| 1. |
- Öhrn, Angelica, et al.
(författare)
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Elastic scattering of 96 MeV neutrons from iron, yttrium, and lead
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 77:2, s. 024605-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data on elastic scattering of 96 MeV neutrons from Fe-56, Y-89, and Pb-208 in the angular interval 10-70 degrees are reported. The previously published data on Pb-208 have been extended, as a new method has been developed to obtain more information from data, namely to increase the number of angular bins at the most forward angles. A study of the deviation of the zero-degree cross section from Wick's limit has been performed. It was shown that the data on Pb-208 are in agreement with Wick's limit while those on the lighter nuclei overshoot the limit significantly. The results are compared with modern optical model predictions, based on phenomenology and microscopic nuclear theory. The data on Fe-56, Y-89, and Pb-208 are in general in good agreement with the model predictions.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Alkhazov, GD, et al.
(författare)
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SPES4-pi: installation for exclusive study of nuclear reactions
- 2005
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 551:2-3, s. 290-311
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper describes the spectrometric system "SPES4-pi" used at the National Laboratory Saturne (CE Saclay, France) for the exclusive study of the baryon resonance excitation in inelastic alpha and d scattering on the proton, as well as coherent pion production in charge exchange reactions. The system consists of the magnetic spectrometer SPES4 and two wide-aperture position-sensitive detector arrays, equipped with wire chambers and scintillator hodoscopes, installed around a large-gap C-shape dipole magnet.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Hildebrand, Angelica, et al.
(författare)
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Elastic Neutron Scattering at 96 MeV
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proc. Int. Conf. on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Blideanu, V., et al.
(författare)
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Nucleon-induced reactions at intermediate energies : New data at 96 MeV and theoretical status
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 70:1, s. 014607-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Double-differential cross sections for light charged particle production (up to A=4) were measured in 96 MeV neutron-induced reactions, at the TSL Laboratory Cyclotron in Uppsala (Sweden). Measurements for three targets, Fe, Pb, and U, were performed using two independent devices, SCANDAL and MEDLEY. The data were recorded with low-energy thresholds and for a wide angular range (20°–160°). The normalization procedure used to extract the cross sections is based on the np elastic scattering reaction that we measured and for which we present experimental results. A good control of the systematic uncertainties affecting the results is achieved. Calculations using the exciton model are reported. Two different theoretical approaches proposed to improve its predictive power regarding the complex particle emission are tested. The capabilities of each approach is illustrated by comparison with the 96 MeV data that we measured, and with other experimental results available in the literature.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Hildebrand, A, et al.
(författare)
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Elastic neutron scattering at 96 MeV
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology: Santa Fé, New Mexico, USA, September 26-October 1, 2004. ; , s. 853-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Laegsgaard, E, et al.
(författare)
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A high-pressure scanning tunneling microscope
- 2001
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Ingår i: Review of Scientific Instruments. - : AIP Publishing. - 0034-6748 .- 1089-7623. ; 72:9, s. 3537-3542
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the design and performance of a high-pressure scanning tunneling microscope (HP-STM), which allows atom-resolved imaging of metal surfaces at pressures ranging from ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) to atmospheric pressures (1 x 10(-10)-1000 mbar) on a routine basis. The HP-STM is integrated in a gold-plated high-pressure cell with a volume of only similar to0.5 l, which is attached directly to an UHV preparation/analysis chamber. The latter facilitates quick sample transfer between the UHV chamber and the high-pressure cell, and allows for in situ chemical and structural analysis by a number of analytical UHV techniques incorporated in the UHV chamber. Reactant gases are admitted to the high-pressure cell via a dedicated gas handling system, which includes several stages of gas purification. The use of ultrapure gasses is essential when working at high pressures in order to achieve well-defined experimental conditions. The latter is demonstrated in the case of H/Cu(110) at atmospheric H-2 pressures where impurity-related structures were observed. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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| 19. |
- Mermod, Philippe, et al.
