1. |
- Adriani, O., et al.
(author)
-
The gamma-400 space observatory : Status and perspectives
- 2014
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In: Proceedings of Science. - : Sissa Medialab Srl.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present design of the new space observatory GAMMA-400 is presented in this paper. The instrument has been designed for the optimal detection of gamma rays in a broad energy range (from ∼100 MeV up to 3 TeV), with excellent angular and energy resolution. The observatory will also allow precise and high statistic studies of the electron component in the cosmic rays up to the multi TeV region, as well as protons and nuclei spectra up to the knee region. The GAMMA-400 observatory will allow to address a broad range of science topics, like search for signatures of dark matter, studies of Galactic and extragalactic gamma-ray sources, Galactic and extragalactic diffuse emission, gamma-ray bursts and charged cosmic rays acceleration and diffusion mechanism up to the knee.
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2. |
- Leonov, A. A., et al.
(author)
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The GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope characteristics. Angular resolution and electrons/protons separation
- 2014
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In: Proceedings of Science. - : Sissa Medialab Srl.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The measurements of gamma-ray fluxes and cosmic-ray electrons and positrons in the energy range from 100 MeV to several TeV, which will be realized by the specially designed GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope, concern with the following broad range of scientific topics. Search for signatures of dark matter, surveying the celestial sphere in order to study point and extended sources of gamma-rays, measuring the energy spectra of Galactic and extragalactic diffuse gamma-ray emission, study of gamma-ray bursts and gamma-ray emission from the Sun, as well as high precision measurements of spectra of high-energy electrons and positrons, protons and nuclei up to the knee. To clarify these scientific problems with the new experimental data the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope possesses unique physical characteristics comparing with previous and present experiments. For gamma-ray energies more than 100 GeV GAMMA-400 provides the energy resolution ~1% and angular resolution better than 0.02 deg. The methods, developed to reconstruct the direction of incident gamma photon, are presented in this paper, as well as, the capability of the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope to distinguish electrons and positrons from protons in cosmic rays is investigated. The first point concerns with the space topology of high-energy gamma photon interaction in the matter of GAMMA-400. Multiple secondary particles, generated inside gamma-ray telescope, produce significant problems to restore the direction of initial gamma photon. Also back-splash particles, i.e., charged particles and gamma photons generated in calorimeter and moved upward, mask the initial tracks of electron/positron pair from conversion of incident gamma photon. The processed methods allow us to reconstruct the direction of electromagnetic shower axis and extract the electron/positron trace. As a result, the direction of incident gamma photon with the energy of 100 GeV is calculated with an accuracy of better than 0.02 deg. The main components of cosmic rays are protons and helium nuclei, whereas the part of lepton component in the total flux is ~10 -3 for high energies. The separate contribution in proton rejection is studied for each detector system of the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope. Using combined information from all detector systems allow us to provide the rejection from protons with a factor of ~4 10 5 for vertical incident particles and ~3 10 5 for particle with initial inclination of 30 deg. Science with the New Generation of High Energy Gamma-ray experiments, 10th Workshop (Scineghe2014) 04-06 June 2014 Lisbon - Portugal.
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3. |
- Topchiev, N. P., et al.
(author)
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GAMMA-400 gamma-ray observatory
- 2015
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In: Proceedings of Science. - : Proceedings of Science (PoS).
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope with excellent angular and energy resolutions is designed to search for signatures of dark matter in the fluxes of gamma-ray emission and electrons+ positrons.Precision investigations of gamma-ray emission fromGalactic Center, Crab, Vela, Cygnus, Geminga, and other regions will be performed, as well asdiffuse gamma-rayemission,along with measurements of high-energy electron + positron and nuclei fluxes. Furthermore, it will studygamma-ray bursts and gamma-ray emission from the Sun during periods of solar activity. The energy range of GAMMA-400 is expected to be from ∼20 MeV up to TeV energies for gamma rays, up to 10 TeV for electrons + positrons, and up to 1015eV for cosmic-ray nuclei. For high-energy gamma rays with energy from 10 to 100 GeV, the GAMMA-400 angular resolution improves from 0.1° to ∼0.01° and energy resolution from 3% to ∼1%; the proton rejection factor is ∼5x105. GAMMA-400 will be installed onboardthe Russian space observatory.
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4. |
- Topchiev, N. P., et al.
