| 1. |
- Andersson, Jan, et al.
(author)
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Fisk- och skaldjursbestånd i hav och sötvatten 2015 : Resursöversikt
- 2015
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- I rapporten kan du ta del av bedömningen som görs av situationen för bestånd som regleras inom ramen för EU:s gemensamma fiskeripolitik (GFP). Bedömningarna baseras på det forskningssamarbete och den rådgivning som sker inom det Internationella Havsforskningsrådet (ICES).De bestånd som förvaltas nationellt baseras på de biologiska underlagen och rådgivningen i huvudsak på den forskning och övervakning samt analys som bedrivs av Institutionen för akvatiska resurser (SLU Aqua) vid Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU) samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.Rapporten omfattar 40 fiskarter uppdelade i olika bestånd, samt sex skal-och blötdjursarter.Nytt för årets upplaga är en beskrivning av hur de provfisken som ligger till grund för analys och rådgivning utförs.Översikten är utarbetad av Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), Institutionen för akvatiska resurser (SLU Aqua), på uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Linda, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Glucosylceramide synthase deficiency in the heart compromises β1-adrenergic receptor trafficking
- 2021
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In: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 42:43, s. 4481-4492
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS: Cardiac injury and remodelling are associated with the rearrangement of cardiac lipids. Glycosphingolipids are membrane lipids that are important for cellular structure and function, and cardiac dysfunction is a characteristic of rare monogenic diseases with defects in glycosphingolipid synthesis and turnover. However, it is not known how cardiac glycosphingolipids regulate cellular processes in the heart. The aim of this study is to determine the role of cardiac glycosphingolipids in heart function.METHODS AND RESULTS: Using human myocardial biopsies, we showed that the glycosphingolipids glucosylceramide and lactosylceramide are present at very low levels in non-ischaemic human heart with normal function and are elevated during remodelling. Similar results were observed in mouse models of cardiac remodelling. We also generated mice with cardiomyocyte-specific deficiency in Ugcg, the gene encoding glucosylceramide synthase (hUgcg-/- mice). In 9- to 10-week-old hUgcg-/- mice, contractile capacity in response to dobutamine stress was reduced. Older hUgcg-/- mice developed severe heart failure and left ventricular dilatation even under baseline conditions and died prematurely. Using RNA-seq and cell culture models, we showed defective endolysosomal retrograde trafficking and autophagy in Ugcg-deficient cardiomyocytes. We also showed that responsiveness to β-adrenergic stimulation was reduced in cardiomyocytes from hUgcg-/- mice and that Ugcg knockdown suppressed the internalization and trafficking of β1-adrenergic receptors.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that cardiac glycosphingolipids are required to maintain β-adrenergic signalling and contractile capacity in cardiomyocytes and to preserve normal heart function.
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| 3. |
- Curman, Philip, et al.
(author)
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Increased risk of depression and anxiety in individuals with Darier disease
- 2024
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In: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0007-0963 .- 1365-2133.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Patients with Darier disease have an increased risk of depression and anxiety, which agrees with patterns of increased prescription of antidepressants and anxiolytics in people with the disease.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Poelzl, Gerhard, et al.
