| 1. |
- Lindehammer, Sabina, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal trends of HLA genotype frequencies of type 1 diabetes patients in Sweden from 1986 to 2005 suggest altered risk
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Diabetologica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0940-5429 .- 1432-5233. ; 45:4, s. 231-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes in 1-18-year-old patients with type 1 diabetes newly diagnosed in 1986-1987 (n = 430), 1996-2000 (n = 342) and in 2003-2005 (n = 171). We tested the hypothesis that the HLA DQ genotype distribution changes over time. Swedish type 1 diabetes patients and controls were typed for HLA using polymerase chain reaction amplification and allele specific probes for DQ A1* and B1* alleles. The most common type 1 diabetes HLA DQA1*-B1*genotype 0501-0201/0301-0302 was 36% (153/430) in 1986-1987 and 37% (127/342) in 1996-2000, but decreased to 19% (33/171) in 2003-2005 (P \ 0.0001). The 0501-0201/0501-0201 genotype increased from 1% in 1986-1987 to 7% in 1996-2000 (P = 0.0047) and to 5% in 2003-2005 (P > 0.05). This study in 1-18-year-old Swedish type 1 diabetes patients supports the notion that there is a temporal change in HLA risk.
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| 2. |
- Carlsson, Sigrid, et al.
(författare)
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Nationwide population-based study on 30-day mortality after radical prostatectomy in Sweden
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 43:5, s. 350-356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The incidence of prostate cancer in Sweden is increasing rapidly, as is treatment with curative intent. Radical prostatectomy (RP) is currently commonly performed, either within or outside large high-volume centres. The aim of this study was to assess the 30-day mortality rate after RP in Sweden. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this nationwide population-based study, all men diagnosed with localized prostate cancer (< or =70 years, clinical stadium T1-2, prostate-specific antigen < 20 ng/ml) who underwent RP in Sweden between 1997 and 2002 were identified through the National Prostate Cancer Register (NPCR). Mortality within 30 days of RP was analysed through linkage between the follow-up study of the NPCR and the Regional Population Registers. The cause of death in the death certificates were compared with data from the hospitals concerned. To validate the results, a record linkage between the Inpatient Register and the National Population Register was also performed. RESULTS: The number of RPs performed increased over time. Among 3700 RPs performed, four deaths occurred during the first 30 days, yielding a 0.11% 30-day mortality rate. These deaths occurred at three different types of hospital and were all probably related to the RP. CONCLUSION: This study provides further evidence that RP is a procedure with very low perioperative mortality even when performed outside high-volume centres.
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| 3. |
- Johnson, Magnus S.C. 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of scavenger receptor class B type I in gallbladder columnar epithelium.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology. - 0815-9319. ; 17:6, s. 713-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The lipid content of bile may be modified by the gallbladder epithelium. Recent studies indicate that cholesterol can be absorbed from bile and that this can be enhanced by apolipoprotein (apo) A-I. SR-BI is a multifunctional receptor capable of binding a wide array of native or modified lipoproteins, phospholipid or bile acid micelles. As apo A-I is a ligand for scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) we have characterized the expression of this receptor in murine gallbladder.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry were used to study SR-BI expression in murine gallbladders. SR-BI expression was also used to examine gallbladders from high-fat-fed wild-type and apo B-100 transgenic mice.SR-BI and SR-BII mRNA are expressed in gallbladder. SR-BI immunoreactivity was localized to the columnar epithelium of the gallbladder. Immunoreactive SR-BI in gallbladder had an estimated molecular weight of 57 kDa, in contrast to the expected 82 kDa. Deglycosylation experiments indicated that the size difference between the two forms of the receptor is due to post-translational modification. Fat feeding of apo B transgenic mice resulted in gallstone formation but had no effect on the abundance of SR-BI.Gallbladder epithelial cells express SR-BI. This opens the possibility that SR-BI may influence the modification of bile in the gallbladder.
