| 1. |
- Wang, Anqi, et al.
(författare)
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Characterizing prostate cancer risk through multi-ancestry genome-wide discovery of 187 novel risk variants
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 55:12, s. 2065-2074
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The transferability and clinical value of genetic risk scores (GRSs) across populations remain limited due to an imbalance in genetic studies across ancestrally diverse populations. Here we conducted a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of 156,319 prostate cancer cases and 788,443 controls of European, African, Asian and Hispanic men, reflecting a 57% increase in the number of non-European cases over previous prostate cancer genome-wide association studies. We identified 187 novel risk variants for prostate cancer, increasing the total number of risk variants to 451. An externally replicated multi-ancestry GRS was associated with risk that ranged from 1.8 (per standard deviation) in African ancestry men to 2.2 in European ancestry men. The GRS was associated with a greater risk of aggressive versus non-aggressive disease in men of African ancestry (P = 0.03). Our study presents novel prostate cancer susceptibility loci and a GRS with effective risk stratification across ancestry groups.
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| 2. |
- Conti, David, V, et al.
(författare)
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Trans-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of prostate cancer identifies new susceptibility loci and informs genetic risk prediction
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 53:1, s. 65-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prostate cancer is a highly heritable disease with large disparities in incidence rates across ancestry populations. We conducted a multiancestry meta-analysis of prostate cancer genome-wide association studies (107,247 cases and 127,006 controls) and identified 86 new genetic risk variants independently associated with prostate cancer risk, bringing the total to 269 known risk variants. The top genetic risk score (GRS) decile was associated with odds ratios that ranged from 5.06 (95% confidence interval (CI), 4.84-5.29) for men of European ancestry to 3.74 (95% CI, 3.36-4.17) for men of African ancestry. Men of African ancestry were estimated to have a mean GRS that was 2.18-times higher (95% CI, 2.14-2.22), and men of East Asian ancestry 0.73-times lower (95% CI, 0.71-0.76), than men of European ancestry. These findings support the role of germline variation contributing to population differences in prostate cancer risk, with the GRS offering an approach for personalized risk prediction. A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies across different populations highlights new risk loci and provides a genetic risk score that can stratify prostate cancer risk across ancestries.
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| 3. |
- Eriksen, Anne Kirstine, et al.
(författare)
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A lifestyle intervention among elderly men on active surveillance for non-aggressive prostate cancer: a randomised feasibility study with whole-grain rye and exercise.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Trials. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1745-6215 .- 1745-6215. ; 18:1, s. 20-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prognosis for men with non-aggressive prostate cancer is good, and several studies have investigated the impact of lifestyle changes including physical activity and diet on the prognosis. Despite positive results in animal studies and a few human interventions with whole-grain rye on markers of prostate cancer progression, the feasibility of trials investigating such dietary changes in combination with physical activity remains largely unstudied. The primary aim was to investigate the feasibility of an intervention with high whole-grain rye intake and vigorous physical activity for 6 months in men diagnosed with prostate cancer.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ahlgren, Göran M., et al.
(författare)
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Docetaxel Versus Surveillance After Radical Prostatectomy for High-risk Prostate Cancer : Results from the Prospective Randomised, Open-label Phase 3 Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group 12 Trial
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0302-2838. ; 73:6, s. 870-876
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Adjuvant chemotherapy is standard treatment for other solid tumours, but to date has not proven effective in prostate cancer. Objective: o evaluate whether six cycles of docetaxel alone improve biochemical disease-free survival after radical prostatectomy for high-risk prostate cancer. Design, setting, and participants: Open-label, randomised multinational phase 3 trial. Enrolment of 459 patients after prostatectomy. Inclusion criteria: high-risk pT2 margin positive or pT3a Gleason score ≥4+3, pT3b, or lymph node positive disease Gleason score ≥3+4. Patients assigned (1:1) to either six cycles of adjuvant docetaxel 75mg/m2 every 3 wk without daily prednisone (Arm A) or surveillance (Arm B) until endpoint was reached. Primary endpoint was prostate-specific antigen progression ≥0.5 ng/ml. Intervention: Docetaxel treatment after prostatectomy. Results and limitations: Median time to progression, death, or last follow-up was 56.8 mo. Primary endpoint was reached in 190/459 patients-the risk of progression at 5 yr being 41% (45% in Arm A and 38% in Arm B). There was evidence of nonproportional hazards in Kaplan-Meier analysis, so we used the difference in restricted mean survival time as the primary estimate of effect. Restricted mean survival time to endpoint was 43 mo in Arm A versus 46 mo in Arm B (p = 0.06), a nonsignificant difference of 3.2 mo (95% confidence interval: 6.7 to -1.5 mo). A total of 116 serious adverse events were recorded in Arm A and 41 in Arm B with no treatment-related deaths. Not all patients received docetaxel by protocol. The endpoint is biochemical progression and some patients received radiation treatment before the endpoint. Conclusions: Docetaxel without hormonal therapy did not significantly improve biochemical disease-free survival after radical prostatectomy. Patient summary: In this randomised trial, we tested whether chemotherapy after surgery for high-risk prostate cancer decreases the risk of a rising prostate-specific antigen. We found no benefit from docetaxel given after radical prostatectomy. In this randomised trial, docetaxel without hormonal therapy or continuous corticosteroids was given after radical prostatectomy for high-risk prostate cancer. We found no benefit from docetaxel alone given after radical prostatectomy.
