| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Olsson, Mia, et al.
(författare)
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The dog as a genetic model for immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency : Identification of several breeds with low serum IgA concentrations
- 2014
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Ingår i: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-2427 .- 1873-2534. ; 60:3-4, s. 255-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Immunoglobulin A (IgA) serves as the basis of the secretory immune system by protecting the lining of mucosal sites from pathogens. In both humans and dogs, IgA deficiency (IgAD) is associated with recurrent infections of mucosal sites and immune-mediated diseases. Low concentrations of serum IgA have previously been reported to occur in a number of dog breeds but no generally accepted cut-off value has been established for canine IgAD. The current study represents the largest screening to date of IgA in dogs in terms of both number of dogs (n = 1267) and number of breeds studied (n = 22). Serum IgA concentrations were quantified by using capture ELISA and were found to vary widely between breeds. We also found IgA to be positively correlated with age (p < 0.0001). Apart from the two breeds previously reported as predisposed to low IgA (Shar-Pei and German shepherd), we identified six additional breeds in which > 10% of all tested dogs had very low (<0.07 g/l) IgA concentrations (Hovawart, Norwegian elkhound, Nova Scotia duck tolling retriever, Bullterrier, Golden retriever and Labrador retriever). In addition, we discovered low IgA concentrations to be significantly associated with canine atopic dermatitis (CAD, p < 0.0001) and pancreatic acinar atrophy (PAA, p = 0.04) in German shepherds.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Ahlgren, Kerstin. M, et al.
(författare)
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Diabetes mellitus in dog - : No evidence for a type-1-like phenotype
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aims/hypothesis Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in dogs, and is commonly proposed to be of autoimmune origin. Although the clinical symptoms of human type 1 diabetes (T1D) and canine DM are similar, the aetiologies may differ. The aim of this study was to investigate if autoimmune aetiology resembling human T1D is as prevalent in dogs as previously reported. Methods Sera from 121 diabetic dogs representing 38 different breeds were tested for islet cell antibodies (ICA) and GAD65 autoantibodies (GADA) and compared with sera from 133 healthy dogs from 40 breeds. ICA was detected by indirect immunofluorescence using both canine and human frozen sections. GADA was detected by in vitro transcription and translation (ITT) of human and canine GAD65, followed by immunoprecipitation. Results None of the canine sera analyzed tested positive for ICA on sections of frozen canine or human ICA pancreas. However, serum from one diabetic dog was weakly positive in the canine GADA assay and serum from one healthy dog was weakly positive in the human GADA assay. Conclusions/interpretations Based on sera from 121 diabetic dogs from 38 different breeds were tested for humoral autoreactivity using four different assays, contrary to previous observations, we find no support for an autoimmune aetiology in canine diabetes.
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| 5. |
- Ahlgren, Kerstin M, et al.
(författare)
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Lack of evidence for a role of islet autoimmunity in the aetiology of canine diabetes mellitus
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:8, s. e105473-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS/HYPOTHESIS:Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine disorders in dogs and is commonly proposed to be of autoimmune origin. Although the clinical presentation of human type 1 diabetes (T1D) and canine diabetes are similar, the aetiologies may differ. The aim of this study was to investigate if autoimmune aetiology resembling human T1D is as prevalent in dogs as previously reported.METHODS:Sera from 121 diabetic dogs representing 40 different breeds were tested for islet cell antibodies (ICA) and GAD65 autoantibodies (GADA) and compared with sera from 133 healthy dogs. ICA was detected by indirect immunofluorescence using both canine and human frozen sections. GADA was detected by in vitro transcription and translation (ITT) of human and canine GAD65, followed by immune precipitation. Sections of pancreata from five diabetic dogs and two control dogs were examined histopathologically including immunostaining for insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreas polypeptide.RESULTS:None of the canine sera analysed tested positive for ICA on sections of frozen canine or human ICA pancreas. However, serum from one diabetic dog was weakly positive in the canine GADA assay and serum from one healthy dog was weakly positive in the human GADA assay. Histopathology showed marked degenerative changes in endocrine islets, including vacuolisation and variable loss of immune-staining for insulin. No sign of inflammation was noted.CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATIONS:Contrary to previous observations, based on results from tests for humoral autoreactivity towards islet proteins using four different assays, and histopathological examinations, we do not find any support for an islet autoimmune aetiology in canine diabetes mellitus.