(author)
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The GAMMA-400 experiment : Status and prospects
- 2015
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In: Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics. - 1062-8738. ; 79:3, s. 417-420
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The development of the GAMMA-400 γ-ray telescope continues. The GAMMA-400 is designed to measure fluxes of γ-rays and the electron-positron cosmic-ray component possibly associated with annihilation or decay of dark matter particles; and to search for and study in detail discrete γ-ray sources, to measure the energy spectra of Galactic and extragalactic diffuse γ-rays, and to study γ-ray bursts and γ-rays from the active Sun. The energy range for measuring γ-rays and electrons (positrons) is from 100 MeV to 3000 GeV. For 100-GeV γ-rays, the γ-ray telescope has an angular resolution of ∼0.01°, an energy resolution of ∼1%, and a proton rejection factor of ∼5 × 105. The GAMMA-400 will be installed onboard the Russian Space Observatory.
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5. |
- Leonov, A. A., et al.
(author)
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Separation of electrons and protons in the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope
- 2015
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In: Advances in Space Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0273-1177 .- 1879-1948. ; 56:7, s. 1538-1545
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The GAMMA-400 telescope will measure the fluxes of gamma rays and cosmic-ray electrons and positrons in the energy range from 100 MeV to several TeV. These measurements will allow it to achieve the following scientific objectives: search for signatures of dark matter, investigation of gamma-ray point-like and extended sources, study of the energy spectrum of the Galactic and extragalactic diffuse emission, study of gamma-ray bursts and gamma-ray emission from the active Sun, together with high-precision measurements of the high-energy electrons and positrons spectra, protons and nuclei up to the knee. The bulk of cosmic rays are protons and helium nuclei, whereas the lepton component in the total flux is similar to 10(-3) at high energy. In the present paper, the simulated capability of the GAMMA-400 telescope to distinguish electrons and positrons from protons in cosmic rays is addressed. The individual contribution to the proton rejection from each detector system of GAMMA-400 is studied separately. The use of the combined information from all detectors allows us to reach a proton rejection of the order of similar to 4 x 10(5) for vertical incident particles and similar to 3 x 10(5) for particles with initial inclination of 30 degrees in the electron energy range from 50 GeV to 1 TeV. (C) 2015 COSPAR.
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6. |
- Mayorov, A. G., et al.
(author)
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Solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays during 2006-2015 based on PAMELA and ARINA data
- 2017
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In: International Conference On Particle Physics And Astrophysics. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP).
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Solar modulation of galactic protons with energies from 50 MeV up to dozens of GeV during July '06 - January '16 studied based on a data of the magnetic spectrometer PAMELA and scintillation spectrometer ARINA. This period is interesting because it covers the end of 23(rd) and current 24(th) cycles of solar activity, including the abnormally long transient period and change of the polarity of solar magnetic field.
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7. |
- Adriani, O., et al.
(author)
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Measurement of the flux of primary cosmic ray antiprotons with energies of 60 MeV to 350 GeV in the PAMELA experiment
- 2013
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In: JETP Letters. - 0021-3640 .- 1090-6487. ; 96:10, s. 621-627
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It is interesting to measure the antiproton galactic component in cosmic rays in order to study the mechanisms by which particles and antiparticles are generated and propagate in the Galaxy and to search for new sources of, e.g., annihilation or decay of dark matter hypothetical particles. The antiproton spectrum and the ratio of the fluxes of primary cosmic ray antiprotons to protons with energies of 60 MeV to 350 GeV found from the data obtained from June 2006 to January 2010 in the PAMELA experiment are presented. The usage of the advanced data processing method based on the data classification mathematical model made it possible to increase statistics and analyze the region of higher energies than in the earlier works.
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8. |
- Bazilevskaya, G. A., et al.
(author)
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Solar proton events at the end of the 23rd and start of the 24th solar cycle recorded in the PAMELA experiment
- 2013
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In: Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics. - 1062-8738. ; 77:5, s. 493-496
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The PAMELA magnetic spectrometer was launched into a near-Earth orbit on board the Resurs-DK1 satellite in June 2006; in December 2006, it recorded the last strong solar high-energy particle event of the 23rd solar cycle. A deficit was thereafter observed in solar energetic particle events because of the lengthy solar activity minimum and the weak evolution of the next (24th) solar cycle. As a result, only a few solar events involving protons with energies of more than 100 MeV were recorded between 2010 and 1012. This work presents the preliminary results from measurements of charged particle fluxes in these events, recorded by the Pamela spectrometer.
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9. |
- Bogomolov, E. A., et al.
