks), gustatory tests (taste sprays) and an assessment of depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory). Information on the cause and duration of disorders was also collected. Results: Patients with combined olfactory/gustatory dysfunction had higher depression scores than patients with smell dysfunction only and controls, and no significant difference was found between the smell dysfunction and controls. Anosmia patients, but not hyposmia patients, exhibited higher depression scores than controls. Among various causes of chemosensory disorders, patients from the posttraumatic group had higher depression scores than patients with other causes of chemosensory dysfunction (sinonasal, idiopathic, or postinfectious). Multiple linear regression analyses suggested that reduced olfactory function was associated with enhanced depression scores in the olfactory disorders group (B = -0.326, t = -2.294, and p = 0.02) and in all patients with chemosensory disorders (B = -0.374, t = -2.550, p = 0.017). Discussion/Conclusion: Simultaneously decreased input of olfaction and gustation seems to have an additive effect on the exacerbation of emotional dysfunction. Early intervention should be considered for depression symptoms in patients with mixed olfactory/gustatory dysfunction in clinical practice.
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| 18. |
- Conradi, P, et al.
(författare)
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Outer hair cells isolated from the organ of corti exposed to increased hydrostatic pressure
- 1999
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Ingår i: ORL. - : S. Karger AG. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 61:2, s. 57-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A model using outer hair cells isolated from the guinea pig organ of Corti was used to study the effects of changes in hydrostatic pressure. Outer hair cells were placed in a closed chamber and the pressure was raised to levels corresponding to pressures measured inside the cochlea or higher. No changes in cell shape could be detected using either videomicroscopy or confocal microscopy. No clear changes were observed using a potentiometric vital dye.
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| 19. |
- Danckwardt-Lillieström, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Steriocilia-like structures in the endolymphatic sac in Ménière's disease and acoustic neuroma
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 60:4, s. 190-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The vestibular aqueduct was surgically removed in 3 patients undergoing labyrinthectomy due to severe Ménière's disease (MD). Stereocilia-like structures were found in the luminal contents of the endolymphatic sac (ES) in all of these patients. The ES from 18 patients with acoustic neuroma were used as controls. In 1 of these, numerous stereocilia-like structures were found in the ES and in 3 additional patients, a few isolated cilia-like structures were disclosed. The findings may suggest an ongoing hair cell degeneration in the inner ear that is more advanced in patients with MD. The data also suggest that the endolymphatic duct is patent and that a longitudinal flow of endolymph also occurs in patients with MD.
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| 20. |
- Ehnhage, A, et al.
(författare)
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Nasal and bronchial histamine responsiveness in pollen-exposed patients with seasonal rhinitis
- 2002
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Ingår i: ORL. - : S. Karger AG. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 64:3, s. 191-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a previous study, we found an increased nasal responsiveness as measured by rhinostereometry and histamine challenge out of season in a sample of 12 patients suffering mainly from hay fever. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether airway responsiveness in these patients was further increased after direct pollen exposure, after a single nasal pollen provocation as well as by repeated exposure during the pollen season. In spite of increased allergic symptoms, the basal degree of nasal mucosal swelling was unchanged before histamine challenge under these circumstances. After histamine challenge, nasal mucosal swelling was increased in the same way over the seasons. Also bronchial responsiveness was unchanged during the pollen season. It correlated to frequent sneezing following nasal histamine challenge during the season (p = 0.0071, r = –0.74). We interpret the results as an indication of a continuos airway inflammation regardless of season in these patients with pollen allergy, with acute symptoms added on direct exposure to the allergen.
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| 21. |
- Fredelius, L, et al.
(författare)
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Succinic dehydrogenase histochemistry as an early marker for hair cell pathology
- 2001
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Ingår i: ORL. - : S. Karger AG. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 63:1, s. 12-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Density measurements of succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) activity were obtained from the inner and outer hair cells on surface preparations obtained from the guinea pig cochlea. Guinea pigs were exposed to noise (3.85 kHz, 120 dB SPL, 22.5 min) and sacrificed 0, 4 or 24 h after the exposure. By 4 h after exposure, the first- and second-row outer hair cells already demonstrated an altered SDH activity. By 24 h after exposure, a significant decrease in SDH staining in both the inner and outer hair cells at a distance of 10–12 mm from the cochlear apex was demonstrated. After a 1-month recovery period, scanning electron microscopy confirmed the main lesion site to be at a distance of 10–12 mm. In addition, Hensen’s cells (supporting cells) at a distance of 10–12 mm from the apex were intensely stained by SDH after noise exposure, indicating an increase in oxidative metabolism. SDH staining in the Hensen’s cells from the unexposed cochleae was not found. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the early use of SDH histochemistry can predict later permanent damage to the organ of Corti.
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| 22. |
- Geisler, C, et al.
(författare)
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Nystagmus findings in healthy subjects examined with infrared videonystagmoscopy
- 2000
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Ingår i: ORL. - : S. Karger AG. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 62:5, s. 266-269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increased use of videosystems for the detection of nystagmus is a new diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of patients with vestibular disorders. Small video cameras mounted in a light sealed mask visualize the eyes which are illuminated with infrared light. Compared to the well-established use of Frenzel glasses the patient has no visual references at all. This new technique requires standards for normal limits. Thirty subjects between 20 and 78 years of age with no history of vestibular disorders were examined with infrared video-oculoscopy with the gaze in primary position, after head-shake and in supine position with head torsion and Dix-Hallpike positions backward and forward according to a standardized procedure at our department. Two subjects had spontaneous nystagmus, but nystagmus after head-shake was not found in any. No subject had torsional nystagmus in the Dix-Hallpike positions. In the elderly subjects horizontal nystagmus in head hanging position was a frequent finding.
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| 23. |
- Georgiopoulos, Charalampos, et al.
(författare)
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Unilateral Choanal Atresia : Indications of Long-Term Olfactory Deficits and Volumetric Brain Changes Postsurgically
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - : Karger. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 84, s. 89-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Very few studies have investigated whether unilateral choanal atresia is associated with permanent olfactory deficits. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the olfactory performance of patients with unilateral choanal atresia postsurgically. Methods: Three patients with unilateral atresia were examined in terms of olfactory performance with the Sniffin Sticks test (odor identification, threshold, and discrimination), size of the olfactory bulb, and volumetric brain changes. Results: All patients demonstrated significantly lower olfactory performance in terms of odor threshold on the same side with the choanal atresia. Grey matter reductions were found ipsilaterally in the hippocampus. Conclusions: This pilot study indicates that persistent olfactory deficits and volumetric brain changes are present in patients with unilateral choanal atresia.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Grudemo, H, et al.
(författare)
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Intranasal histamine challenge in normal subjects and allergic rhinitis before and after intranasal budesonide studied with rhinostereometry and micromanipulator-guided laser Doppler flowmetry
- 2000
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Ingår i: ORL. - : S. Karger AG. - 0301-1569 .- 1423-0275. ; 62:1, s. 33-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ten healthy subjects and 10 patients suffering from allergic rhinitis to birch pollen were investigated with the combination of rhinostereometry and laser Doppler flowmetry, thus simultaneously measuring changes in mucosal swelling and microcirculation, following intranasal histamine challenge. Compared to normals, the allergics had a higher degree of congestion and a lower increase in perfusion and velocity of flow. In the allergics there was a decrease in CMBC (concentration of moving blood cells) that was not seen in normals. The decrease in CMBC seen in allergics could be attributed to an increase in vascular permeability producing an interstitial edema, a well-known effect of histamine. After treatment with 1 week of intranasal steroid, most of the differences in the reaction pattern between normals and allergics had disappeared.
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