| 1. |
- Fenstermacher, M.E., et al.
(författare)
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DIII-D research advancing the physics basis for optimizing the tokamak approach to fusion energy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0029-5515 .- 1741-4326. ; 62:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- DIII-D physics research addresses critical challenges for the operation of ITER and the next generation of fusion energy devices. This is done through a focus on innovations to provide solutions for high performance long pulse operation, coupled with fundamental plasma physics understanding and model validation, to drive scenario development by integrating high performance core and boundary plasmas. Substantial increases in off-axis current drive efficiency from an innovative top launch system for EC power, and in pressure broadening for Alfven eigenmode control from a co-/counter-I p steerable off-axis neutral beam, all improve the prospects for optimization of future long pulse/steady state high performance tokamak operation. Fundamental studies into the modes that drive the evolution of the pedestal pressure profile and electron vs ion heat flux validate predictive models of pedestal recovery after ELMs. Understanding the physics mechanisms of ELM control and density pumpout by 3D magnetic perturbation fields leads to confident predictions for ITER and future devices. Validated modeling of high-Z shattered pellet injection for disruption mitigation, runaway electron dissipation, and techniques for disruption prediction and avoidance including machine learning, give confidence in handling disruptivity for future devices. For the non-nuclear phase of ITER, two actuators are identified to lower the L-H threshold power in hydrogen plasmas. With this physics understanding and suite of capabilities, a high poloidal beta optimized-core scenario with an internal transport barrier that projects nearly to Q = 10 in ITER at ∼8 MA was coupled to a detached divertor, and a near super H-mode optimized-pedestal scenario with co-I p beam injection was coupled to a radiative divertor. The hybrid core scenario was achieved directly, without the need for anomalous current diffusion, using off-axis current drive actuators. Also, a controller to assess proximity to stability limits and regulate β N in the ITER baseline scenario, based on plasma response to probing 3D fields, was demonstrated. Finally, innovative tokamak operation using a negative triangularity shape showed many attractive features for future pilot plant operation.
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| 5. |
- Galluzzi, L, et al.
(författare)
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring cell death in higher eukaryotes.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cell death and differentiation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5403 .- 1350-9047. ; 16:8, s. 1093-107
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell death is essential for a plethora of physiological processes, and its deregulation characterizes numerous human diseases. Thus, the in-depth investigation of cell death and its mechanisms constitutes a formidable challenge for fundamental and applied biomedical research, and has tremendous implications for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. It is, therefore, of utmost importance to standardize the experimental procedures that identify dying and dead cells in cell cultures and/or in tissues, from model organisms and/or humans, in healthy and/or pathological scenarios. Thus far, dozens of methods have been proposed to quantify cell death-related parameters. However, no guidelines exist regarding their use and interpretation, and nobody has thoroughly annotated the experimental settings for which each of these techniques is most appropriate. Here, we provide a nonexhaustive comparison of methods to detect cell death with apoptotic or nonapoptotic morphologies, their advantages and pitfalls. These guidelines are intended for investigators who study cell death, as well as for reviewers who need to constructively critique scientific reports that deal with cellular demise. Given the difficulties in determining the exact number of cells that have passed the point-of-no-return of the signaling cascades leading to cell death, we emphasize the importance of performing multiple, methodologically unrelated assays to quantify dying and dead cells.
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| 15. |
- Twardek, W. M., et al.
