| 1. |
- Alsén, Pia, 1956-, et al.
(author)
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Fatigue after myocardial infarction : Relationships with indices of emotional distress, and sociodemographic and clinical variables
- 2010
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 16:4, s. 326-334
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fatigue and depressive symptoms are relatively common among patients recovering from myocardial infarction (MI). The symptoms of depression and fatigue overlap. The present study aimed at identifying patient fatigue and at examining the incidence of fatigue, particularly without coexisting depression, after MI. The sample comprised 204 consecutive patients who had completed the questionnaires Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory–20 after MI (1 week and 4 months). The results showed that fatigue had decreased after 4 months compared with the time of MI onset. Compared with the general population, patients reported significantly higher levels of fatigue. Furthermore, fatigue was associated with depression, but 33% of the sample reported fatigue without coexisting depression after 4 months. In order to prevent or treat patients' symptoms of fatigue after MI, the concepts of fatigue and depression should be assessed separately so as to exclude overlapping effects.
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| 2. |
- Altersved, Ewa, et al.
(author)
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Advanced practice nurses : A new resource for Swedish primary health-care teams
- 2011
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 17:2, s. 174-180
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Advanced practice nurses: A new resource for Swedish primary health-care teams This study is associated with the first evaluation of the four first advanced practice nurses (APNs), part of a primary health-care team in Sweden. The aim is to describe health-care teams' experiences of the new APN role and investigate what opportunities and barriers to the role exist. Eighty-one respondents answered a 14-question questionnaire with a Likert scale and one open-ended question. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to investigate differences between professional groups' answers. The qualitative material was analysed using deductive content analysis. Though mostly positive experiences of the role were found, differences did exist between the professional groups. APNs are considered a resource in that access to care, cooperation and patient flow increased. Barriers include APNs' limited autonomy and inability to prescribe medication. To further develop the role, the right to prescribe medication and strategic leadership within the Swedish health-care system, policy and legislation are needed.
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| 3. |
- Anderberg, Patrice, et al.
(author)
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Elderly persons' experiences of striving to recieve care on their own terms in nursing homes
- 2010
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 16:1, s. 64-68
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Elderly persons' participation in and decisions about their own care need more attention. The aim of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of elderly persons' experiences of care and help, and how their lives change in nursing homes. Fifteen elderly persons living in four nursing homes were interviewed about their experiences of needing care and help in their daily life. The interviews were analysed using van Manen's phenomenological approach. Elderly persons' experiences of care and help were described as: a balance between sorrow and relief, a struggle to maintain control and connectedness, managing to live in the present and yet worrying about the future, and an attempt to hide one's vulnerability in order to be accepted and create an inner calm in an exposed situation. In conclusion, important issues were raised concerning elderly persons' perspectives on care and help in daily life in nursing homes.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Gun, et al.
(author)
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A chance to live: Women's experiences of living with a colostomy after rectal cancer surgery
- 2010
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 16:6, s. 603-608
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe women's experience of living with a colostomy after rectal cancer surgery. Interviews with five women about their experiences were subjected to thematic content analysis. The findings showed that receiving a cancer diagnosis gave rise to thoughts about life and death. For the women to feel comfortable, the information and health-care measures need to focus on supporting them through the entire process, also when the treatment is completed. After the surgery, the women adjusted to living with colostomy and carried on as before the cancer diagnosis, but they constantly worried about leakage or flatulence. The women were happy to have survived the cancer and this realization helped them to accept and have a good life with colostomy. In conclusion, women with colostomy because of rectal surgery need specific rehabilitation and nursing care that focuses on adjustment to temporary or permanent changes in life.
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| 5. |
- Arman Rehnsfeldt, Maria, 1954-, et al.
(author)
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Suffering related to health care : a study of breast cancer patients' experiences.
- 2004
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 10:6, s. 248-256
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A previous study indicated that patient narratives include experiences of suffering caused or increased by health-care encounters. The aim of this study was to interpret and understand the meaning of patients' experiences of suffering related to health care from an ethical, existential and ontological standpoint. Sixteen women with breast cancer in Sweden and Finland took part in qualitative interviews analysed with a hermeneutic, interpretive approach. The outcome showed that suffering related to health care is a complex phenomenon and constitutes an ethical challenge to health-care personnel. The women's experiences of suffering related to health care tended to be of similar seriousness as their experiences of suffering in relation to having cancer. In an ethical, existential and ontological sense, suffering related to health care is basically a matter of neglect and uncaring where the patient's existential suffering is not seen and she is not viewed as a whole human being.
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| 6. |
- Berg, Linda, 1961, et al.
(author)
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Caring relationship in a context: Fieldwork in a medical ward
- 2007
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 13:2, s. 100-106
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate how the caring relationship is formed in a medical context. The data were collected using participant observation with field notes and analysed by an interpretive phenomenological method. The context circumstances in a medical milieu demanded exacting efficiency and risks to oppress the caring relationship, subsequently causing demands in nursing practice. Three themes of the caring relationship were identified as respect for each other and for themselves, responsibility to reach out to each other and engagement. Patients' and nurses' awareness in encounters drove the forming of a caring relationship that went beyond the individual nurse and patient. This study implicates the importance of an understanding of how context circumstances create the foundation of the caring relationship
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| 7. |
- Bergman, Karin, et al.
