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- Andréasson, Sara Näslund, et al.
(författare)
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Peritonectomy with high voltage electrocautery generates higher levels of ultrafine smoke particles
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Surgical Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0748-7983 .- 1532-2157. ; 35:7, s. 780-784
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To adequately perform peritonectomy, the use of an electrocautery device at a high voltage is recommended. The aim of this study was to analyse the amount of airborne and ultrafine particles (UFP) generated during peritonectomy and to compare this with standard colon and rectal cancer surgery (CRC). METHOD: UFP was measured approximately 2-3cm from the breathing area of the surgeon (personal sampling) and 3m from where the electrocautery smoke was generated (stationary sampling) from 14 consecutive peritonectomy procedures and 11 standard CRC resections. The sampling was by P-Trak UFP counter that has the capacity to detect particle size ranging from 0.02 to 1mum. RESULTS: The cumulative level of UFP of personal sampling in the peritonectomy group was higher (9.3x10(6)particle/ml/h (pt/ml/h)) than in the control group (4.8x10(5)pt/ml/h). A higher cumulative level of UFP in stationary sampling was observed in the PC group (2.6x10(6) pt/ml/h) than in the control group (3.9x10(4)pt/ml/h). CONCLUSION: Peritonectomy procedure with high voltage electrocautery generates elevated levels of UFP than standard CRC surgery does. The level of UFP produced by a peritonectomy is comparable to cigarette smoking. More efficient smoke evacuator systems are needed in order to reduce the levels of UFP generated during electrocautery surgery.
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- Hewett, D., et al.
(författare)
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Identification of a psoriasis susceptibility candidate gene by linkage disequilibrium mapping with a localized single nucleotide polymorphism map
- 2002
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Ingår i: Genomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0888-7543 .- 0888-7543. ; 79:3, s. 305-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin with both genetic and environmental risk factors. Here we describe the creation of a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) map spanning 900-1200 kb of chromosome 3q21, which had been previously recognized as containing a psoriasis susceptibility locus, PSORS5. We genotyped 644 individuals, from 195 Swedish psoriatic families, for 19 polymorphisms. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) between marker and disease was assessed using the transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT). In the TDT analysis, alleles of three of these SNPs showed significant association with disease (P<0.05). A 160-kb interval encompassing these three SNPs was sequenced, and a coding sequence consisting of 13 exons was identified. The predicted protein shares 30-40% homology with the family of cation/chloride cotransporters. A five-marker haplotype spanning the 3' half of this gene is associated with psoriasis to a P value of 3.8<10(-5). We have called this gene SLC12A8, coding for a member of the solute carrier family 12 proteins. It belongs to a class of genes that were previously unrecognized as playing a role in psoriasis pathogenesis.
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- Lennmarken, Claes, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Victims of awareness
- 2002
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Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 46, s. 229-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Mejtoft, Thomas, 1976-
(författare)
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Institutional arrangements and competitive posture : effects of company structures in the commercial printing industry
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The research objective of this dissertation is to investigate the impact of institutional arrangements, with respect to vertical integration and cooperation, on competitive advantages within the commercial printing industry, with specific focus on digital printing. This dissertation comprises six research papers, based on four qualitative case studies and a quantitative survey study, all carried out in Sweden in the years 2004-2008.The results show that vertical integration is a way to achieve competitive advantages in the commercial printing industry and is a widely used strategy in Sweden. Being able to contract full service companies is appreciated by customers to printing houses, especially direct customers, due to their need for a supplier of complete solutions for printed matters. Consequently, a vertically integrated company can provide value added services which makes it possible for customers to minimize their organization regarding production and purchasing of printed matters. Other reasons for vertical integration are the need to ensure fast deliveries to customers and having a steady supply of appropriate jobs. Despite the believed strategic importance by the industry, the results show that the level of vertical integration has no significant impact on profitability. Vertical integration is strategically important for digital printing houses in order to develop their business because digital printing allows for fast deliveries, on-demand printing and variable data printing. Despite the commoditization of printed matter, the findings indicate that the industry, in general, focuses on providing a high service level even though it means having to set higher prices. Furthermore, the results point toward that this strategic positioning is beneficial for digital printing houses because they experience a lower degree of competition and a lower price pressure.Vertical integration can, however create inflexibility due to ownership and employment. The findings suggest that cooperation can be used to achieve fast access to valuable resources, such as production equipment and knowledge, and, hence, increase printing houses’ resource flexibility. Even though internal control of resources is regarded as important to be able to satisfy customers’ needs and produce customers’ orders on time, cooperation with partners can create similar strategic effects. Furthermore, cooperation can give cost and flexibility advantages compared to vertical integration by reducing internal need for production capacity and allowing access to complementary resources. Nevertheless, it is common to combine vertical integration with cooperation to create competitive advantages and make a company more flexible and dynamic toward market changes.
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