(författare)
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95 MeV neutron scattering on hydrogen, deuterium, carbon and oxygen
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 74:5, s. 054002-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three neutron-deuteron scattering experiments at 95 MeV have been performed recently at The Svedberg Laboratory in Uppsala. Subsets of the results of these experiments have been reported in two short articles, showing clear evidence for three-nucleon force effects. In this paper, we present a more detailed description of the experimental methods as well as further discussion of the results. In addition to neutron-deuteron scattering data, neutron-proton and C12(n,n) elastic scattering data have been measured for normalization purposes, and O16(n,n) data have been obtained for the first time at this energy. It was possible to extract C12(n,n') and O16(n,n') inelastic scattering cross sections to excited states below 12 MeV excitation energy. The inelastic scattering data (for both carbon and oxygen) are shown to have a significant impact on the determination of nuclear recoil kerma coefficients.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Pomp, S, et al.
(författare)
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Nuclear Data for Medicine and Electronics
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Nuclear Data for the Transmutation of Nuclear Waste. - 3000122761
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 23. |
- Ramstein, B, et al.
(författare)
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H-2(He-3, t)2p reaction at 2 GeV
- 2003
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001. ; 16:4, s. 583-597
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The exclusive H-2 (He-3, t)2p reaction has been studied at 2 GeV for energy transfers up to 500 MeV and triton angles up to 3.4degrees. The protons were measured in the large acceptance magnetic detector DIOGENE, in coincidence with the forward tritons detected in a dedicated magnetic arm. The energy transfer spectra extend well above the pion threshold. However, in the region of Delta excitation, the yield is less than 10% of the inclusive H-2(He-3, t) cross-section, which indicates the small contribution of the DeltaN --> NN process. The angular distributions of the two protons in their center of mass have been analysed as a function of energy transfer and triton angle and a Legendre polynomial decomposition has been achieved. These data have been compared to a model based on a coupled-channel approach for describing the NN and NDelta systems.
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| 24. |
- Ryzhov, I. V., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of Fragment Mass Yields in Neutron-induced Fission of (232)Th and (238)U at 33, 45 and 60 MeV
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of the Korean Physical Society. - : Korean Physical Society. - 0374-4884 .- 1976-8524. ; 59:2, s. 1864-1867
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Incineration of spent nuclear fuel in Accelerator Driven Systems requires nuclear data on neutron-induced fission of actinides at energies above 20 MeV - the upper limit of conventional evaluated nuclear data files. Over the past years, a significant effort has been devoted to measurements of neutron-induced fission cross-sections at intermediate energies but there is a lack of experimental data on fission yields. Here we describe recent measurements of pre-neutron emission fragment mass distributions from intermediate energy neutron-induced fission of (232)Th and (238)U. The measurements have been carried out at the neutron beam of the Louvain-la-Neuve cyclotron facility CYCLONE. Quasi-monoenergetic neutrons with peak energies at 32.8, 45.3 and 59.9 MeV were produced by protons impinging on a thin lithium target. A multi-section Frisch-gridded ionization chamber was used as a fission fragment detector. The measurement results are compared with available experimental data as well as with predictions of the multi-modal random neck-rupture model implemented into the TALYS code.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Tippawan, U, et al.
(författare)
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Light-ion production in the interaction of 96 MeV neutrons with carbon
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 79:6, s. 064611-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Double-differential cross sections for light-ion (p, d, t, He-3, and alpha) production in carbon induced by 96 MeV neutrons have been measured at eight laboratory angles from 20(degrees) to 160(degrees) in steps of 20(degrees). Experimental techniques are presented as well as procedures for data taking and data reduction. Deduced energy-differential, angle-differential, and production cross sections are reported. Experimental cross sections are compared with theoretical reaction model calculations and experimental data in the literature. The measured particle data show marked discrepancies from the results of the model calculations in spectral shape and magnitude. The measured production cross sections for protons, deuterons, tritons, He-3, and alpha particles support the trends suggested by data at lower energies..
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| 29. |
- Tippawan, U., et al.
(författare)
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Light-ion production in the interaction of 96 MeV neutrons with silicon
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 69:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Double-differential cross sections for light-ion (p, d, t, He-3, and alpha) production in silicon, induced by 96 MeV neutrons, are reported. Energy spectra are measured at eight laboratory angles from 20degrees to 160degrees in steps of 20degrees. Procedures for data taking and data reduction are presented. Deduced energy-differential, angle-differential, and production cross sections are reported. Experimental cross sections are compared to theoretical reaction model calculations and experimental data in the literature.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Widgren, K, et al.