(author)
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Patients' satisfaction with the care offered by advanced practice nurses: a new role in Swedish primary care
- 2013
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Wiley. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 19:3, s. 326-333
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study is to describe patients’ satisfaction with the new role of advanced practice nurses (APNs) in Swedish primary care. A questionnaire pertaining to patient satisfaction with the care offered by APNs was sent to respondents. Descriptive statistics, a chi-squared test and manifest qualitative content analysis were used during analysis. Although the results show an overall high level of patient satisfaction as regards APN-led care, those patients informed of the APN role prior to a consultation were significantly more satisfied. Respondents’ comments indicate that professional treatment and competence are characteristic of the care offered by APNs and also relate the concepts of increased availability of and continuity in health care to the APN role. In order to guarantee the positive development of the APN role in Sweden, continued research is needed from patient, organizational and interprofessional perspectives, including intervention studies of cost effectiveness and the quality of care.
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| 8. |
- Brändström, Yvonne, et al.
(author)
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Physical activity six months after a myocardial infarction
- 2009
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In: International journal of nursing practice. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia. - 1440-172X .- 1322-7114. ; 15:3, s. 191-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the present study, we wished to explore physical activity in middle-aged patients 6 months after a myocardial infarction and to compare the patients' self-reported activity level with pedometric measures of footsteps/day. The sample comprised 89 patients with myocardial infarction, aged
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| 9. |
- Brännström, Benny, et al.
(author)
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Counselling groups for spouses of elderly demented patients: a qualitative evaluation study
- 2000
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Wiley. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 6:4, s. 183-191
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ten women and eight men who were caring for their demented husbands or wives participated in a closed-group counselling programme, developed and carried out by two district nurses at a local health centre. There were seven or eight participants in each group, which met 13-14 times over a period of 8months.This study is based on semistructured interviews about the participants' situation just before entering the counselling group, the counselling programme itself, and their situation after the end of the programme. Their situations before the programmes were described as an exhausting, chaotic prison but after the programme they could cope with their situation and plan and manage their daily life. None of the participants needed further organised counselling; engagement in the local dementia association was sufficient for them. The counselling nurses' experience in and about caring for demented patients, their tactful authority, the closed groups and the long duration of the programme were judged to be crucial for the successful outcome of the programme.
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| 10. |
- Edéll Gustafsson, Ulla, 1947-, et al.
(author)
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Effects of sleep loss in men and women with insufficient sleep suffering from chronic disease : a model for supportive nursing care.
- 2003
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 9:1, s. 49-59
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study evaluated self-reported subjective health and effects of sleep loss according to perceived interfering cognitive anxiety related to falling asleep in patients with and without insufficient sleep and gender differences in these aspects 5 years after coronary artery bypass graft and transluminal coronary angioplasty. A total of 145 patients, five years after intervention, responded to a mailed questionnaire. Nearly 60% had severe combined sleep disturbances, 35.9% of these had complained of insufficient sleep and 15% also perceived difficulty falling asleep related to cognitive anxiety. Measurable gender differences were small. A theoretical framework is presented which can increase understanding among nurses, patients and their relatives concerning the quality and quantity of sleep and sleep loss related to quality of life. These results suggest that there are significant relationships between sleep quality, resilience to stress and coping strategy in patients with a chronic disease, indicating the need for more individualised supportive nursing care.
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| 11. |
- Edell-Gustafsson, Ulla, 1947-, et al.
(author)
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Measurement of sleep and quality of life before and after coronary artery bypass grafting : A pilot study
- 1997
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Wiley. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 3:4, s. 239-246
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to: (i) test different instruments that focused on sleep, quality of life and personal adjustment in order to evaluate the usefulness of these instruments in a larger study; and (ii) to describe self perceptions of sleep and life situation by patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). A one-group pre-test repeated post-test design was used. Six men aged between 51 and 70 years were interviewed, and 24 h polysomnographic recordings were performed before and after the operation. The interviews indicated disturbed sleep and changes in behaviour and mental state immediately postoperatively. Postoperatively the polysomnographic recordings revealed a significant decrease in mean duration of sleep, mean percentage of stage 3-4 sleep and mean rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. One month after surgery the quality of life was improved, while moderate anxiety and sensation of incisional pain persisted. The measurements used in this pilot study provide valuable information into the understanding of altered sleep, quality of life and personal adjustment following CABG.
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| 12. |
- Edvardsson, David, et al.
(author)
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Sense or no-sense : the nurse as embodied ethnographer
- 2007
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 13:1, s. 24-32
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Researching in familiar environments brings about challenges as nurses are learned to tune out their senses to give expert nursing care, and contemporary nursing research using observations has been criticized for being disembodied--not often using senses other than sight. This article draws on experiences from a fieldwork study of palliative and aged care environments to show how a deliberate use of the senses can enhance the richness of nursing research and open up new avenues for investigation. Examples from a reflexive fieldwork journal are presented to demonstrate how sensate experiences was used in a reflexive process that led into areas that otherwise might have remained unexplored. The authors argue that the interplay between sensate experiences and analytical logic can bring the background to the foreground and provide new ways of making the familiar unfamiliar. In making sense of what residing in health care environments might mean, an embodied research activity is fruitful.
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| 13. |
- Emma, Lindblad, et al.
(author)
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Experiences of the new role of advanced practice nurses in Swedish primary health care--a qualitative study
- 2010
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114. ; 2010:16, s. 69-74
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate and describe the experiences of the first advanced practice nurses (APNs), a new profession for Swedish health care, and of their supervising general practitioners (GPs), regarding the new role and scope of practice of APNs in primary health care. Individual interviews were conducted with the four first APNs and one focus group interview was conducted with five supervising physicians. The material was transcribed verbatim and analysed using latent content analysis. The respondents expressed confidence and trust in the new role of APNs. Some opposition to this new role from the GPs and other colleagues was observed, but was nonetheless overcome. The experiences of the APN role indicate that the new role is clearly demarcated from the role of physicians. The APNs were considered an extra resource for both the GPs and other nurses, which contributed to an increased availability of care for patients. The APN role requires an explicit definition and demarcation in relation to responsibility and roles among colleagues. Further development of the APN role presupposes the right to prescribe medication and order treatments, as well as an evaluation of patient, organizational and inter-professional perspectives on the matter.