(author)
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Repetitive use of levosimendan in advanced heart failure : need for stronger evidence in a field in dire need of a useful therapy
- 2017
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In: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 243, s. 389-395
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Patients in the latest stages of heart failure are severely compromised, with poor quality of life and frequent hospitalizations. Heart transplantation and left ventricular assist device implantation are viable options only for a minority, and intermittent or continuous infusions of positive inotropes may be needed as a bridge therapy or as a symptomatic approach. In these settings, levosimendan has potential advantages over conventional inotropes (catecholamines and phosphodiesterase inhibitors), such as sustained effects after initial infusion, synergy with beta-blockers, and no increase in oxygen consumption. Levosimendan has been suggested as a treatment that reduces re-hospitalization and improves quality of life. However, previous clinical studies of intermittent infusions of levosimendan were not powered to show statistical significance on key outcome parameters. A panel of 45 expert clinicians from 12 European countries met in Rome on November 24-25, 2016 to review the literature and envision an appropriately designed clinical trial addressing these needs. In the earlier FIGHT trial (daily subcutaneous injection of liraglutide in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction) a composite Global Rank Score was used as primary end-point where death, re-hospitalization, and change in N-terminalprohormone-brain natriuretic peptide level were considered in a hierarchical order. In the present study, we tested the same end-point post hoc in the PERSIST and LEVOREP trials on oral and repeated i.v. levosimendan, respectively, and demonstrated superiority of levosimendan treatment vs placebo. The use of the same composite end-point in a properly powered study on repetitive levosimendan in advanced heart failure is strongly advocated.
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| 6. |
- Allwood, Carl Martin, 1952, et al.
(author)
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Learning complex computer programs
- 1986
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In: Behavior and Information Technology. ; 5, s. 217-225
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 9. |
- Almby, Kristina E., et al.
(author)
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Effects of Gastric Bypass Surgery on the Brain : Simultaneous Assessment of Glucose Uptake, Blood Flow, Neural Activity, and Cognitive Function During Normo- and Hypoglycemia
- 2021
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In: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 70:6, s. 1265-1277
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- While Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery in obese individuals typically improves glycemic control and prevents diabetes, it also frequently causes asymptomatic hypoglycemia. Previous work showed attenuated counterregulatory responses following RYGB. The underlying mechanisms as well as the clinical consequences are unclear. In this study, 11 subjects without diabetes with severe obesity were investigated pre- and post-RYGB during hyperinsulinemic normo-hypoglycemic clamps. Assessments were made of hormones, cognitive function, cerebral blood flow by arterial spin labeling, brain glucose metabolism by F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography, and activation of brain networks by functional MRI. Post- versus presurgery, we found a general increase of cerebral blood flow but a decrease of total brain FDG uptake during normoglycemia. During hypoglycemia, there was a marked increase in total brain FDG uptake, and this was similar for post- and presurgery, whereas hypothalamic FDG uptake was reduced during hypoglycemia. During hypoglycemia, attenuated responses of counterregulatory hormones and improvements in cognitive function were seen postsurgery. In early hypoglycemia, there was increased activation post- versus presurgery of neural networks in brain regions implicated in glucose regulation, such as the thalamus and hypothalamus. The results suggest adaptive responses of the brain that contribute to lowering of glycemia following RYGB, and the underlying mechanisms should be further elucidated.
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| 10. |
- Berglund, Per, et al.
(author)
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Linking Education and Research : A Roadmap for Higher Education Institutions at the Dawn of the Knowledge Society
- 2019
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In: Linking education and research. - Basel, Switzerland : MDPI. ; , s. 11-33
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In an era characterized by a move towards a “knowledge society”, universities are central in fostering “knowledgeability”, that is the reflexive understanding of knowledge in knowledge societies. The objective of “knowledgeability” can be met through creating a stronger link between education and research. Furthermore, overall student performance, for example in critical thinking and problem solving, can be improved if research-related activities are incorporated into the curriculum.The aim of this paper is to use international examples to discuss the research- education nexus from four different perspectives, namely context, policy, implementation and quality, with case studies from higher education institutions in Singapore and Sweden.We suggest that different integrative technologies can be used to enhance the links, but it will be essential to consider the inputs of training, service and support in using new technology. Interestingly, the act of evaluating the link between education and research will increase awareness of this linkage by stakeholders involved in both education and research. In turn the link can be strengthened, contributing to increased quality in both education and research.
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| 11. |
- Bexelius, Maria, et al.
(author)
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27 forskare : Så kan EU:s murar rivas
- 2015
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In: Dagens samhälle. - : Sveriges kommuner och landsting. - 1652-6511. ; :20150923
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 12. |
- Curman, Philip, et al.