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| 6. |
- Beer, Tomasz M., et al.
(författare)
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Enzalutamide in Men with Chemotherapy-naïve Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer : Extended Analysis of the Phase 3 PREVAIL Study
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0302-2838. ; 71:2, s. 151-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enzalutamide significantly improved radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) and overall survival (OS) among men with chemotherapy-naïve metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer at the prespecified interim analysis of PREVAIL, a phase 3, double-blind, randomized study. We evaluated the longer-term efficacy and safety of enzalutamide up to the prespecified number of deaths in the final analysis, which included an additional 20 mo of follow-up for investigator-assessed rPFS, 9 mo of follow-up for OS, and 4 mo of follow-up for safety. Enzalutamide reduced the risk of radiographic progression or death by 68% (hazard ratio [HR] 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28–0.37; p < 0.0001) and the risk of death by 23% (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.67–0.88; p = 0.0002). Median investigator-assessed rPFS was 20.0 mo (95% CI 18.9–22.1) in the enzalutamide arm and 5.4 mo (95% CI 4.1–5.6) in the placebo arm. Median OS was 35.3 mo (95% CI 32.2–not yet reached) in the enzalutamide arm and 31.3 mo (95% CI 28.8–34.2) in the placebo arm. At the time of the OS analysis, 167 patients in the placebo arm had crossed over to receive enzalutamide. The most common adverse events in the enzalutamide arm were fatigue, back pain, constipation, and arthralgia. This final analysis of PREVAIL provides more complete assessment of the clinical benefit of enzalutamide. PREVAIL is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT01212991. Patient summary According to data from longer follow-up, enzalutamide continued to provide benefit over placebo in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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| 7. |
- Bird, Lori, et al.
(författare)
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Wind and solar energy curtailment : A review of international experience
- 2016
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Ingår i: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews. - : Elsevier. - 1364-0321 .- 1879-0690. ; 65, s. 577-586
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Greater penetrations of variable renewable generation on some electric grids have resulted in increased levels of curtailment in recent years. Studies of renewable energy grid integration have found that curtailment levels may grow as the penetration of wind and solar energy generation increases. This paper reviews international experience with curtailment of wind and solar energy on bulk power systems in recent years, with a focus on eleven countries in Europe, North America, and Asia. It examines levels of curtailment, the causes of curtailment, curtailment methods and use of market based dispatch, as well as operational, institutional, and other changes that are being made to reduce renewable energy curtailment.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Dadaev, T, et al.
(författare)
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Fine-mapping of prostate cancer susceptibility loci in a large meta-analysis identifies candidate causal variants
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 9:1, s. 2256-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prostate cancer is a polygenic disease with a large heritable component. A number of common, low-penetrance prostate cancer risk loci have been identified through GWAS. Here we apply the Bayesian multivariate variable selection algorithm JAM to fine-map 84 prostate cancer susceptibility loci, using summary data from a large European ancestry meta-analysis. We observe evidence for multiple independent signals at 12 regions and 99 risk signals overall. Only 15 original GWAS tag SNPs remain among the catalogue of candidate variants identified; the remainder are replaced by more likely candidates. Biological annotation of our credible set of variants indicates significant enrichment within promoter and enhancer elements, and transcription factor-binding sites, including AR, ERG and FOXA1. In 40 regions at least one variant is colocalised with an eQTL in prostate cancer tissue. The refined set of candidate variants substantially increase the proportion of familial relative risk explained by these known susceptibility regions, which highlights the importance of fine-mapping studies and has implications for clinical risk profiling.