(författare)
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Field assessments of heart rate dynamics during spawning migration of wild and hatchery-reared Chinook salmon
- 2021
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Ingår i: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences. - : The Royal Society. - 0962-8436 .- 1471-2970. ; 376:1830
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During spawning, adult Pacific salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.) complete challenging upriver migrations during which energy and oxygen delivery must be partitioned into activities such as locomotion, maturation and spawning behaviours under the constraints of an individual's cardiac capacity. To advance our understanding of cardiac function in free-swimming fishes, we implanted migrating adult Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) collected near the mouth of the Sydenham River, Ontario, with heart rate (f(H)) biologgers that recorded f(H) every 3 min until these semelparous fish expired on spawning grounds several days later. Fundamental aspects of cardiac function were quantified, including resting, routine and maximum f(H), as well as scope for f(H) (maximum-resting f(H)). Predictors of f(H) were explored using generalized least-squares regression, including water temperature, discharge, fish size and fish origin (wild versus hatchery). Heart rate was positively correlated with water temperature, which aligned closely with daily and seasonal shifts. Wild fish had slower resting heart rates than hatchery fish, which led to significantly higher scope for f(H). Our findings suggest that wild salmon may have better cardiac capacity during migration than hatchery fish, potentially promoting migration success in wild fish. This article is part of the theme issue 'Measuring physiology in free-living animals (Part I)'.
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| 16. |
- Abrams, M. B., et al.
(författare)
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A Standards Organization for Open and FAIR Neuroscience : the International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility
- 2021
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Ingår i: Neuroinformatics. - : Springer Nature. - 1539-2791 .- 1559-0089.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is great need for coordination around standards and best practices in neuroscience to support efforts to make neuroscience a data-centric discipline. Major brain initiatives launched around the world are poised to generate huge stores of neuroscience data. At the same time, neuroscience, like many domains in biomedicine, is confronting the issues of transparency, rigor, and reproducibility. Widely used, validated standards and best practices are key to addressing the challenges in both big and small data science, as they are essential for integrating diverse data and for developing a robust, effective, and sustainable infrastructure to support open and reproducible neuroscience. However, developing community standards and gaining their adoption is difficult. The current landscape is characterized both by a lack of robust, validated standards and a plethora of overlapping, underdeveloped, untested and underutilized standards and best practices. The International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility (INCF), an independent organization dedicated to promoting data sharing through the coordination of infrastructure and standards, has recently implemented a formal procedure for evaluating and endorsing community standards and best practices in support of the FAIR principles. By formally serving as a standards organization dedicated to open and FAIR neuroscience, INCF helps evaluate, promulgate, and coordinate standards and best practices across neuroscience. Here, we provide an overview of the process and discuss how neuroscience can benefit from having a dedicated standards body.
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| 21. |
- Ekström, Andreas, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Impairment of branchial and coronary blood flow reduces reproductive fitness, but not cardiac performance in paternal smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu).
- 2022
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Ingår i: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1531-4332 .- 1095-6433. ; 267:May 2022
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The capacity to extract oxygen from the water, and the ability of the heart to drive tissue oxygen transport, are fundamental determinants of important life-history performance traits in fish. Cardiac performance is in turn dependent on the heart's own oxygen supply, which in some teleost species is partly delivered via a coronary circulation originating directly from the gills that perfuses the heart, and is crucial for cardiac, metabolic and locomotory capacities. It is currently unknown, however, how a compromised branchial blood flow (e.g., by angling-induced hook damage to the gills), constraining oxygen uptake and coronary blood flow, affects the energetically demanding parental care behaviours and reproductive fitness in fish. Here, we tested the hypothesis that blocking ¼ of the branchial blood flow and abolishing coronary blood flow would negatively affect parental care behaviours, cardiac performance (heart rate metrics, via implanted Star-Oddi heart rate loggers) and reproductive fitness of paternal smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu). Our findings reveal that branchial/coronary ligation compromised reproductive fitness, as reflected by a lower proportion of broods reaching free-swimming fry and a tendency for a higher nest abandonment rate relative to sham operated control fish. While this was associated with a tendency for a reduced aggression in ligated fish, parental care behaviours were largely unaffected by the ligation. Moreover, the ligation did not impair any of the heart rate performance metrics. Our findings highlight that gill damage may compromise reproductive output of smallmouth bass populations during the spawning season. Yet, the mechanism(s) behind this finding remains elusive.
