| 1. |
- Tedner, S. G., et al.
(author)
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Maternal sensitization during pregnancy
- 2018
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In: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : WILEY. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 73:Suppl. 105, s. 694-694
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 5. |
- Reier-Nilsen, T., et al.
(author)
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Predicting reactivity threshold in children with anaphylaxis to peanut
- 2018
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In: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : WILEY. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 48:4, s. 415-423
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Peanut allergy necessitates dietary restrictions, preferably individualized by determining reactivity threshold through an oral food challenge (OFC). However, risk of systemic reactions often precludes OFC in children with severe peanut allergy.Objective: We aimed to determine whether clinical and/or immunological characteristics were associated with reactivity threshold in children with anaphylaxis to peanut and secondarily, to investigate whether these characteristics were associated with severity of the allergic reaction during OFC.Methods: A double-blinded placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) with peanut was performed in 96 5- to 15-year-old children with a history of severe allergic reactions to peanut and/or sensitization to peanut (skin prick test [SPT] 3 mm or specific immunoglobulin E [s-IgE] 0.35 kUA/L). Investigations preceding the DBPCFC included a structured interview, SPT, lung function measurements, serological immunology assessment (IgE, IgG and IgG(4)), basophil activation test (BAT) and conjunctival allergen provocation test (CAPT). International standards were used to define anaphylaxis and grade the allergic reaction during OFC.Results: During DBPCFC, all 96 children (median age 9.3, range 5.1-15.2) reacted with anaphylaxis (moderate objective symptoms from at least two organ systems). Basophil activation (CD63(+) basophils 15%), peanut SPT and the ratio of peanut s-IgE/total IgE were significantly associated with reactivity threshold and lowest observed adverse events level (LOAEL) (all P < .04). Basophil activation best predicted very low threshold level (<3 mg of peanut protein), with an optimal cut-off of 75.8% giving a 93.5% negative predictive value. None of the characteristics were significantly associated with the severity of allergic reaction.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance: In children with anaphylaxis to peanut, basophil activation, peanut SPT and the ratio of peanut s-IgE/total IgE were associated with reactivity threshold and LOAEL, but not with allergy reaction severity.
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| 8. |
- Kuitunen, M., et al.
(author)
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High IgE levels to -lactalbumin, -lactoglobulin and casein predict less successful cow's milk oral immunotherapy
- 2015
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In: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 70:8, s. 955-962
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundA new treatment option for persistent cow's milk allergy (CMA) is oral immunotherapy (OIT). Not all patients develop tolerance during therapy, and markers to identify those who will benefit from it are needed. The objective was to study the IgE and IgG(4) antibody profiles to milk and milk proteins before and after OIT in relation to clinical outcome. MethodsSeventy-six children (5-17years) with challenge-verified CMA were subjected to a 6-month OIT protocol. The treatment aimed at reaching a maintenance dose of 200ml CM (high dose=HD). Those who did not reach target were analysed as a low-dose (LD) group. Sera were characterized before and after OIT regarding serum levels of IgE and IgG(4) to milk and five milk allergen components evaluated together with clinical CMA symptoms and outcome of OIT. ResultsFifty-five (72%) patients reached the maintenance dose (HD) during therapy. High specific IgE levels towards the milk allergens -lactalbumin (P=0.048), -lactoglobulin (P=0.006) and casein (P=0.015) before OIT start were associated with lower maintenance dose reached. Patients who developed desensitization had a larger increase in IgG(4) levels to -lactalbumin (P=0.034), -lactoglobulin (P=0.010), casein (P=0.047) and lactoferrin (P=0.030) during treatment than those who failed. ConclusionsComponent-resolved diagnostics before OIT can help to identify children with lower probability of a successful OIT outcome, as high IgE levels to -lactalbumin, -lactoglobulin and casein are associated with lower maintenance dose reached. An increase in the IgG(4) concentration to milk components during treatment indicated effective desensitization.
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| 14. |
- Tedner, Sandra G., et al.