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| 10. |
- Fosså, Sophie D., et al.
(författare)
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Reduction of quality of life in prostate cancer patients : experience among 6200 men in the Nordic countries
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 2168-1805 .- 2168-1813. ; 50:5, s. 330-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Although many studies have dealt with adverse effects (AEs) and quality of life (QoL) in prostate cancer (PCa) patients, the quantification of the patients’ perspective on AE-related reduction in QoL has been less studied. This study describes the impact of self-reported local (erectile, bowel, urinary dysfunction) or systemic (mental distress, fatigue, virility loss) AEs on QoL reduction. Materials and methods: Nordic PCa patients completed a questionnaire containing 84 multiple-choice questions. The main outcome variable of the survey was patient-reported PCa-induced QoL reduction, assessed by descriptive and regression analyses. The level of significance was p
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| 11. |
- Fredsøe, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting Grade group 2 or higher cancer at prostate biopsy by 4Kscore in blood and uCaP microRNA model in urine
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels often lead to unnecessary and possibly harmful transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy, e.g. when the biopsy is negative or contains only low-grade insignificant cancer, unlikely to become symptomatic in the man’s normal lifespan. A model based on four-kallikrein markers in blood (commercialized as 4Kscore) predicts risk of Grade group 2 or higher prostate cancer at biopsy, reducing unnecessary biopsies. We assessed whether these results extend to a single institution prostate biopsy cohort of Danish men and are enhanced by three microRNAs from urine (referred to as uCaP). The 4Kscore measured in cryopreserved blood from 234 men referred for 10+ core biopsy to Aarhus University Hospital, 29 with PSA > 25 ng/ml. We explored uCaP in urine from 157 of these men. Combined with age and DRE findings, both 4Kscore and uCaP could accurately predict Grade group 2 or higher prostate cancer (all patients: AUC = 0.802 and 0.797; PSA ≤ 25: AUC = 0.763 and 0.759). There was no additive effect when combining the 4Kscore and uCaP. Limitations include a study cohort with higher risk than commonly reported for biopsy cohorts. Our findings further support the clinical use of the 4Kscore to predict Grade group 2 or higher cancers in men being considered for biopsy.
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| 12. |
- Fristrup, Niels, et al.
(författare)
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Cathepsin E, Maspin, Plk1, and Survivin Are Promising Prognostic Protein Markers for Progression in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
- 2012
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Ingår i: American Journal of Pathology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9440 .- 1525-2191. ; 180:5, s. 1824-1834
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bladder cancer is a common cancer with particularly high recurrence after transurethral resection. In this study, we investigated the prognostic value of the protein expression of cathepsin E, maspin, polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), and survivin in patients with stage Ta and T1 urothelial carcinomas. Transcripts from the four genes encoding these proteins were previously included in gene expression signatures for outcome prediction for Ta/T1 bladder cancer. We used three different tissue microarrays with 693 non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinomas from Danish, Swedish, and Spanish patient cohorts with long-term follow-up. Protein expression was measured by immunohistochemistry, and antibody specificity was validated by Western blotting. In the Danish patient cohort, we found the expression of cathepsin E, maspin, Plk1, and survivin to be significantly associated with progression to stage T2 to T4 bladder cancer (for each marker: log-rank test; P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified cathepsin E (P < 0.001), Plk1 (P = 0.021), maspin (P = 0.001), and survivin (P = 0.001) as independent prognostic markers. Furthermore, maspin, survivin, and cathepsin E expression significantly subgrouped patients already stratified by European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer risk scores. Finally, we successfully validated the results in tumors from 410 patients from both Sweden and Spain. We conclude that all four protein markers may have prognostic value in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer for guiding optimal treatment of patients. Additional prospective studies are needed for further validation of the clinical relevance of this marker panel.
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| 13. |
- Fristrup, Niels, et al.