(author)
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Hailey-Hailey Disease is Associated with Diabetes : A Population-based Cohort Study, Clinical Cohort Study, and Pedigree Analysis
- 2023
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In: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden. - 0001-5555 .- 1651-2057. ; 103
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hailey-Hailey disease is a rare hereditary skin disease caused by mutations in the ATP2C1 gene encoding the secretory pathway Ca2+/Mn2+-ATPase 1 (SPCA1) protein. Extracutaneous manifestations of Hailey-Hailey disease are plausible but still largely unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the association between Hailey-Hailey disease and diabetes. A population-based cohort study of 347 individuals with Hailey-Hailey disease was performed to assess the risks of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes, using Swedish nationwide registries. Pedigrees from 2 Swedish families with Hailey-Hailey disease were also investigated: 1 with concurrent type 1 diabetes and HLA-DQ3, the other with type 2 diabetes. Lastly, a clinical cohort with 23 individuals with Hailey-Hailey disease and matched healthy controls was evaluated regarding diabetes. In the register data males with Hailey-Hailey disease had a 70% elevated risk of type 2 diabetes, whereas no excess risk among women could be confirmed. In both pedigrees an unusually high inheritance for diabetes was observed. In the clinical cohort, individuals with Hailey-Hailey disease displayed a metabolic phenotype indicative of type 2 diabetes. Hailey-Hailey disease seems to act as a synergistic risk factor for diabetes. This study indicates, for the first time, an association between Hailey-Hailey disease and diabetes and represents human evidence that SPCA1 and the Golgi apparatus may be implicated in diabetes pathophysiology.
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| 17. |
- Etemadi, Khashayar, et al.
(author)
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Sorald : Automatic Patch Suggestions for SonarQube Static Analysis Violations
- 2022
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In: IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1545-5971 .- 1941-0018. ; , s. 1-1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Previous work has shown that early resolution of issues detected by static code analyzers can prevent major costs later on. However, developers often ignore such issues for two main reasons. First, many issues should be interpreted to determine if they correspond to actual flaws in the program. Second, static analyzers often do not present the issues in a way that is actionable. To address these problems, we present Sorald: a novel system that uses metaprogramming templates to transform the abstract syntax trees of programs and suggests fixes for static analysis warnings. Thus, the burden on the developer is reduced from interpreting and fixing static issues, to inspecting and approving full fledged solutions. Sorald fixes violations of 10 rules from SonarJava, one of the most widely used static analyzers for Java. We evaluate Sorald on a dataset of 161 popular repositories on Github. Our analysis shows the effectiveness of Sorald as it fixes 65% (852/1,307) of the violations that meets the repair preconditions. Overall, our experiments show it is possible to automatically fix notable violations of the static analysis rules produced by the state-of-the-art static analyzer SonarJava.
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| 18. |
- Grayson, Samuel, et al.
(author)
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Blood flow dynamics in reconstructed auricles
- 2013
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In: Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery. - 2000-656X. ; 47:4, s. 313-316
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ear reconstruction with autologous rib cartilage is performed in stages. Restitution of blood flow between the separate stages is crucial to obtain a good result. Laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI) and local temperature were measured in reconstructed and normal ears in response to indirect heating. Ten persons who had had a unilateral ear reconstruction were included in the study. At a minimum, 157 days had passed since the last operation. LDPI showed no difference in blood flow between the reconstructed ear and the normal ear, neither before nor after indirect heating. The upper part of the normal ear was slightly cooler than the corresponding part in the reconstructed ear. Indirect heating caused an increase of LDPI-values and temperatures in the upper, middle, and lower part of the ear both in the reconstructed ear and the normal one. Skin blood flow recovers after 3-stage ear reconstruction and shows normal dynamic response upon indirect heating.
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| 19. |
- Grillner, Sten, et al.