(author)
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Extract and molecular-based early infant sensitization and associated factors-A PreventADALL study
- 2021
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In: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 76:9, s. 2730-2739
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background More knowledge about sensitization patterns in early infancy, including impact of molecular allergology, is needed to help predict future allergy development more accurately. Objective We aimed to determine the prevalence and patterns of allergic sensitization at 3 months of age, and explore possible associated factors. Methods From the Scandinavian antenatally recruited PreventADALL mother-child cohort, we included 1110 3-month infants with available serum. Sensitization was defined as s-IgE of >= 0.1 kU(A)/L by Phadiatop Infant(R) (ThermoFisher Scientific) including birch, cat, grass, dog, milk, egg, peanut and wheat. Further ImmunoCAP analyses to ovomucoid, casein, Ara h 1-3, omega-5-gliadin were performed in food extract s-IgE-positive children. Maternal sensitization was defined as s-IgE >= 0.35 kU(A)/L to Phadiatop(R) (inhalant allergen mix) and/or Fx5 (food allergen mix) at 18-week pregnancy. Results Overall 79 (7.3%) infants had specific sensitization, many with low s-IgE-levels (IQR 0.16-0.81 kU(A)/L), with 78 being sensitized to food extract allergens; 41 to egg, 27 to milk, 10 to peanut, and 25 to wheat. A total of 62/78 were further analysed, 18 (29%) had s-IgE to ovomucoid, casein, Ara h 1-3 and/or omega-5-gliadin. Eight infants (0.7%) were sensitized to inhalant allergens. Maternal sensitization to food allergens was associated with infant sensitization, odds ratio 3.64 (95% CI 1.53-8.68). Conclusion Already at 3 months of age, 7% were sensitized to food, mostly without detectable s-IgE to food allergen molecules, and <1% to inhalant allergens. Maternal food sensitization was associated with infants' sensitization.
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| 15. |
- Van Odijk, Jenny, 1969, et al.
(author)
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High frequency of IgE sensitization towards kiwi seed storage proteins among peanut allergic individuals also reporting allergy to kiwi
- 2017
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In: Clinical and Molecular Allergy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-7961. ; 15:18
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: IgE sensitization to storage proteins from nuts and seed is often related to severe allergic symptoms. There is a risk of immunological IgE cross-reactivity between storage proteins from different species. The potential clinical implication of such cross-reactivity is that allergens other than the known sensitizer can cause allergic symptoms. Previous studies have suggested that kiwi seed storage proteins may constitute hidden food allergens causing cross-reactive IgE-binding with peanut and other tree nut homologs, thereby mediating a potential risk of causing allergy symptoms among peanut ant tree nut allergic individuals. The objective of this study was to investigate the degree of sensitization towards kiwi fruit seed storage proteins in a cohort of peanut allergic individuals. Methods: A cohort of 59 adolescents and adults with peanut allergy was studied, and self reported allergies to a number of additional foods were collected. Quantitative IgE measurements to seed storage proteins from kiwi and peanut were performed. Results: In the cohort, 23 out of the 59 individuals were reporting kiwi fruit allergy (39%). The frequency of IgE sensitization to kiwi fruit and to any kiwi seed storage protein was higher among peanut allergic individuals also reporting kiwi fruit allergy (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.01). A positive relationship was found between IgE levels to 11S globulin (r = 0.65) and 7S globulin (r = 0.48) allergens from kiwi and peanut, but IgE levels to 2S albumin homologs did not correlate. Patients reporting kiwi fruit allergy also reported allergy to hazelnut (P = 0.015), soy (P < 0.0001), pea (P = 0.0002) and almond (P = 0.016) to a higher extent than peanut allergic individuals without kiwi allergy. Conclusions: Thirty-nine percent of the peanut allergic patients in this cohort also reported kiwi fruit allergy, they displayed a higher degree of sensitization to kiwi storage proteins from both kiwi and peanut, and they also reported a higher extent of allergy to other nuts and legumes. On the molecular level, there was a correlation between IgE levels to 11S and 7S storage proteins from kiwi and peanut. Taken together, reported symptoms and serological findings to kiwi in this cohort of patients with concurrent allergy to peanut and kiwi fruit, could be explained by a combination of cross-reactivity between the 11S and 7S globulins and co-sensitization to the 2S albumin Act d 13. © 2017 The Author(s).
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| 16. |
- Aranda, Carolina Sanchez, et al.