(författare)
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Multicenter Validation of Cyclin D1, MCM7, TRIM29, and UBE2C as Prognostic Protein Markers in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
- 2013
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Ingår i: American Journal of Pathology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9440 .- 1525-2191. ; 182:2, s. 339-349
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transcripts from the four genes encoding cyclin D1, MCM7, TRIM29, and UBE2C have previously been included in gene expression signatures for outcome prediction in stage Ta/T1 urothelial carcinomas. We investigated the prognostic value of the protein expressions in Ta/T1 urothelial carcinomas patients. We used four different tissue microarrays (TMAs) with a total of 859 Ta/T1 urothelial carcinomas from Danish, Swedish, Spanish, and Taiwanese patient cohorts with long-term follow-up. Protein expression was measured by IHC, and antibody specificity was validated by Western blotting. We found the expression of cyclin D1, MCM7, TRIM29, and UBE2C to be significantly associated with progression to muscle invasive bladder cancer (log-rank test; P < 0.001) in the Danish training cohort (n = 283). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified cyclin D1 (P = 0.003), TRIM29 (P = 0.001), and UBE2C (P < 0.001) as independent prognostic markers. The prognostic value of the four proteins was validated in a joint validation cohort from Sweden, Spain, and Taiwan (n = 576). Computer-assisted image analysis of the prognostic markers produced results comparable to those obtained by manual scoring. Finally, a four-protein maximum-likelihood classifier was trained on the Danish training cohort and applied to the validation cohort. The four protein markers may help optimize treatment of patients with Ta/T1 bladder cancer. Additional prospective studies are needed for further validation of their clinical relevance.
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| 14. |
- Haldrup, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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FRMD6 has tumor suppressor functions in prostate cancer
- 2020
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Ingår i: Oncogene. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5594 .- 0950-9232.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Available tools for prostate cancer (PC) prognosis are suboptimal but may be improved by better knowledge about genes driving tumor aggressiveness. Here, we identified FRMD6 (FERM domain-containing protein 6) as an aberrantly hypermethylated and significantly downregulated gene in PC. Low FRMD6 expression was associated with postoperative biochemical recurrence in two large PC patient cohorts. In overexpression and CRISPR/Cas9 knockout experiments in PC cell lines, FRMD6 inhibited viability, proliferation, cell cycle progression, colony formation, 3D spheroid growth, and tumor xenograft growth in mice. Transcriptomic, proteomic, and phospho-proteomic profiling revealed enrichment of Hippo/YAP and c-MYC signaling upon FRMD6 knockout. Connectivity Map analysis and drug repurposing experiments identified pyroxamide as a new potential therapy for FRMD6 deficient PC cells. Finally, we established orthotropic Frmd6 and Pten, or Pten only (control) knockout in the ROSA26 mouse prostate. After 12 weeks, Frmd6/Pten double knockouts presented high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-PIN) and hyperproliferation, while Pten single-knockouts developed only regular PIN lesions and displayed lower proliferation. In conclusion, FRMD6 was identified as a novel tumor suppressor gene and prognostic biomarker candidate in PC.
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| 15. |
- Hedegaard, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Comprehensive Transcriptional Analysis of Early-Stage Urothelial Carcinoma
- 2016
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Ingår i: Cancer Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 1535-6108 .- 1878-3686. ; 30:1, s. 27-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is a heterogeneous disease with widely different outcomes. We performed a comprehensive transcriptional analysis of 460 early-stage urothelial carcinomas and showed that NMIBC can be subgrouped into three major classes with basal-and luminal-like characteristics and different clinical outcomes. Large differences in biological processes such as the cell cycle, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and differentiation were observed. Analysis of transcript variants revealed frequent mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in chromatin organization and cytoskeletal functions. Furthermore, mutations in well-known cancer driver genes (e.g., TP53 and ERBB2) were primarily found in high-risk tumors, together with APOBEC-related mutational signatures. The identification of subclasses in NMIBC may offer better prognostication and treatment selection based on subclass assignment.
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| 16. |
- Jochumsen, Mads Ryo, et al.