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| 22. |
- Gaffar, J, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnosis of Ibuprofen allergy through oral challenge
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Wiley. - 1365-2222. ; 50:5, s. 636-639
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 30. |
- Abrams, Jesse F., et al.
(författare)
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Committed Global Warming Risks Triggering Multiple Climate Tipping Points
- 2023
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Ingår i: Earth's Future. - 2328-4277. ; 11:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many scenarios for limiting global warming to 1.5(degrees)C assume planetary-scale carbon dioxide removal sufficient to exceed anthropogenic emissions, resulting in radiative forcing falling and temperatures stabilizing. However, such removal technology may prove unfeasible for technical, environmental, political, or economic reasons, resulting in continuing greenhouse gas emissions from hard-to-mitigate sectors. This may lead to constant concentration scenarios, where net anthropogenic emissions remain non-zero but small, and are roughly balanced by natural carbon sinks. Such a situation would keep atmospheric radiative forcing roughly constant. Fixed radiative forcing creates an equilibrium committed warming, captured in the concept of equilibrium climate sensitivity. This scenario is rarely analyzed as a potential extension to transient climate scenarios. Here, we aim to understand the planetary response to such fixed concentration commitments, with an emphasis on assessing the resulting likelihood of exceeding temperature thresholds that trigger climate tipping points. We explore transients followed by respective equilibrium committed warming initiated under low to high emission scenarios. We find that the likelihood of crossing the 1.5(degrees)C threshold and the 2.0(degrees)C threshold is 83% and 55%, respectively, if today's radiative forcing is maintained until achieving equilibrium global warming. Under the scenario that best matches current national commitments (RCP4.5), we estimate that in the transient stage, two tipping points will be crossed. If radiative forcing is then held fixed after the year 2100, a further six tipping point thresholds are crossed. Achieving a trajectory similar to RCP2.6 requires reaching net-zero emissions rapidly, which would greatly reduce the likelihood of tipping events.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Armstrong McKay, David I., et al.
(författare)
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Exceeding 1.5°C global warming could trigger multiple climate tipping points
- 2022
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 377:6611
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate tipping points occur when change in a part of the climate system becomes self-perpetuating beyond a warming threshold, leading to substantial Earth system impacts. Synthesizing paleoclimate, observational, and model-based studies, we provide a revised shortlist of global “core” tipping elements and regional “impact” tipping elements and their temperature thresholds. Current global warming of ~1.1°C above preindustrial temperatures already lies within the lower end of some tipping point uncertainty ranges. Several tipping points may be triggered in the Paris Agreement range of 1.5 to <2°C global warming, with many more likely at the 2 to 3°C of warming expected on current policy trajectories. This strengthens the evidence base for urgent action to mitigate climate change and to develop improved tipping point risk assessment, early warning capability, and adaptation strategies.
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| 38. |
- Demczuk, Walter H.B., et al.
