| 1. |
- Beausang, Angela, et al.
(author)
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"Möjligheten att rädda några av dessa kvinnors liv har inte vägts in"
- 2014
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In: Dagens Medicin. - : Dagens Medicin.
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Namnet på Socialstyrelsens vägledning lyder: Hur upptäcka våldsutsatthet? Ja, det kan man verkligen fråga sig efter att ha läst detta föga vägledande dokument, skriver ett stort antal kritiska debattörer.
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| 2. |
- Herlitz, Johan, 1949, et al.
(author)
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Morbidity and quality of life 5 years after early intervention with metoprolol in suspected acute myocardial infarction.
- 1988
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In: Cardiology. - : Karger AG. - 0008-6312 .- 1421-9751. ; 75:5, s. 357-64
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 1,395 patients in the age range 40-74 years participating in a double-blind trial with metoprolol in suspected acute myocardial infarction morbidity and quality of life were assessed during the first 5 years after randomization. During the first 3 months patients were given 200 mg metoprolol daily or placebo. Thereafter the two groups were treated similarly. Mortality during 5 years was 24.2% in patients originally randomized to metoprolol versus 25.7% in patients originally randomized to placebo (p greater than 0.2). No difference was observed regarding reinfarction rate, stroke or occurrence of bypass surgery during the 5-year follow-up. During the first 3 months 10% of patients in the metoprolol group were rehospitalized for various reasons versus 13% in the placebo group. The corresponding figures for 5 years were 59 and 60%, respectively. Among patients surviving 5 years 84% in both groups were on some medication of which beta-blockade was the dominating one. Symptoms of chest pain, dyspnea, claudicatio, smoking habits and working capacity did not differ and neither did quality of life according to the Nottingham Health Profile. We thus conclude that morbidity and quality of life were not significantly affected 5 years after early intervention with metoprolol in patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction.
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| 3. |
- Wiklund, Ingela, et al.
(author)
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New parents’ experience of information and sense of security related to postnatal care : A systematic review
- 2018
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In: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 1877-5756 .- 1877-5764. ; 17, s. 35-42
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Becoming a parent is often a tumultuous experience and a great challenge. The transition when a child is born is described affecting the parents and their relationship psychically, physically, mentally and emotionally. Information within care should be relevant and supportive. Furthermore information within the context of care should be relevant, supportive and helpful to parents in handling their new situation and increasing their self-reliance. Aim: To provide a contextualised understanding of how parents experience postnatal care in relation to information and sense of security”. Method: A systematic search was undertaken at PubMed and CINAHL database for literature published between January 2002 and August 2017. Inclusion criteria focused on postnatal care. Eight of the studies used qualitative methods and two of the studies used quantitative methods, as a result the findings could not be combined using meta-analysis or meta-synthesis, instead narrative synthesis of the findings were used. Results: Ten studies were included. The analysis revealed three categories related to parent's experience of information and sense of security during the postnatal period. These categories were; Expectations on the care; Own resources; and Confirmation. Support from staff and family is described as significant for the parents' sense of security. During the first postnatal week, the emotions were characterized by anxiety and/or fear. Parents prefer a “non-judgmental” attitude from the staff and to be met as an individual. Conclusion: Family -centred care such as continuity, participation, individually adaptation, consistent, information and preparation for parenting appear to be important components for parents' sense of security in postnatal care. © 2018
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Askelsdottir, B., et al.