(author)
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Mechanisms for selection of basic motor programs : roles for the striatum and pallidum
- 2005
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In: TINS - Trends in Neurosciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0166-2236 .- 1878-108X. ; 28:7, s. 364-370
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The nervous system contains a toolbox of motor programs in the brainstem and spinal cord--that is, neuronal networks designed to handle the basic motor repertoire required for survival, including locomotion, posture, eye movements, breathing, chewing, swallowing and expression of emotions. The neural mechanisms responsible for selecting which motor program should be recruited at a given instant are the focus of this review. Motor programs are kept under tonic inhibition by GABAergic pallidal neurons (the output nuclei of the basal ganglia). The motor programs can be relieved from pallidal inhibition through activation of striatal neurons at the input stage of the basal ganglia. It is argued that the striatum has a prominent role in selecting which motor program should be called into action.
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| 20. |
- Gårdmark, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Biological ensemble modeling to evaluate potential futures of living marine resources
- 2013
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In: Ecological Applications. - : Wiley. - 1051-0761 .- 1939-5582. ; 23:4, s. 742-754
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Natural resource management requires approaches to understand and handle sources of uncertainty in future responses of complex systems to human activities. Here we present one such approach, the biological ensemble modeling approach,'' using the Eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua callarias) as an example. The core of the approach is to expose an ensemble of models with different ecological assumptions to climate forcing, using multiple realizations of each climate scenario. We simulated the long-term response of cod to future fishing and climate change in seven ecological models ranging from single-species to food web models. These models were analyzed using the biological ensemble modeling approach'' by which we (1) identified a key ecological mechanism explaining the differences in simulated cod responses between models, (2) disentangled the uncertainty caused by differences in ecological model assumptions from the statistical uncertainty of future climate, and (3) identified results common for the whole model ensemble. Species interactions greatly influenced the simulated response of cod to fishing and climate, as well as the degree to which the statistical uncertainty of climate trajectories carried through to uncertainty of cod responses. Models ignoring the feedback from prey on cod showed large interannual fluctuations in cod dynamics and were more sensitive to the underlying uncertainty of climate forcing than models accounting for such stabilizing predator-prey feedbacks. Yet in all models, intense fishing prevented recovery, and climate change further decreased the cod population. Our study demonstrates how the biological ensemble modeling approach makes it possible to evaluate the relative importance of different sources of uncertainty in future species responses, as well as to seek scientific conclusions and sustainable management solutions robust to uncertainty of food web processes in the face of climate change.
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| 21. |
- Haroun-Izquierdo, Alvaro, et al.
(author)
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Adaptive single-KIR(+)NKG2C(+) NK cells expanded from select superdonors show potent missing-self reactivity and efficiently control HLA-mismatched acute myeloid leukemia
- 2022
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In: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer. - : BMJ. - 2051-1426. ; 10:11, s. e005577-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundNatural killer (NK) cells hold great promise as a source for allogeneic cell therapy against hematological malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Current treatments are hampered by variability in NK cell subset responses, a limitation which could be circumvented by specific expansion of highly potent single killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)(+)NKG2C(+) adaptive NK cells to maximize missing-self reactivity.MethodsWe developed a GMP-compliant protocol to expand adaptive NK cells from cryopreserved cells derived from select third-party superdonors, that is, donors harboring large adaptive NK cell subsets with desired KIR specificities at baseline. We studied the adaptive state of the cell product (ADAPT-NK) by flow cytometry and mass cytometry as well as cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing (CITE-Seq). We investigated the functional responses of ADAPT-NK cells against a wide range of tumor target cell lines and primary AML samples using flow cytometry and IncuCyte as well as in a mouse model of AML.ResultsADAPT-NK cells were >90% pure with a homogeneous expression of a single self-HLA specific KIR and expanded a median of 470-fold. The ADAPT-NK cells largely retained their adaptive transcriptional signature with activation of effector programs without signs of exhaustion. ADAPT-NK cells showed high degranulation capacity and efficient killing of HLA-C/KIR mismatched tumor cell lines as well as primary leukemic blasts from AML patients. Finally, the expanded adaptive NK cells had preserved robust antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity potential and combination of ADAPT-NK cells with an anti-CD16/IL-15/anti-CD33 tri-specific engager led to near-complete killing of resistant CD45(dim) blast subtypes.ConclusionsThese preclinical data demonstrate the feasibility of off-the-shelf therapy with a non-engineered, yet highly specific, NK cell population with full missing-self recognition capability.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Henrohn, Dan, et al.