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| 6. |
- Ahlgren, Kerstin, M., et al.
(författare)
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Type I Interferon signature in Nova Scotia duck tolling retriever dogs with steroid responsive meningitis-arteritis
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective: Dogs of the breed Nova Scotia duck tolling retriever (NSDTR) are prone to develop a disease complex in some aspects resembling human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from human SLE patients have an increased mRNA expression type I interferon (IFN) regulated genes. However, it is unknown whether diseased dogs also display the typical type I IFN signature. Methods: To test canine sera for their capacity to induce type I IFN response Mardin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells were cultured with sera from healthy dogs (n=25), immune-mediated rheumatic disease (IMRD) dogs with anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA+) (n=30) or dogs with steroid responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA) (n=25). mRNA expression of the genes MX1, IFIT1 and CXCL10 was measured by quantitative Real Time PCR. Results: A highly significant (p=0.0009) increase in mRNA expression of the type I IFN responsive gene MX1 was detected in cells stimulated by sera from dogs with SRMA, but not from IMRD ANA+ dogs. Expression of IFIT1 was twice as high in cells stimulated by sera from dogs with SRMA compared to both healthy dogs and ANA+ dogs. The mean expression of CXCL10 was nearly ten times higher in cells stimulated by sera from SRMA dogs than by ANA+ dogs and four times higher compared to cells stimulated by control dogs. Conclusion: Presence of type I IFN in sera from diseased NSDTR dogs was found in this study. This implies that this canine model can be used for identification of pathways of importance for autoimmune disorders in humans and for testing of novel therapeutic approaches. Our results can also be a step on the way towards personalized drugs in these dogs.
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| 7. |
- Ambrose, Anna, Fil dr. 1970-
(författare)
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Att navigera på en lokal skolmarknad:en studie av valfrihetens geografi i tre skolor
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis explores and analyses how school choices are made and perceived in an urban local school market. The thesis uses concepts from the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu and theories working with the concept of place and space. Using ethnographical methods, it explores the geography of school choice, while the empirical material describes and analyses school choices in a local school market structured by socio-economic as well as symbolic boundaries. The five empirical chapters discuss and analyse imaginary geographies, school habitus, hot and cold knowledge, and symbolic boundaries. The concluding chapter discusses the main findings and addresses some questions regarding how to make the educational system more equitable.
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| 8. |
- Ambrose, Anna, 1970-
(författare)
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Att navigera på en skolmarknad : en studie av valfrihetens geografi i tre skolor
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Avhandlingen beskriver och analyserar hur skolvalfriheten som policy, det vill säga uppfattad möjlighet och hot tar sig i uttryck i vardaglig praktik. Aspekter av diskurser, praktiker analyseras i avhandlingen utifrån olika aktörers handlingshorisonter. Avhandlingens kontext består av en urbant belägen lokal skolmarknad, inom vilken aktörers praktiker och strategier undersöks. Avhandlingen behandlas således hur ungdomar, familjer och skolprofessionella navigerar skolvalfriheten i en alltmer polariserad och storstadsregion. Teoretiskt ramas studien in av Pierre Bourdieu sociologi samt koncept från det kulturgeografiska fältet. Metodeoliskt bygger avhandlingen på empiri insamlat med etnografiska metoder under läsåret 2012-2013. I de fem empiriska kapitlen diskuteras hur föreställda geografier, skolhabitus, rykten och symboliska gränser förhandlas av studiens aktörer. I det avslutande kapitlet diskuteras och analyseras avhandlingens främsta bidrag. Kapitlet lyfter också några frågeställningar som måste adresseras för ett mer jämlikt utbildningssystem.
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| 9. |
- Anell, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Portfoliometoden
- 2000
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Ingår i: Kom och läs. - Stockholm : Natur och kultur. - 9789127732445 ; , s. 12-19
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Bianchi, Matteo, et al.
