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| 2. |
- Björklund, Thomas, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Structuring of data for LCA of buildings
- 1998
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Ingår i: Presented at CIB World Congress 1998; Gävle; Sweden.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Carlson, Raul, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Establishing common primary data for environmental overview of product life cycles. Users, perspectives, methods, data and information systems
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report describes how information about the environmental performance of products over their life cycles can be accessed anywhere and by any stakeholder throughout the product life cycle. Particular consideration has been given to different ways of performing a life cycle assessment (LCA). The report covers different users of environmental product information, the various methods and tools used to produce and disseminate that information, and the primary data needed for those methods and tools. The report also outlines an information system organisation for potential use as a cooperative approach to supporting stakeholders of product life cycles with environmental information. Chapter 2 contains a comprehensive (albeit not exhaustive) list of perspectives from which a stakeholder may environmentally view and assess products. A number of examples are given to describe reasons people have in practice for applying each perspective. The intention is to ensure that users find the methods and tools in chapter 3 to be truly relevant. Chapter 3 lists and presents methods and tools for assessing environmental performance, for acquiring information about environmental impacts, and for providing information on environmental properties of products. Particular emphasis is placed on the different types of LCA that have been identified, how they differ, how to use them, and their differing data requirements. Chapter 4 lists and presents the data and information that are used or produced by the methods and tools described in Chapter 3. This chapter includes discussion of data availability, data quality issues and data formatting. Chapter 5 proposes an information system organisation and design taking into account all perspectives and practical needs as described in Chapter 2, as well as all information and data issues described in Chapter 4. Particular attention is paid to the need for compatibility with existing systems, the technical and economic feasibility of building small systems instead of large ones, and the necessity of a short payback time for all investments, particularly those in the private sector. In chapter 6 the authors present outline recommendations for further work.
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| 11. |
- Carlson, Raul, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Establishing common product life cycle data
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proceedings from LCM 2005, 2nd International Conference on Life Cycle Management, Barcelona, September 5-7, 2005.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Carlson, Raul, 1961
(författare)
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Framework For Structuring Information For Environmental Management Of Industrial Systems
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis addresses information structuring for reducing cost, facilitate understandability, increase relevance and improve quality of environmental information. The research is based in experience, practical results and syntheses from three different but related research and development projects conducted between 1994 and 2004. The projects have involved different industrial and academic partners in Sweden and other EU countries, and have also had active interactions with the international standardisation effort within ISO (International Organization for Standardization). To actively take environmental responsibility for designing, producing or purchasing a product it is necessary to have information about consequences from the decisions. Environmental impacts from industrial products, activities and systems may be gradual, diffuse, long term and complex. They originate not only from extraction of natural resources, emissions and waste generation, but also from transportation, storage, use and end of life phases. The complexity makes it difficult to foresee the total environmental impact from industrial systems. There are methods and tools available to environmentally assess environmental performance of the life cycle of products and services, but it is still difficult to acquire the information needed to perform the assessment. It is also difficult to present the results from the assessments in a clear and logic way. Hence, it is difficult for consumers or professional decision makers to take into regard environmental consequences from their decisions. Due to the increasing global population and accelerating economies of the developing worlds, it is probable that the needs for more effective and efficient information handling for different global responsibility issues will increase. The material presented concerns solving problems of environmental management of different industrial systems, using techniques for information structuring. The techniques include a combination of linguistic analysis, relational database modelling, system architecture design, and general description of data aggregation and data quality. Significant and immediately useful results from the research work are 1) the outline of a methodological framework for building environmental information structures, 2) the importance of environmental indicators to build functioning environmental information systems and 3) the different practically useful and partially integrated prototype information systems for LCA and DfE resulting from the three research projects. The doctoral studies are financed by the Swedish competence centre CPM (Center for environmental assessment of Product and Material systems), which is a joint research forum including Swedish industry and Chalmers university of technology, supported by the Swedish government through VINNOVA (Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems).
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| 21. |
- Carlson, Raul, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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LCI Data Modelling and a Database Design
- 1998
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. ; 3:2, s. 106-113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A large scale operative data format for transparent storage, administration and retrieval of environmental Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) data has been implemented by applying data modelling and database design.Key concepts in the design are ‘activity’ and flow’: An activity is a technical system, such as a process or a transport, or an aggregate of different processes or transports. A flow is any matter entering or leaving an activity, such as natural resources, energywarc, raw material, emission, waste or products.Any numerical data set on an activity can he thoroughly described by supplying meta data. Meta data fields are prepared for a wide set of commonly known LCA-data aspects, such as descriptions of data acquisition methods, system boundary conditions and relevant dates.
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| 22. |
- Carlson, Raul, 1961
(författare)
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Learning from management of LCA data
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, Japan, Vol. 1 No. 2 Jul. 2005, pp 102-111..