(author)
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Effects of Oral Supplementation With Nitrate-Rich Beetroot Juice in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension-Results From BEET-PAH, an Exploratory Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study.
- 2018
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In: Journal of Cardiac Failure. - : Elsevier BV. - 1071-9164 .- 1532-8414. ; 24:10, s. 640-653
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide (NO) pathway may represent a potential therapeutic target in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We explored the effects of dietary nitrate supplementation, with the use of nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BRJ), in patients with PAH.METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively studied 15 patients with PAH in an exploratory randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. The patients received nitrate-rich beetroot juice (∼16 mmol nitrate per day) and placebo in 2 treatment periods of 7 days each. The assessments included; exhaled NO and NO flow-independent parameters (alveolar NO and bronchial NO flux), plasma and salivary nitrate and nitrite, biomarkers and metabolites of the NO-system, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, echocardiography, ergospirometry, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, and the 6-minute walk test. Compared with placebo ingestion of BRJ resulted in increases in; fractional exhaled NO at all flow-rates, alveolar NO concentrations and bronchial NO flux, and plasma and salivary levels of nitrate and nitrite. Plasma ornithine levels decreased and indices of relative arginine availability increased after BRJ compared to placebo. A decrease in breathing frequency was observed during ergospirometry after BRJ. A tendency for an improvement in right ventricular function was observed after ingestion of BRJ. In addition a tendency for an increase in the peak power output to peak oxygen consumption ratio (W peak/VO2 peak) was observed, which became significant in patients reaching an increase of plasma nitrite >30% (responders).CONCLUSIONS: BRJ administered for 1 week increases pulmonary NO production and the relative arginine bioavailability in patients with PAH, compared with placebo. An increase in the W peak/VO2 peak ratio was observed after BRJ ingestion in plasma nitrite responders. These findings indicate that supplementation with inorganic nitrate increase NO synthase-independent NO production from the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway.
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| 24. |
- Huss, Mikael, et al.
(author)
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An experimentally constrained computational model of NMDA oscillations in lamprey CPG neurons
- 2008
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In: Journal of Computational Neuroscience. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0929-5313 .- 1573-6873. ; 15:1, s. 108-121
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Rhythmicity is a characteristic of neural networks responsible for locomotion. In many organisms, activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors leads to generation of rhythmic locomotor patterns. In addition, single neurons can display intrinsic, NMDA-dependent membrane potential oscillations when pharmacologically isolated from each other by tetrodotoxin (TTX) application. Such NMDA-TTX oscillations have been characterized, for instance, in lamprey locomotor network neurons. Conceptual and computational models have been put forward to explain the appearance and characteristics of these oscillations. Here, we seek to refine the understanding of NMDA-TTX oscillations by combining new experimental evidence with computational modelling. We find that, in contrast to previous computational predictions, the oscillation frequency tends to increase when the NMDA concentration is increased. We develop a new, minimal computational model which can incorporate this new information. This model is further constrained by another new piece of experimental evidence: that regular-looking NMDA-TTX oscillations can be obtained even after voltage-dependent potassium and high-voltage-activated calcium channels have been pharmacologically blocked. Our model conforms to several experimentally derived criteria that we have set up and is robust to parameter changes, as evaluated through sensitivity analysis. We use the model to re-analyze an old NMDA-TTX oscillation model, and suggest an explanation of why it failed to reproduce the new experimental data that we present here.
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| 25. |
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