(author)
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Allergic sensitization pattern of patients in Brazil
- 2021
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In: Jornal de Pediatria. - : Elsevier. - 0021-7557 .- 1678-4782. ; 97:4, s. 387-395
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Allergic sensitization is one of the key components for the development of allergies. Polysensitization seems to be related to the persistence and severity of allergic diseases. Furthermore, allergic sensitization has a predictive role in the development of allergies. The aim of this study was to characterize the pattern of sensitization of atopic patients treated at different pediatric allergy referral centers in Brazil.Methods: A nation-wide transversal multicenter study collected data on patients attended in Brazil. Peripheral blood samples were collected to determine the serum levels of allergen-specific IgE. If allergen-specific IgE was higher than 0.1 kUA/L, the following specific components were quantified.Results: A total of 470 individuals were enrolled in the study. Mite sensitization was the most frequent kind in all participants. A high frequency of sensitization to furry animals and grasses featured in the respiratory allergies. Regarding components, there was a predominance of sensitization to Der p 1 and Der p 2. It has been verified that having a food allergy, atopic dermatitis, or multimorbidity are risk factors for the development of more severe allergic disease.Conclusion: Studies on the pattern of allergic sensitization to a specific population offer tools for the more effectual prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of allergic diseases. Sensitization to dust mites house was the most prevalent in the evaluated sample. High rates of sensitization to furry animals also stand out. Patients with food allergy, atopic dermatitis, or multimorbidity appear to be at greater risk for developing more severe allergic diseases.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Bjerg, Anders, 1982, et al.
(author)
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A population-based study of animal component sensitization, asthma, and rhinitis in schoolchildren
- 2015
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In: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0905-6157 .- 1399-3038. ; 26:6, s. 557-563
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundAnimal sensitization is a major determinant of asthma in children. Component-resolved studies of unselected pediatric populations are lacking. The aim was to describe sensitization to animal components and the association with asthma and rhinitis in animal-sensitized schoolchildren. MethodsA random sample of 696 children (11-12years) from a Swedish population-based cohort was tested for sensitization to cat, dog, and horse dander using ImmunoCAP. Sera from animal-sensitized children were further analyzed by microarray including three allergen components from cat, four from dog, and two from horse. The parents completed an expanded ISAAC questionnaire. ResultsOf 259 animal-sensitized children (0.1 kU(A)/l), 51% were sensitized to all three, 23% to two, and 25% to one species. Current asthma and asthma symptoms following contact with cats were associated with co-sensitization to Fel d 1 and Fel d 4. This association was seen already at moderate-level sensitization (1-15 ISU) to Fel d 4, at which level most children were sensitized to Fel d 1, as well. In dog-sensitized children, the majority was sensitized to more than one dog component, and co-sensitization to Can f 5 and Can f 1/f 2 conferred the greatest risk for asthma. Sensitization to the highly cross-reactive serum albumins was uncommon and not associated with asthma. ConclusionsAmong schoolchildren in northern Sweden, where mite allergy is uncommon, furry animals were the primary perennial sensitizers. Asthma was associated with higher levels of component sensitization, and sensitization to more than one component from the same animal conferred the greatest risk.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Darsow, U., et al.
(author)
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Heterogeneity of molecular sensitization profiles in grass pollen allergy - implications for immunotherapy?
- 2014
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In: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : Wiley. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 44:5, s. 778-786
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundData on molecular allergy diagnostics in adults with grass pollen allergy with regard to conjunctival and nasal provocation test outcome and specific immunotherapy are lacking to date. ObjectiveTo assess whether molecular allergy diagnostics for grass pollen allergens could help with predicting provocation test outcomes and serve as a basis for future component-resolved specific immunotherapy. MethodsSera of 101 adults with grass pollen allergy was analysed for IgE against timothy grass pollen (Phleum pratense), rPhl p 1, rPhl p 2, nPhl p 4, rPhl p 5b, rPhl p 6, rPhl p 7, rPhl p 11 and rPhl p12 and correlated with the individuals' outcome in the nasal and conjunctival provocation tests and investigated in regard to a potential component-resolved specific immunotherapy. ResultsAn increasing number of sensitizations to timothy grass allergens was correlated to a positive reaction in the conjunctival (4.9 vs. 3.6, P=0.003) and nasal provocation tests (4.5 vs. 2.2, P=0.0175). In molecular sensitization profiles, a substantial heterogeneity was detected, with none of the patients exactly matching the allergen composition of a previously published component-resolved specific immunotherapy containing Phl p 1, Phl p 2, Phl p 5a/b and Phl p 6. The results indicate that in 95% of the patients, a proportion of 50% of timothy-IgE would be targeted with such a specific immunotherapy, while in 50% and 10% of patients, 80% and 90% of timothy-IgE would be targeted, respectively. Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceMolecular allergy diagnostics is a prerequisite for future component-resolved specific immunotherapy due to the high heterogeneity of sensitization profiles. However, of current clinical relevance is the observed correlation between the number of sensitizations and provocation test outcome.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Ebisawa, M., et al.
