| 1. |
- Askling, Helena H., et al.
(författare)
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Hepatitis A Risk in Travelers
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 16:4, s. 233-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Traveling to highly endemic areas for hepatitis A is increasing while the immunization level in travelers has been shown to be low in the countries studied. Methods In this population-based study, we have estimated the incidence rate of travel-related hepatitis A during 1997 to 2005 by use of the Swedish notification system of communicable diseases and an ongoing national database on travel patterns. We have also acquired airport-based immunization data from 2007. Results During the study period, 636 cases of travel-related hepatitis A were notified. Traveling to East Africa was associated with the highest incidence rate (14.1 cases/100,000 person months), followed by the Middle East (5.8/100,000 person months), and India with neighboring countries (5.6/100,000 person months). Visiting Friends and Relatives (VFR) travelers represented 83, 91, and 70% of the cases to these three regions. By age-group, the highest incidence was found in children 0 to 14 years (3.1/100,000 travelers) where 88% of the cases were VFR travelers. Incidence rate in unprotected travelers to East Asia, North Africa, and the Middle East was 2, 12, and 18 cases/100,000 person months, respectively. In 2007, 79% of the travelers were immunized against hepatitis A. Conclusions We conclude that travelers, and especially children, who are VFR in endemic areas constitute a high-risk group for acquiring hepatitis A infection, while the risk for unprotected tourists to East Asia is low.
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| 2. |
- Boggild, Andrea K, et al.
(författare)
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Latitudinal patterns of travel among returned travelers with influenza : results from the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network, 1997-2007.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 19:1, s. 4-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Influenza is a common vaccine-preventable disease among international travelers, but few data exist to guide use of reciprocal hemisphere or out-of-season vaccines. METHODS: We analyzed records of ill-returned travelers in the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network to determine latitudinal travel patterns in those who acquired influenza abroad. RESULTS: Among 37,542 ill-returned travelers analyzed, 59 were diagnosed with influenza A and 11 with influenza B. Half of travelers from temperate regions to the tropics departed outside influenza season. Twelve travelers crossed hemispheres from one temperate region to another, five during influenza season. Ten of 12 travelers (83%) with influenza who crossed hemispheres were managed as inpatients. Proportionate morbidity estimates for influenza A acquisition were highest for travel to the East-Southeast Asian influenza circulation network with 6.13 (95% CI 4.5-8.2) cases per 1000 ill-returned travelers, a sevenfold increased proportionate morbidity compared to travel outside the network. CONCLUSIONS: Alternate hemisphere and out-of-season influenza vaccine availability may benefit a small proportion of travelers. Proportionate morbidity estimates by region of travel can inform pre-travel consultation and emphasize the ease of acquisition of infections such as influenza during travel.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Carlsson, T, et al.
(författare)
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Homeopathic Resistant Malaria
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of travel medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1708-8305 .- 1195-1982. ; 3:1, s. 62-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Hudson, Diana, et al.
(författare)
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Factors associated with injuries occurring aboard vessels in Alaska : differences between residents and nonresidents.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 13:2, s. 67-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Over the past decade, visitors to Alaska have spent increasing amounts of time engaged in water-based recreational activities aboard vessels of various sizes. Serious vessel-related injuries to travelers in Alaska involve not only medical care from unfamiliar health care providers and facilities but also entail the loss of vacation time and the need for injured travelers to return to their homes under less than optimal traveling conditions. METHODS: This study employed a retrospective, case-comparison analysis to identify differences in factors associated with recreational injuries acquired aboard watercraft that resulted in hospitalizations of residents and nonresidents of Alaska during 1991 to 2000. Tests of proportions were conducted to elucidate differences in demographic characteristics and injury precursors between the two subgroups. Specific injury outcomes were then tested for significance using odds ratios. RESULTS: Alaska residents and nonresidents demonstrated significant differences for both demographic factors and factors describing events leading to injuries, and for injury outcomes. Nonresidents were more likely to be 65 years or older, female, and aboard cruise ships when injuries occurred. Nonresidents were more likely to suffer fracture injuries, to suffer injuries with Abbreviated Injury Scores greater than 2, to experience posthospital discharges to sites other than their homes, and to experience postinjury disabilities. CONCLUSIONS: Alaska residents and nonresidents in this study showed significant differences in demographics, precipitating events, and injury outcomes. The findings lend support for targeted safety promotion programs.