(author)
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Spectra of solar neutrons with energies of ~10–1000 MeV in the PAMELA experiment in the flare events of 2006–2015
- 2017
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In: Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics. - : Allerton Press Incorporation. - 1062-8738. ; 81:2, s. 132-135
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The first results from measuring the spectra of solar neutrons with energies of ~10–1000 MeV in the solar flares of 2006–2015 observed by the PAMELA international space experiment are presented. The PAMELA neutron detector with 3He counters and a moderator with an area of 0.18 m2 allows us to estimate the flux of solar neutrons during solar flares. Solar neutrons with energies of ~10–1000 MeV likely occurred in 21 out of the 24 analyzed flares of 2006–2015.
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10. |
- Koldobskiy, S. A., et al.
(author)
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Deuteron spectrum measurements under radiation belt with PAMELA instrument
- 2016
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In: Nuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings. - : Elsevier. - 2405-6014. ; 273-275, s. 2345-2347
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this work the results of data analysis of the deuteron albedo radiation obtained in the PAMELA experiment are presented. PAMELA is an international space experiment carried out on board of the satellite Resurs DK-1. The high precision detectors allow to register and identify cosmic ray particles in a wide energy range. The albedo deuteron spectrum in the energy range 70 - 600 MeV/nucleon has been measured.
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11. |
- Koldobskiy, S. A., et al.
(author)
-
Solar modulation of cosmic deuteron fluxes in the PAMELA experiment
- 2017
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In: Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics. - : Allerton Press Incorporation. - 1062-8738. ; 81:2, s. 151-153
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The preliminary results from measurements of deuteron fluxes in galactic cosmic rays (GCR) in the vicinity of the Earth in 2006–2009 are presented. The results are obtained by analyzing data from the PAMELA experiment aboard the Resurs DK-1 satellite. High-precision detection instruments provided an opportunity to identify GCR deuterons and measure their spectrum in the energy interval of 90–650MeV/nucleon. Spectra averaged over six-month intervals from the summer of 2006 to the summer of 2009 (the solar activity minimum) are presented. The influence of solar modulation on the observed spectrum is clearly seen in the results.
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12. |
- Koldobskiy, S. A., et al.
(author)
-
Study of deuteron spectra under radiation belt with PAMELA instrument
- 2015
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In: 24TH EUROPEAN COSMIC RAY SYMPOSIUM (ECRS). - : IOP Publishing.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents the results of measurements of proton and deuteron fluxes of albedo radiation in the Earth vicinity, obtained in the PAMELA experiment. PAMELA is an international experiment meant to study cosmic rays. PAMELA is carried out on board the satellite Resurs-DK1. High-precision equipment of the experiment allows registration and identification of cosmic ray particles of different varieties in a wide energy range. The albedo deuteron spectrum and albedo deuteron-to-proton fluxes ratio in the energy range 70 - 600 MeV/nucleon at altitude of 350 - 600 km for different geomagnetic latitudes is presented.
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13. |
- Malakhov, V. V., et al.
(author)
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Time variations of proton flux in Earth inner radiation belt during 23/24 solar cycles based on the PAMELA and the ARINA data.
- 2015
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In: 24TH EUROPEAN COSMIC RAY SYMPOSIUM (ECRS). - : IOP Publishing.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The PAMELA and the ARINA experiments are carried out on the board of satellite RESURS-DK1 since 2006 up to now. Main goal of the PAMELA instrument is measurements of high energy antiparticles in cosmic rays while the ARINA instrument is intended studying high energy charged particle bursts in the magnetosphere. Both of these experiments have a possibility to study trapped particles in the inner radiation belt. Complex of these two instruments covers proton energy range from 30 MeV up to trapping limit (E= similar to 2 GeV). Continuous measurements with the PAMELA and the ARINA spectrometers include falling and rising phases of 23/24 solar cycles and maximum of 24th one. In this report we present temporal profiles of proton flux in the inner zone of the radiation belt (1.11 < L < 1.18, 0.18 < B < 0.22G). Dependence of proton fluxes on a magnitude of the solar activity was studied for various phases of 23/24 solar cycles. At that it was shown that proton fluxes at the solar minimum are several times greater than at the solar maximum.
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14. |
- Mayorov, A. G., et al.
(author)
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Antiprotons of galactic cosmic radiation in the PAMELA experiment
- 2013
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In: Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics. - 1062-8738. ; 77:5, s. 602-605
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A method for antiproton selection against a background of electrons, based on a mathematical model of data classification using variations in interparticle interaction in a calorimeter, and a method for excluding events accompanied by scattering in the inner detectors of a tracking system (which result in errors in the measured trajectory's curvature and charge sign) from analysis are discussed in this paper. Antiproton spectra and antiproton/proton flux ratio at energies of 0.06 to 350 GeV with statistics of events surpassing those in [1] are obtained. The results can be used to create models for the generation and distribution of particles in the Galaxy, and for searching and studying the nature of hypothetical dark matter particles.