(författare)
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Prevailing effectiveness of the 2009 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine during the 2010/11 season in Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Eurosurveillance. - : eurosurveillance. - 1025-496X .- 1560-7917. ; 18:15, s. Article 5-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sixty per cent of the Swedish population received the monovalent AS03-adjuvanted pandemic influenza vaccine in the autumn of 2009. We assessed the age-specific effectiveness of this pandemic vaccine against hospitalisation with laboratory-confirmed influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 during the season 2010/11, in the age group from six months to 64 years in Sweden. The screening method was applied to available surveillance data. Our results suggest a prevailing effectiveness of 72% (95% confidence interval (CI): 63–80%) with the highest effectiveness among children, six months to nine years-old (92%, 95%CI: 80–97%). However, there were limitations in data quality and study design due to the lack of systematic recording of administered vaccinations, which underline the importance of preparing for an evaluation when planning for large public health actions. Despite these limitations, we believe the results reflect true, high prevailing vaccine effectiveness. Indeed, there were fewer deaths caused by influenza and the impact of influenza on intensive care units was less severe during the 2010/11 season in Sweden than in countries with lower pandemic vaccination coverage. The association between the pandemic vaccine and narcolepsy has increased the importance of assessing the risks and benefits of the vaccination; studies on the effectiveness and the duration of protection are needed for this.
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| 32. |
- Österlund, Lars, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Bridging the pressure gap in surface science at the atomic level : H/Cu(110)
- 2001
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 86:3, s. 460-463
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structural response of the Cu(110) surface to H-2 gas pressures ranging from 10(-13) to 1 bar is studied using a novel high-pressure scanning tunneling microscope (HP-STM). We find that at H-2 pressures larger than 2 mbar the Cu(110) surface reconstructs into the (1 X 2) "missing-row" structure. From a quantitative analysis of the pressure dependence of the surface reconstruction, we conclude that Cu(110) responds identically to hydrogen at ultrahigh vacuum conditions and at atmospheric pressures. From the HP-STM data, we extract refined values for the adsorption and desorption rate constants.
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| 33. |
- Abramsson, Mia L, et al.
(författare)
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Charge engineering reveals the roles of ionizable side chains in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The role of ionizable side chains in the electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of intact proteins remains hotly debated but has not been conclusively addressed because multiple chargeable sites are present in virtually all proteins. Using engineered soluble proteins, we show that ionizable side chains are completely dispensable for charging under native conditions, but if present, they are preferential protonation sites. The absence of ionizable side chains results in identical charge state distributions under native-like and denaturing conditions, whilst co-existing conformers can be distinguished using ion mobility separation. An excess of ionizable side chains, on the other hand, effectively modulates protein ion stability. We conclude that the sum of charges is governed solely by Coulombic terms, while their locations affect the stability of the protein in the gas phase.
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| 34. |
- Abramsson, Mia L., et al.
(författare)
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Charge Engineering Reveals the Roles of Ionizable Side Chains in Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
- 2021
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Ingår i: JACS Au. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2691-3704. ; 1:12, s. 2385-2393
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In solution, the charge of a protein is intricately linked to its stability, but electrospray ionization distorts this connection, potentially limiting the ability of native mass spectrometry to inform about protein structure and dynamics. How the behavior of intact proteins in the gas phase depends on the presence and distribution of ionizable surface residues has been difficult to answer because multiple chargeable sites are present in virtually all proteins. Turning to protein engineering, we show that ionizable side chains are completely dispensable for charging under native conditions, but if present, they are preferential protonation sites. The absence of ionizable side chains results in identical charge state distributions under native-like and denaturing conditions, while coexisting conformers can be distinguished using ion mobility separation. An excess of ionizable side chains, on the other hand, effectively modulates protein ion stability. In fact, moving a single ionizable group can dramatically alter the gas-phase conformation of a protein ion. We conclude that although the sum of the charges is governed solely by Coulombic terms, their locations affect the stability of the protein in the gas phase.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Andersson, P., et al.
