| 1. |
- Czauderna, M., et al.
(författare)
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Improved lipid saponification for chromatographic quantification of fatty acids in porcine erythrocytes - an important lipidomic biomarker of the effectiveness of dietary fat supplementation in pigs as a large animal model for human studies
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences. - 1230-1388. ; 32:4, s. 385-399
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objectives of our study were to enhance and evaluate an improved saponification method for the quantification of fatty acids (FA), with a specific focus on highly-unsaturated long-chain polyunsaturated FA (LPUFA) that are easily peroxidised in pig erythrocytes. These erythrocytes serve as a valuable large animal model for human studies. We implemented a modified saponification procedure, involving a shorter initial saponification at 95 °C for 2 min, followed by overnight saponification at 22-25 °C, and subsequent gentle base and acid-catalysed methylation of FA. These analytical procedures proved to be suitable for gas-chromatographic analysis of highly-unsaturated LPUFA, which are prone to peroxidation in processed piglet erythrocytes. The modified initial saponification at 95 °C, followed by overnight saponification at 22-25 °C, and subsequent methylation, were used to assess the suitability of erythrocytes for the determination of FA, tocopherol and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in monogastric mammalian tissues. The content of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in erythrocytes can serve as a marker for DHA bioaccumulation in animal tissues and dietary contents of n-3LPUFA (especially DHA). The concentrations of δ-, γ-, α-tocopherols, total cholesterol and MDA increased in piglet erythrocytes during 16 days of exposure to dietary fat. The levels of FA and tocopherols can therefore be used in erythrocytes as indicators of the bioaccumulation yield of these compounds in animal tissues. Additionally, we propose that FA and tocopherol profiles in erythrocytes may be used as indicators of the concentrations of these components in diets and the effectiveness of their bioaccumulation in animal tissues.
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| 2. |
- Krizsan, Sophie Julie, et al.
(författare)
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Gas production kinetics in predictions of voluntary intake of grass silage by cattle
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences. - : The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, PAS. - 1230-1388. ; 21, s. 234-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to predict voluntary intake by cattle of grass silages of different fermentation quality from in vitro gas production data. Further, biological concepts of intake related gas data were examined by cluster analysis to silage chemical composition. Samples from 24 grass silages were characterized from their gas profiles. Observed silage dry matter intake was modelled by partial least squares regression analysis. Cumulative gas volumes and rates of gas production during early incubation, asymptotic gas volume as well as discrete lag time, and cumulative gas volumes at 48 and 72 h were the best descriptors of the variation in silage intake. The discrete lag time had a strong negative influence on intake and made up clusters with chemical variables indicating secondary fermentation. In vitro gas production data did not improve silage dry matter intake predictions compared with current models based on chemical analysis of silage fermentation quality.
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| 3. |
- Krizsan, Sophie Julie, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting feeding value of forage maize hybrids harvested at different maturities and sites
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences. - : The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, PAS. - 1230-1388. ; 23, s. 269-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to evaluate two near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) applications and different laboratory methods for determining indigestible neutral detergent fibre (iNDF) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) of forage maize hybrids harvested at high latitudes. Different in situ and in vitro methods have been used in calibrations of NIRS for routine determinations of forage feed value in the Nordic countries. Swedish and Finnish NIRS calibrations of iNDF generated biased estimates of low precision of iNDF determined in situ. All methods used to predict OMD in forage maize systematically underestimated the observed OMD calculated from the in situ determined value of iNDF. Digestibility was determined with least precision based on the enzymatic in vitro procedure. Values of OMD based on the in vitro incubation in buffered rumen fluid displayed the smallest error among the laboratory methods. The NIRS calibration developed with the forage maize samples of this study, suggested that NIRS has a great potential to predict iNDF and OMD of forage maize accurately and precisely. It was concluded that NIRS predictions of OMD can be a promising tool for evaluating performance of forage maize hybrids at high latitudes if NIRS calibrations of iNDF including forage maize samples are available.