(author)
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Home care after early discharge : Impact on healthy mothers and newborns
- 2013
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In: Midwifery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 29:8, s. 927-934
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: to compare early discharge with home care versus standard postpartum care in terms of mothers' sense of security; contact between mother, newborn and partner; emotions towards breast feeding; and breast-feeding duration at one and three months after birth. Design: retrospective case-control study. Setting: a labour ward unit in Stockholm, Sweden handling both normal and complicated births. Participants: 96 women with single, uncomplicated pregnancies and births, and their healthy newborns. Intervention: early discharge at 12-24 hours post partum with 2-3 home visits during the first week after birth. The intervention group consisted of women who had a normal vaginal birth (. n=45). This group was compared with healthy controls who received standard postnatal care at the hospital (. n=51). Instruments: mothers' sense of security was measured using the Parents' Postnatal Sense of Security Scale. Contact between mother, child and father, and emotions towards breast feeding were measured using the Alliance Scale, and breast-feeding rates at one and three months post partum were recorded. Findings: women in the intervention group reported a greater sense of security in the first postnatal week but had more negative emotions towards breast feeding compared with the control group. At three months post partum, 74% of the newborns in the intervention group were fully breast fed versus 93% in the control group (. p=0.021). Contact between the mother, newborn and partner did not differ between the groups. Conclusion: early discharge with home care is a feasible option for healthy women and newborns, but randomised controlled studies are needed to investigate the effects of home care on breast-feeding rates. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
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| 8. |
- Askelöf, U., et al.
(author)
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Wait a minute? : An observational cohort study comparing iron stores in healthy Swedish infants at 4 months of age after 10-, 60- and 180-second umbilical cord clamping
- 2017
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In: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group. - 2044-6055. ; 7:12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and objective: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a valuable stem cell source used for transplantation. Immediate umbilical cord (UC) clamping is widely practised, but delayed UC clamping is increasingly advocated to reduce possible infant anaemia. The aim of this study was to investigate an intermediate UC clamping time point and to evaluate iron status at the age of 4 months in infants who had the UC clamped after 60 s and compare the results with immediate and late UC clamping. Design: Prospective observational study with two historical controls. Setting: A university hospital in Stockholm, Sweden, and a county hospital in Halland, Sweden. Methods: Iron status was assessed at 4 months in 200 prospectively recruited term infants whose UC was clamped 60 s after birth. The newborn baby was held below the uterine level for the first 30 s before placing the infant on the mother's abdomen for additional 30 s. The results were compared with data from a previously conducted randomised controlled trial including infants subjected to UC clamping at ≤10 s (n=200) or ≥180 s (n=200) after delivery. Results: After adjustment for age differences at the time of follow-up, serum ferritin concentrations were 77, 103 and 114 μg/L in the 10, 60 and 180 s groups, respectively. The adjusted ferritin concentration was significantly higher in the 60 s group compared with the 10 s group (P=0.002), while the difference between the 60 and 180 s groups was not significant (P=0.29). Conclusion: In this study of healthy term infants, 60 s UC clamping with 30 s lowering of the baby below the uterine level resulted in higher serum ferritin concentrations at 4 months compared with 10 s UC clamping. The results suggest that delaying the UC clamping for 60 s reduces the risk for iron deficiency. © 2017 Article author(s).
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Bankel, Johan, et al.
(author)
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The CDIO syllabus: a comparative study of expected student proficiency
- 2003
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In: European Journal of Engineering Education. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0304-3797 .- 1469-5898. ; 28:3, s. 297-315
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Engineering students must graduate with command of a vast body of technical knowledge. They must possess personal, interpersonal and system-building skills to function in teams, and be prepared to produce products and systems. Their education must have been structured under a curriculum blending ability to combine technical expertise with ethical, innovative, philosophical and humanistic acumen. This paper describes a unique international collaboration among four universities to reform engineering education. The collaborators agreed to a statement of goals, which includes descriptions of knowledge, skills and attitudes vital to an effective education, and codifies proficiency levels expected of graduates. We developed and utilized unique stakeholder surveys both to validate our prototype and to determine desired proficiency levels. This collaboration resulted in The CDIO Syllabus, A Statement of Goals for Undergraduate Engineering Education. The syllabus is both a template and a process that can be used to customize the syllabus to others' programmes. It can define new educational initiatives/and be employed as the basis for rigorous assessment. This paper details how, with the input of industry, academia and others, we employed an engineering problem-solving paradigm to effect our redesign. It outlines the syllabus and the unique process employed to create it.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Bäckström, Ingela, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Are healthy and successful organizations working accordingly to Quality Management?