(författare)
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae Sequence Typing for Antimicrobial Resistance : a Novel Antimicrobial Resistance Multilocus Typing Scheme for Tracking Global Dissemination of N. gonorrhoeae Strains
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. - : American Society for Microbiology. - 0095-1137 .- 1098-660X. ; 55:5, s. 1454-1468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A curated Web-based user-friendly sequence typing tool based on antimicrobial resistance determinants in Neisseria gonorrhoeae was developed and is publicly accessible (https://ngstar.canada.ca). The N. gonorrhoeae Sequence Typing for Antimicrobial Resistance (NG-STAR) molecular typing scheme uses the DNA sequences of 7 genes (penA, mtrR, porB, ponA, gyrA, parC, and 23S rRNA) associated with resistance to β-lactam antimicrobials, macrolides, or fluoroquinolones. NG-STAR uses the entire penA sequence, combining the historical nomenclature for penA types I to XXXVIII with novel nucleotide sequence designations; the full mtrR sequence and a portion of its promoter region; portions of ponA, porB, gyrA, and parC; and 23S rRNA sequences. NG-STAR grouped 768 isolates into 139 sequence types (STs) (n = 660) consisting of 29 clonal complexes (CCs) having a maximum of a single-locus variation, and 76 NG-STAR STs (n = 109) were identified as unrelated singletons. NG-STAR had a high Simpson's diversity index value of 96.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.959 to 0.969). The most common STs were NG-STAR ST-90 (n = 100; 13.0%), ST-42 and ST-91 (n = 45; 5.9%), ST-64 (n = 44; 5.72%), and ST-139 (n = 42; 5.5%). Decreased susceptibility to azithromycin was associated with NG-STAR ST-58, ST-61, ST-64, ST-79, ST-91, and ST-139 (n = 156; 92.3%); decreased susceptibility to cephalosporins was associated with NG-STAR ST-90, ST-91, and ST-97 (n = 162; 94.2%); and ciprofloxacin resistance was associated with NG-STAR ST-26, ST-90, ST-91, ST-97, ST-150, and ST-158 (n = 196; 98.0%). All isolates of NG-STAR ST-42, ST-43, ST-63, ST-81, and ST-160 (n = 106) were susceptible to all four antimicrobials. The standardization of nomenclature associated with antimicrobial resistance determinants through an internationally available database will facilitate the monitoring of the global dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant N. gonorrhoeae strains.
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| 39. |
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| 42. |
- Friman, S., et al.
(författare)
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Sotrastaurin, a Novel Small Molecule Inhibiting Protein-Kinase C : Randomized Phase II Study in Renal Transplant Recipients
- 2011
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Ingår i: American Journal of Transplantation. - : Elsevier BV. - 1600-6135 .- 1600-6143. ; 11:7, s. 1444-1455
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sotrastaurin, a selective protein-kinase-C inhibitor, blocks early T-cell activation through a calcineurin-independent mechanism. In this study, de novo renal transplant recipients with immediate graft function were randomized 1: 2 to tacrolimus (control, n = 44) or sotrastaurin (300 mg b.i.d.; n = 81). All patients received basiliximab, mycophenolic acid (MPA) and steroids. The primary endpoint was the composite of treated biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR), graft loss, death or lost to follow-up at month 3. The main safety assessment was estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR); modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) at month 3. Composite efficacy failure at month 3 was higher for the sotrastaurin versus control regimen (25.7% vs. 4.5%, p = 0.001), driven by higher BPAR rates (23.6% vs. 4.5%, p = 0.003), which led to early study termination. Median (+/- standard deviation [SD]) eGFR was higher for sotrastaurin versus control at all timepoints from day 7 (month 3: 59.0 +/- 22.3 vs. 49.5 +/- 17.7 mL/min/1.73 m(2), p = 0.006). The most common adverse events were gastrointestinal disorders (control: 63.6%; sotrastaurin: 88.9%) which led to study-medication discontinuation in two sotrastaurin patients. This study demonstrated a lower degree of efficacy but better renal function with the calcineurin-inhibitor-free regimen of sotrastaurin+MPA versus the tacrolimus-based control. Ongoing studies are evaluating alternative sotrastaurin regimens.
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| 43. |
- Frykas, TLM, et al.
(författare)
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Mothers of children with food allergies report poorer perceived life status which may be explained by limited career choices
- 2021
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Ingår i: Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1710-1484. ; 17:1, s. 12-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Pediatric food allergy is associated with direct, indirect and intangible costs. However, it remains unclear if intangible costs of pediatric food allergy influence parental career choices. Using data from 63 parents whose children had been diagnosed by a pediatric allergist with food allergy, we sought to (a) establish perceived life status of families with a food allergic child, and (b) to describe any career limitations viewed as attributable to food allergy. Compared to responding parents whose children had one to two food allergies, those with three or more food allergies had significantly poorer perceived life status (ß − 0.74; 95%CI − 1.41; − 0.07; p < 0.05). Overall, 14.3% of parents (all mothers) reported career limitations due to food allergy. Two of the 7 mothers (28.6%) who reported career limitations due to their child's food allergy fell below Statistics Canada cut-off for low-income, after tax dollars (LIM-AT). One of the three mothers who had changed jobs because of their child's food allergy was below the LIM-AT. No fathers reported food allergy-related career limitations. In conclusion, mothers of children with multiple food allergies reported worse perceived life status that may be partly explained by food allergy-related career limitations.