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| 14. |
- Eriksson, Irene, et al.
(author)
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Holistic health care : Patients' experiences of health care provided by an Advanced Practice Nurse
- 2018
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 24:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Advanced Practice Nurse (APN) is a fairly new role in the Swedish health care system.AIM: To describe patients' experiences of health care provided by an APN in primary health care.METHODS: An inductive, descriptive qualitative approach with qualitative open-ended interviews was chosen to obtain descriptions from 10 participants regarding their experiences of health care provided by an APN. The data were collected during the spring 2012, and a qualitative approach was used for analyze.RESULTS: The APNs had knowledge and skills to provide safe and secure individual and holistic health care with high quality, and a respectful and flexible approach. The APNs conveyed trust and safety and provided health care that satisfied the patients' needs of accessibility and appropriateness in level of care.CONCLUSION: The APNs way of providing health care and promoting health seems beneficial in many ways for the patients. The individual and holistic approach that characterizes the health care provided by the APNs is a key aspect in the prevailing change of health care practice. The transfer of care and the increasing number of older adults, often with a variety of complex health problems, call for development of the new role in this context.
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| 15. |
- Fagerberg, Ingegerd, et al.
(author)
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Registered nurses’ experiences of caring for the elderly in different health-care areas
- 2001
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 7:4, s. 229-236
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Caring for elderly patients is an undertaking for a majority of Swedish nurses in different health-care sectors. The purpose of the study was to understand how nurses experienced the meaning of caring for elderly patients after 2 years as Registered Nurses. Interviews were conducted with 20 nurses 2 years after graduation. Data were analysed with a phenomenological–hermeneutic method and resulted in two themes: (i) providing the elderly with a sense of trust; and (ii) commitment to elderly patients. Each theme was made up of four subthemes, expressing both positive and negative aspects. Caring for the elderly means that the core of caring is in focus. Nurses need a supportive context for their care of the elderly, especially when they experience that they or their staff cannot provide the optimal quality of care for the patients.
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| 16. |
- Fagerberg, Ingegerd, et al.
(author)
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Registered nurses' experiences of caring for the elderly in different health care areas
- 2001
-
In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Wiley. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 7:4, s. 229-236
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Caring for elderly patients is an undertaking for a majority of Swedish nurses in different health-care sectors.The purpose of the study was to understand how nurses experienced the meaning of caring for elderly patients after 2 years as Registered Nurses. Interviews were conducted with 20 nurses 2 years after graduation. Data were analysed with a phenomenological-hermeneutic method and resulted in two themes: (i) providing the elderly with a sense of trust; and (ii) commitment to elderly patients. Each theme was made up of four subthemes, expressing both positive and negative aspects. Caring for the elderly means that the core of caring is in focus. Nurses need a supportive context for their care of the elderly, especially when they experience that they or their staff cannot provide the optimal quality of care for the patients.
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| 17. |
- Flinkman, M., et al.
(author)
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Registered nurses' psychological capital : A scoping review
- 2023
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X.
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims: The aim was to examine the extent and scope of empirical research concerning registered nurses' psychological capital. Background: In a time of global nursing shortage, identifying variables that could positively contribute to the retention of the nursing workforce is essential. Prior research has shown that psychological capital correlates positively with employees' better performance and well-being. Design: A scoping review. Data sources: A systematic literature search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Scopus covering the period from 1 January 2005 to 7 May 2023. Review methods: The JBI methodological guidance for scoping reviews was followed. The results were summarized narratively. Results: A total of 111 studies reported in 114 peer-reviewed articles were included. Studies were carried out across 20 countries, with the majority from China (45), Australia (nine), Pakistan (nine), Canada (eight), South Korea (eight) and the United States (eight). A positive correlation was found between registered nurses' psychological capital and desirable work-related outcomes, such as work engagement, commitment and retention intention. Conclusion: A comprehensive overview of research evidence suggests that psychological capital is associated with many positive work-related outcomes and might therefore be a valuable resource for reducing nurse turnover. © 2023 The Authors. International Journal of Nursing Practice published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
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| 18. |
- Forsberg, Angelica, et al.
(author)
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Being transferred from an intensive care unit to a ward : searching for the known in the unknown
- 2011
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 17:2, s. 110-116
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- People who have been cared for in intensive care units (ICUs) are transferred between different levels of care and hospitals. The aim with this study was to describe peoples’ experiences of being cared for in an ICU and transferred to a ward. An inductive, descriptive qualitative study was performed with qualitative individual interviews with 10 participants. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and subjected to qualitative thematic content analysis which resulted in one theme; searching for the known in the unknown, and five categories. The findings showed the importance of being prepared for the transfer and knowing what was going to happen. Some participants felt secure in the ICU and excluded on the ward, others appreciated leaving the stressful environment in the ICU for a more peaceful ward. Feelings of anxiety and exposure were experienced during the transfer and it was helpful if staff involved were known to the participants. Better information and patients’ involvement concerning the transfer from ICUs to general wards are suggested as means of improving nursing care. Further studies are needed to improve continuity of care for critically ill people
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| 19. |
- Gunningberg, Lena, 1954-
(author)
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Are patients with or at risk of pressure ulcers allocated appropriate prevention measures?