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| 4. |
- Lindberg, Jan Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of replacing fish meal with ensiled catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) by-products on the performance and carcass quality of finishing pigs
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences. - 1230-1388. ; 20, s. 47-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thirty castrated finishing male pigs were used to evaluate the effects of replacing fish meal (FM) with ensiled Tra catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) by-products (ECM) on performance and carcass quality. Pigs were allocated to individual pens and fed a control diet (ECMO) with FM as sole protein supplement, and experimental diets where 100 (ECM 100), 75 (ECM75), 50 (ECM50) and 25% (ECM25) of the crude protein (CP) from FM was replaced by the CP from ECM. Feed intake was highest in ECM25 and lowest in ECM75 (P<0.05), and daily weight gain was higher in ECM100 than in the other treatments (P<0.01). Feed conversion ratio was improved (P<0.05) with higher inclusion of ECM in the diets. Carcass yield and dressing percentage were not affected (P>0.05) by treatment, but leaf fat and backfat thickness were higher and loin eye area lower in ECM 100 compared with ECM (P<0.01). Ether extract and polyunsaturated fatty acid contents and meat colour values in Longissimus dorsi muscle increased (P<0.01) with ECM replacement level. Feed costs were lower in ECM 100 and ECM75 compared with ECM25 and ECM0.
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| 5. |
- Mosiichuk, N., et al.
(författare)
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Uricemia in juvenile pigs model : Effect of nephrectomy and potassium oxonate
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences. - : The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, PAS. - 1230-1388. ; 28:3, s. 254-262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uric acid is the end product of dietary and endogenous purine metabolism in humans and higher primates. In all lower mammalian species it is converted to allantoin by liver uricase. The aim of this study was to investigate the uric acid turnover in pig model after nephrectomy surgery, fructose-enriched diet and potassium oxonate application. The first experiment was performed using 4 intact control pigs and 8 nephrectomized (5/6 nephrectomy) pigs. Both groups were fed high-fat diet enriched with 20% of fructose for 3 weeks. During the second experiment, as another approach to induce hyperuricemia, potassium oxonate solution (POx) was administered intravenously to 4 healthy pigs, once or twice per day. In the third preliminary experiment one healthy and two nephrectomized (9/10 nephrectomy) pigs were infused with POx to induce hyperuricemia. Results showed that 5/6 nephrecotomy did not affect plasma uric acid concentration for 25 days following surgery. The consumption of the high-fat diet enriched with 20% of fructose did not result in the rise of plasma uric acid, either in healthy or nephrectomized pigs. Administration of POx solution to healthy and 9/10 nephrectomized pigs resulted in significantly increased plasma uric acid concentrations for 18 h and 24 h, respectively, following a single POx infusion. The present study expands today available data on uric acid metabolism in pigs as a model for exploring uricemia in human with kidney dysfunction.
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| 6. |
- Pierzynowski, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Relations between pig growth and regulatory mechanism of pancreas - facts and hypotheses
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences. - 1230-1388. ; 14:Suppl 1, s. 139-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the mini review is to more precisely determine the relationship between exocrine pancreas function and the growth of young pigs. In order to do so, it is necessary to clarify the components, pathways and messengers involved in the CCK-dependent neuro-hormonal regulation of the exocrine pancreas in the growing pigs. These mechanisms are largely unknown, and the role of CCK has been questioned since CCK receptors on the enzyme producing acinar cells are lacking. Our hitherto obtained results have shown the importance of CCK for the pancreatic enzyme secretion and that in pigs CCK functions via CCK-B receptor-mediated entero(duodenal)-pancreatic reflex and via CCK-A receptor mechanism which localization is unknown. Preliminary studies have indicated this later mechanism as being related to the growth performance of pigs. The planned studies will comprise a pharmacologic characterization and an immunohistologic localization of the components and messengers involved in the CCK-dependent neuro-hormonal pancreatic regulation using an appropriately catheterized pig model. Since the applied aim of the project is to correlate the growth of the pigs to the effectiveness of the pancreatic secretion and to the development of its regulatory mechanisms, the experiments will be performed on pigs having different growth and performance. It is expected that the discussion will provide important applicable understanding of pancreatic function and its impact on pig growth and performance and also highlight the mechanism of the inter-organ regulatory pathways of the exocrine pancreatic function.
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