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| 4. |
- Nilsson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Disaster nursing: Self-reported competence of nursing students and registered nurses, with focus on their readiness to manage violence, serious events and disasters
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nurse Education in Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-5953 .- 1873-5223. ; 17, s. 102-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The World Health Organization and the International Council of Nurses recognises the importance of nurses' involvement in disaster preparedness and response. The aim of this study was to describe and compare self reported disaster nursing competence (DNC) among nursing students (NSs) and among registered nurses (RNs) with professional experience. Further to investigate possible associations between self-reported DNC and background factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted of 569 NSs and 227 RNs. All respondents completed the 88-item Nurse Professional Competence Scale, including three items assessing DNC. Significant differences were found among the NSs depending on which University/University College they had attended. RNs reported significantly higher overall DNC and better ability to handle situations involving violence, and to apply principles of disaster medicine during serious events. RNs working in emergency care reported significantly better DNC ability, compared with RNs working in other areas of healthcare. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that working night shift and working in emergency care were positively associated with high self-reported overall DNC. The results indicate that workplace experience of serious events increase the readiness of registered nurses to handle violence, to act in accordance with safety regulations, and to apply principles of disaster medicine during serious events. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Nilsson, Jan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Nursing in a globalized world : Nursing students with international study experience report higher competence at graduation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Open Journal of Nursing. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2162-5336 .- 2162-5344. ; :4, s. 848-858
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to globalization, there is a need for nurses with skills and competence in providing safe, competent and culturally appropriate care. The aim of the study was to investigate whether International Study Experiences (ISE) in other countries during basic nursing education had an impact on newly graduated nurses as regards to self-reported competence. Moreover, a second aim was to explore what background factors that facilitated or constituted a hindrance for nursing students to choose to conduct part of their basic nursing education abroad. At 11 Universities/University Colleges (henceforth called Higher Education Institutions [HEIs]) in Sweden, 565 nursing students responded to the Nurse Professional Competence (NPC) Scale. Students with ISE rated their competence significantly higher on three NPC competence areas; “Legislation in nursing and safety planning”, “Leadership and development of nursing” and “Education and supervision of staff/students”. Background factors that significantly seemed to enhance ISE were; living alone, not having children or other commitments, international focus at the HEI and previous international experience. Lack of financial means was reported to prevent students from choosing ISE. The study implies that several background factors are of importance whether students choose ISE or not. ISE during basic nursing education might result in better self-reported competence in leading and developing nursing care, including education of future nurses, and in providing safe care.
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| 6. |
- Alkmark, Mårten, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Induction of labour at 41weeks of gestation versus expectant management and induction of labour at 42weeks of gestation: a cost-effectiveness analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. - : Wiley. - 1470-0328 .- 1471-0528. ; 129:13, s. 2157-2165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To assess the cost-effectiveness of induction of labour (IOL) at 41weeks of gestation compared with expectant management until 42weeks of gestation. Design: A cost-effectiveness analysis alongside the Swedish Post-term Induction Study (SWEPIS), a multicentre, randomised controlled superiority trial. Setting: Fourteen Swedish hospitals during 2016–2018. Population: Women with an uncomplicated singleton pregnancy with a fetus in cephalic position were randomised at 41weeks of gestation to IOL or to expectant management and induction at 42weeks of gestation. Methods: Health benefits were measured in life years and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) for mother and child. Total cost per birth was calculated, including healthcare costs from randomisation to discharge after delivery, for mother and child. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated by dividing the difference in mean cost between the trial arms by the difference in life years and QALYs, respectively. Sampling uncertainty was evaluated using non-parametric bootstrapping. Main outcome measures: The cost per gained life year and per gained QALY. Results: The differences in life years and QALYs gained were driven by the difference in perinatal mortality alone. The absolute risk reduction in mortality was 0.004 (from 6/1373 to 0/1373). Based on Swedish life tables, this gives a mean gain in discounted life years and QALYs of 0.14 and 0.12 per birth, respectively. The mean cost per birth was €4108 in the IOL group (n=1373) and €4037 in the expectant management group (n=1373), with a mean difference of €71 (95%CI −€232 to €379). The ICER for IOL compared with expectant management was €545 per life year gained and €623 per QALY gained. Confidence intervals were relatively wide and included the possibility that IOL had both lower costs and better health outcomes. Conclusions: Induction of labour at 41weeks of gestation results in a better health outcome and no significant difference in costs. IOL is cost-effective compared with expectant management until 42weeks of gestation using standard threshold values for acceptable cost per life year/QALY. Tweetable abstract: Induction of labour at 41weeks of gestation is cost-effective compared with expectant management until 42weeks of gestation.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Berglin, Ewa H., MD, PhD, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Potentiation by sulfide of hydrogen peroxide-induced killing of Escherichia coli