- 2005
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 11:2, s. 58-67
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aims of the study were to investigate the risk for and prevalence of pressure ulcers in different medical care groups, to discover if patients at risk for or with pressure ulcers are allocated appropriate pressure ulcer preventions and to investigate which variables are associated with appropriate pressure ulcer preventions. A cross-sectional survey design was used and followed the methodology developed by the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel. A total of 612 patients participated in the study. The prevalence of pressure ulcers was greatest in geriatric care, followed by intensive care, acute care and neurological care. The majority of patients at risk for or with pressure ulcers did not receive appropriate preventative measures, either while they were in bed or in a chair. Significant variables associated with appropriate preventions in bed were intensive care, geriatric care, a low Braden score, a low score in the subscale activity and a long hospital stay.
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| 20. |
- Gustafsson, Christine, et al.
(author)
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Reflective Practice in Nursing Care : embedded assumptions in qualitative studies
- 2007
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 13:3, s. 151-160
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Qualitative nursing researchers have long recognized that reflective practice (RP) seems to be a valuable tool in nursing care. The aim of the present meta-study was to analyse current qualitative research on RP in nursing care, in order to create and synthesize the knowledge and the understanding of registered nurses' RP. Using a meta-study synthesis approach, embedded assumptions were identified in qualitative studies that have influenced the way researchers have interpreted and made sense of RP in nursing care. Despite empirical focus in research on RP in nursing care, it was found that assumptions about RP were predominantly based on theory. The reflective movement within the practice of nursing care has mainly a constructivist epistemology, based on learning from experience. The individual nurse's RP capability is essential in providing and improving ethical and holistic nursing care
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| 21. |
- Hall-Lord, M-L., et al.
(author)
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Chronic pain and distress in older people : A cluster analysis
- 1999
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 5:2, s. 78-85
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Chronic pain represents a major health problem among older people. The aims of the present study were to: (i) identify various profiles of pain and distress experiences among older patients; and (ii) compare whether background variables, sense of coherence, functional ability and experiences of interventions aimed at reducing pain and distress varied among the patient profiles. Interviews were carried out with 42 older patients. A cluster analysis yielded three clusters, each representing a different profile of patients. Case illustrations are provided for each profile. There were no differences between the clusters, regarding intensity and duration of pain. One profile, with subjects of advanced age, showed a decreased functional ability and favourable scores in most of the categories of pain and distress. Another profile of patients showed favourable mean scores in all categories. The third cluster of patients showed unfavourable scores in most categories of pain and distress. There appears to be a need to treat the three groups of patients in different ways in the caring situation.
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| 22. |
- Hallström, Inger, et al.
(author)
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Families' needs when a child is long-term ill: A literature review with reference to nursing research.
- 2007
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114. ; 13:3, s. 193-200
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article reports a literature review which draws together findings targeting families' needs when a child is long-term ill. The databases PubMed and CINHAL were searched from 1999 to 2003 during February 2004. The search terms were child health care, family caregivers, and needs and combinations of these. The search was limited to articles published in English and the Scandinavian languages. The analysis entailed a series of comparisons across articles focusing on major areas of inquiry and patterns of results. Various levels of needs are described, based on individual, family and social needs.
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| 23. |
- Häggström, Elisabeth, et al.
(author)
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Caregivers' strong commitment to their relationship with older people
- 2010
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 16:2, s. 99-105
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to describe caregivers' good as well as bad experiences of working with older people. The study was based on five focus group interviews. One theme emerged from a latent content analysis: strong commitment to the relationship. This theme functioned as a thread of underlying meaning throughout the entire interpretative process of 48 caregivers' experiences of work. A delicate relationship existed that could be vulnerable and could reveal itself in feelings of lack of knowledge, guilt and fear. The caregivers' committed relationship to the older adults created independency in the ways in which they protected the older people's needs. Further studies are needed that focus on caregivers' transition from dependency to independency. The findings highlight the importance of clinical supervision to personal development and identity, and to promoting caregivers' self-esteem and maintaining a committed relationship. Commitment is a deep human feeling, and it should be promoted in order to maintain and further develop quality care for older adults.
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| 24. |
- Idvall, Ewa, et al.
(author)
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A tentative model for developing strategic and clinical nursing quality indicators : postoperative pain management
- 1999
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In: International journal of nursing practice. - 1322-7114. ; 5:4, s. 216-226
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of a tentative model, based on important aspects of surgical nursing care, for designing strategic and clinical quality indicators. Objective postoperative pain management was chosen for the model because it is a priority area in surgical nursing care. Items within a questionnaire were designed by using the tentative model as a base and by means of a literature review. The questionnaire, directed to clinical nurses (n = 233), was compiled to establish the validity and the usefulness of the indicators. Fourteen items were assessed as essential for achieving high quality outcomes in postoperative pain management (11 as realistic to carry out, and 13 as possible for nurses to influence) with mean scores > or = 4 (on a 5-point scale). The conclusion reached was that the tentative model combined with a literature search was found to be effective for designing items that might be useful as strategic and clinical indicators of quality in postoperative pain management.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Johansson, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Self-care strategies to facilitate sleep in patients with heart disease : A qualitative study
- 2012
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 18:1, s. 44-51
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Johansson A, Karlsson J, Brödje K, Edell-Gustafsson U. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2012; 18: 44-51 Self-care strategies to facilitate sleep in patients with heart disease-A qualitative study This study aimed at exploring and describing the self-care management strategies used by patients with coronary artery disease to facilitate sleep. Qualitative interviews in a dialogue manner, in a phenomenographic reference frame analyzed according to manifest and latent principles of qualitative content analysis, were performed. A purposeful sampling technique was used including 11 patients with coronary heart disease in a Heart Medical Unit in a general hospital setting. Two main themes were identified: sleep-rhythm and sleep-hygiene including four descriptive categories. The categories reveal five basic responses including emotions, cognition, physical symptoms (reactions), behaviours and/or the sleep environment, which were related to perceived or actual presence of sleep-wake problems and health that were the underlying reason for the self-care management strategies. Basically, intervention studies that address these five responses for choice of non-pharmacological methods based on cognitive behavioural therapy provided by nurses are needed.