- 2009
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In: International journal of workplace health management. - : Emerald. - 1753-8351 .- 1753-836X. ; 2:3, s. 245-257
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine if healthy and successful organizations are working accordingly to Quality Management. The purpose is also to describe in more detail how they are working. Methodology/Approach Three Swedish organizations that have shown excellence in leadership, internal partnership, working environment and profitability have been examined, to find out what methodologies they have used for their success. To discover whether these healthy and successful organizations are working accordingly to Quality Management, Deming’s 14-point list has been used as an analytical tool. Findings Identified methodologies used by the healthy and successful organizations are described. Viewed in the light of our analysis, a relationship between the three examined healthy and successful organizations and Quality Management is indicated. Practical implications Working with the methodologies described in the paper, the three organizations have improved co-worker health. Other organizations could probably adopt the identified and described methodologies to improve the health of their co-workers and effectiveness in the organization. Originality/value Concerning the performance evaluation and the continuous improvement component in Quality Management, substantial contributions could be made to the health area by applying the tools that the quality area have used over a considerable period to improve the quality outcomes. Quality and health aspects have common success factors, and a focus on high quality could be seen as positive for health outcomes.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Bäckström, Ingela, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Learning from chaos : a necessity for adapting quality management to the future?
- 2007
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to describe the core leadership behavior in Change Oriented Leadership, the KaosPilots and Deming´s 14 points. Furthermore we aim to compare similarities and differences in these leadership behaviors, in order to propose new leadership behaviors within Quality Management to fit tomorrow´s more creativity based organizations. Methodology The research has been conducted through describing and comparing core leadership behaviors, in Change Oriented Leadership, KaosPilots and Deming´s 14-points. Findings Our comparison indicates that there are behaviors in the Change Oriented Leadership that are missing in Quality Management and probably would benefit organizations if they were adopted. The leadership that the KaosPilots addresses is different from the leadership in Quality Management in many ways but probably necessary to learn from to meet new demands from the customers and the co-workers. Originality/value Leadership within Quality Management developed with innovation and entrepreneurship from Change Oriented Leadership complimented with playfulness and chaos from the KaosPilots would most likely generate a more creative environment and thereby create more competitive organizations.
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| 16. |
- Bäckström, Ingela, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Learning from others to adapt Quality Management to the future
- 2011
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In: Total Quality Management and Business Excellence. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1478-3363 .- 1478-3371. ; 22:2, s. 187-196
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to compare leadership behaviours from two different approaches with the leadership behaviours within Quality Management in order to find possible areas for developing leadership within Quality Management. A case study has been carried out at a Swedish award-winning organisation in order to study leadership behaviours. In-depth interviews have been carried out with the intention to explore how the manager has worked to become one of Sweden’s best workplaces. Leadership behaviours from three different approaches are summarised in ‘The Core Leadership Behaviours’. The analysis of the leadership methodologies and behaviours used by the leaders and the ‘Core Leadership Behaviours’ from the three different approaches has been summarized for each approach. The comparison indicates that there are interesting leadership behaviours in Change Oriented Leadership as well as in KaosPilots that are not established within Quality Management. The leadership behaviours could complement Quality Management to meet new and challenging demands from customers and co-workers
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| 17. |
- Bäckström, Ingela, et al.
(author)
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Management methodologies for sustaniable health : a case study at three Swedish organisations
- 2005
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In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Quality Management for Organisational and Regional Development. ; , s. 703-712
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Good management and leadership are key-factors for sustainable development and long-term success in all types of organisations. Although, many organisations are still struggling with quality problems, sick absence and financial difficulties caused by poor top management. Many researchers have reported on relationships between good management and working environment, quality and efficiency. So the question is why god management is not practised to a larger extent? In this paper, management methodologies for sustainable health among employees, customer satisfaction and good bottom line results are explored by studying top leaders in three Swedish successful organisations. General questions dealt with in the paper are: How can managers commit employees to be part of the proactive work with sustainable health? And what methodologies can top managers use to get well-motivated employees, a good working environment, satisfied customers and good financial results? The studied organisations are two manufacturing companies and one hospital. The organisations have received national awards for their excellence in leadership, internal partnership, working environment and efficiency. They all demonstrate good examples of long-term work with sustainable health among employees which has decreased sick absence. Explorative qualitative methods have been used to identify management methodologies in the case organisations. The results confirm a relation between leadership and sustainable health. In all organisations sustainable leadership has been characterised by great humanity, a long-range perspective and a holistic view of management. These management methodologies with concrete examples have been described in the paper. The leadership has led to healthier organizations with more committed and satisfied employees, and the indicated relationships between sustainable leadership, improved health among employees, satisfied co-workers and bottom line results among the case organisations probably demonstrate a significant improvement potential for today's organizations.