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| 46. |
- Irwin, D. E., et al.
(författare)
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Impact of overactive bladder symptoms on employment, social interactions and emotional well-being in six European countries
- 2006
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Ingår i: BJU Int. - 1464-4096. ; 97:1, s. 96-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms on issues related to employment, social interactions, and emotional well-being in a population aged 40-64 years. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study comprised a cross-sectional population-based survey of 11 521 individuals aged 40-64 years, conducted in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, and the UK. The survey involved a two-stage screening procedure. Initially, individuals with any lower urinary tract symptoms were identified. Those whose only symptom/(s) was suggestive of a urinary tract infection, stress incontinence, or prostate obstruction were excluded from further study. Respondents were asked questions about the impact that their symptoms had on their emotional well-being, social interactions and productivity at home and at work. RESULTS: Of those with OAB, approximately 32% (1272) reported that having these symptoms made them feel depressed, and 28% reported feeling very stressed. There were statistically significant differences in reported feelings of stress and depression when OAB symptoms were stratified by OAB with incontinence (OAB+) vs those with OAB with no incontinence (OAB-), with values for emotional stress of OAB+ 36.4% vs OAB- 19.6%, for depression of OAB+ 39.8% vs OAB- 23.3%. Participants with OAB+ were significantly more likely than those with OAB- to express worry about having accidents and concern about participating in activities away from home because of their bladder symptoms. In addition, those with OAB+ were significantly more likely to report that these bladder symptoms were a source of great concern and made them feel uncomfortable in social situations compared to those with OAB-. Men were significantly more likely than women to report OAB+ having an impact on their daily work life, including worry about interrupting meetings, impact on decisions about work location and hours, and voluntary termination or early retirement. This effect was primarily in men reporting OAB+. CONCLUSION: OAB symptoms have a significant effect on the emotional well-being and productivity of those affected, both at home and at work.
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| 47. |
- Irwin, D. E., et al.
(författare)
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Overactive bladder is associated with erectile dysfunction and reduced sexual quality of life in men
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Sexual Medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1743-6109 .- 1743-6095. ; 5:12, s. 2904-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction, including erectile dysfunction (ED), is greater in men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), including overactive bladder (OAB), than in men without LUTS. Aim. To evaluate the prevalence of ED, the impact of urinary symptoms on sexual activity and sexual enjoyment, and sexual satisfaction in men with OAB. Methods. A nested case-control analysis was performed on data from a subset of men with (cases) and without (controls) OAB frequency-matched for age (5-year age strata) and country from the EPIC study. Respondents were asked about OAB symptoms (using the 2002 International Continence Society [ICS] definitions) and sexual activity. Sexually active respondents were asked about ED, sexual enjoyment, and overall satisfaction with their sex lives. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with ED. Main Outcome Measures. The percentage of cases and controls reporting ED, a reduction in the frequency of sexual activity or enjoyment of sexual activity because of urinary symptoms, and overall satisfaction with their sex lives was determined for cases and controls. Results. A total of 502 cases and 502 controls were matched for age strata and country. Significantly more cases (14%) reported reduced sexual activity because of urinary symptoms compared with controls (4%; P
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| 48. |
- Irwin, D. E., et al.