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| 27. |
- Johansson, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Sleep-wake activity rhythm and health-related quality of life among patients with coronary artery disease and in a population-based sampleAn actigraphy and questionnaire study
- 2013
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : WILEY-BLACKWELL, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 19:4, s. 390-401
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to explore whether there are gender differences in sleep and health-related quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and a matched population-based sample and to see how subjectively rated sleep is associated with actigraphy. Secondly, to explore whether factors that predict patients sleep quality could be identified. Fifty-seven patients with stable CAD and 47 participants from a population-based sample were included. All participants completed the Uppsala Sleep Inventory (USI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the SF-36. Actigraphy recordings and a sleep diary were performed for seven 24-h periods. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that sleep duration, sleep onset latency, nocturnal awakenings, vitality (SF-36) and body mass index explained 60% of the sleep quality outcome (USI). Sleep duration, sleep efficiency and fragmentation index assessed with actigraphy and sleep diary accounted for 36% of the sleep quality outcome (diary). The result can form the basis for a non-pharmacological, self-care programme supported and led by nurses.
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| 28. |
- Jonasson, Lise-Lotte, 1956-, et al.
(author)
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Ethical values in caring encounters on a geriatric ward from the next of kin´s perspective : An interview study
- 2010
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Wiley. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 16:1, s. 20-26
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to identify and describe the governing ethical values that next of kin experience in interaction with nurses who care for elderly patients at a geriatric clinic. Interviews with fourteen next of kin were conducted and data were analysed by Constant comparative analysis. Four categories were identified: Receiving, showing respect, facilitating participation and showing professionalism. These categories formed the basis of the core category: “Being amenable”, a concept identified in the next of kin’s description of the ethical values that they and the elderly patients perceive in the caring encounter. Being amenable means that the nurses are guided by ethical values; taking into account the elderly patient and the next of kin. Nurses’ focusing on elderly patients’ well-being as a final criterion affects the next of kin and their experience of this fundamental condition for high quality care seems to be fulfilled.
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| 29. |
- Karlberg-Traav, Malin, 1962-, et al.
(author)
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Registered nurses' self‐rated research utilization in relation to their work climate : Using cluster analysis to search for patterns
- 2022
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 28:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: To describe and study the association between registered nurses' self‐rated research utilization and their perception of their work climate.Background: Research utilization is an important part of evidence‐based nursing, and registered nurses value a work climate that supports the possibility to work evidence‐based.Method: This cross‐sectional study was conducted using the Creative Climate Questionnaire together with three questions measuring instrumental, conceptual and persuasive research utilization. The analysis was done using variable‐ and pattern‐oriented approaches.Results: An association was found between research utilization and experience of dynamism/liveliness. Women reported higher use of conceptual research utilization. Regarding work climate, younger registered nurses and registered nurses with less work experience gave higher scores for playfulness/humour and conflicts. The results showed an association between having a Bachelor's or Master's degree and higher instrumental research utilization.Discussion: Research utilization was higher in registered nurses with higher academic education. Low users of research tended to experience a lack of dynamism and liveliness, which indicates the importance of improving the work climate by creating a climate that allows opinions and initiate discussions.Conclusion: The findings support the importance of creating a work climate that encourages reflection and discussion among registered nurses, and to promote academic education for nurses plus an optimal work‐place staffing‐mix.
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| 30. |
- Kitson, Alison, et al.
(author)
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Defining the fundamentals of care
- 2010
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 16:4, s. 423-434
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A three-stage process is being undertaken to investigate the fundamentals of care. Stage One (reported here) involves the use of a met a-narrative review methodology to undertake a thematic analysis, categorization and synthesis of selected contents extracted from seminal texts relating to nursing practice. Stage Two will involve a search for evidence to inform the fundamentals of care and a refinement of the review method. Stage Three will extend the reviews of the elements defined as fundamentals of care. This introductory paper covers the following aspects: the conceptual basis upon which nursing care is delivered; how the fundamentals of care have been defined in the literature and in practice; an argument that physiological aspects of care, self-care elements and aspects of the environment of care are central to the conceptual refinement of the term fundamentals of care; and that efforts to systematize such information will enhance overall care delivery through improvements in patient safety and quality initiatives in health systems.
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| 31. |
- Koskinen, L., et al.
(author)
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Enhancing cultural competence : trans-atlantic experiences of European and Canadian nursing students
- 2009
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 15:6, s. 502-509
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes the enhancement of cultural competence through trans-Atlantic rural community experiences of European and Canadian nursing students using critical incident technique (CIT) as the students' reflective writing method. The data generated from 48 students' recordings about 134 critical incidents over a 2-year project were analysed by qualitative content analysis. Five main learning categories were identified as: cross-cultural ethical issues; cultural and social differences; health-care inequalities; population health concerns; and personal and professional awareness. Four emergent cultural perspectives for the health sector that became apparent from the reflections were: health promotion realm; sensitivity to social and cultural aspects of people's lives; channels between the health sector and society; cultural language and stories of local people. CIT was successfully used to foster European and Canadian undergraduate students' cultural reflections resulting in considerations and suggestions for future endeavours to enhance cultural competence in nursing education.