(author)
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Measurement of Ara h 1-, 2-, and 3-specific IgE antibodies is useful in diagnosis of peanut allergy in Japanese children
- 2012
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In: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0905-6157 .- 1399-3038. ; 23:6, s. 573-581
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To cite this article: Ebisawa M, Moverare R, Sato S, Maruyama N, Borres MP, Komata T. Measurement of Ara h 1-, 2-, and 3-specific IgE antibodies is useful in diagnosis of peanut allergy in Japanese children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2012: 23: 573581. Abstract Background: Food challenges are time-consuming, expensive, and not always possible to perform. Therefore, new tools to diagnose food allergy are desired. The aim was to evaluate IgE antibodies to peanut allergens in the diagnosis of peanut allergy in Japanese children using ImmunoCAP (R) and IgE immunoblotting. Methods: The study included 213-yr-old consecutive patients (n = 57) referred to our specialist clinic for investigation of current peanut allergy using food challenge. All children had a previous doctors diagnosis of peanut allergy and were on elimination diet. Serum samples were analyzed for IgE reactivity to peanut, recombinant (r) Ara h 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, and 9. IgE immunoblotting (n = 23) was performed using extracts from raw and roasted peanut. Results: Twenty-six of the children failed (allergic group), and 31 passed the peanut challenge (tolerant group). The rAra h 2 ImmunoCAP test was superior in its ability to differentiate between children in the allergic and tolerant groups with a sensitivity and specificity of 88% and 84%, respectively (cutoff, 0.35 kUA/l). The combination of rAra h 1, 2, and 3 resulted in a higher specificity (94%) when IgE to all of them was the criteria for positivity. ImmunoCAP generally showed a good agreement with immunoblotting using both raw and roasted peanut for IgE reactivity to Ara h 1, 2, and 3. Conclusions: Measurement of IgE antibodies to rAra h 1, 2, and 3 is useful in the diagnosis of peanut allergy and in the investigation of reactions to raw and roasted peanut.
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| 23. |
- Färdig, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin levels in early childhood and association with preschool asthma - A prospective observational study
- 2023
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In: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 53:11, s. 1198-1211
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) is related to childhood asthma, while normal values are lacking. We aimed to document serum EDN levels at 1 and 3 years in general and in non-atopic children, and explore if EDN levels differed by sex or were associated with preschool asthma at 3 years.Methods: From the PreventADALL birth cohort, we included 1233 children with EDN analysed using ImmunoCAP at 1 and/or 3 years. Non-atopic children had no history of wheeze, asthma, allergic sensitization or atopic dermatitis. Preschool asthma was defined as having ≥3 episodes of bronchial obstruction between 2 and 3 years, plus doctor diagnosed asthma and/or asthma medication use by 3 years. The upper limit of normal (ULN) of EDN was defined as the 95th percentile. With Youden Index we calculated EDN cut-off levels for risk of preschool asthma.Results: The overall median (ULN) EDN levels were 27.4 (121) μg/L at 1 year (n = 787), and 20.1 (87.8) μg/L at 3 years (n = 857). Non-atopic children had EDN levels of 24.0 (107) μg/L at 1 year (n = 147), and 17.3 (84.6) μg/L at 3 years (n = 173). EDN levels were higher in boys compared to girls; 32.0 (133) versus 24.5 (97.0) μg/L at 1 year, and 20.9 (96.3) versus 19.0 (72.4) μg/L at 3 years. Preschool asthma was observed in 109/892 (12.2%) children. Higher EDN levels at 1 (>26.7 μg/L) and 3 (≥20.5 μg/L) years were associated with preschool asthma; adjusted OR (95% CI) 2.20 (1.09, 4.41) and 4.68 (2.29, 9.55), respectively.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance: We report EDN values in early childhood, demonstrating higher levels at 1 compared to 3 years and in boys compared to girls at both ages. Higher EDN levels at both ages were associated with preschool asthma. However, EDN cut-off levels for preschool asthma were overall lower than the ULN of non-atopic children, limiting translation into clinical practice.