(författare)
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Population-based survey of urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, and other lower urinary tract symptoms in five countries: results of the EPIC study
- 2006
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Ingår i: Eur Urol. - : Elsevier BV. - 0302-2838. ; 50:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Estimate the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI), overactive bladder (OAB), and other lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) among men and women in five countries using the 2002 International Continence Society (ICS) definitions. METHODS: This population-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted between April and December 2005 in Canada, Germany, Italy, Sweden, and the United Kingdom using computer-assisted telephone interviews. A random sample of men and women aged >/= 18 yr residing in the five countries and who were representative of the general populations in these countries was selected. Using 2002 ICS definitions, the prevalence estimates of storage, voiding, and postmicturition LUTS were calculated. Data were stratified by country, age cohort, and gender. RESULTS: A total of 19,165 individuals agreed to participate; 64.3% reported at least one LUTS. Nocturia was the most prevalent LUTS (men, 48.6%; women, 54.5%). The prevalence of storage LUTS (men, 51.3%; women, 59.2%) was greater than that for voiding (men, 25.7%; women, 19.5%) and postmicturition (men, 16.9%; women, 14.2%) symptoms combined. The overall prevalence of OAB was 11.8%; rates were similar in men and women and increased with age. OAB was more prevalent than all types of UI combined (9.4%). CONCLUSIONS: The EPIC study is the largest population-based survey to assess prevalence rates of OAB, UI, and other LUTS in five countries. To date, this is the first study to evaluate these symptoms simultaneously using the 2002 ICS definitions. The results indicate that these symptoms are highly prevalent in the countries surveyed.
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| 49. |
- Irwin, D. E., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence, Severity, and Symptom Bother of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms among Men in the EPIC Study: Impact of Overactive Bladder
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0302-2838. ; 56:1, s. 14-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are prevalent among men. OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence, severity, and symptom bother of LUTS in all men and men with overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms in the EPIC study. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A secondary analysis of data from EPIC, a multinational population-based survey of 19 165 adults, was performed. Current International Continence Society definitions were used for individual LUTS and OAB; OAB cases were defined as men reporting urgency. MEASUREMENTS: Participants were asked about the presence of individual LUTS and associated symptom bother. LUTS severity was measured using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: There was substantial overlap of storage, voiding, and postmicturition symptoms among all men (n=7210) and in men with OAB symptoms (n=502); men with OAB symptoms were more likely to experience multiple LUTS subtypes. Among both populations, nocturia was the most commonly reported symptom, except for urgency (the hallmark symptom) among men with OAB symptoms; terminal dribble and sensation of incomplete emptying were the most common voiding and postmicturition symptoms. The prevalence of all LUTS increased with age among the general population; only storage LUTS increased with age among men with OAB symptoms. Number of LUTS and mean IPSS increased with age in both populations but were higher among men with OAB symptoms at all ages; the proportion reporting moderate-severe LUTS was higher than the general population (30% vs 6%). The proportion of men with OAB symptoms reporting symptom bother increased with urgency severity and severity and number of LUTS. LUTS severity may have been underestimated by the IPSS, which does not assess incontinence. CONCLUSIONS: Men with LUTS commonly experience coexisting storage, voiding, and postmicturition symptoms, emphasizing the need for comprehensive urologic assessments. Men with OAB symptoms reported more LUTS and greater severity than the general population. Symptom bother was related to number of LUTS and urgency severity.
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| 50. |
- Irwin, D. E., et al.
(författare)
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Symptom bother and health care-seeking behavior among individuals with overactive bladder
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0302-2838. ; 53:5, s. 1029-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To estimate symptom bother and health care seeking among individuals with overactive bladder (OAB; ie, cases) using current International Continence Society definitions. METHODS: This was a nested case-controlled analysis of data from the EPIC study, a population-based, cross-sectional survey of adults in five countries. Cases and matched controls were asked about risk factors, use of coping techniques, and health care seeking for urinary symptoms. Cases were asked about symptom bother and assessed with the Overactive Bladder-Validated 8 and Patient Perception of Bladder Condition instruments. RESULTS: Among cases (n=1434), 54% reported symptom bother; rates were similar between men (54%) and women (53%). Significantly more men with urinary incontinence (UI) reported bother (77%) than women with UI (67%; p
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