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| 32. |
- Larsson, Gerry, et al.
(author)
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Quality improvement measures based on patient data : Some psychometric issues
- 2003
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 9:5, s. 294-299
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Existing methods for handling patients’ opinions as a basis for quality improvement measures tend to be too sophisticated for practical nursing and/or weak psychometrically. An Index of Measures was developed by combining patients’ perceptions of actual care conditions with the subjective importance they ascribed to these conditions. Data from Swedish somatic inpatients (n = 4002) indicated that this index gave added value compared to patients’ ratings of actual care conditions only. Interpretation of the Index of Measures focused on the proportion of patients who receive the value ‘deficiency.’ This value is obtained if a given patient has a subjective importance rating on a given item which is higher than the mean subjective importance score for the whole patient group on that item, as well as a perceived reality rating on the item in question which is lower than the mean perceived reality rating for the whole group on that item. Guidelines are suggested on when improvement actions are necessary and when they are not necessary.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Larsson, Ricard, et al.
(author)
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Swedish ambulance nurses' experiences of nursing patients suffering cardiac arrest
- 2013
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Wiley. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 19:2, s. 197-205
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Effective pre-hospital treatment of a person suffering cardiac arrest is a challenging task for the ambulance nurses. The aim of this study was to describe ambulance nurses’ experiences of nursing patients suffering cardiac arrest. Qualitative personal interviews were conducted during 2011 in Sweden with seven ambulance nurses with experience of nursing patients suffering cardiac arrests. The interview texts were analyzed using qualitative thematic content analysis, which resulted in the formulation of one theme with six categories. Mutual preparation, regular training and education were important factors in the nursing of patients suffering cardiac arrest. Ambulance nurses are placed in ethically demanding situations regarding if and for how long they should continue cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to accord with pre-hospital cardiac guidelines and patients’ wishes. When a cardiac arrest patient is nursed their relatives also need the attention of ambulance nurses. Reflection is one way for ambulance nurses to learn from, and talk about, their experiences. This study provides knowledge of ambulance nurses’ experiences in the care of people with cardiac arrest. Better feedback about the care given by the ambulance nurses, and about the diagnosis and nursing care the patients received after they were admitted to the hospital are suggested as improvements that would allow ambulance nurses to learn more from their experience. Further development and research concerning the technical equipment might improve the situation for both the ambulance nurses and the patients. Ambulance nurses need regularly training and education to be prepared for saving people's lives and also to be able to make the right decisions.
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| 35. |
- Lindblad, Emma, et al.
(author)
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Experiences of the new role of advanced practice nurses in Swedish primary health care - A qualitative study
- 2010
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 16:1, s. 69-74
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate and describe the experiences of the first advanced practice nurses (APNs), a new profession for Swedish health care, and of their supervising general practitioners (GPs), regarding the new role and scope of practice of APNs in primary health care. Individual interviews were conducted with the four first APNs and one focus group interview was conducted with five supervising physicians. The material was transcribed verbatim and analysed using latent content analysis. The respondents expressed confidence and trust in the new role of APNs. Some opposition to this new role from the GPs and other colleagues was observed, but was nonetheless overcome. The experiences of the APN role indicate that the new role is clearly demarcated from the role of physicians. The APNs were considered an extra resource for both the GPs and other nurses, which contributed to an increased availability of care for patients. The APN role requires an explicit definition and demarcation in relation to responsibility and roles among colleagues. Further development of the APN role presupposes the right to prescribe medication and order treatments, as well as an evaluation of patient, organizational and inter-professional perspectives on the matter. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.
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| 36. |
- Lindgren, Margareta, 1951-, et al.
(author)
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Pressure sore prevalence within a public health services area
- 2000
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Wiley. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 6:6, s. 333-337
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Pressure sores are a great problem for patients, staff and society. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence, treatment and prevention of pressure sores in a public health service area in Sweden. Criteria used for pressure sore assessment were persistent discoloration, epithelial damage and damage to the full thickness of the skin, without or with a cavity. The data were collected during 2 weeks in April 1995 from 1173 inpatients. The pressure-sore prevalence rate was 3.75%; 44 patients had a total of 68 sores. Men were as prone to developing pressure sores as women. The most frequently reported preventive measures were antidecubitus mattresses and turning schedules. Relief from pressure and occlusive dressings were the most common treatment measures. There was no statistical difference in pressure-sore prevalence when compared with a similar study from 1980. Patients were, however, older in 1995.
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| 37. |
- Markström, Ida, 1978-, et al.
(author)
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Operating room nurses' experiences of skin preparation in connection with orthopaedic surgery: A focus group study
- 2020
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Wiley. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 26:5
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Preoperative skin preparation is performed differently by different operating room nurses. Aim To deepen the understanding of skin preparation within an orthopaedic surgical setting from the operating room nurse perspective and to explore their experiences. Methods A qualitative exploratory design was used. Four focus group interviews were conducted during 2016-2017, at four hospitals in Sweden, using procedures developed by Krueger and Casey. A total of 19 operating room nurses were recruited through purposive sampling. Results Statements were categorized into four categories of experiences: (1) Knowing, which related to learning and sources of knowledge; (2) Doing, which related to skin preparation and activities based on tradition and evidence; (3) The Team, which related to the assignment of responsibility and collaboration with patients and other professions; and (4) The Setting, which related to factors around the patient and included feelings of time pressure and access to supplies. Conclusions Theory and practice differ, and some skin preparation used are based on tradition rather than on evidence or recommendations. Elements both within the team in the operating room and within the organization influence the result. Operating room nurses' duty to perform safe skin preparation must be respected in the team.
