1. |
- Feng, Yifan, et al.
(author)
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Fractal Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors and Their Applications in Imaging
- 2022
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In: Proceedings of the 2022 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim, CLEO/PR 2022. - : Optica Publishing Group.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present our research on fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors and their applications in light detection and ranging (LiDAR), full-Stokes polarimetric imaging, and non-line-of-sight imaging.
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2. |
- Feng, Yifan, et al.
(author)
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Fractal Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors and Their Applications in Imaging
- 2022
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In: 2022 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim, CLEO-PR 2022 - Proceedings. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc..
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present our research on fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors and their applications in light detection and ranging (LiDAR), full-Stokes polarimetric imaging, and non-line-of-sight imaging.
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3. |
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4. |
- Hao, Zifan, et al.
(author)
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High-performance eight-channel system with fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors
- 2024
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In: Chip. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2709-4723 .- 2772-2724. ; 3:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) have become a mainstream photon-counting technology that has been widely applied in various scenarios. So far, most multi-channel SNSPD systems, either reported in literature or commercially available, are polarization sensitive, that is, the system detection efficiency (SDE) of each channel is dependent on the state of polarization of the to-be-detected photons. Here, we reported an eight-channel system with fractal SNSPDs working in the wavelength range of 930 to 940 nm, which are all featured with low polarization sensitivity. In a close-cycled Gifford-McMahon cryocooler system with the base temperature of 2.2 K, we installed and compared the performance of two types of devices: (1) SNSPD, composed of a single, continuous nanowire and (2) superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetector (SNAP), composed of 16 cascaded units of two nanowires electrically connected in parallel. The highest SDE among the eight channels reaches 96−5+4%, with the polarization sensitivity of 1.02 and a dark-count rate of 13 counts per second. The average SDE for eight channels for all states of polarization is estimated to be 90 ± 5%. It is concluded that both the SNSPDs and the SNAPs can reach saturated, high SDE at the wavelength of interest, and the SNSPDs show lower dark-count (false-count) rates, whereas the SNAPs show better properties in the time domain. With the adoption of this system, we showcased the measurements of the second-order photon-correlation functions of light emission from a single-photon source based on a semiconductor quantum dot and from a pulsed laser. It is believed that this work will provide new choices of systems with single-photon detectors combining the merits of high SDE, low polarization sensitivity, and low noise that can be tailored for different applications.
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6. |
- Hu, Nan, et al.
(author)
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Full-Stokes polarimetric measurements and imaging using a fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detector
- 2022
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In: Optica. - : Optica Publishing Group. - 2334-2536. ; 9:4, s. 346-351
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Measuring the states of polarization (SoP) of light is fundamentally important for applications ranging from communication, sensing, spectroscopy, imaging, to navigation. Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are ideal detectors of choice for faint-light detection and measurements, but SNSPDs themselves cannot resolve the SoP of photons. Here, based on a fractal SNSPD, we demonstrate a full-Stokes polarimetric measurement system that can measure arbitrary SoP of faint light. The measured SoPs are in excellent agreement with those of a state-of-the-art commercial polarimeter, but the sensitivity of our system reaches -86.6 dBm, which is 26.6 dB better than that of the commercial counterpart. As a direct application, we further demonstrate remote polarimetric imaging (i.e., polarimetric LiDAR) with a complete set of polarimetric contrast.
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7. |
- Hu, Xiaolong, et al.
(author)
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Fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors and their applications in polarimetric imaging
- 2024
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In: Advanced Photon Counting Techniques XVIII. - : SPIE.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, we review the research and development of the fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs), including our demonstrations of high-performance devices and systems with over 80% system detection efficiency, negligibly low residual polarization sensitivity, and low timing jitter. Using the fractal SNSPDs, we demonstrate full-Stokes polarimetric imaging LiDAR.
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8. |
- Meng, Yun, et al.
(author)
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Kilometer-range, full-Stokes polarimetric imaging LiDAR using fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors
- 2024
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In: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 125:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Full-Stokes polarimetric imaging light detection and ranging (LiDAR) provides rich information about distance, materials, texture, surface orientations, and profiles of objects, and it is an important remote-sensing technology. One major challenge to reach a long distance is to efficiently collect and detect the echo photons, as for long-range LiDAR, echo photons may become sparse. Here, we demonstrate a full-Stokes polarimetric imaging LiDAR, working at the eye-safe, telecommunication wavelength of 1560 nm, that can reach a range of 4 km. The key enabling technology is a four-channel system with multimode-fiber-coupled, large-area fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. Furthermore, we also explore faster imaging (e.g., pixel-dwell time of 1 ms) of the objects at a shorter distance, approximately 1 km. Our demonstration has significantly extended the working range of full-Stokes polarimetric imaging LiDAR and represents an important step toward practical systems that may enable many applications in remote sensing and the detection and recognition of targets.
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9. |
- Zou, Kai, et al.
(author)
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Fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors working in dual bands and their applications in free-space and underwater hybrid LIDAR
- 2023
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In: Optics Letters. - : Optica Publishing Group. - 0146-9592 .- 1539-4794. ; 48:2, s. 415-418
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We demonstrate a fiber-coupled fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) system with minimum polarization dependence of detection efficiency. Its system detection efficiency (SDE) was maximized at the wavelength of 1540 nm, which was measured to be 91 +/- 4%; furthermore, we observed the second local maximum of SDE at the wavelength of 520 nm, which was measured to be 61 +/- 2%. This dual-band feature of SDE was due to the enhancement of the optical absorptance by two longitudinal resonance modes of the micro-cavity. By using high SDE with minimum polarization dependence in these two bands, we implemented a hybrid LIDAR for imaging the remote objects in free space and under water.
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10. |
- Zou, Kai, et al.
(author)
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Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors and Multi-Photon Detectors
- 2022
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In: Optics InfoBase Conference Papers. - : Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA).
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present our research progress in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) and multi-photon detectors (SNMPDs), including fractal SNSPDs with reduced polarization sensitivity, two mechanisms of device timing jitter, and SNMPDs integrated with current reservoirs.
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