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| 12. |
- Kantele, Anu, et al.
(författare)
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Plasmodium falciparum-Malaria in Pregnant African Immigrants Often Goes Unrecognized
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 19:6, s. 380-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report four cases of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum malaria in pregnant African women. They had immigrated to Finland 3 to 13 months earlier. The disease was revealed only by anemia. The diagnosis relied on blood smear which showed a parasitemia <0.2% in three cases. Medical personnel should be informed about the possibility of afebrile forms of malaria in pregnant women even months after immigration. Very low levels of parasitemia may call for a more sensitive diagnostic approach such as polymerase chain reaction.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Rombo, L
(författare)
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Caring for the caregivers
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of travel medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 13:6, s. 384-author
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Angelo, Kristina M., et al.
(författare)
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Zika among international travellers presenting to GeoSentinel sites, 2012-2019 : implications for clinical practice
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press. - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 27:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: International travellers contribute to the rapid spread of Zika virus (ZIKV) and its sentinel identification globally. We describe ZIKV infections among international travellers seen at GeoSentinel sites with a focus on ZIKV acquired in the Americas and the Caribbean, describe countries of exposure and traveller characteristics, and assess ZIKV diagnostic testing by site. Methods: Records with an international travel-related diagnosis of confirmed or probable ZIKV from January 2012 through December 2019 reported to GeoSentinel with a recorded illness onset date were included to show reported cases over time. Records from March 2016 through December 2019 with an exposure region of the Americas or the Caribbean were included in the descriptive analysis. A survey was conducted to assess the availability, accessibility and utilization of ZIKV diagnostic tests at GeoSentinel sites. Results: GeoSentinel sites reported 525 ZIKV cases from 2012 through 2019. Between 2012 and 2014, eight cases were reported, and all were acquired in Asia or Oceania. After 2014, most cases were acquired in the Americas or the Caribbean, a large decline in ZIKV cases occurred in 2018-19. Between March 2016 and December 2019, 423 patients acquired ZIKV in the Americas or the Caribbean, peak reporting to these regions occurred in 2016 [330 cases (78%)]. The median age was 36 years (range: 3-92); 63% were female. The most frequent region of exposure was the Caribbean (60%). Thirteen travellers were pregnant during or after travel; one had a sexually acquired ZIKV infection. There was one case of fetal anomaly and two travellers with Guillain-Barre syndrome. GeoSentinel sites reported various challenges to diagnose ZIKV effectively. Conclusion: ZIKV should remain a consideration for travellers returning from areas with risk of ZIKV transmission. Travellers should discuss their travel plans with their healthcare providers to ensure ZIKV prevention measures are taken.
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| 17. |
- Angelo, KM, et al.
(författare)
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The rise in travel-associated measles infections-GeoSentinel, 2015-2019
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of travel medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1708-8305 .- 1195-1982. ; 26:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The global threat of measles in recent years affects international travelers, and is acquired in both endemic and outbreak settings. The number of measles cases reported to GeoSentinel has risen each year since 2015 and demonstrates a high median age, short travel duration, and low measles vaccination coverage.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Besançon, Lonni, et al.