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| 38. |
- Minhage, Margareta, et al.
(author)
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Psychometric testing of the Swedish version of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Multilevel Assessment Instrument
- 2007
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 13:3, s. 139-150
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We examined whether the Swedish adaptation of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Multilevel Assessment Instrument (PGCMAI) developed by Lawton meets criteria for reliability and validity in an elderly Swedish population with locomotor disability. Data were collected, using the mid-length version of the instrument, from 199 elderly people with locomotor disability in two Swedish counties. Reliability was determined by Cronbach's alpha and construct validity was tested by means of exploratory factor analysis. Comparison was made with the Standardized Practical Equipment (SPE) test. Factor analysis identified eight factors, which were comparable to the original eight domains. There was a logical correlation between the PGCMAI and the SPE test. Further psychometric testing is recommended on other groups of elderly people.
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| 39. |
- Mårtenson Wikström, Eva, 1974-, et al.
(author)
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Observations of health care professionals sharing and contributing responsibility in paediatric caring situations
- 2009
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 15:3, s. 185-190
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study aimed to identify, describe and generate concepts regarding health care professionals’ information exchanges with minors and/or their parents/guardians in paediatric caring situations. The study took place at three paediatric outpatient units at a university hospital and there were 15 health care professionals involved. Using the grounded theory and the constant comparative analysis methods, the data collection and analysis was undertaken simultaneously, using participant observation, review of medical records and follow-up interviews. The main concern of the health care professionals that emerged as the core category was: sharing and contributing responsibility, interrelated with the six categories; interchanging of knowledge, relationship-creating chat, calculated confirming, encouraging, dichotomous talking and of situation related effects. This research has explored the elements of information exchange in caring situations and highlighted the interaction between the involved persons. These findings could be valuable to health care professionals in order to develop and improve their caring skills.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Nilsson, Kerstin, et al.
(author)
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Registered nurses' everyday activities in municipal health care : A study of diaries
- 2009
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 15:6, s. 543-552
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study described the work content of registered nurses (RNs) employed in municipal health care. Diary notes of three working days from 34 RNs were analysed using content analysis, and a total of 3185 activities were identified. Of these, 2807 were analysed further and grouped by comparing similarities and differences. The content of the RNs' nursing activities consisted of assessing health, giving treatments and conducting check-ups, handling pharmaceuticals and teaching. In the administration category, the content comprised planning and reporting, followed by documentation. The RNs' role in municipal health care is consultative, which reinforces their need for competence in advanced nursing, as well as in leadership and pedagogy. RNs mostly work without colleagues and they are responsible for many seriously ill patients. In order to be confident in providing qualified nursing, specialist nursing education in elderly care is needed.
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| 42. |
- Nyström, Anita, 1960-, et al.
(author)
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Nursing students' experiences of being video-recorded during examination in a fictive emergency care situation
- 2014
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Wiley. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 20:5, s. 540-548
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Promoting bachelor nursing students’ learning in simulated care can be achieved through dynamic scenario-based training sessions that are documented using simple video equipment. One valuable aspect of this kind of training is the subsequent reflective dialogue that takes place between the teacher and the students during the examination.Aim: The aim of the present paper is to describe bachelor nursing students’ experiences of being video-recorded during an examination with a simulated patient in emergency care.Method: The study was descriptive in design and used a qualitative approach with written answers to open-ended questions; 44 bachelor nursing students participated.Results: A latent content analysis resulted in three themes: (1) Visualization may cause nervousness at first, (2) Visualization promotes dialogue and acknowledgement, and (3) Visualization promotes increased self-knowledge and professional growth. Conclusion: The conclusion is that video-recording is a good way for bachelor nursing students to develop skills in emergency care situations and to understand their own actions; it may also help them increase their self-knowledge.
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| 43. |
- Raak, Ragnhild, 1948-, et al.
(author)
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Stress coping strategies in thermal pain sensitive and insensitive healthy subjects
- 2001
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 7:3, s. 162-168
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate stress coping strategies used in relation to heat and cold pain thresholds in healthy subjects. After using the Jalowiec Coping Scale, cold and heat pain thresholds were examined using the Quantitative Somatosensory Test in 47 healthy subjects. The participants were separated into thermal pain sensitive and insensitive groups, based on thermal pain perception. The results showed that subjects sensitive to thermal pain tended to adopt an emotive stress coping style significantly more commonly than the insensitive subjects. Furthermore, women displayed a marked preference for this style compared to men. The conclusion is that emotional stress coping did play a role in the perception of thermal pain in this group of healthy subjects and that clinical nursing interventions need to focus on the relationship between emotion and coping.
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| 44. |
- Ragneskog, Hans, et al.
(author)
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Individualized music played for agitated patients with dementia: Analysis of video-recorded sessions
- 2001
-
In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 7:3, s. 146-155
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Many nursing home patients with dementia suffer from symptoms of agitation (e.g. anxiety, shouting, irritability). This study investigated whether individualized music could be used as a nursing intervention to reduce such symptoms in four patients with severe dementia. The patients were video-recorded during four sessions in four periods, including a control period without music, two periods where individualized music was played, and one period where classical music was played. The recordings were analysed by systematic observations and the Facial Action Coding System. Two patients became calmer during some of the individualized music sessions; one patient remained sitting in her armchair longer, and the other patient stopped shouting. For the two patients who were most affected by dementia, the noticeable effect of music was minimal. If the nursing staff succeed in discovering the music preferences of an individual, individualized music may be an effective nursing intervention to mitigate anxiety and agitation for some patients.