- 1985
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Ingår i: Infection and Immunity. - : American Society for Microbiology. - 0019-9567 .- 1098-5522. ; 49:3, s. 538-543
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- L-Cysteine potentiates 100-fold the hydrogen peroxide-induced killing of a growing culture of Escherichia coli K-12 (Berglin et al., J. Bacteriol. 152:81-88). In the present study it is shown that hydrogen sulfide is formed from L-cysteine and that sodium sulfide could substitute for L-cysteine in the potentiation of hydrogen peroxide-induced killing of E. coli K-12. Addition of an amino acid, L-leucine, L-valine, or L-alanine, to an L-cysteine-containing medium with a growing culture of E. coli K-12 inhibited hydrogen sulfide formation and the potentiation of hydrogen peroxide-induced killing. These amino acids did not inhibit hydrogen sulfide formation from L-cysteine by a cell extract, and they did not inhibit the potentiation by sulfide of hydrogen peroxide-induced killing. This indicated that the amino acids protected the culture from L-cysteine-potentiated, hydrogen peroxide-induced killing by inhibiting the transport of L-cysteine into the cell. The potentiation by sodium sulfide of hydrogen peroxide-induced killing was abolished by the metal ion chelator 2,2'-bipyridyl. This indicated that metal ions, in addition to sulfide, were involved in the killing. Toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide are often presumed to be mediated by hydroxyl radicals formed in iron-catalyzed reactions. It was demonstrated that iron sulfide was more efficient than ferrous iron in catalyzing the formation of hydroxyl radicals from hydrogen peroxide. It was suggested that hydrogen sulfide formed in polymicrobial infections may play an important role in the host defense by potentiating the antimicrobial effect of hydrogen peroxide produced by phagocytic cells.
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| 10. |
- Berglin, Ewa, MD, PhD, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Potentiation by L-cysteine of the bactericidal effect of hydrogen peroxide in Escherichia coli
- 1982
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Ingår i: Journal of Bacteriology. - : American Society for Microbiology. - 0021-9193 .- 1098-5530. ; 152:1, s. 81-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Under anaerobic conditions an exponentially growing culture of Escherichia coli K-12 was exposed to hydrogen peroxide in the presence of various compounds. Hydrogen peroxide (0.1 mM) together with 0.1 mM L-cysteine or L-cystine killed the organisms more rapidly than 10 mM hydrogen peroxide alone. The exposure of E. coli to hydrogen peroxide in the presence of L-cysteine inhibited some of the catalase. This inhibition, however, could not fully explain the 100-fold increase in hydrogen peroxide sensitivity of the organism in the presence of L-cysteine. Of other compounds tested only some thiols potentiated the bactericidal effect of hydrogen peroxide. These thiols were effective, however, only at concentrations significantly higher than 0.1 mM. The effect of L-cysteine and L-cystine could be annihilated by the metal ion chelating agent 2,2'-bipyridyl. DNA breakage in E. coli K-12 was demonstrated under conditions where the organisms were killed by hydrogen peroxide.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Bratt, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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Satsa på MRT för diagnostik av prostatacancer.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - : Läkartidningen Förlag. - 1652-7518 .- 0023-7205. ; 112:Apr 20, s. DFZ3-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Carlsson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Catalase inhibition by sulfide and hydrogen peroxide-induced mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA102
- 1988
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Ingår i: Mutation research. - : Elsevier. - 0027-5107 .- 1873-135X. ; 202:1, s. 59-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The lethal and mutagenic effects of hydrogen peroxide were studied in exponentially growing cultures of Salmonella typhimurium strain TA102. Exposure of the cultures to non-lethal levels of sodium sulfide significantly increased the lethality and mutagenicity of hydrogen peroxide. The catalase activity was decreased in cells exposed to sodium sulfide, but there were no changes in the cellular levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, or NADPH-dependent alkyl hydroperoxide reductase. Hydrogen peroxide-induced mutagenesis and killing of S. typhimurium strain TA102 in the presence of sulfide may in part be explained by an inactivation of catalase by sulfide.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Ekholm, Elin, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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”A lot to fall back on” : Experiences of Dyspareunia among queer women
- 2022
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Ingår i: Psychology & Sexuality. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1941-9899 .- 1941-9902. ; 13:5, s. 1242-1255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores the subjective experiences of dyspareunia among queer women in Sweden. Ten semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with five participants who were all interviewed on two separate occasions. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006). Dyspareunia was described as affecting the participants’ sexual activities, intimate relationships, and identity constructs. Reported struggles involved feelings of sadness, guilt, frustration, and fear of pain. Dyspareunia was described as threatening the participants’ queer identities through its effect on their ability to be sexual in idealized ways. However, queer experiences and communities were also found to be associated with advantages in pain management, such as well-developed sexual communication skills, anatomic similarity to their partner, access to non-heteronormative sexual scripts and a focus on nurturing desire. Queer related advantages in pain management are proposed to buffer to some extent against pain interference with sexual function and desire. Findings indicate that it is important to consider the unique relational and social context of queer women to understand their experiences of dyspareunia. More research is needed on the role of differences of normativities, context and communication in dyspareunia.