(författare)
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An upgrade of the SCANDAL setup for measurements of elastic neutron scattering at 175 MeV
- 2010
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Ingår i: RADIATION MEASUREMENTS. - : Elsevier BV. ; 45:10, s. 1142-1144
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The experimental setup SCANDAL used for measurements of the differential cross section for elastic and inelastic neutron scattering, has recently been upgraded with larger CsI scintillating detectors to enable measurements at energies up to 175 MeV. Measurements on Fe. Bi and Si have been carried out using the quasi mono-energetic neutron beam at the The Svedberg Laboratory, and data is under analysis. The experimental setup can be used for measurements on a wide range of target nuclei, including C and O, which are important for dosimetry applications. SCANDAL can also run in proton mode, for measurements of the (n,p) reaction. This paper describes the new experimental setup, and reports on its properties, such as energy resolution.
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| 37. |
- Attefall, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Avskaffat bruksvärdessystem skulle inte påverka hyrorna
- 2018
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - : Dagens Nyheter. - 1101-2447. ; :2018-07-02, s. 5-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Om bruksvärdessystemet avskaffas skulle troligen allmänna jämkningsregler användas i stället vilket sannolikt skulle ge ett resultat som inte skiljer sig mycket från rådande ordning. Fastighetsägare och hyresgäster kan själva utan ny lagstiftning uppnå en nödvändig reform av hyresförhandlingarna med de förslag vi presenterar i dag, skriver Hyreskommissionen.
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| 38. |
- Bevilacqua, Riccardo, et al.
(författare)
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Light-Ion Production in the Interaction of 175 MeV Neutrons with Iron and Bismuth
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of the Korean Physical Society. - : Korean Physical Society. - 0374-4884 .- 1976-8524. ; 59:2, s. 1701-1704
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have measured double-differential (angle and energy) cross sections for light-ion (p, d, t, (3)He, and a) production in the interaction of quasi-monoenergetic 175 MeV neutrons with iron and bismuth. Measurements have been performed at the The Svedberg Laboratory, Uppsala (Sweden), using the Medley setup which allows low-energy thresholds and wide energy and angular ranges. Medley is a spectrometer system consisting of eight three-element telescopes placed at angles from 20 degrees to 160 degrees, in steps of 20 degrees. Each telescope is composed of two silicon surface barrier detectors and a CsI(Tl) scintillator, to perform particle identification, fully stop the produced light-ions and measure their kinetic energy. The time-of-flight was used to reduce the contribution from the low energy tail in the accepted incident neutron spectrum. We report double-differential production cross sections for protons, deuterons, tritons, (3)He and alpha particles and compare them with model calculations with TALYS-1.2.
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| 39. |
- Bevilacqua, R., et al.
(författare)
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Neutron induced light-ion production from Iron and Bismuth at 175 MeV
- 2010
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Ingår i: CNR*09 - Second International Workshop on Compound Nuclear Reactions and Related Topics. - : EDP Sciences. - 9782759805211 ; , s. 05005-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have measured light-ion (p, d, t, 3He and α) production in the interaction of 175 MeV neutrons with iron and bismuth, using the MEDLEY setup. A large set of measurements at 96 MeV has been recently completed and published, and now higher energy region is under investigation. MEDLEY is a conventional spectrometer system that allows low-energy thresholds and offers measurements over a wide angular range. The system consists of eight telescopes, each of them composed of two silicon surface barrier detectors, to perform particle identification, and a CsI(Tl) scintillator to fully measure the kinetic energy of the produced light-ions. The telescopes are placed at angles from 20° to 160°, in steps of 20°. Measurements have been performed at The Svedberg Laboratory, Uppsala (Sweden), where a quasi mono-energetic neutron beam is available and well characterized. Time of flight techniques are used to select light-ion events induced by neutrons in the main peak of the source neutron spectrum. We report preliminary double differential cross sections for production of protons, deuterons and tritons in comparison with model calculations using TALYS-1.0 code.
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| 40. |
- Bevilacqua, Riccardo, et al.