(författare)
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A Multi-Breed Genome-Wide Association Analysis for Canine Hypothyroidism Identifies a Shared Major Risk Locus on CFA12
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hypothyroidism is a complex clinical condition found in both humans and dogs, thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. In this study we present a multi-breed analysis of predisposing genetic risk factors for hypothyroidism in dogs using three high-risk breeds-the Gordon Setter, Hovawart and the Rhodesian Ridgeback. Using a genome-wide association approach and meta-analysis, we identified a major hypothyroidism risk locus shared by these breeds on chromosome 12 (p = 2.1x10(-11)). Further characterisation of the candidate region revealed a shared similar to 167 kb risk haplotype (4,915,018-5,081,823 bp), tagged by two SNPs in almost complete linkage disequilibrium. This breed-shared risk haplotype includes three genes (LHFPL5, SRPK1 and SLC26A8) and does not extend to the dog leukocyte antigen (DLA) class II gene cluster located in the vicinity. These three genes have not been identified as candidate genes for hypothyroid disease previously, but have functions that could potentially contribute to the development of the disease. Our results implicate the potential involvement of novel genes and pathways for the development of canine hypothyroidism, raising new possibilities for screening, breeding programmes and treatments in dogs. This study may also contribute to our understanding of the genetic etiology of human hypothyroid disease, which is one of the most common endocrine disorders in humans.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Bianchi, Matteo, et al.
(författare)
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Whole-genome genotyping and resequencing reveal the association of a deletion in the complex interferon alpha gene cluster with hypothyroidism in dogs
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Genomics. - : BMC. - 1471-2164. ; 21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Hypothyroidism is a common complex endocrinopathy that typically has an autoimmune etiology, and it affects both humans and dogs. Genetic and environmental factors are both known to play important roles in the disease development. In this study, we sought to identify the genetic risk factors potentially involved in the susceptibility to the disease in the high-risk Giant Schnauzer dog breed.Results: By employing genome-wide association followed by fine-mapping (top variant p-value=5.7x10(-6)), integrated with whole-genome resequencing and copy number variation analysis, we detected a similar to 8.9 kbp deletion strongly associated (p-value=0.0001) with protection against development of hypothyroidism. The deletion is located between two predicted Interferon alpha (IFNA) genes and it may eliminate functional elements potentially involved in the transcriptional regulation of these genes. Remarkably, type I IFNs have been extensively associated to human autoimmune hypothyroidism and general autoimmunity. Nonetheless, the extreme genomic complexity of the associated region on CFA11 warrants further long-read sequencing and annotation efforts in order to ascribe functions to the identified deletion and to characterize the canine IFNA gene cluster in more detail.Conclusions: Our results expand the current knowledge on genetic determinants of canine hypothyroidism by revealing a significant link with the human counterpart disease, potentially translating into better diagnostic tools across species, and may contribute to improved canine breeding strategies.
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| 13. |
- Båth, Katarina, 1977-
(författare)
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Ironins skiftningar — jagets förvandlingar : Om romantisk ironi och subjektets paradox i texter av P. D. A. Atterbom
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation explores the intimate relationship between irony and romantic subjectivity, by drawing on feminist psychoanalytical theory, via an examination of the shiftings of irony, and humor, in the works of the Swedish romanticist P. D. A. Atterbom (1790–1855). It looks at the critical role played by irony in the formation of Romantic subjectivity, and explores irony’s potential to undermine dualistically gendered notions of subject-object relations. For Atterbom, irony is an aesthetic concept closely related to drama, informed not only by German Romantic-ironic theorists such as Friedrich Schlegel and Jean Paul, but also by the works of Shakespeare, Ludwig Tieck, and E. T. A. Hoffmann.The thesis follows the shiftings of Romantic irony in Atterbom’s major literary texts: the cycle of poems Blommorna [The Flowers] (1811), where the Ovidian transformations are used metafictively to play with the relation between poet, poem, and reader; and the literary satire Rimmarbandet [The Rhyme Band] (1810), which, inspired by Tieck’s Der Gestiefelte Kater (1797), uses the metafictive theatre-in-the-theatre motif, as well as carnivalesque and grotesque motifs to expose contrived theatricality and homosocial misogyny in the prevailing culture. The dynamic between the satirist’s subject and the attacked object is a polarized power struggle, where revolt is followed by submission. In this respect, Romantic satire is here conservative. In the fairy tale play Lycksalighetens ö [Island of Felicity] (1824–27), tragedy’s irony is a dialectic between the ideal and the real that strives to create both inner and outer renewal. The play reaches out metafictively to the reader and turns her/him into the poet of a new version of the fairy tale. The reading/writing process inscribed in the work thus becomes a form of renewal and liberation from grief, and old, patriarchal gender roles. Finally, the humorous, unfinished idyll Fågel Blå [Blue Bird] (1814, 1818, 1858) is a work in many pieces, a fragment, a sketch and a non finito that together stages a restorative creative process, where the reader is asked to take part in joining together the scattered parts of Blue Bird itself.To conclude, irony is a feature of Romanticism, which makes the Romantic, literary subject relational and dialogical, open to its Other, and herein lies a form of ethics and an escape from a conventional, patriarchal notion of the self. I discuss this with Julia Kristeva’s theories on how subjectivity changes when it becomes poetic and Jessica Benjamin’s Winnicott-influenced theory of how play can offer a way out from patriarchy’s strict gender roles. The shiftings of irony in Atterbom’s work show a development from the satirical subject, where an aggressive form of self-assertion conceals a lack of individuality – via tragedy’s painstaking efforts to integrate repressed aspects of the self – to the idyll’s more harmonious subject, who has the capacity to laugh at him/herself and see both the grotesque in the holy, and the holy in the grotesque.