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| 17. |
- Friðriksson, Jón Örn, et al.
(författare)
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Rehospitalization after radical prostatectomy in a nationwide, population-based study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Urology. - : Elsevier. - 0022-5347 .- 1527-3792. ; 192:1, s. 112-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To investigate readmission frequencies during the 90 days following radical prostatectomy and to assess readmission risk associated with potentially related variables.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using the population-based, nationwide database Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden (PCBaSe), we identified men diagnosed with incident prostate cancer between 2000 and 2011 who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) as their primary treatment, and we used logistic regression analysis to examine the association of the risk of 90-day postoperative readmission with surgical method, calendar period, tumor risk category, hospital case load, and patient characteristics.RESULTS: During the 90 postoperative days, 2,317 (10%) of the 24,122 men identified were non-electively readmitted, specifically 10% after retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP), 9% after robot-assisted RP (RALP) and 11% after laparoscopic RP (LRP). The range in the readmission frequency between hospitals was 0-35%. A higher risk of readmission was associated with early calendar period (2009-2011 vs. 2000-2002: odds ratio (OR), 0.71; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.61-0.83), greater age (≥70 years vs. <60 years: OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.00-1.36), higher risk category (high vs. low-risk category: OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.57-2.03), high comorbidity (Charlson comorbidity index ≥3 vs. 0: OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.29-2.44), and low hospital surgical volume (≥150 vs. <30 RPs per year: OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.60-0.81).CONCLUSIONS: Readmission rates after different RP methods were similar, ranging from 9% to 11%, with a wide variation between hospitals. Readmission rates can be used as an indicator of perioperative care quality, but potential confounders need to be adjusted to avoid bias.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Larsson, Johannes, 1993-, et al.
(författare)
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Does deliberate practice surpass didactic training in learning empathy skills? A randomized controlled study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nordic Psychology. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1901-2276 .- 1904-0016.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A large body of research identifies therapist expressed empathy as one of the most important predictors of psychotherapy outcome. Deliberate practice (DP) is an effective method to improve skills in many fields. We asked if DP also can be used to enhance the skill of expressing empathy.Objective: The aim was to compare the efficacy of DP to didactical learning methods (DLM) in enhancing the skill of empathic expression in students.Method: A repeated measures randomized controlled group design was used. Novice students (N = 36) from psychologist-, medicine-, social work-, and nursing programs received two training sessions of either DP (n = 21) or DLM (n = 15). Participants' skills in empathic expression were assessed with the Measure of Expressed Empathy (MEE) on three occasions: before the first, between, and after the last training session.Results: Participants in the DP-group showed improved empathic expression, whereas participants in the DLM-group did not.Conclusions: These findings suggest that DP is an effective training method for therapeutic skills such as empathic expression and holds implications for the future development of educational practices to incorporate active skill training methods.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Lindström, Caisa, 1955-
(författare)
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Burnout in parents of chronically ill children
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Parents of children with a chronic disease are usually highly involved in their child’s treatment and may be affected by the heavy demands and constant stress. This can increase the risk of developing burnout, which is an individual reaction to long-term stress consisting of symptoms associated with emotional exhaustion, as well as physical and cognitive fatigue. The overall aim was to estimate the prevalence of burnout in parents of children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (paper I), identify the risk factors associated with parenting a child with T1DM (paper II), explore how mothers suffering from burnout describe their mothering of a child with diabetes, with special focus on their need for control and Performance-based self-esteem (PBSE) (paper IV), and to evaluate the effect of a group intervention aimed at reducing stress-related symptoms (paper III). A total of 251 parents of children with T1DM, 38 parents of children with IBD and 124 parents of healthy children participated in a population-based study (I, II). The validated Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire (SMBQ) was used to assess burnout. 16 parents (SMBQ ≥3.75) participated in a group intervention and were evaluated for changes in SMBQ and PBSE (III). A total of 21 mothers of children with T1DM who scored for clinical burnout (SMBQ) participated in a qualitative study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and Inductive content analysis was used (IV). In the study group 36.0% parents of children with a chronic disease scored for clinical burnout (SMBQ ≥3.75) compared to 20.2% of the reference parents (p=0.001) with a preponderance of mothers compared to fathers, 42% vs. 20.5% (p=0.001), respectively (I). Less support from the social network, sleep disturbances and lack of personal leisure time and recovery seem to be important risk factors for clinical burnout in parents of children with T1DM, especially mothers (II). Mothers’ experiences of mothering a child with T1DM were interpreted as one theme; Mission impossible, illustrating the extremely difficult circumstances under which they bring up the child with diabetes to adulthood (IV). Parents’ subjective evaluation of the intervention group was mainly positive and SMBQ (p=0.01) and PBSE scale (p= 0.04) measurements were significantly reduced 6 months after completion of the intervention (III). It is important to pay attention to how parents and especially mothers experience their daily life in order to support those who are at risk of developing burnout.