(författare)
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Mobility during the pandemic: how did our movements shape the course of COVID-19?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC. - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 29:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this manuscript, we critically assess the evidence around various methods of reducing mobility, and how these have impacted the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We further highlight the difficulty in assessing the effectiveness of such measures before giving directions for future research.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Blum, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
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LeishMan recommendations for treatment of cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis in travelers, 2014.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 21:2, s. 116-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) in travelers is still controversial. Over the last decade, national and international consortia have published recommendations for treating CL in travelers. These guidelines harmonize many issues, but there are some discrepancies.METHODS: Leishmania parasites causing CL can now be genotyped by polymerase chain reaction techniques for detecting Leishmania DNA. Therefore, treatment recommendations can now be species based rather than based on geographical exposure. To review the evidence on which the recommendations were based, "LeishMan" (Leishmaniasis Management), a group of experts from 13 institutions in eight European countries, performed a PubMed MEDLINE) literature search and considered unpublished evidence and the experts' own personal experiences. The Oxford evidence grading system was used to evaluate the information.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In this article, the authors provide practical treatment recommendations for imported CL and ML in Europe, drawn up from the review by the European experts.
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| 22. |
- Depoux, Anneliese, et al.
(författare)
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The pandemic of social media panic travels faster than the COVID-19 outbreak
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press. - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 27:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We need to rapidly detect and respond to public rumours, perceptions, attitudes and behaviours around COVID-19 and control measures. The creation of an interactive platform and dashboard to provide real-time alerts of rumours and concerns about coronavirus spreading globally would enable public health officials and relevant stakeholders to respond rapidly with a proactive and engaging narrative that can mitigate misinformation.
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| 23. |
- Diaz-Menendez, M, et al.
(författare)
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Dengue outbreak amongst travellers returning from Cuba-GeoSentinel surveillance network, January-September 2022
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of travel medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1708-8305 .- 1195-1982. ; 30:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increasing numbers of travellers returning from Cuba with dengue virus infection were reported to the GeoSentinel Network from June to September 2022, reflecting an ongoing local outbreak. This report demonstrates the importance of travellers as sentinels of arboviral outbreaks and highlights the need for early identification of travel-related dengue.
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| 24. |
- Heywood, Anita E, et al.
(författare)
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Pre-travel advice, attitudes and hepatitis A and B vaccination rates among travellers from seven countries
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press. - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 24:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Knowledge about the travel-associated risks of hepatitis A and B, and the extent of pre-travel health-advice being sought may vary between countries.METHODS: An online survey was undertaken to assess the awareness, advice-seeking behaviour, rates of vaccination against hepatitis A and B and adherence rates in Australia, Finland, Germany, Norway, Sweden, the UK and Canada between August and October 2014. Individuals aged 18-65 years were screened for eligibility based on: travel to hepatitis A and B endemic countries within the past 3 years, awareness of hepatitis A, and/or combined hepatitis A&B vaccines; awareness of their self-reported vaccination status and if vaccinated, vaccination within the last 3 years. Awareness and receipt of the vaccines, sources of advice, reasons for non-vaccination, adherence to recommended doses and the value of immunization reminders were analysed.RESULTS: Of 27 386 screened travellers, 19 817 (72%) were aware of monovalent hepatitis A or combined A&B vaccines. Of these 13 857 (70%) had sought advice from a healthcare provider (HCP) regarding combined hepatitis A&B or monovalent hepatitis A vaccination, and 9328 (67%) were vaccinated. Of 5225 individuals eligible for the main survey (recently vaccinated = 3576; unvaccinated = 1649), 27% (841/3111) and 37% (174/465) of vaccinated travellers had adhered to the 3-dose combined hepatitis A&B or 2-dose monovalent hepatitis A vaccination schedules, respectively. Of travellers partially vaccinated against combined hepatitis A&B or hepatitis A, 84% and 61%, respectively, believed that they had received the recommended number of doses.CONCLUSIONS: HCPs remain the main source of pre-travel health advice. The majority of travellers who received monovalent hepatitis A or combined hepatitis A&B vaccines did not complete the recommended course. These findings highlight the need for further training of HCPs and the provision of reminder services to improve traveller awareness and adherence to vaccination schedules.