(författare)
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Potential synergy between PSMA uptake and tumour blood flow for prediction of human prostate cancer aggressiveness
- 2021
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Ingår i: EJNMMI Research. - : Springer Nature. - 2191-219X. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Both prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) uptake and tumour blood flow (TBF) correlate with International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Grade Group (GG) and hence prostate cancer (PCa) aggressiveness. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential synergistic benefit of combining the two physiologic parameters for separating significant PCa from insignificant findings. Methods From previous studies of [Rb-82]Rb positron emission tomography (PET) TBF in PCa, the 43 patients that underwent clinical [Ga-68]Ga-PSMA-11 PET were selected for this retrospective study. Tumours were delineated on [Ga-68]Ga-PSMA-11 PET or magnetic resonance imaging. ISUP GG was recorded from 52 lesions. Results [Ga-68]Ga-PSMA-11 maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and [Rb-82]Rb SUVmax correlated moderately with ISUP GG (rho = 0.59 and rho = 0.56, both p < 0.001) and with each other (r = 0.65, p < 0.001). A combined model of [Ga-68]Ga-PSMA-11 and [Rb-82]Rb SUVmax separated ISUP GG > 2 from ISUP GG 1-2 and benign with an area-under-the-curve of 0.85, 96% sensitivity, 74% specificity, and 95% negative predictive value. The combined model performed significantly better than either tracer alone did (p < 0.001), primarily by reducing false negatives from five or six to one (p <= 0.025). Conclusion PSMA uptake and TBF provide complementary information about tumour aggressiveness. We suggest that a combined analysis of PSMA uptake and TBF could significantly improve the negative predictive value and allow non-invasive separation of significant from insignificant PCa.
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| 17. |
- Ku, Anson, et al.
(författare)
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High-Throughput and Automated Acoustic Trapping of Extracellular Vesicles to Identify microRNAs With Diagnostic Potential for Prostate Cancer
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Oncology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2234-943X. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molecular profiling of extracellular vesicles (EVs) offers novel opportunities for diagnostic applications, but the current major obstacle for clinical translation is the lack of efficient, robust, and reproducible isolation methods. To bridge that gap, we developed a microfluidic, non-contact, and low-input volume compatible acoustic trapping technology for EV isolation that enabled downstream small RNA sequencing. In the current study, we have further automated the acoustic microfluidics-based EV enrichment technique that enables us to serially process 32 clinical samples per run. We utilized the system to enrich EVs from urine collected as the first morning void from 207 men referred to 10-core prostate biopsy performed the same day. Using automated acoustic trapping, we successfully enriched EVs from 199/207 samples (96%). After RNA extraction, size selection, and library preparation, a total of 173/199 samples (87%) provided sufficient materials for next-generation sequencing that generated an average of 2 × 106 reads per sample mapping to the human reference genome. The predominant RNA species identified were fragments of long RNAs such as protein coding and retained introns, whereas small RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNA) accounted for less than 1% of the reads suggesting that partially degraded long RNAs out-competed miRNAs during sequencing. We found that the expression of six miRNAs was significantly different (Padj < 0.05) in EVs isolated from patients found to have high grade prostate cancer [ISUP 2005 Grade Group (GG) 4 or higher] compared to those with GG3 or lower, including those with no evidence of prostate cancer at biopsy. These included miR-23b-3p, miR-27a-3p, and miR-27b-3p showing higher expression in patients with GG4 or high grade prostate cancer, whereas miR-1-3p, miR-10a-5p, and miR-423-3p had lower expression in the GG4 PCa cases. Cross referencing our differentially expressed miRNAs to two large prostate cancer datasets revealed that the putative tumor suppressors miR-1, miR-23b, and miR-27a are consistently deregulated in prostate cancer. Taken together, this is the first time that our automated microfluidic EV enrichment technique has been found to be capable of enriching EVs on a large scale from 900 μl of urine for small RNA sequencing in a robust and disease discriminatory manner.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Memon, Ashfaque A., et al.
(författare)
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Soluble HER3 predicts survival in bladder cancer patients
- 2018
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Ingår i: Oncology Letters. - : Spandidos Publications. - 1792-1074 .- 1792-1082. ; 15:2, s. 1783-1788
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of soluble human epidermal growth factor receptor (sHER3) in bladder cancer remains unclear. In the present study, an ELISA was developed for the quantification of sHER3 and its role was investigated in patients with bladder cancer (n=82) followed for 10 years. Furthermore, the effects of sHER3 on bladder cancer cell growth and migration were also investigated. The results demonstrated that plasma sHER3 levels were significantly higher in non-invasive tumours (Ta) compared with muscle-invasive tumours (T2-T4). Higher sHER3 levels were associated with a more improved survival rate. However multivariate Cox regression analysis, adjusted for clinical stage, grade, type and size of the tumour, demonstrated that sHER3 was not an independent biomarker of survival. Exogenous sHER3 significantly inhibited bladder cancer cell growth and migration. These results suggest that high sHER3 levels are associated with improved survival rates in patients with bladder cancer, and that sHER3 inhibits bladder cancer cell growth and migration.