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| 29. |
- Lindström, Caisa, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Group intervention for burnout in parents of chronically ill children : a small-scale study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 30:4, s. 678-686
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Long-term stress leading to burnout symptoms is prevalent in parents of chronically ill children. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a group intervention by measuring changes in self-rated clinical burnout and performance-based self-esteem. In addition, the parental perceptions of the acceptability of the intervention were explored.Methods: Previously, we have explored the prevalence of clinical burnout in parents of patients 1–18 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the county of Örebro. All parents who exhibited clinical burnout symptoms in accordance with the Shirom–Melamed Burnout Questionnaire (SMBQ) were then invited to participate in a group intervention, which was evaluated in the present small-scale study. The group intervention consisted of eight sessions over a 12-week period, including education about behaviour, cognition and symptoms associated with burnout, intending to help the parents to develop adequate strategies for coping with and reducing stress. We evaluated the effect of the intervention in terms of self-rated clinical burnout and performance-based self-esteem (PBSE). In addition, the acceptability of the intervention was evaluated by analyses of recruitment and retention and self-reports from parents.Results: Sixteen parents (13 of children with TIDM and three of children with IBD) out of 104 reporting clinical burnout participated in the intervention. All participants completed the intervention, and the mean attendance rate at all sessions was 90%. Parents’ subjective evaluations were mainly positive, and SMBQ (p = 0.01) and PBSE scale (p = 0.04) measurements were significantly reduced, which effects remained 6 months after completion of the intervention.Conclusions: Despite the small-scale study, we consider that this intervention for parents with clinical burnout was appreciated and well accepted. The significant reduction in clinical burnout symptoms requires further evaluation in randomised controlled studies based on larger groups of parents.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Lindström, Caisa, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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"Mission Impossible"; the Mothering of a Child With Type I Diabetes : From the Perspective of Mothers Experiencing Burnout
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 0882-5963 .- 1532-8449. ; 36, s. 149-156
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To explore how mothers experiencing burnout describe their mothering of a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), with a focus on their experienced need for control and self-esteem.Methods: This study used a qualitative, descriptive design and aimed to reveal the experience of mothering a child with diabetes when experiencing burnout. Twenty-one mothers of children with T1DM who were experiencing burnout participated in this study. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews, and content analysis was performed.Results: The main results (latent content of the data) were interpreted in one theme, Mission impossible, an inner feeling derived from an extremely challenging experience of mothering, encompassing involuntary responsibility and constant evaluation. Two sub-themes emerged: Forced to provide extraordinary mothering and Constant evaluation of the mothering.Conclusions: In addition to monitoring the health of the child with T1DM, it is important for clinicians to pay attention to how mothers experience their daily life in order to support those who are at risk of developing burnout, as well as those who are experiencing burnout. The wellbeing of the mother could influence the wellbeing of the child, as well as the entire family. Further research on perceived parental responsibility, gender differences, psychosocial factors, and burnout is needed.Practice Implications: Knowledge and understanding of how mothers suffering from burnout experience mothering a child with diabetes could help nurses, social workers, psychologists and counselors conducting pediatric diabetes care become more attentive to the mother's situation and have procedures for counseling interventions. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 32. |
- Malmeström, Clas, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Relapses in multiple sclerosis are associated with increased CD8+ T-cell mediated cytotoxicity in CSF.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of neuroimmunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-5728. ; 196:1-2, s. 159-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MS is thought to be mediated by CD4(+) T-helper cells. To investigate the importance of CD8(+) cytotoxic T-cells in MS we analyzed peripheral blood T-cells by DNA microarray, and plasma and CSF levels of granzymes from MS patients and controls. Cytotoxic gene expression was decreased in peripheral T-cells from RRMS patients whereas plasma levels of granzymes were unchanged. However, granzyme levels were elevated in the CSF of RRMS patients at relapse compared with controls and remission. Thus, CD8+ T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity is confined to the CSF/CNS compartment in RRMS patients and may be involved in the immunopathogenesis of clinical relapses.