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| 25. |
- Kim, Hakyoung, et al.
(författare)
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Viral load dynamics and shedding kinetics of mpox infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC. - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 30:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Viral load dynamics and shedding kinetics are critical factors for studying infectious diseases. However, evidence on the viral dynamics of mpox remains limited and inconclusive. Thus, we aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the viral load and viability of the re-emerged mpox virus since 2022.Methods For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase and Google Scholar for published articles that are related to mpox viral dynamics up to April 2023.Results From 19 studies, 880 samples and 1477 specimens were collected. The pooled median Ct values appeared in the following order: skin lesion [Ct value 21.7 (IQR 17.8-25.5)], anorectal [22.3 (16.9-27.6)], saliva [25.9 (22.5-31.1)], oral [29.0 (24.5-32.8)], semen [29.6 (25.9-33.4)], urine [30.5 (24.6-36.4)], pharyngeal [31.9 (26.5-37.3)], urethra [33.0 (28.0-35.0)] and blood [33.2 (30.4-36.1)]. People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have a lower Ct value in the skin [skin HIV+, 19.2 (18.3-20.0) vs skin HIV-, 25.4 (21.2-29.0)]. From the Ct values and test day since symptom onset, we identified temporal trends of viral load for each specimen type. Changes in the trend were observed at 4 days in saliva, 5 days in blood, 6 days in skin, 7 days in anorectal, urine, semen and pharyngeal and 8 days in the urethra. We determined optimal Ct cutoff values for anorectal (34.0), saliva (27.7) and urethra (33.0) specimens, where a Ct value above each cutoff suggests minimal viral viability. Using these cutoff values, we derived the duration of viable viral isolation in each specific specimen type (anorectal 19 days, saliva 14 days and urethra 14 days).Conclusion Skin lesion, anorectal and saliva samples contained the highest viral load. The peak viral load manifests within 4-8 days after symptom onset, and viable virus detection was presumed to cease within 14-19 days from symptom onset in anorectal, saliva and urethral samples.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Liu, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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The effective reproductive number of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is several times relative to Delta
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press. - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 29:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our review found the effective reproduction number and basic reproduction number of the Omicron variant elicited 3.8 and 2.5 times higher transmissibility than the Delta variant, respectively. The Omicron variant has an average basic and effective reproduction number of 8.2 and 3.6.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Liu, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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What is the reproductive number of yellow fever?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press. - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 27:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Teaser Our review found the average reproductive number R-0 for yellow fever to be 4.81 with a median of 4.21.
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| 31. |
- Muehlenbein, MP, et al.
(författare)
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Traveller exposures to animals: a GeoSentinel analysis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of travel medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1708-8305 .- 1195-1982. ; 27:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundHuman coexistence with other animals can result in both intentional and unintentional contact with a variety of mammalian and non-mammalian species. International travellers are at risk for such encounters; travellers risk injury, infection and possibly death from domestic and wild animal bites, scratches, licks and other exposures. The aim of the present analysis was to understand the diversity and distribution of animal-related exposures among international travellers.MethodsData from January 2007 through December 2018 from the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network were reviewed. Records were included if the exposure was non-migration travel with a diagnosis of an animal (dog, cat, monkey, snake or other) bite or other exposure (non-bite); records were excluded if the region of exposure was not ascertainable or if another, unrelated acute diagnosis was reported.ResultsA total of 6470 animal exposures (bite or non-bite) were included. The majority (71%) occurred in Asia. Travellers to 167 countries had at least one report of an animal bite or non-bite exposure. The majority (76%) involved dogs, monkeys and cats, although a wide range of wild and domestic species were involved. Almost two-thirds (62.6%) of 4395 travellers with information available did not report a pretravel consultation with a healthcare provider.ConclusionsMinimizing bites and other animal exposures requires education (particularly during pretravel consultations) and behavioral modification. These should be supplemented by the use of pre-exposure rabies vaccination for travellers to high-risk countries (especially to those with limited access to rabies immunoglobulin), as well as encouragement of timely (in-country) post-exposure prophylaxis for rabies and Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1 (herpesvirus B) when warranted.
