| 1. |
- Høyvik Hilde, Christoffer, et al.
(författare)
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Translocation of capercaillie and black grouse from Sweden to central Europe : An evaluation of ongoing translocation projects
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During the last couple of decades there has been an increasing effort to reinforce and increase the populations of black grouse and capercaillie in several areas in Poland, Germany, Belgium and the Netherlands using translocated Swedish birds. Beginning in 2010, a total of 616 black grouse and 519 capercaillie have been captured in different parts of Sweden and translocated to populations in central Europe. The purpose of this report is to summarize the translocation projects in Sweden, investigate the potential effects on the source populations and lastly to evaluate how the progress of ongoing projects could be evaluated. To summarise, we have found that the current translocation projects of capercaillie and black grouse from Sweden are, in most respects, in accordance with the IUCN guidelines of translocation in conservation. However, we have identified three areas which we propose should be improved upon to better assess the success of a translocation project: better monitoring of the source population, analyse population viability of the recipient population from the start and lastly to improve the communication between the translocation projects and the interested parties at the capture locations in Sweden. We believe that improving upon these three areas will provide a solid foundation for assessing the success of the ongoing translocation projects from the perspectives of both the source and recipient populations of capercaillie and black grouse, as well as the local human interests.
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| 2. |
- Keogan, Katharine, et al.
(författare)
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Global phenological insensitivity to shifting ocean temperatures among seabirds
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Climate Change. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1758-678X .- 1758-6798. ; 8:4, s. 313-318
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reproductive timing in many taxa plays a key role in determining breeding productivity(1), and is often sensitive to climatic conditions(2). Current climate change may alter the timing of breeding at different rates across trophic levels, potentially resulting in temporal mismatch between the resource requirements of predators and their prey(3). This is of particular concern for higher-trophic-level organisms, whose longer generation times confer a lower rate of evolutionary rescue than primary producers or consumers(4). However, the disconnection between studies of ecological change in marine systems makes it difficult to detect general changes in the timing of reproduction(5). Here, we use a comprehensive meta-analysis of 209 phenological time series from 145 breeding populations to show that, on average, seabird populations worldwide have not adjusted their breeding seasons over time (-0.020 days yr(-1)) or in response to sea surface temperature (SST) (-0.272 days degrees C-1) between 1952 and 2015. However, marked between-year variation in timing observed in resident species and some Pelecaniformes and Suliformes (cormorants, gannets and boobies) may imply that timing, in some cases, is affected by unmeasured environmental conditions. This limited temperature-mediated plasticity of reproductive timing in seabirds potentially makes these top predators highly vulnerable to future mismatch with lower-trophic-level resources(2).
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| 3. |
- Radchuk, Viktoriia, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptive responses of animals to climate change are most likely insufficient
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biological responses to climate change have been widely documented across taxa and regions, but it remains unclear whether species are maintaining a good match between phenotype and environment, i.e. whether observed trait changes are adaptive. Here we reviewed 10,090 abstracts and extracted data from 71 studies reported in 58 relevant publications, to assess quantitatively whether phenotypic trait changes associated with climate change are adaptive in animals. A meta-analysis focussing on birds, the taxon best represented in our dataset, suggests that global warming has not systematically affected morphological traits, but has advanced phenological traits. We demonstrate that these advances are adaptive for some species, but imperfect as evidenced by the observed consistent selection for earlier timing. Application of a theoretical model indicates that the evolutionary load imposed by incomplete adaptive responses to ongoing climate change may already be threatening the persistence of species.
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