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| 24. |
- Glaumann, S., et al.
(author)
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Basophil allergen threshold sensitivity, CD-sens, IgE-sensitization and DBPCFC in peanut-sensitized children
- 2012
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In: Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 67:2, s. 242-247
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-sensitization to peanut is common and can indicate an allergy. A positive test needs to be confirmed by a double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC), which is regarded as 'the gold standard'. The aim of the study was to evaluate the basophil allergen threshold sensitivity (CD-sens) and antibodies to peanut allergen components in relation to DBPCFC in the diagnoses of peanut allergy in children. Methods: Thirty-eight children with suspected peanut allergy underwent a DBPCFC. CD-sens to peanut and Ara h 2 were analysed as well as IgE-antibody to peanut and some of its allergen components (Ara h 1, 2, 3, 8 and 9). Results: Twenty-five children had a positive DBPCFC, and 92% of these were positive in CD-sens to peanut and Ara h 2. Two children with a positive DBPCFC were classified as 'low-responders' and were not further evaluated. Children positive in DBPCFC had higher CD-sens values to peanut (median 1.3; range 0.4-29, n = 21) compared with children negative in DBPCFC (median 0; range 0-0.5, n = 13) (P < 0.0001). A positive DBPCFC correspond with increased levels of IgE-antibody to Ara h 1, 2 and 3 compared with those with a negative challenge (P < 0.0001 for all). All children with a negative CD-sens were negative in DBPCFC. Conclusion: In this study, a negative CD-sens to peanut excluded peanut allergy. Both tests, CD-sens to peanut and immunoassay for IgE-antibody to the peanut components, appear to be safe, time saving and cost-effective complements to DBPCFC. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
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| 30. |
- Magnusson, Gunilla, 1968, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of screening procedures for congenital cataracts.
- 2003
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In: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 92:12, s. 1468-73
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of two different Swedish screening procedures for early detection of congenital cataracts in comparison with no screening. METHODS: Children born between January 1992 and December 1998 in Swedish regions with an established eye-screening routine procedure, diagnosed with congenital cataract, and operated on before 1 y of age, were included in a retrospective study. Age at referral and age at time of the operation were compared between regions using different screening procedures: screening in the maternity wards (Region 1), at the well-baby clinics (Region 2) and one region without any screening (Region 3). RESULTS: Seventy-two children were included in the study. Concerning early diagnosis and surgery, Region 1 differed significantly from Regions 2 and 3, which were more similar and were combined for further analysis. The difference in detected cases was greatest at 21 d of age (55% vs 18%; p < 0.001), but persisted even at 100 d of age (78% vs 64%; p < 0.02). Region 1 screening resulted in more and earlier cases detected than the other two regions (22 vs 15 per 100,000 births). In 72% of all cases, surgery was performed in response to referrals from either the maternity wards (36%), or the well-baby clinics (36%). However, half of the cases from the well-baby clinics were detected too late, i.e. at > 100 d. CONCLUSION: Eye screening in the maternity ward is preferable to well-baby clinic screening and to no screening at all, since it leads to early detection. Screening should also be performed routinely at well-baby clinics within the period when successful treatment is possible.
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| 31. |
- Maruyama, N., et al.