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| 32. |
- Osman, Sarah, et al.
(författare)
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Dengue, chikungunya and Zika in GeoSentinel surveillance of international travellers : a literature review from 1995 to 2020
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press. - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 27:8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: GeoSentinel is a global surveillance network of travel medicine providers seeing ill-returned travellers. Much of our knowledge on health problems and infectious encountered by international travellers has evolved as a result of GeoSentinel surveillance, providing geographic and temporal trends in morbidity among travellers while contributing to improved pre-travel advice. We set out to synthesize epidemiological information, clinical manifestations and time trends for dengue, chikungunya and Zika in travellers as captured by GeoSentinel.METHODS: We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed on international travellers who presented with dengue, chikungunya or Zika virus infections to GeoSentinel sites around the world from 1995 until 2020.RESULTS: Of 107 GeoSentinel publications, 42 articles were related to dengue, chikungunya and/or Zika. The final analyses and synthesis of and results presented here are based on the findings from 27 original articles covering the three arboviral diseases.CONCLUSIONS: Dengue is the most frequent arboviral disease encountered in travellers presenting to GeoSentinel sites, with increasing trends over the past two decades. In Southeast Asia, annual proportionate morbidity increased from 50 dengue cases per 1,000 ill returned travellers in non-epidemic years to an average of 159 cases per 1,000 travellers during epidemic years. The highest number of travelers with chikungunya virus infections was reported during the chikungunya outbreak in the Americas and the Caribbean in the years 2013-2016. Zika was first reported by GeoSentinel already in 2012, but notifications peaked in the years 2016-2017 reflecting the public health emergency in the Americas at the time.
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| 33. |
- Pilipenco, Alina, et al.
(författare)
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Negligible risk of surface transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in public transportation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press. - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 30:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Exposure to pathogens in public transport systems is a common means of spreading infection, mainly by inhaling aerosol or droplets from infected individuals. Such particles also contaminate surfaces, creating a potential surface-transmission pathway.Methods: A fast acoustic biosensor with an antifouling nano-coating was introduced to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on exposed surfaces in the Prague Public Transport System. Samples were measured directly without pre-treatment. Results with the sensor gave excellent agreement with parallel quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) measurements on 482 surface samples taken from actively used trams, buses, metro trains and platforms between 7 and 9 April 2021, in the middle of the lineage Alpha SARS-CoV-2 epidemic wave when 1 in 240 people were COVID-19 positive in Prague.Results: Only ten of the 482 surface swabs produced positive results and none of them contained virus particles capable of replication, indicating that positive samples contained inactive virus particles and/or fragments. Measurements of the rate of decay of SARS-CoV-2 on frequently touched surface materials showed that the virus did not remain viable longer than 1-4 h. The rate of inactivation was the fastest on rubber handrails in metro escalators and the slowest on hard-plastic seats, window glasses and stainless-steel grab rails. As a result of this study, Prague Public Transport Systems revised their cleaning protocols and the lengths of parking times during the pandemic.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that surface transmission played no or negligible role in spreading SARS-CoV-2 in Prague. The results also demonstrate the potential of the new biosensor to serve as a complementary screening tool in epidemic monitoring and prognosis.
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| 34. |
- Piyaphane, W, et al.