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| 18. |
- Bäckström, Ingela, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Management methodologies for sustaniable health : A case study at three Swedish organisations
- 2005
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In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Quality Management for Organisational and Regional Development : QMOD 2005. - Luleå. ; , s. 703-712, s. 703-712
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Good management and leadership are key factors for sustainable development and long-term success in all types of organisations. Nevertheless, many organisations are still struggling with quality problems, sick ness absence and financial difficulties caused by poor top management. Many researchers have reported on relationships between good management and working environment, quality and efficiency. So the question is why good management is not practised to a greater extent. In this paper, management methodologies for sustainable health among employees and consequent customer satisfaction and good bottom line results are explored by studying top leaders in three Swedish successful organisations. General questions dealt with in the paper are: How can managers commit employees to be part of the proactive work with sustainable health? What methodologies can top managers use to get well-motivated employees, a good working environment, satisfied customers and good financial results? The studied organisations are two manufacturing companies and one hospital. The organisations have received national awards for their excellence in leadership, internal partnership, working environment and efficiency. They all demonstrate good examples of long-term work with sustainable health among employees which has decreased sick ness absence. Explorative qualitative methods have been used to identify management methodologies in the case organisations. The results confirm a relation between leadership and sustainable health. In all organisations sustainable leadership has been characterised by great humanity, a long-range perspective and a holistic view of management. These management methodologies with concrete examples are described in the paper.
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| 19. |
- Bäckström, Ingela, et al.
(author)
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Measuring the Starting Points for a Lean Journey
- 2012
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In: 15 th QMOD conference. - Poznan : Agence Reklamova Comprint. - 9788389333469 ; , s. 146-156
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AbstractPurpose –The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the importance of measuring the startingpoint of improvement work focusing on soft values and to present one way of measuring thestarting point of a Lean implementation. The purpose is also to describe the Leanimplementation planned within a municipal division and also to present their measuredstarting conditions.Methodology/approach –A literature study, with Lean implementation, measuring startingpoints for improvement work, soft values and the effects of the improvement work in focushas been carried out. Documents from the planned Lean implementation within a municipaldivision have been studied. To measure the conditions for the implementation a previouslyconducted measurement approach that measured health-related Quality Management was used.Findings –The paper contains an argument for the importance of measuring the effect of aLean implementation with a focus on soft values and measuring starting points. A descriptionof one planned Lean implementation within a municipal division and their starting conditionsare presented.Practical implications –To measure the conditions at the starting point of a Leanimplementation gives managers information to help them focus on important improvementareas. A description of a Lean implementation can help other organizations to plan theirimplementation.