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| 14. |
- Edler, David, et al.
(författare)
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The expression of the novel CYP2W1 enzyme is an independent prognostic factor in colorectal cancer : a pilot study.
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-8049 .- 1879-0852. ; 45:4, s. 705-712
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are important for drug metabolism. A novel cytochrome P450 enzyme, CYP2W1, has recently been identified. This enzyme is mainly found in foetal colon tissue and in tumour tissue. In this pilot study, we have investigated the expression of CYP2W1 in 162 tumours from patients with stages II and III colorectal cancer. METHODS The expression of CYP2W1 enzyme was immunohistochemically detected using a polyclonal antibody. Staining intensity was defined using a visual grading scale from 0 to 3. Grades 0-2 were classified as low, and grade 3 was classified as high expression of CYP2W1. RESULTS About 64% of the tumours expressed a low level of CYP2W1-expression, and 36% expressed a high level. CYP2W1-expression was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (p=0.007), where a high expression was associated with a worse clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS Immunohistochemically assessed expression of CYP2W1 is an independent prognostic factor in patients with stages II and III colorectal cancer.
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| 15. |
- Eklund, D. Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Homologues of the Arabidopsis thaliana SHI/STY/LRP1 genes control auxin biosynthesis and affect growth and development in the moss Physcomitrella patens
- 2010
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Ingår i: Development. - : The Company of Biologists. - 0950-1991 .- 1477-9129. ; 137:8, s. 1275-1284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The plant hormone auxin plays fundamental roles in vascular plants. Although exogenous auxin also stimulates developmental transitions and growth in non-vascular plants, the effects of manipulating endogenous auxin levels have thus far not been reported. Here, we have altered the levels and sites of auxin production and accumulation in the moss Physcomitrella patens by changing the expression level of homologues of the Arabidopsis SHI/STY family proteins, which are positive regulators of auxin biosynthesis genes. Constitutive expression of PpSHI1 resulted in elevated auxin levels, increased and ectopic expression of the auxin response reporter GmGH3pro:GUS, and in an increased caulonema/chloronema ratio, an effect also induced by exogenous auxin application. In addition, we observed premature ageing and necrosis in cells ectopically expressing PpSHI1. Knockout of either of the two PpSHI genes resulted in reduced auxin levels and auxin biosynthesis rates in leafy shoots, reduced internode elongation, delayed ageing, a decreased caulonema/chloronema ratio and an increased number of axillary hairs, which constitute potential auxin biosynthesis sites. Some of the identified auxin functions appear to be analogous in vascular and non-vascular plants. Furthermore, the spatiotemporal expression of the PpSHI genes and GmGH3pro:GUS strongly overlap, suggesting that local auxin biosynthesis is important for the regulation of auxin peak formation in non-vascular plants.