(författare)
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Healthcare seeking during travel: an analysis by the GeoSentinel surveillance network of travel medicine providers
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of travel medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1708-8305 .- 1195-1982. ; 30:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundInternational travellers may seek care abroad to address health problems that arise during their trip or plan healthcare outside their country of residence as medical tourists.MethodsData were collected on travellers evaluated at GeoSentinel Network sites who reported healthcare during travel. Both unplanned and planned healthcare were analysed, including the reason and nature of healthcare sought, characteristics of the treatment provided and outcomes. Travellers that presented for rabies post-exposure prophylaxis were described elsewhere and were excluded from detailed analysis.ResultsFrom May 2017 through June 2020, after excluding travellers obtaining rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (n= 415), 1093 travellers reported care for a medical or dental issue that was an unanticipated part of the travellers’ planned itinerary (unplanned healthcare). Travellers who sought unplanned healthcare abroad had frequent diagnoses of acute diarrhoea, dengue, falciparum malaria and unspecified viral syndrome, and obtained care in 131 countries. Thirty-four (3%) reported subsequent deterioration and 230 (21%) reported no change in condition; a third (n = 405; 37%) had a pre-travel health encounter. Forty-one travellers had sufficient data on planned healthcare abroad for analysis. The most common destinations were the US, France, Dominican Republic, Belgium and Mexico. The top reasons for their planned healthcare abroad were unavailability of procedure at home (n = 9; 19%), expertise abroad (n = 9; 19%), lower cost (n = 8; 17%) and convenience (n = 7; 15%); a third (n = 13; 32%) reported cosmetic or surgical procedures. Early and late complications occurred in 14 (33%) and 4 (10%) travellers, respectively. Four travellers (10%) had a pre-travel health encounter.ConclusionsInternational travellers encounter health problems during travel that often could be prevented by pre-travel consultation. Travellers obtaining planned healthcare abroad can experience negative health consequences associated with treatments abroad, for which pre-travel consultations could provide advice and potentially help to prevent complications.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Quam, Mikkel B., et al.
(författare)
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Estimating Air Travel-Associated Importations of Dengue Virus Into Italy
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 22:3, s. 186-193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Southern Europe is increasingly at risk for dengue emergence, given the seasonal presence of relevant mosquito vectors and suitable climatic conditions. For example, Aedes mosquitoes, the main vector for both dengue and chikungunya, are abundant in Italy, and Italy experienced the first ever outbreak of chikungunya in Europe in 2007. We set out to estimate the extent of dengue virus importations into Italy via air travelers.Methods: We attempted to quantify the number of dengue virus importations based on modeling of published estimates on dengue incidence in the countries of disembarkation and analysis of data on comprehensive air travel from these countries into Italy's largest international airport in Rome.Results: From 2005 to 2012, more than 7.3 million air passengers departing from 100 dengue-endemic countries arrived in Rome. Our Importation Model, which included air traveler volume, estimated the incidence of dengue infections in the countries of disembarkation, and the probability of infection coinciding with travel accounted for an average of 2,320 (1,621–3,255) imported dengue virus infections per year, of which 572 (381–858) were “apparent” dengue infections and 1,747 (1,240–2,397) “inapparent.”Conclusions: Between 2005 and 2012, we found an increasing trend of dengue virus infections imported into Rome via air travel, which may pose a potential threat for future emergence of dengue in Italy, given that the reoccurring pattern of peak importations corresponds seasonally with periods of relevant mosquito vector activity. The observed increasing annual trends of dengue importation and the consistent peaks in late summer underpin the urgency in determining the threshold levels for the vector and infected human populations that could facilitate novel autochthonous transmission of dengue in Europe.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Quam, Mikkel, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Estimated global exportations of Zika virus infections via travellers from Brazil from 2014 to 2015
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press. - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 23:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ongoing Zika pandemic in Latin America illustrates a potential source for further globalized spread. Here, we assessed global travel-related Zika virus exportations from Brazil during the initial year of the epidemic. Similar to subsequent national notifications, we estimated 584-1786 exported Zika cases from Brazil occurred September 2014-August 2015.