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| 20. |
- Bäckström, Ingela, 1963-
(author)
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On the Relationship between Sustainable Health and Quality Management : Leadership and organizational behaviours from Swedish organizations
- 2009
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Sickness absence not only causes significant costs for organizations but also leads to other negative consequences for individuals and societies. Previous research has shown that working with organizational values within Quality Management affects job satisfaction and results in increased profitability and customer satisfaction. There would, in addition, seem to be great gains if managers, by working with Quality Management, can manage to establish sustainable health among co-workers. The purpose of the research described in this thesis was to examine how Quality Management could be practised in order to support sustainable health among co-workers and what it is within Quality Management that influences sustainable co-worker health. Accordingly, the purpose was also to contribute to the understanding of the relation between sustainable health and Quality Management. To fulfil this purpose, three research questions were asked. The results are described in three parts related to the three research questions and are the product of six case studies carried out in seven different organizations. Interviews with managers and workshops with co-workers were carried out to investigate how Quality Management can be practised within organizations in order to promote sustainable co-worker health. These investigations took place in four organizations that had received awards. Three had been awarded for their excellence in leadership, work environment and co-workership, along with improved profitability; one for its successful implementation of quality programmes. The results are descriptions of methodologies, behaviours, values and organization structure used by the organizations to support sustainable health. These are exemplified with practical examples. The methodologies, behaviours, values, and organizational structure are considered possible for other organizations to adopt and all of them are already supported in the quality, management and leadership literature. Support from the health literature is also found for most of the behaviours, methodologies, values, and organizational structure. Surveys and focus groups interviews were carried out in five different organizations in order to find out what is of most importance when practising Quality Management in order to influence sustainable co-worker health. The results pointed to ‘Leadership Commitment’ as the most central of the values for achieving sustainable health among the co-workers. Furthermore, the values ‘Continuous Improvements’, ‘Participation of Everybody’ and ‘Customer Orientation’ were found to be related to sustainable health among the co-workers. The values ‘Leadership Commitment’ and the value ‘Participation of Everybody’ were then further elaborated to find aspects of importance for sustainable co-worker health. From the value ‘Leadership Commitment’ four aspects were extracted. These were labelled ‘Empathy’, ‘Presence and Communication’, ‘Integrity’, and ‘Continuity’. The results showed relations between the value ‘Leadership Commitment’ within Quality Management and sustainable health among the co-workers. Thus it is essential for leaders to work in accordance with that value to achieve results in the work towards sustainable co-worker health. The results indicate that this requires management and leadership that are characterized by the aspects above. The leaders have to: • Really understand the co-workers and their work situation. • Be present and available for co-workers and communicate with them. • Act as a role model, be fair and keep their promises. • Stay in their positions long enough to build up trust and confidence. The value ‘Participation of Everybody’ has also been shown to be related to sustainable health among the co-workers. This indicates that it is important to work in accordance with that value in the struggle to achieve sustainable health among the co-workers. The results imply that this value is characterized by the aspects ‘Development’, ‘Influence’ and ‘Being informed’. This could be done by: • Giving the co-workers opportunities to develop their skills and develop personally. • Letting the co-workers influence their work situation and taking suggestions and proposals from them seriously. • Having good communication within the whole organization. To manage this; the managers have to delegate more and empower the co-workers. These results were then further elaborated within another organization in order to develop a measurement approach that can clarify the extent to which the values, ‘Leadership Commitment’ and ‘Participation of Everybody’ permeate an organization. The developed measurement approach can be used to clarify the extent to which the organization is practising the health-promoting values within Quality Management and in what areas improvement is needed to increase co-worker health. The approach can also help the organization to detect those shortcomings within the management which are important for co-worker well-being. The developed measurement approach can be used to establish and enhance co-worker health by improving their well-being, satisfaction and motivation.
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| 21. |
- Bäckström, Ingela, 1963-
(author)
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Quality Management for Sustainable Health : Methodologies, Values and Practices taken from Swedish Organizations
- 2006