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| 16. |
- Eklund, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction of a multimodal pain rehabilitation intervention in primary care : a pilot study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine - Clinical Communications. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 2003-0711. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate patient-reported outcome measures in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain 1 year after participation in a case manager-led multimodal rehabilitation intervention in a Finnish primary care centre. Changes in healthcare utilization (HCU) were also explored.Methods: A prospective pilot study with 36 participants. The intervention consisted of screening, multidisciplinary team assessment, a rehabilitation plan and case manager follow-up. Data were collected through questionnaires filled in after the team assessment and 1 year later. HCU data 1 year before and 1 year after team assessment were compared.Results: At follow-up, satisfaction with vocational situation, self-reported work ability and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) had improved and pain intensity had diminished significantly for all participants. The participants who reduced their HCU improved their activity level and HRQoL. Early intervention by a psychologist and mental health nurse was distinctive for the participants who reduced HCU at follow-up.Conclusion: The findings demonstrate the importance of early biopsychosocial management of patients with chronic pain in primary care. Identification of psychological risk factors at an early stage may lead to better psychosocial wellbeing, improve coping strategy and reduce HCU. A case manager may free up other resources and thereby contribute to cost savings.
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| 17. |
- Fondell, Elinor, et al.
(författare)
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Physical Activity, Stress, and Self-Reported Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
- 2011
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Ingår i: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0195-9131 .- 1530-0315. ; 43:2, s. 272-279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is the most common reason for seeking primary care in many countries. Still, little is known about potential strategies to reduce susceptibility. We investigated the relationships between physical activity level, perceived stress, and incidence of self-reported URTI. Methods: We conducted a population-based prospective cohort study of 1509 Swedish men and women aged 20-60 yr with a follow-up period of 4 months. We used a Web-based questionnaire to assess disease status and lifestyle factors at the start of the study. We assessed physical activity and inactivity as total MET-hours (MET task) per day and perceived stress by the 14-item Perceived Stress Scale. Participants were contacted every 3 wk via e-mail to assess incidence of URTI. They reported a total of 1181 occurrences of URTI. We used Poisson regression models to control for age, sex, and other potential confounding factors. Results: We found that high levels of physical activity (>= 55 MET.h.d(-1)) were associated with an 18% reduced risk (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.69-0.98) of self-reporting URTI compared with low levels of physical activity (< 45 MET.h.d(-1)). This association was stronger among those reporting high levels of stress (IRR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.43-0.78), especially among men (IRR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.24-0.59), but absent in the group with low levels of stress. Conclusions: We found that high physical activity was associated with a lower risk of contracting URTI for both men and women. In addition, we found that highly stressed people, particularly men, appear to benefit more from physical activity than those with lower stress levels.
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| 18. |
- Gidlund, Katarina L, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Undisclosed creators of digitalization : A critical analysis of representational practices
- 2021
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Ingår i: Information Polity. - : IOS Press. - 1570-1255 .- 1875-8754. ; 26:1, s. 3-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to study over- and under representational practices in governmental expert advisory groups on digitalization to open up a dialogue on translations of digitalization. By uncovering how meanings converge and interpretations associated with technology are stabilized or maybe even closed, this research is positioned within a critical research tradition. The chosen analytical framework stretches from technological culture (i.e., how and where the myths and symbolic narratives are constructed), and a focus on the process of interpretation (i.e., the flexibility in how digitalization could be translated and attached to different political goals and values) to a dimension of firstness (addressing education, professional experiences and geographical position to explore dominance and power aspects). The results reveal a homogeneity that is potentially problematic and raises questions about the frames for interpreting what digitalization could and should be and do. We argue that the strong placement of digitalization in the knowledge base disclosed in this study hinders digitalization from being more knowledgeably translated.
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| 19. |
- Gidlund, Katarina L, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Undisclosed Practices of Digitalization - A critical analysis of representational practice and power
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to study governmental expert advisory groups on digitalization in order to see if there are some common characteristics inside the group and some relevant characteristics left out that would significantly influence the shared understandings’ and translations of digitalization. The underpinnings are that it is important to study digital representational practices at all levels and that this level often escapes scrutiny. Furthermore, we need to stay close to material performances in order to open up a discussion whether, as a consequence, some translations might come to dominate others, if meanings converge and the technological frame is stabilized, or maybe even closed. The chosen analytical framework stretches from a link in between historical contextuality and technological culture (as in how and where myths and symbolic narratives are constructed), the focus on the process of interpretation (as in the flexibility in how digitalization could be translated and attached to different political goals and values) and a dimension of professional identities and communities of practice when addressing historical contextuality (as in using education and professional experiences and position to explore dominance and power aspects). The results show a homogeneity that is problematic and raises questions of the frames for interpreting what digitalization could and should be and do. We argue that the strong placing of digitalization in the knowledge base disclosed in this study hinders digitalization to be more knowledgeably translated.