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15. |
- Mikhailov, V V, et al.
(author)
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Cosmic ray electron and positron spectrum with the PAMELA experiment
- 2019
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In: 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2019. - : Sissa Medialab Srl.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The PAMELA magnetic spectrometer, located on board the Resurs-DK1 satellite on Earth polar orbit with altitude of 350-600 km, measured the fluxes of cosmic ray particles and antiparticles in a wide energy range from 50 MeV to several TeVs. In this paper new results on the "all-electron" (sum electrons and positrons) spectrum are presented. New improved analysis on the full data set from 2006 to 2016 allows a significant increase in statistic compared to previously published results and an extension of energy interval up to 1 TeV.
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16. |
- Mikhailov, V. V., et al.
(author)
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Galactic Cosmic Ray Electrons and Positrons over a Decade of Observations in the PAMELA Experiment
- 2019
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In: Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics. - : Pleiades Publishing. - 1062-8738. ; 83:8, s. 974-976
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The PAMELA magnetic spectrometer was launched onboard the Resurs-DK1 satellite into a near-polar Earth orbit with an altitude of 350–600 km, in order to study fluxes of cosmic ray particles and antiparticles in the wide energy range of ~80 MeV to hundreds of GeV. The results from observations of electron and positron fluxes in 2006–2016 are presented.
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17. |
- Mikhailov, V. V., et al.
(author)
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Modulation of electrons and positrons in 2006–2015 in the PAMELA experiment
- 2017
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In: Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics. - : Allerton Press Incorporation. - 1062-8738. ; 81:2, s. 154-156
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The PAMELA magnetic spectrometer was launched aboard the Resurs DK-1 satellite into a nearpolar circumterrestrial orbit with an altitude of 350–600 km to study fluxes of the particles and antiparticles of cosmic rays in the wide energy range of ~80 MeV to several hundred gigaelectronvolts. The results from observations of temporal variations in electron and positron fluxes in 2006–2015 are presented. The ratio of electron and positron fluxes measured in this time interval reveals a dependence on the rigidity of particles, the solar activity, and the polarity of the solar magnetic field.
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18. |
- Mikhailov, V. V., et al.
(author)
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Secondary positrons and electrons in near-Earth space in the PAMELA experiment
- 2017
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In: Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics. - : Allerton Press Incorporation. - 1062-8738. ; 81:2, s. 203-205
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fluxes of electrons and positrons with energies above ~100 MeV in the near-Earth space are measured with the PAMELA magnetic spectrometer aboard the Resurs DK-1 satellite launched on June 15, 2006, into a quasipolar orbit with an altitude of 350–600 km and an inclination of 70°. Calculating the trajectories of detected electrons and positrons in the magnetosphere of the Earth allows us to determine their origin and isolate particles produced during interaction between cosmic rays and the residual atmosphere. Spatial distributions of albedo, quasitrapped, and trapped (in the radiation belt) positrons and electrons are presented. The ratio of positron and electron fluxes suggests that the fluxes of trapped particles of the radiation belt and quasitrapped secondary particles have different mechanisms of formation.
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19. |
- Mikhailov, V. V., et al.
(author)
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Trapped Positrons and Electrons in the Inner Radiation Belt According to Data of the PAMELA Experiment
- 2018
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In: Physics of Atomic Nuclei. - : PLEIADES PUBLISHING INC. - 1063-7788 .- 1562-692X. ; 81:4, s. 515-519
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Measurements of secondary-electron and secondary-positron fluxes below the geomagnetic cutoff in near-Earth space were performed by means of the PAMELA magnetic spectrometer installed on board the Resurs-DK1 satellite launched on June 15, 2006, in an elliptical orbit of inclination 70A degrees and altitude 350 to 600 km. This spectrometer permits measuring the fluxes of electrons and positrons over a wide energy range, as well as determining their spatial distributions to a precision of about 2A degrees. A calculation of particle trajectories in the geomagnetic field makes it possible to separate electrons and positrons originating from cosmic-ray interactions in the Earth's magnetosphere. The spatial distributions of quasitrapped, trapped, and short-lived albedo positrons and electrons of energy above 70 MeV in the radiation belt were analyzed. The ratio of the electron-to-positron fluxes and the energy spectra of the electrons and positrons in question are indicative of different productionmechanisms for stably trapped and quasitrapped secondary particles.
