| 1. |
- Amici, Julia, et al.
(author)
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A Roadmap for Transforming Research to Invent the Batteries of the Future Designed within the European Large Scale Research Initiative BATTERY 2030
- 2022
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In: Advanced Energy Materials. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1614-6832 .- 1614-6840. ; 12:17
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This roadmap presents the transformational research ideas proposed by "BATTERY 2030+," the European large-scale research initiative for future battery chemistries. A "chemistry-neutral" roadmap to advance battery research, particularly at low technology readiness levels, is outlined, with a time horizon of more than ten years. The roadmap is centered around six themes: 1) accelerated materials discovery platform, 2) battery interface genome, with the integration of smart functionalities such as 3) sensing and 4) self-healing processes. Beyond chemistry related aspects also include crosscutting research regarding 5) manufacturability and 6) recyclability. This roadmap should be seen as an enabling complement to the global battery roadmaps which focus on expected ultrahigh battery performance, especially for the future of transport. Batteries are used in many applications and are considered to be one technology necessary to reach the climate goals. Currently the market is dominated by lithium-ion batteries, which perform well, but despite new generations coming in the near future, they will soon approach their performance limits. Without major breakthroughs, battery performance and production requirements will not be sufficient to enable the building of a climate-neutral society. Through this "chemistry neutral" approach a generic toolbox transforming the way batteries are developed, designed and manufactured, will be created.
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| 2. |
- Fichtner, Maximilian, et al.
(author)
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Rechargeable Batteries of the Future-The State of the Art from a BATTERY 2030+Perspective
- 2022
-
In: Advanced Energy Materials. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1614-6832 .- 1614-6840. ; 12:17
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The development of new batteries has historically been achieved through discovery and development cycles based on the intuition of the researcher, followed by experimental trial and error-often helped along by serendipitous breakthroughs. Meanwhile, it is evident that new strategies are needed to master the ever-growing complexity in the development of battery systems, and to fast-track the transfer of findings from the laboratory into commercially viable products. This review gives an overview over the future needs and the current state-of-the art of five research pillars of the European Large-Scale Research Initiative BATTERY 2030+, namely 1) Battery Interface Genome in combination with a Materials Acceleration Platform (BIG-MAP), progress toward the development of 2) self-healing battery materials, and methods for operando, 3) sensing to monitor battery health. These subjects are complemented by an overview over current and up-coming strategies to optimize 4) manufacturability of batteries and efforts toward development of a circular battery economy through implementation of 5) recyclability aspects in the design of the battery.
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| 3. |
- Foley, Ryan J., et al.
(author)
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THE FIRST MAXIMUM-LIGHT ULTRAVIOLET THROUGH NEAR-INFRARED SPECTRUM OF A TYPE Ia SUPERNOVA
- 2012
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In: THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS. - 2041-8205. ; 753:1, s. L5-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present the first maximum-light ultraviolet (UV) through near-infrared (NIR) Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) spectrum. This spectrum of SN 2011iv was obtained nearly simultaneously by the Hubble Space Telescope at UV/optical wavelengths and the Magellan Baade telescope at NIR wavelengths. These data provide the opportunity to examine the entire maximum-light SN Ia spectral energy distribution. Since the UV region of an SN Ia spectrum is extremely sensitive to the composition of the outer layers of the explosion, which are transparent at longer wavelengths, this unprecedented spectrum can provide strong constraints on the composition of the SN ejecta, and similarly the SN explosion and progenitor system. SN 2011iv is spectroscopically normal, but has a relatively fast decline (Delta m(15)(B) = 1.69 +/- 0.05 mag). We compare SN 2011iv to other SNe Ia with UV spectra near maximum light and examine trends between UV spectral properties, light-curve shape, and ejecta velocity. We tentatively find that SNe with similar light-curve shapes but different ejecta velocities have similar UV spectra, while those with similar ejecta velocities but different light-curve shapes have very different UV spectra. Through a comparison with explosion models, we find that both a solar-metallicity W7 and a zero-metallicity delayed-detonation model provide a reasonable fit to the spectrum of SN 2011iv from the UV to the NIR.
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| 4. |
- Franco, Maximilian, et al.
(author)
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The ramp-up of interstellar medium enrichment at z > 4
- 2021
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In: Nature Astronomy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2397-3366. ; 5, s. 1240-1246
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fluorine is one of the most interesting elements for nuclear and stellar astrophysics1,2. Fluorine abundance was first measured for stars other than the Sun in 19921, then for a handful of metal-poor stars3, which are likely to have formed in the early Universe. The main production sites of fluorine are under debate and include asymptotic giant branch stars, the ν-process in core-collapse supernovae, and Wolf–Rayet stars4,5,6,7,8,9,10. Due to the difference in the mass and lifetime of progenitor stars, high-redshift observations of fluorine can help constrain the mechanism of fluorine production in massive galaxies. Here, we report the detection of HF (signal-to-noise ratio of 8) in absorption in a gravitationally lensed dusty star-forming galaxy at redshift z = 4.4 with NHF/NH2NH2 as high as ~2 × 10−9, indicating a very quick ramp-up of the chemical enrichment in this high-z galaxy. At z = 4.4, asymptotic giant branch stars of a few solar masses are very unlikely to dominate the enrichment. Instead, we show that Wolf–Rayet stars are required to produce the observed fluorine abundance at this time, with other production mechanisms becoming important at later times. These observations therefore provide an insight into the underlying processes driving the ramp-up phase of chemical enrichment alongside rapid stellar mass assembly in a young massive galaxy.
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| 5. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(author)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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In: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 6. |
- Schmidt, Maximilian M., et al.
(author)
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Interfacial Fluid Rheology of Soft Particles
- 2023
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In: Physical Review Letters. - : American Physical Society. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 131:25
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In situ interfacial rheology and numerical simulations are used to investigate microgel monolayers in a wide range of packing fractions, xi(2D). The heterogeneous particle compressibility determines two flow regimes characterized by distinct master curves. To mimic the microgel architecture and reproduce experiments, an interaction potential combining a soft shoulder with the Hertzian model is introduced. In contrast to bulk conditions, the elastic moduli vary nonmonotonically with xi(2D) at the interface, confirming long-sought predictions of reentrant behavior for Hertzian-like systems.
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