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| 20. |
- Gidlund, Katarina L, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Unveiling 100 years of digitalization as a scholarly object
- 2022
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Ingår i: First Monday. - : University of Illinois Libraries. - 1396-0466. ; 27:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digitalization is frequently mentioned in government policies and academic discourse where it is often being associated with expectations of societal rebirth and large-scale changes. However, little attention has been given to evolutionary aspects of the phenomenon of digitalization. Thus, in this paper, we aim to contribute by focusing on the concept of digitalization in a structured manner and answering the following question: How has the concept of digitalization travelled throughout academic discourse? To focus on digitalization as a scholarly object, we utilized bibliometric analyses of research articles ranging across 10 decades. We produced bibliographic maps of keywords and co-citation networks of sources and performed visual cluster analysis of these maps using techniques from VOSviewer and ScientoPy bibliometric software. This operation was conducted to facilitate discussion on the evolution of digitalization from a semi-genealogical perspective and to open up a discussion on continuity, density, convergence, and digitalization as a signifier. By combining bibliometric data with genealogical analysis, we identified how digitalization has traveled from specific contexts (medical use and information conversion) to a more general use after the turn of the millennium. Moreover, a pattern of convergence during the last decade surfaced, where digitalization has become associated with ideas of a digitally transformed society. Through these findings, this paper contributes to current literature on digitalization with a novel analysis of the term’s evolution.
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| 21. |
- Gospic, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Altruism costs-the cheap signal from amygdala
- 2014
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Ingår i: Social Cognitive & Affective Neuroscience. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1749-5016 .- 1749-5024. ; 9:9, s. 1325-1332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When people state their willingness to pay for something, the amount usually differs from the behavior in a real purchase situation. The discrepancy between a hypothetical answer and the real act is called hypothetical bias. We investigated neural processes of hypothetical bias regarding monetary donations to public goods using fMRI with the hypothesis that amygdala codes for real costs. Real decisions activated amygdala more than hypothetical decisions. This was observed for both accepted and rejected proposals. The more the subjects accepted real donation proposals the greater was the activity in rostral anterior cingulate cortex-a region known to control amygdala but also neural processing of the cost-benefit difference. The presentation of a charitable donation goal evoked an insula activity that predicted the later decision to donate. In conclusion, we have identified the neural mechanisms underlying real donation behavior, compatible with theories on hypothetical bias. Our findings imply that the emotional system has an important role in real decision making as it signals what kind of immediate cost and reward an outcome is associated with.
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| 22. |
- Hanson, Jeanette, et al.
(författare)
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Endokrina sjukdomar hos hund
- 2012
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Ingår i: Svensk Veterinärtidning. - 0346-2250. ; , s. 23-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 23. |
- Heidlund, Marcus
(författare)
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Clash of Modernities in a Digital Age
- 2023
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The importance of digitalization is increasingly recognised in academia, practice, and social life as a whole. In discussions of digitalization, the terms “transformative” or “transformation” are used to highlight the future ideal future as a result from intensified use of computers and digitalized technology. In the pursuit of this desired future, the notion of modern comes to mind, with Latour’s statement that how modern and non-modern are a demarcation of time: when something is modern, it is of a different time. Thus, in order to study digitalization with an emphasis on the larger, transformative scale and considering different interests, this thesis provides an exposé the phenomenon of digitalization’s wider ramifications using theories of modernity. Whilst modernity theories have been extensively used in sociology, they have rarely been applied in information systems or e-Government research. To operationalise modernity theories, first and second (reflexive) modernity are used. The thesis is based on three research papers on the Swedish public-sector context, focusing on digitalization and regional development (Paper I), municipal policies (Paper II), and local municipal employees’ translations of their digitalization policy (Paper III). In order to aid me in looking into digitalization I drew on previous research from fields such as philosophy of technology and science and technology studies, which have long studied technology in relation to society. The analysis revealed two distinct ideas. The first is that of digitalization as an efficient juggernaut, a large runaway engine going full throttle towards its desired destination: a digitalized society that utilises all of the benefits digitalization provides. Second, Latour’s notion, described in We Have Never Been Modern, of the public sector as stuck reproducing 19th century values of industrialisation, when closer inspection reveals that these 19th century values of efficiency, control, and rationality are not equipped to handle second modernity issues such as democracy and participation. The contribution of this thesis is twofold: i) a theoretical contribution, using modernity as a theoretical lens in order to understand digitalization and society; and ii) a methodological contribution, operationalising the discursive landscape of digitalization, using different levels of analysis to aggregate the findings to a higher abstraction level. Suggestions for future research include consideration of the problems regarding democracy and participation, which were the core of Scandinavian information systems research during the latter half of the 20th century. I advocate for revisiting these ideas and taking inspiration from both critical information systems and participatory design in Scandinavia.