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| 40. |
- Rocklöv, Joacim, Professor, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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COVID-19 outbreak on the Diamond Princess cruise ship : estimating the epidemic potential and effectiveness of public health countermeasures
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press. - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 27:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Cruise ships carry a large number of people in confined spaces with relative homogeneous mixing. On 3 February, 2020, an outbreak of COVID-19 on cruise ship Diamond Princess was reported with 10 initial cases, following an index case on board around 21-25 January. By 4 February, public health measures such as removal and isolation of ill passengers and quarantine of non-ill passengers were implemented. By 20 February, 619 of 3,700 passengers and crew (17%) were tested positive.METHODS: We estimated the basic reproduction number from the initial period of the outbreak using (SEIR) models. We calibrated the models with transient functions of countermeasures to incidence data. We additionally estimated a counterfactual scenario in absence of countermeasures, and established a model stratified by crew and guests to study the impact of differential contact rates among the groups. We also compared scenarios of an earlier versus later evacuation of the ship.RESULTS: The basic reproduction rate was initially 4 times higher on-board compared to the ${R}_0$ in the epicentre in Wuhan, but the countermeasures lowered it substantially. Based on the modeled initial ${R}_0$ of 14.8, we estimated that without any interventions within the time period of 21 January to 19 February, 2920 out of the 3700 (79%) would have been infected. Isolation and quarantine therefore prevented 2307 cases, and lowered the ${R}_0$ to 1.78. We showed that an early evacuation of all passengers on 3 February would have been associated with 76 infected persons in their incubation time.CONCLUSIONS: The cruise ship conditions clearly amplified an already highly transmissible disease. The public health measures prevented more than 2000 additional cases compared to no interventions. However, evacuating all passengers and crew early on in the outbreak would have prevented many more passengers and crew from infection.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Rombo, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Antimalarial Prophylaxis-Efficacy or Effectiveness?
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 21:2, s. 137-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 43. |
- Stefansson, M., et al.
(författare)
-
A single booster dose of diphtheria vaccine is effective for travelers regardless of time interval since previous doses
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 25
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our study showed the immune response before and after a booster against diphtheria given within the 20-year interval recommended in Sweden or after a prolonged interval. Of 40 travellers, 10/13 in recommended interval group were immune before booster and 19/27 with a delayed interval. After booster, 13/13 versus 26/27 were protected. One booster was sufficient to achieve immunity regardless of the interval.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Wannigama, Dhammika Leshan, et al.
(författare)
-
Tracing the transmission of mpox through wastewater surveillance in Southeast Asia
- 2023
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE. - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 30:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High population density and tourism in Southeast Asia increase the risk of mpox due to frequent interpersonal contacts. Our wastewater surveillance in six Southeast Asian countries revealed positive signals for Monkeypox virus (MPXV) DNA, indicating local transmission. This alerts clinicians and helps allocate resources like testing, vaccines and therapeutics in resource-limited countries.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Wickramage, K, et al.
(författare)
-
Migrants in the Middle East and North Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of travel medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1708-8305 .- 1195-1982. ; 30:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As COVID-19 vaccine roll-out begins in the MENA region, ensuring that migrant populations have equitable access to the vaccine, designing innovative and specific mechanisms for vaccine roll-out in these areas and monitoring vaccine uptake in migrant groups are now imminent challenges.
|
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| 49. |
- Wickramage, K, et al.
(författare)
-
Migrants in the Middle East and North Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of travel medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1708-8305 .- 1195-1982. ; 30:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As COVID-19 vaccine roll-out begins in the MENA region, ensuring that migrant populations have equitable access to the vaccine, designing innovative and specific mechanisms for vaccine roll-out in these areas and monitoring vaccine uptake in migrant groups are now imminent challenges.
|
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| 50. |
- Wilder-Smith, Annelies
(författare)
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Dengue in international travelers : quo vadis?
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Travel Medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1195-1982 .- 1708-8305. ; 20:6, s. 341-343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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