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| 33. |
- Norberg, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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On the Hunt How Do People Experience the Hunting of Nonhuman Animals?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Society and Animals. - : Brill Academic Publishers. - 1063-1119 .- 1568-5306. ; 28:3, s. 233-251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to examine hunters' experiences of leisure hunting, with a focus on the human-nonhuman animal relationship aspect of the activity. Interviews with twelve Swedish hunters were conducted and analyzed with an inductive thematic approach. The analysis showed that hunting led to an experience of completeness. This experience was complex, encompassing positive ingredients such as flow, peak experience, and transcendence, but there were also negative emotions such as guilt, disgust, and shame. The study showed that the hunters seemed to be aware of these feelings and that killing an animal was thus an ambivalent experience, involving the contrasting feelings of euphoria and guilt.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Olsson, Max, et al.
(författare)
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A pilot study of a deliberate practice intervention for therapist trainees
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nordic Psychology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1901-2276 .- 1904-0016.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Deliberate practice (DP) is well established and widely accepted in expert performance research within a variety of fields. Recently, researchers have started to examine if the same training principles can be applied to psychotherapists. The aim of this study was to examine the impact on intrapersonal skills and the experiences of a six-week DP intervention on seven therapist trainees (n = 7). To do this, a single-case research design was used, combining weekly repeated measurements and pre- and post-intervention measurements as well as a qualitative study analyzed by inductive thematic analysis. The results from our measurements indicate mixed results, where three out of seven participants achieved a significant positive intervention effect and we can see that most participants change in the hypothesized direction on mindful attention (MAAS), experiential avoidance (MEAQ), emotional processing (EPI), and self-compassion (SCS). The participants described gains on increased self-awareness, more compassionate treatment of oneself, increased tolerance of unpleasant feelings as well as a sense of being able to use their own experiences to understand their relationship to other people. The intervention also gave the participants an ability to hold contrasting thoughts and emotions and provided an increased sense of hope for their own future development. The findings of our study should be interpreted in light of its pilot nature and the limited extent of our design. However, it indicates that it seems possible to achieve positive results on intrapersonal skills from a relatively short period of training.
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| 36. |
- Pedersen, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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How do Ghanaian Pentecostal Charismatic Christian university students experience well-being? - balancing the needs of self and others
- 2023
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Ingår i: Mental Health, Religion & Culture. - : Routledge. - 1367-4676 .- 1469-9737.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conceptualisations of well-being show cultural variations. In Ghana, traditional culture emphasises collectivistic values. However, the growth of Pentecostal Charismatic Christianity has dispersed individualistic values, which may be even more pronounced in emerging adults. The aim of the current study was to explore how Ghanaian Pentecostal Charismatic Christian university students conceptualise well-being. Twelve participants belonging to different religious groups within Pentecostal Charismatic Christianity were interviewed. The interviews were then analysed with inductive thematic analysis. The results showed that the participants' aspirations were situated in a social context with mutual dependence. They experienced well-being by contributing to family, friends, and society at large. However, at times there would be conflicts between their individual strivings and the wishes of others. Collectivistic and individualistic values seemed to have coexisted and interplayed, possibly with a stronger emphasis on traditional collectivistic values than those individualistic values transmitted through Pentecostal Charismatic Christianity.
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| 37. |
- Remmerfelt, Emelie, et al.
(författare)
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Conceptualisations of personal growth in Ghanaian Orthodox Christians
- 2021
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Ingår i: Mental Health, Religion & Culture. - : Routledge. - 1367-4676 .- 1469-9737. ; 24:9, s. 887-898
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Personal growth is integral to mental health. Hegemonic psychological theories about personal growth were formulated in an individualistic culture where people experience an independent self. Conceptualisations of personal growth may be different in collectivistic cultures where people experience an interdependent self. Ghanaian Orthodox Christians are embedded in a collectivistic culture where religion permeates every-day life. The aim of this study was to investigate how Ghanaian Orthodox Christians conceptualise personal growth. We interviewed 12 participants from the University of Ghana who belonged to different Orthodox Christian Churches. The results showed that the participants wanted material success, and they acknowledged that this takes effort. Relationships were facilitating their ambitions, and for that reason learning to adapt to social norms was important. Most important of all was their relationship to God. The results implied a conceptualisation of personal growth that relies on an interdependent experience of the self.