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| 24. |
- Hellberg, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Ett nationellt sammanhållet system för kunskapsbaserad vård : ett system, många möjligheter
- 2020
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Utredningens förslag har primärt två syften. Förslagen syftar dels till att öka förutsättningarna för staten att göra de insatser som mest effektivt bidrar till att målen med hälso- och sjukvården nås, dels till att öka förutsättningarna för hälso- och sjukvårdens professioner att arbeta kunskapsbaserat.Hälso- och sjukvården är en komplex verksamhet med många olika aktörer. För att få ihop hälso- och sjukvården till en fungerande helhet behövs strukturer och väl fungerande samarbeten.Utredningens uppdrag handlar i grunden om att utveckla och stärka strukturer, förutsättningar och samarbeten för att nå en god vård. Utredningens samlade förslag, bedömningar och rekommendationer bidrar till bättre förutsättningar för en långsiktig utveckling där staten, regionerna och kommunerna kan arbeta tillsammans mot målen med hälso- och sjukvården och därmed skapa värde för patienten. Detta görs genom att:• underlätta för regeringen att styra mer strategiskt, kunskapsbaserat och långsiktigt hållbart. En förbättrad uppföljning av statliga initiativ och ett mer strukturerat samarbete mellan myndigheterna bidrar till att skapa ett utvecklat underlag för regeringens beslut om nya insatser.• förutsättningar för att arbeta kunskapsbaserat lokalt i regioner och kommuner stärks bl.a. genom att staten fortsätter att utveckla sitt stöd. Mer fokus än i dag läggs på stöd till den kommunala hälso- och sjukvården.• ett nationellt sammanhållet system för kunskapsbaserad vård får långsiktiga förutsättningar att utvecklas genom att en överenskommelse sluts mellan stat, regioner och kommuner. Principer och strukturer för ett långsiktigt samarbete läggs fast där några centrala utgångspunkter är en gemensam målbild samt principer för prioriterings- och arbetsprocesser.
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- Hueso Estornell, Leandro, et al.
(författare)
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SHI/STY Genes Affect Pre- and Post-meiotic Anther Processes in Auxin Sensing Domains in Arabidopsis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Plant Science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-462X. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In flowering plants, mature sperm cells are enclosed in pollen grains formed in structures called anthers. Several cell layers surrounding the central sporogenous cells of the anther are essential for directing the developmental processes that lead to meiosis, pollen formation, and the subsequent pollen release. The specification and function of these tissues are regulated by a large number of genetic factors. Additionally, the plant hormone auxin has previously been shown to play important roles in the later phases of anther development. Using the R2D2 auxin sensor system we here show that auxin is sensed also in the early phases of anther cell layer development, suggesting that spatiotemporal regulation of auxin levels is important for early anther morphogenesis. Members of the SHI/STY transcription factor family acting as direct regulators of YUC auxin biosynthesis genes have previously been demonstrated to affect early anther patterning. Using reporter constructs we show that SHI/STY genes are dynamically active throughout anther development and their expression overlaps with those of three additional downstream targets, PAO5,EOD3 and PGL1. Characterization of anthers carrying mutations in five SHI/STY genes clearly suggests that SHI/STY transcription factors affect anther organ identity. In addition, their activity is important to repress periclinal cell divisions as well as premature entrance into programmed cell death and cell wall lignification, which directly influences the timing of anther dehiscence and the pollen viability. The SHI/STY proteins also prevent premature pollen germination suggesting that they may play a role in the induction or maintenance of pollen dormancy.
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