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| 45. |
- Ranheim, Albertine, et al.
(author)
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Embodied reflection in practice-Touching the core of caring
- 2010
-
In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 16:3, s. 241-247
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A study was performed with the aim of clarifying the integration of the caring act of touch with reflection on caring theory. Seven participant nurses in elderly care volunteered as coresearchers and performed a caring act called Rhythmical Embrocation, together with reflective dialogues on caring theory. The project lasted for 6 months and at the end qualitative interviews with participants were used to evaluate the study. The findings showed an opening of awareness, embodied moments of presence and an extended ability to act creatively in caring. In this study, the movement between theory and practice was the integration of the caring act with reflection on basic caring concepts. Implications for praxis development are that implementation and reflection by teams over certain caring acts might open the door to an expanded view of ones own caring ability that in the long run will benefit the patient.
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| 46. |
- Rokstad, Anne Marie Mork, et al.
(author)
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Psychometric evaluation of the Norwegian version of the Person-centred Care Assessment Tool
- 2012
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - Malden, USA : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 18:1, s. 99-105
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Person-centred Care Assessment Tool (P-CAT) was developed as a self-reporting assessment scale for staff ratings of the person-centredness of their nursing practice. This study investigates the psychometric properties of P-CAT in a sample of staff working in residential units for older people. Descriptive characteristics were calculated for each item and an independent-sample t-test was used to compare ratings from different groups. Internal consistency and reliability were examined using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Exploratory factor analysis was used to evaluate construct validity. Test-retest reliability was examined by means of intra-class correlation and the Pearson correlation coefficient. The mean score of P-CAT was 45.3 (standard deviation 7.8). Cronbach's alpha was 0.83. The factor analysis resulted in a two-component solution organizing the items into two subscales. There were significant differences between ordinary care units and special-care units and between various occupational groups, indicating a discriminating ability of the tool.
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| 47. |
- Rudolfsson, Gudrun, 1948-
(author)
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Being altered by the unexpected : Understanding the perioperative patient's experience
- 2014
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Wiley. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 20:4, s. 433-437
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present paper focuses on the process of understanding the patient in the context of perioperative caring and reports a story narrated by a perioperative nurse as well as her emerging understanding of the patient prior to surgery at an operating department. This qualitative case study had a dual purpose; firstly, to describe how the perioperative nurse's understanding of the patient emerged and, secondly, to establish how the researcher interpreted the situation. As a perioperative nurse and researcher, the author is both the narrator and interpreter. To date we have rarely discussed the fact that, in a perioperative context, the patient might feel ashamed of his/her body, even before arriving at the operating department. This new understanding emerged from the hermeneutical dialogue in the present study.
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| 48. |
- Runeson, Ingrid, et al.
(author)
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Children's needs during hospitalization: an observational study of hospitalized boys.
- 2002
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114. ; 8:3, s. 66-158
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Twenty-one boys (age range 5 months to 16 years) were followed during their stay at hospital. Total observation time was 120 h. Field notes were made immediately after each observation. These were then transcribed into a narrative text, which was analysed by content analysis. Six categories of needs were identified during non-threatening situations at the hospital: the need for activity, the need for new experiences, the need for information, the need for participation, the need for praise and recognition, and needs related to physical resources. Four categories of needs were found during episodes of threat, discomfort and pain: the need for control, the need for having their parents nearby, the need for what is familiar, and the need for integrity. These results indicate that those involved in the care of children should be alert to the fact that as circumstances change, different needs have to be met. During non-threatening situations efforts should be made to inform children and to allow them to continue with their everyday lives. During threatening situations the children should be assisted and supported in keeping the situation under control.
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| 49. |
- Sund-Levander, Märtha, et al.
(author)
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Errors in body temperature assessment related to individual variation, measuring technique and equipment
- 2005
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In: International journal of nursing practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 10:5, s. 216-223
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Errors in body temperature measurement might seriously influence the evaluation of an individual's health condition. We studied individual variation, measurement technique and the equipment used when assessing body temperature. In the first part of the study, three volunteers performed repeated measurements for five mornings. In the second part, the morning rectal, oral, ear and axillary temperatures were measured once in 84 men and women (19–59 years). The repeated measurements showed a daily temperature difference of 0.1–0.4°C in rectal and oral temperatures, 0.2°C−1.7°C in the ear and 0.1–0.9°C in the axillary temperatures. In the sample of 84 subjects, men and postmenopausal women had a lower mean body temperature compared to premenopausal women. The mean deviation between rectal temperature, and oral, ear and axillary temperatures, respectively, was > 0.5°C, with a large individual variation. In conclusion, in order to improve the evaluation of body temperature, the assessment should be based on the individual variation, the same site of measurement and no adjustment of oral, ear or axillary temperatures to the rectal site.
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| 50. |
- Sund-Levander, Märtha, et al.
(author)
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Time for a change to assess and evaluate body temperature in clinical practice
- 2009
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In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 15:4, s. 241-249
-
Research review (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The definition of normal body temperature as 37°C still is considered the norm worldwide, but in practice there is a widespread confusion of the evaluation of body temperature, especially in elderly individuals. In this paper, we discuss the relevance of normal body temperature as 37°C and consequences in clinical practice. Our conclusion is that body temperature should be evaluated in relation to the individual variability and that the best approach is to use the same site, and an unadjusted mode without adjustments to other sites. If the baseline value is not known, it is important to notice that frail elderly individuals are at risk of a low body temperature. In addition, what should be regarded as fever is closely related to what is considered as normal body temperature. That is, as normal body temperature shows individual variations, it is reasonable that the same should hold true for the febrile range.
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