(author)
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Measurement of specific IgE antibodies to Ses i 1 improves the diagnosis of sesame allergy
- 2016
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In: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : Wiley. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 46:1, s. 163-171
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background The number of reported cases of allergic reactions to sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum) has increased significantly. The specific IgE tests and skin prick tests presently available for diagnosis of sesame allergy are all based on crude sesame extract and are limited by their low clinical specificity. Thus, oral food challenge (OFC) is still the gold standard in the diagnosis. Objective The aim was to identify the allergen components useful to diagnose sesame-allergic children with the goal to reduce the number of OFCs needed. Methods Ninety-two sesame-sensitized children were consecutively enrolled and diagnosed based on OFC or convincing history. Specific IgE to purified native 11S globulin (nSes i 11S), 7S globulin (nSes i 7S), 2S albumin (nSes i 2S), and two recombinant 2S albumins (rSes i 1 and rSes i 2) was measured by ELISA and/or ImmunoCAP (rSes i 1/streptavidin application). Results Based on area under curve (AUC) values from receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, rSes i 1 was shown to have the best diagnostic performance of the allergen components in ELISA. The experimental rSes i 1 ImmunoCAP test had larger AUC (0.891; 95% CI, 0.826-0.955) compared to the commercially available sesame ImmunoCAP (0.697; 95% CI, 0.589-0.805). The clinical sensitivity and specificity for the rSes i 1 ImmunoCAP test at optimal cut-off (3.96 kUA/L) were 86.1% and 85.7%, respectively. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance Sensitization to Ses i 1 is strongly associated with clinical sesame allergy. Measurement of specific IgE to rSes i 1 could reduce the numbers of OFCs needed.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Patelis, Antonios, et al.
(author)
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Multiplex component-based allergen microarray in recent clinical studies
- 2016
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In: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : Wiley. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 46:8, s. 1022-1032
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During the last decades component-resolved diagnostics either as singleplex or multiplex measurements has been introduced into the field of clinical allergology, providing important information that cannot be obtained from extract-based tests. Here we review recent studies that demonstrate clinical applications of the multiplex microarray technique in the diagnosis and risk assessment of allergic patients, and its usefulness in studies of allergic diseases. The usefulness of ImmunoCAP ISAC has been validated in a wide spectrum of allergic diseases like asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, food allergy and anaphylaxis. ISAC provides a broad picture of a patient's sensitization profile from a single test, and provides information on specific and cross-reactive sensitizations that facilitate diagnosis, risk assessment, and disease management. Furthermore, it can reveal unexpected sensitizations which may explain anaphylaxis previously categorized as idiopathic and also display for the moment clinically non-relevant sensitizations. ISAC can facilitate a better selection of relevant allergens for immunotherapy compared with extract testing. Microarray technique can visualize the allergic march and molecular spreading in the preclinical stages of allergic diseases, and may indicate that the likelihood of developing symptomatic allergy is associated with specific profiles of sensitization to allergen components. ISAC is shown to be a useful tool in routine allergy diagnostics due to its ability to improve risk assessment, to better select relevant allergens for immunotherapy as well as detecting unknown sensitization. Multiplex component testing is especially suitable for patients with complex symptomatology.
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| 34. |
- Schoos, Ann-Marie M., et al.
(author)
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Component-resolved diagnostics in pet allergy : Current perspectives and future directions
- 2021
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In: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 147:4, s. 1164-1173
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Furry mammals kept as pets are important allergen sources. The prevalence of sensitization to dander from various animals appears to be increasing worldwide. Several mammalian allergens from diverse species and distinct protein families have been characterized, and some are available for component resolved diagnostics (CRD). This review presents an overview of mammalian aeroallergens, with a focus on cat, dog, and horse allergens. The potential of CRD in fine-tuning the diagnostic workup following traditional methods based on whole-allergen extracts and allergen immunotherapy is discussed. The review highlights the clinical utility of CRD, particularly as a marker/ predictor of increased asthma risk and disease severity. Finally, several perspectives of the future implications of CRD are offered in the context of furry animal allergens.
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| 35. |
- Stenius, F., et al.