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 31. |
- Carlson, Raul, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding and environmental reporting
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings from the The Sixth International Conference on EcoBalance, Oct. 25th - 27th, 2004, Tsukuba, Japan.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 36. |
- Erixon, Maria, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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The Data Quality Foundation in OMNIITOX
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. - 1614-7502 .- 0948-3349. ; 9:5, s. 333-333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Goal and Scope. This paper describes the data quality foundation for the OMNIITOX information system, with regard to data quality requirements and maintenance. Main Features. The data quality concept applied in the OMNIITOX project is based on results that are successfully used in other contexts (Fig. 1). Specific data quality requirements have been developed, which are applied in data acquisition and data review. The data quality requirements and quality maintenance is supported by the OMNIITOX concept model, which supplies a common language for the users from the different disciplines. Results and Discussion. The quality requirements and the concept model have been tested during data acquisition for the information system, and have been found to be a successful framework. The results from practical work demonstrate that it is possible to have a common understanding of the concept model and quality requirements. The user's experience the initial phase of learning the concepts and quality requirements as tedious. Nevertheless, experiences show that the users will benefit from the education during the further work. A considerable amount of data has been acquired based on the data quality foundation. Conclusions. The data quality foundation has been a successful framework for managing data quality in the design and establishment of the OMNIITOX information system. The data quality concept, the concept model, and specific quality requirements are applied as quality management tools to find, acquire, document, and interpret the information. Several quality issues deriving from interdisciplinary differences between the different users have been resolved, which facilitates a common understanding and reduces the risk of misinterpretations and misuse of information. Recommendations and Outlook. An important task for the finalization of the OMNIITOX project is to secure the credibility and long-term stability of the information system. The OMNIITOX information system will somewhat have less potential to support the toxicology related assessments in Europe if any of the involved disciplines chooses to reject or not to apply the concept model and the quality requirements.
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| 37. |
- Erixon, Maria, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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The data quality foundation in OMNIITOX information system
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. - 1614-7502 .- 0948-3349. ; 9:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Goal and Scope: This paper describes the data quality foundation for the OMNIITOX information system, with regard to data quality requirements and maintenance. Main Features: The data quality concept applied in the OMNIITOX project is based on results that are successfully used in other contexts (Fig. 1). Specific data quality requirements have been developed, which are applied in data acquisition and data review. The data quality requirements and quality maintenance is supported by the OMNIITOX concept model, which supplies a common language for the users from the different disciplines. Results and Discussion: The quality requirements and the concept model have been tested during data acquisition for the information system, and have been found to be a successful framework. The results from practical work demonstrate that it is possible to have a common understanding of the concept model and quality requirements. The user's experience the initial phase of learning the concepts and quality requirements as tedious. Nevertheless, experiences show that the users will benefit from the education during the further work. A considerable amount of data has been acquired based on the data quality foundation. Conclusions: The data quality foundation has been a successful framework for managing data quality in the design and establishment of the OMNIITOX information system. The data quality concept, the concept model, and specific quality requirements are applied as quality management tools to find, acquire, document, and interpret the information. Several quality issues deriving from interdisciplinary differences between the different users have been resolved, which facilitates a common understanding and reduces the risk of misinterpretations and misuse of information. Recommendations and Outlook: An important task for the finalization of the OMNIITOX project is to secure the credibility and long-term stability of the information system. The OMNIITOX information system will somewhat have less potential to support the toxicology related assessments in Europe if any of the involved disciplines chooses to reject or not to apply the concept model and the quality requirements.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Erlandsson, Markus, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences from data management within the industry driven cooperation CPM
- 2005
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Ingår i: CILCA conference, San Jose, Costa Rica, April 2005.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Swedish national competence center CPM (Center for environmental assessment of Product and Material systems) has since the start in 1996 been a meeting place where industry and academy cooperate in the development and implementation of tools and methods for sustainable development. Evaluations of the center have shown that the results are feasible and of highest international standard.The usage of environmental assessment results for decisions with significant economic consequences, require transparent well documented data where the assessment results can be verified. The knowledge on what data actually represents furthermore facilitates reuse of information. The fact that the data inventory always is a very costly part when performing environmental assessments call for an approach to regard acquired data as a long term investment. Despite data should be of recent date. Many of the companies within the center such as ABB, Akzo Nobel and SCA have for a long time been working actively with these data quality issues. They are now using assessment results for decision-making with confidence, as the transparency makes it possible to verify and interpret the information behind the result. The documentation of the data makes it also possible to use the information in different contexts than it originally was collected for. Within the center there have also been examples of companies that prioritized a quick start up of their environmental work. These companies found that the results from assessments did not meet the requirements on data for using it for sharp decisions, and they were furthermore not able to reuse earlier work on introduction of new staff. These companies have now changed their information management. Through the years the members of CPM have gained a lot of knowledge on cost-efficient data management which now is an important information source for other companies in the world.
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| 49. |
- Häggström, Sandra, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Policy controlled environmental management work
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proceedings from LCM 2005, 2nd International Conference on Life Cycle Management, Barcelona, September 5-7, 2005.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 50. |
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