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| 38. |
- Salim, O., et al.
(författare)
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The development of facilitative interpersonal skills during 5-year psychology training programs : a cross-sectional study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nordic Psychology. - : Routledge. - 1901-2276 .- 1904-0016. ; 76:1, s. 38-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research has consistently found that therapists differ in psychotherapy outcomes. Interpersonal skills, as measured with the Facilitative interpersonal skills (FIS) task, have been found to be one of few therapist characteristics that reliably predicts outcome. To extend current knowledge of the development of interpersonal skills, this study investigates the association between FIS and progression on a 5-year psychologist program, while also accounting for potentially confounding or moderating variables. Utilizing a cross-sectional design, sixty-five students from psychology programs in Sweden were assessed with the FIS performance task and completed self-reports on several variables, including demographics, indicators of clinical experience and psychological variables (deliberate practice, natural helping, motivation for clinical work and test anxiety). Using hierarchical linear regression and moderated regression analysis the results showed that student's semester on the program was a significant predictor of FIS above and beyond the effect of other variables. Also, higher motivation for clinical work and higher test anxiety emerged as significant positive predictors of FIS scores. Deliberate practice did not moderate the relationship. The findings provide preliminary support for an association between FIS and further progression on the psychology program in Sweden. Implications for practice, theory and future investigations are discussed.
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| 39. |
- Sköld, Mattias Larsson, et al.
(författare)
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To fail psychotherapy training : Students' and supervisors' perspectives on the supervisory relationship
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Psychotherapy. - : Routledge. - 1364-2537 .- 1469-5901. ; 20:4, s. 391-410
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research showed that supervision during psychotherapy training sometimes includes negative alliance and harmful events. The aim of this study was to investigate how such events were related to failing psychotherapy training. Interviews were made with informants from two separate samples: psychotherapy students who had failed training (n = 6) and supervisors with experience from failing students (n = 6). The interviews were analyzed separately for the two samples with inductive thematic analysis and then compared. The core category for students ('Paradoxical response') indicated that they experienced their supervisors as either demanding too much or nothing at all. The core category for supervisors ('Balancing contradictory demands') indicated that they wanted to fail students who did not live up to expectations but were pressured by training institutes to let them pass. Both students and supervisors experienced distress but it seemed that they were not fully aware of each other's vulnerability. The results suggest that a weak supervisory alliance and harmful events may contribute to student failures, independently of students' actual suitability for psychotherapy.
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| 40. |
- Svensson, Arne, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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In memory of Professor Per-Simon Kildal
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine. - 1045-9243. ; 58:4, s. 116-117
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 41. |
- Thorsteinsdottir, Thordis, et al.
(författare)
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LAPPRO: A prospective multicentre comparative study of robot-assisted laparoscopic and retropubic radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of urology and nephrology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2065 .- 0036-5599.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Objective. This study describes the study design and procedures for a prospective, non-randomized trial comparing open retropubic and robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy regarding functional and oncological outcomes. Material and methods. The aim was to achieve a detailed prospective registration of symptoms experienced by patients using validated questionnaires in addition to documentation of surgical details, clinical examinations, medical facts and resource use. Four patient questionnaires and six case-report forms were especially designed to collect data before, during and after surgery with a follow-up time of 2 years. The primary endpoint is urinary leakage 1 year after surgery. Secondary endpoints include erectile dysfunction, oncological outcome, quality of life and cost-effectiveness at 3, 12 and 24 months after surgery. Results. The study started in September 2008 with accrual continuing to October 2011. Twelve urological departments in Sweden well established in performing radical prostatectomy are participating. Personal contact with the participating departments and patients was established to ascertain a high response rate. To reach 80% statistical power to detect a difference of 5 absolute per cent in incidence of urinary leakage, 700 men in the retropubic group and 1400 in the robotic group are needed. Conclusions. The Swedish healthcare context is well suited to performing multicentre long-term prospective clinical trials. The similar care protocols and congruent specialist training are particularly favourable. The LAPPRO trial aims to compare the two surgical techniques in aspects of short- and long-term functional and oncological outcome, cost effectiveness and quality of life, supplying new knowledge to support future decisions in treatment strategies for prostate cancer.