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| 20. |
- Meyer, Michael F., et al.
(författare)
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Virtual Growing Pains : Initial Lessons Learned from Organizing Virtual Workshops, Summits, Conferences, and Networking Events during a Global Pandemic
- 2021
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Ingår i: Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1539-607X .- 1539-6088. ; 30:1, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For many, 2020 was a year of abrupt professional and personal change. For the aquatic sciences community, many were adapting to virtual formats for conducting and sharing science, while simultaneously learning to live in a socially distanced world. Understandably, the aquatic sciences community postponed or canceled most in-person scientific meetings. Still, many scientific communities either transitioned annual meetings to a virtual format or inaugurated new virtual meetings. Fortunately, increased use of video conferencing platforms, networking and communication applications, and a general comfort with conducting science virtually helped bring the in-person meeting experience to scientists worldwide. Yet, the transition to conducting science virtually revealed new barriers to participation whereas others were lowered. The combined lessons learned from organizing a meeting constitute a necessary knowledge base that will prove useful, as virtual conferences are likely to continue in some form. To concentrate and synthesize these experiences, we showcase how six scientific societies and communities planned, organized, and conducted virtual meetings in 2020. With this consolidated information in hand, we look forward to a future, where scientific meetings embrace a virtual component, so to as help make science more inclusive and global.
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| 21. |
- Nilbert, Mef, et al.
(författare)
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The power of empirical data; lessons from the clinical registry initiatives in Scandinavian cancer care
- 2020
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X. ; 59:11, s. 1343-1356
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In Scandinavia, there is a strong tradition for research and quality monitoring based on registry data. In Denmark, Norway and Sweden, 63 clinical registries collect data on disease characteristics, treatment and outcome of various cancer diagnoses and groups based on process-related and outcome-related variables. Aim: We describe the cancer-related clinical registries, compare organizational structures and quality indicators and provide examples of how these registries have been used to monitor clinical performance, develop prediction models, assess outcome and provide quality benchmarks. Further, we define unmet needs such as inclusion of patient-reported outcome variables, harmonization of variables and barriers for data sharing. Results and conclusions: The clinical registry framework provides an empirical basis for evidence-based development of high-quality and equitable cancer care. The registries can be used to follow implementation of new treatment principles and monitor patterns of care across geographical areas and patient groups. At the same time, the lessons learnt suggest that further developments and coordination are needed to utilize the full potential of the registry initiative in cancer care.
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| 22. |
- Nissen, Eva Rames, et al.
(författare)
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Internet-delivered mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for anxiety and depression in cancer survivors : A randomized controlled trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: Psycho-Oncology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1057-9249 .- 1099-1611. ; 29:1, s. 68-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Internet-delivered interventions may alleviate distress in cancer survivors with limited access to psychological face-to-face treatment. In collaboration with a group of cancer survivors, we developed and tested the efficacy of a therapist-assisted internet-delivered mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (iMBCT) program for anxiety and depression in cancer survivors. Methods A total of 1282 cancer survivors were screened for anxiety and depression during their routine oncology follow-up; eligible breast (n = 137) and prostate cancer (n = 13) survivors were randomized to iMBCT or care-as-usual (CAU) wait-list. Primary outcomes of anxiety and depression were assessed at baseline, 5 weeks, 10 weeks (post intervention), and 6 months. Results Significant effects were found for both anxiety (Cohen's d = 0.45; P = .017) and depressive symptoms (d = 0.42; P = .024) post intervention. The effects were maintained at follow-up for anxiety (d = 0.40; P = .029), but not for depressive symptoms (d = 0.28; P = .131). Conclusions Our preliminary findings suggest iMBCT to be a helpful intervention for cancer survivors suffering from symptoms of anxiety. Further studies on the efficacy for symptoms of depression are needed.
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| 23. |
- Nissen, Eva Rames, et al.