(author)
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Lifestyle factors and sensitization in children : the ALADDIN birth cohort
- 2011
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In: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 66:10, s. 1330-1338
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Several cross-sectional studies indicate that an anthroposophic lifestyle reduces the risk of allergy in children. We initiated the Assessment of Lifestyle and Allergic Disease During Infancy (ALADDIN) birth cohort to elucidate the role of specific factors supposed to mediate this effect. The aims of this study are to describe the ALADDIN cohort and to report patterns of exposure and allergic sensitization during the first years of life. Methods: The ALADDIN study is a prospective birth cohort study of 330 children from families with an anthroposophic, partly anthroposophic, or nonanthroposophic lifestyle. The children and their parents were following an extensive data collection scheme, including repeated questionnaires and biological samples. Blood samples were collected from the parents and from the child at birth as well as at 6, 12, and 24 months of age. Results: Several lifestyle factors differed between the groups, such as diet, medication, and place of delivery. Children of families with an anthroposophic lifestyle had a markedly decreased risk of sensitization during the first 2 years of life compared with children of nonanthroposophic families with adjusted OR 0.25 (95% CI 0.10-0.64) and P-value 0.004. A similar situation held true for children from families with a partly anthroposophic lifestyle, adjusted OR 0.31 (95% CI 0.15-0.54), and P-value 0.002. Conclusions: The anthroposophic lifestyle comprises several factors of interest for allergy development and is here shown to be associated with reduced risk of IgE sensitization already in infancy. Identifying the factors responsible for this association would be of significant clinical importance.
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| 36. |
- Sverremark-Ekström, Eva, et al.
(author)
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Peanut sensitization during the first five years of life is associated with elevated levels of peanut-specific IgG
- 2012
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In: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0905-6157 .- 1399-3038. ; 23:3, s. 224-229
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Allergen-specific IgE antibodies are implicated in allergic diseases while allergen-specific IgG antibodies have been proposed to prevent allergic reactions. The objective for this study was to study if the immune response (IgG and IgG4) to peanut differs in IgE sensitized and non-sensitized young children.Methods: A total of 239 children have been followed prospectively from birth to 5 years of age. Levels of IgG and IgG4 to peanut, Ara h 2 and Ara h 8 were analyzed at 2 and 5 years of age and related to IgE-sensitization and peanut consumption.Results: Levels of peanut-specific IgG and IgG4 were significantly higher in peanut-sensitized children at 2 and 5 years of age when compared to non-sensitized children and children sensitized to other food/inhalant allergens. A strong correlation was seen between levels of peanut-specific IgG/IgG4-ratios and peanut-specific IgE at 5 years of age. Children avoiding peanuts, a subgroup of the peanut sensitized, had statistically significant higher levels of IgE to peanut and a tendency of higher IgG and IgG4 levels to peanut. In the avoidance-group significant correlations between IgE and IgG/IgG4 to peanut was found compared to children eating peanuts. Conclusion: Peanut-specific IgG or IgG4 levels were elevated in peanut-sensitized children especially those avoiding peanuts. In our study, IgG and IgG4 do not seem to indicate tolerance or protection from sensitization.
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| 37. |
- van Odijk, J, et al.
(author)
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Breastfeeding and allergic disease: a multidisciplinary review of the literature (1966-2001) on the mode of early feeding in infancy and its impact on later atopic manifestations
- 2003
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In: Allergy. - : Wiley. - 1398-9995 .- 0105-4538. ; 58:9, s. 833-843
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Strategies to prevent children from developing allergy have been elaborated on the basis of state-of-the-art reviews of the scientific literature regarding pets and allergies, building dampness and health, and building ventilation and health. A similar multidisciplinary review of infant feeding mode in relation to allergy has not been published previously. Here, the objective is to review the scientific literature regarding the impact of early feeding (breast milk and/or cow's milk and/or formula) on development of atopic disease. The work was performed by a multidisciplinary group of Scandinavian researchers. Methods: The search in the literature identified 4323 articles that contained at least one of the exposure and health effect terms. A total of 4191 articles were excluded mainly because they did not contain information on both exposure and health effects. Consequently, 132 studies have been scrutinized by this review group. Results: Of the 132 studies selected, 56 were regarded as conclusive. Several factors contributed to the exclusions. The studies considered conclusive by the review group were categorized according to population and study design. Conclusions: The review group concluded that breastfeeding seems to protect from the development of atopic disease. The effect appears even stronger in children with atopic heredity. If breast milk is unavailable or insufficient, extensively hydrolysed formulas are preferable to unhydrolysed or partially hydrolysed formulas in terms of the risk of some atopic manifestations.
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| 38. |
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