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20. |
- Karelin, A. V., et al.
(author)
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North-south asymmetry for high-energy cosmic-ray electrons measured with the PAMELA experiment
- 2013
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In: Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics. - 1063-7761 .- 1090-6509. ; 117:2, s. 268-273
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The north-south asymmetry for cosmic-ray particles was measured with one instrument of the PAMELA satellite-borne experiment in the period June 2006-May 2009. The analysis has been performed by two independent methods: by comparing the count rates in regions with identical geomagnetic conditions and by comparing the experimental distribution of particle directions with the simulated distribution that would be in the case of an isotropic particle flux. The dependences of the asymmetry on energy release in the PAMELA calorimeter and on time have been constructed. The asymmetry (N (n) - N (s) )/(N (n) + N (s) ) is 0.06 +/- 0.004 at the threshold energy release in the calorimeter and gradually decreases with increasing energy release. The observed effect is shown to be produced by electrons in the energy range 10-100 GeV.
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21. |
- Koldobskiy, S. A., et al.
(author)
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Measurement of galactic cosmic-ray deuteron spectrum in the PAMELA experiment
- 2013
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In: Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics. - : Allerton Press. - 1062-8738. ; 77:5, s. 606-608
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This work presents the results of measuring the deuteron spectrum of Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) with the PAMELA experiment. The PAMELA is an international experiment. Its main objectives are to search for antimatter and measure proton, helium nuclei, electron, and positron spectra over a wide range of energies. In addition, the experimental setup allows the detection of deuterons and the reconstruction of their spectra at low energies. Cosmic ray deuteron spectrum and the deuteron-proton ratio measured in the PAMELA experiment in the energy range of 50-650 MeV/nucleon are presented below.
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22. |
- Koldobskiy, S., et al.
(author)
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Measuring the albedo deuteron flux in the PAMELA satellite experiment
- 2015
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In: Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics. - 1062-8738. ; 79:3, s. 294-297
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The results of measuring albedo deuteron fluxes in the vicinity of the Earth are presented. The data were obtained in the PAMELA experiment conducted aboard the Resurs DK-1 artificial Earth satellite. High-precision detectors of the instrument setup allow us to identify albedo deuterons and measure their spectra in the energy interval from 70 to 600 MeV/nucleon at altitudes of 350–600 km for different geomagnetic latitudes.
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23. |
- Adriani, O., et al.
(author)
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Cosmic-Ray Positron Energy Spectrum Measured by PAMELA
- 2013
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In: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 111:8, s. 081102-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Precision measurements of the positron component in the cosmic radiation provide important information about the propagation of cosmic rays and the nature of particle sources in our Galaxy. The satellite-borne experiment PAMELA has been used to make a new measurement of the cosmic-ray positron flux and fraction that extends previously published measurements up to 300 GeV in kinetic energy. The combined measurements of the cosmic-ray positron energy spectrum and fraction provide a unique tool to constrain interpretation models. During the recent solar minimum activity period from July 2006 to December 2009, approximately 24 500 positrons were observed. The results cannot be easily reconciled with purely secondary production, and additional sources of either astrophysical or exotic origin may be required.
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24. |
- Adriani, O., et al.
(author)
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Measurements of cosmic-ray proton and helium spectra with the PAMELA calorimeter
- 2013
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In: Advances in Space Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0273-1177 .- 1879-1948. ; 51:2, s. 219-226
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present a new measurement of the cosmic ray proton and helium spectra by the PAMELA experiment performed using the "thin" (in terms of nuclei interactions) sampling electromagnetic calorimeter. The described method, optimized by using Monte Carlo simulation, beam test and experimental data, allows the spectra to be measured up to 10 TeV, thus extending the PAMELA observational range based on the magnetic spectrometer measurement.
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25. |
- Adriani, O., et al.
(author)
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Measurements of quasi-trapped electron and positron fluxes with PAMELA
- 2009
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In: Journal of Geophysical Research. - 0148-0227 .- 2156-2202. ; 114, s. A12218-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents precise measurements of the differential energy spectra of quasi-trapped secondary electrons and positrons and their ratio between 80 MeV and 10 GeV in the near-equatorial region (altitudes between 350 km and 600 km). Latitudinal dependences of the spectra are analyzed in detail. The results were obtained from July until November 2006 onboard the Resurs-DK satellite by the PAMELA spectrometer, a general purpose cosmic ray detector system built around a permanent magnet spectrometer and a silicon-tungsten calorimeter.
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