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| 42. |
- Tuuvas, Marianne, et al.
(författare)
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A healing relationship : Clients' experiences of the long-term relational significance of the horse in horse assisted psychotherapy
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Psychotherapy. - : Routledge. - 1364-2537 .- 1469-5901. ; 19:3, s. 307-328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Horse assisted psychotherapy is a type of treatment for mental ill-health in which the client forms a relationship with a horse. Research suggests that the relationship to a horse is very helpful to clients, but how the horse is experienced many years after the end of treatment has not been investigated. The aim of the present study was thus to investigate how former clients from horse assisted psychotherapy experienced the horse several years after treatment was completed. Former clients (n = 5; all females) from one and the same treatment center were interviewed and the data was analyzed with an inductive thematic approach. The analysis showed that many years after completion of treatment, the horses were still remembered as the most important individuals in the informants' lives during the time of treatment. This was captured by the core category 'A healing relationship'. These findings are in line with previous research that found that patients in horse assisted psychotherapy and their family members attributed improvements from treatment to the patients' relationship to the horses, but adds that the clients also keep these views at follow-up several years after termination of treatment.
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| 43. |
- Tyritzis, Stavros I, et al.
(författare)
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Thromboembolic complications in 3544 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy with or without lymph node dissection.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Urology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0022-5347 .- 1527-3792. ; 193:1, s. 117-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lymph node dissection (LND) in prostate cancer patients may increase complications. An association of LND with thromboembolic events has been suggested. We compared the incidence and investigated predictors of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) among other complications in patients undergoing or not undergoing LND during open (ORP) and robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP) METHODS: 3544 patients were included between 2008-2011. The cohort derives from LAPPRO, a multi-center, prospective controlled trial. Data concerning adverse events were extracted from patient-completed questionnaires. Our primary outcome was prevalence of DVT and/or PE. Secondary outcomes were other types of 90-day adverse events and re-admission causes.
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| 44. |
- Törnquist, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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How Supervisees on a Foundation Course in CBT Perceive a Supervision Session and what they Bring Forward to the Next Therapy Session
- 2018
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Ingår i: Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy. - : CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS. - 1352-4658 .- 1469-1833. ; 46:3, s. 302-317
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is limited research into the effect of supervision in cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) from the supervisees' perspective. Aims: The aim of the study was to acquire knowledge from the supervisees' perspective as to what in particular in the supervision process contributes to the therapy process. Method: Fourteen supervisees on a foundation course participated in the study. A qualitative approach was used with thematic analysis of the participants' written diaries after supervision and therapy sessions. Results: Analyses of supervisees' experiences suggested that a variety of therapeutic interventions were easier to implement if one had the supervisor's support and felt free to decide if and when the suggested interventions could best be implemented. Evaluation in the form of positive feedback from the supervisor indicating that the supervisee was doing the right thing' was perceived to be important. A unifying theme when supervisees felt they were not getting anything out of the supervision was that the supervisees did not have a supervision question. Conclusions: The results of this research suggest that the supervisor's support during training is perceived to be important for the supervisee. Receiving positive feedback from one's supervisor in an evaluation is perceived to have a great impact on whether the therapist implements the suggested therapeutic interventions discussed in the previous supervision.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Åmlid, Håkon Olav, et al.
(författare)
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We need to talk : a qualitative inquiry into pathways to care for young men at ultra-high risk for psychosis
- 2024
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-1078. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: It is known from the literature that men are slower to seek help and staying engaged in mental health care compared to women. Seeing that in psychosis, men more often than women have insidious onsets but also a more malign illness course, it is important to find ways to improve timely help-seeking. The aim of this study was to explore barriers and facilitators for help-seeking in young male persons struggling with early signs of psychosis.METHODS: Qualitative interviews with nine young men who suffer from a first episode of psychosis or psychosis risk symptoms.RESULTS: Male stereotypical ideals, significant others, and knowledge of symptoms and where to get help as well characteristics of symptom trajectories appeared to be important determinants of help-seeking behavior.DISCUSSION: Interviews indicated that help-seeking in the participants was delayed first, because of reluctancy to disclose distress and second, because significant others were unable to accurately recognize symptoms. Information, awareness, and easy access to care remain important in early detection and intervention in psychosis and psychosis risk. However, more emphasis should be placed on de-stigmatizing mental health problems in men and aiming information specifically at them.
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