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In many Western countries today, not least in Sweden, there are a lot of organizations that have great problems with sickness absence. The costs connected to the high rates of sickness absence have also risen to alarming levels. Healthy co-workers and healthy organizations are obvious goals for many leaders, but this is not always so easy to establish. Work practices and leadership that are beneficial to co-worker health are thus vital to identify. Studies have shown relationships between company-wide implementation of quality programs and improved co-worker satisfaction along with low co-worker turn over; in other words, co-worker health along with improved customer satisfaction and financial results. Despite the great problems concerning sickness absence, there are organizations that have been awarded prizes for excellence in leadership, internal partnership, working environment, and profitability. The overall purposes of the research described in this thesis are to examine and describe how management and leadership can establish sustainable health among the co-workers and examine how the leadership for sustainable health is related to Quality Management. The in-depth purpose is to examine which aspects within the values derived from the quality movement are those that primarily influence the co-workers’ perceived health. The results presented can be described in three parts and are results from four case studies carried out in five different organizations. Three of the organizations have received awards for establishing good working environment, good financial results, and low sick leaves among their co-workers; the fourth received an award for the successful implementation of quality programs. The first part consists of results from case studies in three different organizations and describes how organizations can work to achieve sustainable health among their co-workers, with practical examples. The results are methodologies, values and organizational structure, which it is considered possible for other organizations to adopt in their efforts to achieve good working conditions resulting in fewer sick leaves. The second part is an attempt to investigate if leadership for sustainable health is related to Quality Management. Methodologies, leadership values, organizational structure, and general values found in organizations which have achieved sustainable health are analyzed in the light of Deming’s 14 points, and a correlation is indicated. There is also correlation found between the TQM values and the co-workers’ perception of their health. The third part examines which of the aspects within the values grown from the quality movement are those that influence the co-workers perceived health. The results show significant correlation between the values and the co-workers’ perception of their health. Aspects found within the value “Top management commitment” were named; Empathy, Presence and Communication, Integrity, and Continuity. Within the value “Let everybody be committed” the aspects; Development, Influence and Being informed were found. These aspects are described in more detail and also in one model per value. The result implies that the TQM values; “Top management commitment”, “Improve continuously” “Let everybody be Committed” and “Focus on customers” are important for achieving healthy organizations and sustainable health among co-workers.
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| 22. |
- Carlander, A. -KK., et al.
(author)
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Contact between mother, child and partner and attitudes towards breastfeeding in relation to mode of delivery
- 2010
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In: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-5756 .- 1877-5764. ; 1:1, s. 27-34
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To investigate contact between mothers and their newborn child and study if there are differences between those who requested an elective caesarean section compared to women who had a vaginal birth and those who underwent an elective caesarean section due to obstetrical indication. The psychometric properties of a scale that measure the contact between mother and child were also investigated. Design: A prospective cohort study. Setting: Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Sample: 510 primiparas from three groups: women undergoing caesarean section on maternal request (n = 96), women undergoing caesarean section on obstetrical indication (n = 116) and women planning a vaginal delivery (n = 198). The later were further divided into subgroups; women who underwent assisted vaginal delivery (n = 35) and women who had an emergency caesarean section (n = 65). Methods: The instrument used was the Alliance Scale. Main outcome measure: The contact between mother and child in relation to mode of delivery. Results: The contact with the child was rated as positive on all occasions: there were no significant differences between the groups. The relation to the partner was rated as positive at all occasions. Mothers with a vaginal delivery experienced breastfeeding less stressful than the mothers with a caesarean delivery. Three and nine months after delivery the mothers with a caesarean delivery on request reported more breastfeeding problems than mothers in the other groups. Mothers with a vaginal delivery rated less sadness at every occasion. Conclusion: Mode of delivery does not seem to affect how mothers experience their contact towards the newborn child. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 23. |
- Carlander, A. K. K., et al.
(author)
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Health-related quality of life five years after birth of the first child
- 2015
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In: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare. - : Elsevier. - 1877-5756 .- 1877-5764. ; 6:2, s. 101-107
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the overall health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in women five years after the birth of their first child as well as the HRQoL in relation to mode of delivery. Methods: 545 first-time pregnant women, drawn from a hospital situated in Sweden, consented to be included in a cohort. Five years after the birth of the first child, 372 (68%) women agreed to participate in a follow-up study. HRQoL was measured using the Swedish Health-Related Quality of Life Survey (SWED-QUAL) questionnaire. Socio-demographic background and variables related to pregnancy and childbirth were collected using a self-report questionnaire. Results: Overall, the HRQoL was perceived to be good. Suboptimal scores were obtained for the three variables: Sleeping problems, Emotional well-being - negative affect and Family functioning - sexual functioning. Women having a vaginal birth, an instrumental vaginal birth or women who underwent caesarean section on maternal request were more likely to report better perceived HRQoL than women who had undergone an emergency caesarean section or caesarean section due to medical indication. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the overall HRQoL of the women in the cohort was reported as good. Mode of delivery was associated with differences in HRQoL five years after birth of the first child. Our result suggests that some differences in perceived HRQoL persist in the long term. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.
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