(författare)
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Internet-delivered Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for anxiety and depression in cancer survivors : Predictors of treatment response
- 2021
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Ingår i: Internet Interventions. - : Elsevier. - 2214-7829. ; 23, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The present study investigates possible predictors of treatment response in an Internet-delivered Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (iMBCT) intervention with therapist support. This iMBCT program, a fully online delivered intervention with asynchronous therapist support, has previously been shown to be efficacious in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression in women treated for breast cancer and men treated for prostate cancer. Methods: Eighty-two breast- and prostate cancer survivors experiencing psychological distress received 8 weeks of therapist-guided iMBCT. Primary outcomes were improvement in anxiety and depression scores from baseline to post-treatment and from baseline to six-months follow-up. Clinical predictors included levels of depression and anxiety at the time of screening and at baseline, as well as time since diagnosis. Demographic predictors included age and educational level. Therapy-related predictors included working alliance, self-compassion, and five facets of mindfulness. Mixed Linear Models were employed to test the prediction effects over time. Results: Higher levels of baseline depression were associated with increased treatment response in anxiety at post-treatment, and lower levels of self-compassion were associated with increased treatment response in depression at post-treatment. None of the proposed predictors significantly predicted treatment response at six-months follow-up. Conclusion: The findings suggest that iMBCT can be provided for cancer survivors regardless of their age, educational level, and time since diagnosis (up to five years) and that therapeutic alliance is not crucial for treatment response. We did not identify characteristics predicting treatment response, although many factors were tested. Still, other characteristics may be predictors, and given the relatively small sample size and a large number of statistical tests, the results should be interpreted with caution.
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| 24. |
- Nordin, Elise, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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An inverse association between plasma benzoxazinoid metabolites and PSA after rye intake in men with prostate cancer revealed with a new method
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322 .- 2045-2322. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prostate cancer (PC) is a common cancer among men, and preventive strategies are warranted. Benzoxazinoids (BXs) in rye have shown potential against PC in vitro but human studies are lacking. The aim was to establish a quantitative method for analysis of BXs and investigate their plasma levels after a whole grain/bran rye vs refined wheat intervention, as well as exploring their association with PSA, in men with PC. A quantitative method for analysis of 22 BXs, including novel metabolites identified by mass spectrometry and NMR, was established, and applied to plasma samples from a randomized crossover study where patients with indolent PC (n = 17) consumed 485 g whole grain rye/rye bran or fiber supplemented refined wheat daily for 6 wk. Most BXs were significantly higher in plasma after rye (0.3–19.4 nmol/L in plasma) vs. refined wheat (0.05–2.9 nmol/L) intake. HBOA-glc, 2-HHPAA, HBOA-glcA, 2-HPAA-glcA were inversely correlated to PSA in plasma (p < 0.04). To conclude, BXs in plasma, including metabolites not previously analyzed, were quantified. BX metabolites were significantly higher after rye vs refined wheat consumption. Four BX-related metabolites were inversely associated with PSA, which merits further investigation.
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- Rasmussen, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Independent validation of a pre-specified four-kallikrein marker model for prediction of adverse pathology and biochemical recurrence
- 2022
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 126:7, s. 1004-1009
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Accurate markers for prostate cancer (PC) risk stratification could aid decision-making for initial management strategies. The 4Kscore has an undefined role in predicting outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods: We included 1476 patients with 4Kscore measured prior to RP at two institutions. The 4Kscore was assessed for prediction of adverse pathology at RP and biochemical recurrence (BCR) relative to a clinical model. We pre-specified that all analyses would be assessed in biopsy Grade Group 1 (GG1) or 2 (GG2) PC patients, separately. Results: The 4Kscore increased discrimination for adverse pathology in all patients (delta area under the receiver operative curve (AUC) 0.009, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.002, 0.016; clinical model AUC 0.767), driven by GG1 (delta AUC 0.040, 95% CI 0.006, 0.073) rather than GG2 patients (delta AUC 0.005, 95% CI −0.012, 0.021). Adding 4Kscore improved prediction of BCR in all patients (delta C-index 0.014, 95% CI 0.007, 0.021; preop-BCR nomogram C-index 0.738), again with larger changes in GG1 than in GG2. Conclusions: This study validates prior investigations on the use of 4Kscore in men with biopsy-confirmed PC. Men with GG1 PC and a high 4Kscore may benefit from additional testing to guide treatment selection. Further research is warranted regarding the value of the 4Kscore in men with biopsy GG2 PC.
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