(författare)
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Neutron induced light-ion production from iron and bismuth at 175 MeV
- 2010
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Ingår i: RADIATION MEASUREMENTS. - : Elsevier BV. ; 45:10, s. 1145-1150
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have measured light-ion (p, d, t, He-3 and alpha) production in the interaction of 175 MeV neutrons with iron and bismuth with low-energy thresholds and for a wide angular range (from 20 degrees to 160 degrees, in steps of 20 degrees). Measurements have been performed with the Medley setup, semi-permanently installed at the The Svedberg Laboratory, Uppsala (Sweden), where a quasi-monoenergetic neutron beam is available and well characterized. Medley is a conventional spectrometer system and consists of eight telescopes, each of them composed of two silicon surface barrier detectors, to perform particle identification, and a CsI(Tl) scintillator to fully measure the kinetic energy of the produced light-ions. We report preliminary double-differential cross sections for production of protons, deuterons and tritons in comparison with model calculations using TALYS-1.0 code. These show better agreement for the production of protons, while the theoretical calculations seem to overestimate the experimental production of deuterons and tritons.
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| 41. |
- Bevilacqua, Riccardo, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Study of pre-equilibrium emission of light complex particles from Fe and Bi induced by intermediate energy neutrons
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics, Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 312:SECTION 8, s. 082013-, s. 082013-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have measured double differential cross sections (DDX) for emission of hydrogen- and helium-isotopes in the interaction of 175 MeV quasi-monoenergetic neutrons with Fe and Bi using the Medley setup at the The Svedberg Laboratory (Uppsala, Sweden). We compared experimental DDX with calculations with the TALYS code, which includes exciton model and Kalbach systematics; the code fails to reproduce the emission of complex light ions, generally overestimating it. We propose an correction for the application of the Kalbach phenomenological model in the TALYS code by introducing a new energy dependence for the nucleon transfer mechanism in the pre-equilibrium emission region. Our results suggest also evidence for multiple pre-equilibrium emission of composite particles at 175 MeV.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Eigeliene, N, et al.
(författare)
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Metastatic Rectal Carcinoma with Long-Term Remission due to Modern Multimodality Treatment
- 2021
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Ingår i: Case reports in oncology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1662-6575. ; 14:3, s. 1475-1482
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the era of personalized medicine, systemic treatment with chemotherapy in combination with targeted drugs, tailored according to <i>RAS</i> and <i>BRAF</i> status, has improved the survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), but curative resection of metastases provides the only chance of cure. Here, we present a 40-year-old male with rectal adenocarcinoma and multiple bilateral synchronous liver metastases who has achieved long-term remission with multimodal treatment without resection of all metastatic lesions. This case emphasizes the need of repeated multidisciplinary team assessments and change of treatment intent if extraordinary responses are seen. The initial therapy consisted of short-course radiotherapy and surgery of the primary tumor followed by oxaliplatin-based combination chemotherapy and panitumumab with disease control intent. A complete radiologic response in >20 liver metastases in segments II–VIII was obtained. A biopsy-verified relapse of 3 liver metastases occurred at 9 months of treatment pause. Subsequently, major liver resection of 8 lesions was performed (4 with adenocarcinoma and 4 with cicatrix showing the challenge of disappearing lesions), followed by 6 months of adjuvant-like therapy. No relapse in MRI, PET, or CT has been noted since liver resection 6 years ago. Comprehensive genomic profiling of the primary tumor and liver metastases had similar driver mutations representing a low level of gene alteration and low diversity, possibly explaining the exceptional treatment response.
