| 1. |
- Bauhn, Lovisa, et al.
(författare)
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On the spot study reveals the missing carbon sink
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An increasing amount of CO2 emitted from human activities globally does not add to the increase in the atmosphere. Taking the ocean sink into acount, the fate of about 3 Gt C annually remains to be explained. This huge amount is calculated as the residual from known fluxes1 We present an `on the spot´ study that is based on systematic soil sampling in different regions and over the years since 2004. The difference between gross heterotrophic respiration (GHR) in the soil, and net heterotrophic respiration (NHR) that is the part of the carbon dioxide leaving the ground surface, was analyzed. The accumulated data indicate a within-soil CO2 sink of the same magnitude as the sink derived from different fluxes1 . Both approaches describe the same sink but our results show that the sink is CO2 uptake from the soil atmosphere, not emitted CO2 that is returned to some unknown area on land. The energy yield needed from nitrification to explain the observed reduction of CO2 to organic material is large, and NH4 + is recycled several times. It was unexpectedly observed that O2 was released in this gross nitrification cycle and this was confirmed with H2 18O incubations in soils2 . The large CO2 sink changes between seasons, between sites and even from a sink to an additional source, which may explain why it has so long been ”missing”.1 Le Quéré et al. 2015. Global Carbon Budgets 2015. Earth Syst. Sci. Data 7, 349–3962 Fleischer S. et al. 2013. Dark oxidation of water in soils. Tellus B 65, 20490
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| 2. |
- Fleischer, Siegfried, 1938-, et al.
(författare)
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Dark oxidation of water in soils
- 2013
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Ingår i: Tellus. Series B, Chemical and physical meteorology. - Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0280-6509 .- 1600-0889. ; 65:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the release of oxygen (O2) under dark conditions in aerobic soils. This unexpected process is hidden by respiration which constitutes the dominating reversal O2 flux. By using H218O in different soils, we confirmed that 16O18O and 18O2 released under dark soil conditions originated from added H218O. Water is the only large-scale source of electrons for reduction of CO2 in soils, but it has not been considered as an electron donor because of the very strong oxidation system needed. A high share of soil inorganic material seems to favor the release of O2. © 2013 S. Fleischer et al.
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| 3. |
- Fleischer, Siegfried, 1938-
(författare)
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Emissionen av koldioxid inom Vesanområdet
- 2010
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Ingår i: Överkörd natur. - Olofström : Vekerum. - 9789186722883 ; , s. 562-563
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Fleischer, Siegfried, 1938-, et al.
(författare)
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En kolsänka med syrebildning på köpet
- 2014
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Ingår i: Kemivärlden Biotech med Kemisk Tidskrift. - Lidingö : Mentor Communications. - 1650-0725. ; :4, s. 24-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Fleischer, Siegfried, 1938-
(författare)
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Interaction between N and C in Soil has Consequences for Global Carbon Cycling
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Resources and Ecology. - Beijing : Science Press. - 1674-764X. ; 3:1, s. 16-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Energy—yielding processes in the N—cycle form important links with the global C—cycle. One example is demonstrated with the supply of nitrogen to soils, initially resulting in lowered CO2 emissions. This well known effect has mostly been interpreted as hampered or delayed soil respiration. When added in surplus, however, nitrogen supply does not stabilize the minimum emissions initially obtained, but gradually results in increased CO2 emissions. Specific inhibition of the CO2 consuming process nitrification in soils, with surplus ammonium supply or with acetylene, mostly results in additional CO2 emissions. The difference between this disclosed gross heterotrophic respiration (GHR) and the net CO2 emission (NHR) is the result of a within—soil CO2—sink. Soil respiration solely determined as CO2 emitted as NHR (the common situation) therefore may lead to misinterpretations of the function of the soil system, especially in areas with high N—deposition. As a consequence, the interpreted ‘acclimation’ of the soil respiration response in a warmer world should be reconsidered. The concept of respiration inhibition by nitrogen supply may also be questioned. Disregard of these processes, including the indicated N—driven within—soil CO2—sink, may prevent adequate measures counteracting climate change.
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| 6. |
- Fleischer, Siegfried, 1938-, et al.
(författare)
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Nitrogen cycling drives a strong within-soil CO2-sink
- 2008
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Ingår i: Tellus. Series B, Chemical and physical meteorology. - Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0280-6509 .- 1600-0889. ; 60:5, s. 782-786
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For about three decades, it has not been possible to completely balance global carbon emissions into known pools. A residual (or 'missing') sink remains. Here evidence is presented that part of soil respiration is allocated into an internal soil CO2-sink localized to the saprophytic subsystem (roots excluded). The process occurs in forest, agricultural and grassland soils and is favoured by high N-deposition. Chemoautotrophic nitrification has a key role, and the most efficient internal CO2-sequestration occurs concurrently with lowest soil nitrate (NO3-) concentrations, despite considerable N-loading. Not until drastic N-supply occurs, does the CO2-sink successively breakdown, and nitrate concentrations increase, leading to NO3--leaching. Within-soil CO2-uptake seems to be of the same magnitude as the missing carbon sink. It may be gradually enforced by the ongoing input of nitrogen to the biosphere.
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| 7. |
- Fleischer, Siegfried, 1938-
(författare)
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Production of greenhouse gases in Lake Hornborga
- 2014
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Ingår i: Limnological Methods for Environmental Rehabilitation. - Stuttgart : E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung. - 9783510652921 ; , s. 102-105
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Fleischer, Siegfried, 1938-, et al.
(författare)
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Våtmarkscentrum skapar viktigt nätverk
- 2002
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Ingår i: Cirkulation. - Örebro : Ohlson & Winnfors. - 1103-2855. ; :7, s. 26-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Mattsson, Marie, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Catch Crop Known to Decrease N-leaching also Counteracts Soil CO2 Emissions
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Resources and Ecology. - Beijing : Zhongguo Kexueyuan Dili Kexue yu Ziyuan Yanjiusuo / Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research. - 1674-764X. ; 6:3, s. 180-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CO2 emissions to the atmosphere were studied in a fertilized sandy agricultural soil with and without a catch crop sown into the main crop. The catch crop was grown primarily with the purpose to decrease N-leaching but this study also wanted to find out if the catch crop could have an effect in a climate change perspective. Plots with catch crop showed decreased CO2 emissions from the soil. Since previous results have shown that catch crops effectively decrease N-leaching we recommend growing catch crops as an effective measure for helping both the climate and the eutrophication issue. Seasonal variations in CO2 emissions were pronounced with maximum emissions from the fertilized agricultural soil in June and from an adjacent unmanaged grassland in August. From the plot with catch crop emissions decreased in July and August but somewhat increased later in the autumn. Fertilized agricultural soil showed a within-soil CO2 sink after harvest, i.e. within-soil CO2 uptake. Availability of NH4+ or NO3- in the soil seems to influence the within-soil CO2 sink, with NH4+ enforcing the sink while the same amount of NO3- instead increased CO2 emissions. © 2015 BioOne All rights reserved
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| 11. |
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