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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Caldeira Maria C.) "

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  • MacDougall, Andrew S., et al. (author)
  • Widening global variability in grassland biomass since the 1980s
  • 2024
  • In: Nature Ecology & Evolution. - : Springer Nature. - 2397-334X.
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Global change is associated with variable shifts in the annual production of aboveground plant biomass, suggesting localized sensitivities with unclear causal origins. Combining remotely sensed normalized difference vegetation index data since the 1980s with contemporary field data from 84 grasslands on 6 continents, we show a widening divergence in site-level biomass ranging from +51% to −34% globally. Biomass generally increased in warmer, wetter and species-rich sites with longer growing seasons and declined in species-poor arid areas. Phenological changes were widespread, revealing substantive transitions in grassland seasonal cycling. Grazing, nitrogen deposition and plant invasion were prevalent in some regions but did not predict overall trends. Grasslands are undergoing sizable changes in production, with implications for food security, biodiversity and carbon storage especially in arid regions where declines are accelerating.
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2.
  • Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, et al. (author)
  • Microbial processing of plant remains is co-limited by multiple nutrients in global grasslands
  • 2020
  • In: Global Change Biology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:8, s. 4572-4582
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Microbial processing of aggregate-unprotected organic matter inputs is key for soil fertility, long-term ecosystem carbon and nutrient sequestration and sustainable agriculture. We investigated the effects of adding multiple nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium plus nine essential macro- and micro-nutrients) on decomposition and biochemical transformation of standard plant materials buried in 21 grasslands from four continents. Addition of multiple nutrients weakly but consistently increased decomposition and biochemical transformation of plant remains during the peak-season, concurrent with changes in microbial exoenzymatic activity. Higher mean annual precipitation and lower mean annual temperature were the main climatic drivers of higher decomposition rates, while biochemical transformation of plant remains was negatively related to temperature of the wettest quarter. Nutrients enhanced decomposition most at cool, high rainfall sites, indicating that in a warmer and drier future fertilized grassland soils will have an even more limited potential for microbial processing of plant remains.
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