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| 46. |
- Forsgård, Richard A., 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Deoxycholic acid induced changes in electrophysiological parameters and macromolecular permeability in murine small intestine with and without functional enteric nervous system plexuses
- 2014
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Ingår i: Neurogastroenterology and Motility. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1350-1925 .- 1365-2982. ; 26:8, s. 1179-1187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: We have previously shown in mice that the fecal proportion and concentration of the hydrophobic bile acid deoxycholic acid (DCA) is elevated with high-fat feeding and that these changes are able to disrupt the intestinal barrier function. The aim of this study was to investigate whether these changes are mediated by the enteric nervous system (ENS).Methods: The function of the ENS in the small intestinal tissues of mice was compromised by two different methods: by removing the seromuscular layer and by incubating the intact tissues with tetrodotoxin (TTX), a neural conduction blocker, before DCA treatment. Tissues with or without functional plexuses were mounted into a Ussing chamber system and treated with 3 mM DCA for 20 min. After DCA treatment, the intestinal permeability to fluorescein was assessed. Short-circuit current (I-sc) and transepithelial resistance (TER) were recorded throughout the experiment.Key Results: DCA increased intestinal fluorescein permeability only in tissues where the seromuscular layer was removed. In tissues with intact seromuscular layer, DCA induced a significant increase in TER, which was attenuated by blocking of the neural function by TTX.Conclusions & Inferences: The results of this study suggest that the DCA-induced increase observed in fluorescein permeability is not mediated through neural pathways, but more due to a direct effect on the epithelium. However, as TTX was able to attenuate the DCA-induced increase in TER, it can be speculated that DCA is also able to elicit responses through neural pathways.
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| 47. |
- Granqvist, Claes G., et al.
(författare)
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Nanomaterials for benign indoor environments : Electrochromics for “smart windows”, sensors for air quality, and photo-catalysts for air cleaning
- 2007
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Ingår i: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-0248 .- 1879-3398. ; 91:4, s. 355-365
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanomaterials can be used in a number of technologies in order to accomplish benign indoor environments. This paper takes a unified view on this problem from a solar-energy-based perspective and specifically considers electrochromics for achieving good day-lighting jointly with energy efficiency, sensors aimed at air quality assessment, and photocatalysis for air cleaning. Recent results, mainly from the authors’ laboratories, are reported for all of these areas.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Hellsing, B, et al.
(författare)
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Photoinduced desorption of potassium atoms from a two dimensional overlayer on graphite
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 106:3, s. 982-1002
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an experimental and theoretical investigation of K atom desorption from the basal plane of graphite at 83 K induced by low energy photons (3-6 eV). The 2D potassium overlayer is characterized by low energy electron diffraction (LEED), high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS), thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS), and work function measurements. At monolayer coverage (5.2 x 10(14) atoms cm(-2)), the dependence of the cross section on photon energy has a threshold at (h) over bar omega approximate to 3.0 eV and rises up to a maximum of 1.8 +/- 0.4 x 10(-20) cm(2) at 4.8 eV. The coverage dependence of the photoyield reflects the existence of two phases of adsorbed K, dilute ionized photo-active and close-packed photo-neutral, respectively. The observed photodesorption is a single-photon, nonthermal event, consistent with a substrate-mediated mechanism. The desorption results from attachment of optically excited hot electrons to the empty 4s state of ionized potassium. The theory predicts in this case a Gaussian line shape of the photoyield vs photon energy. Fitting the model parameters to the experimental data, we determine (i) the energy and slope of the excited state potential energy curve, and (ii) the position and width of the potassium-induced 4s resonance. The present findings combined with other available data for potassium on graphite are used to construct 1D potential energy curves along the surface normal for K+ and K-0. The calculated cross sections for s- and p-polarized Light are in qualitative agreement with the measurements. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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| 50. |
- Hellsing, B, et al.
(författare)
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Photoinduced desorption of potassium atoms from graphite
- 1996
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Ingår i: Surface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0039-6028 .- 1879-2758. ; 363:1-3, s. 247-251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an experimental and theoretical investigation of desorption of potassium atoms from the basal plane of graphite induced by photons with energies from 2 to 6 eV. The intensity of the photon flux employed in the measurements is low, and the observed photodesorption is a single-photon, non-thermal event. At monolayer coverage the photon-energy dependence of the cross section has a maximum at 4.8 eV. The experimental observations are interpreted in terms of a hot carrier mechanism, which involves attachment of optically excited substrate hot electrons to the empty 4s state of ionized potassium, and then desorption. The theory predicts a Gaussian line shape of the photoyield versus photon energy. Fitting the model parameters to the experimental data, we determine: (i) the potential energy for Gr + K+ and Gr + K-0; and (ii) the position (2.4 eV above the Fermi level) and width (0.15 eV) of the potassium 4s resonance, which is in good agreement with independent experimental observations.
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