| 1. |
- Bergendal, Annica, et al.
(author)
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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and venous thromboembolism in women
- 2013
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In: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety. - : Wiley. - 1053-8569 .- 1099-1557. ; 22:6, s. 658-666
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) might increase the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), and risks might differ by type of NSAID. Compared with men, women have a higher incidence of VTE at younger age, and they more often use NSAIDs. Objectives To assess risks of VTE in young and middle-aged women in association with use of NSAIDs. Patients/Methods In a nationwide case-control study (Thrombo Embolism Hormone Study) performed in Sweden 2003-2009, we included as cases 1433 women, 18 to 64years of age with a first time VTE. Controls were 1402 randomly selected women, frequency matched by age. Information was obtained by telephone interviews and DNA analyses of blood samples. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusting for degree of immobilization, chronic disease, smoking, body mass index, use of hormonal contraception, hormone therapy or other NSAIDs. Results Use of NSAIDs was not associated with increased risks of VTE (OR=0.98, 95% CI 0.80-1.19). The OR was 0.88 for propionic acid derivatives (95% CI 0.72-1.10), 1.18 for acetic acid derivatives (95% CI 0.82-1.70) and 1.76 for coxibs (95% CI 0.73-4.27). For users of acetic acid derivatives and coxibs, the ORs increased by cumulative dose. Carriership of the prothrombin gene mutation or factor V Leiden had only minor effects on the results. Conclusions We found no increased risks of VTE in association with use of NSAIDs. Users of high cumulative doses of acetic acid derivatives and coxibs had the highest risks, suggesting a relationship with cyclooxygenase selectivity and dose.
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| 2. |
- Bergendal, Annica, et al.
(author)
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Risk factors for venous thromboembolism in pre- and postmenopausal women
- 2012
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In: Thrombosis Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0049-3848 .- 1879-2472. ; 130:4, s. 596-601
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- IntroductionHemostasis in women is affected by changes of estrogen levels. The role of endogenous estrogens on risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of acquired and genetic risk factors for VTE in pre-and postmenopausal women.MethodIn a nationwide case–control study we included as cases 1470 women, 18 to 64 years of age with a first time VTE. The 1590 controls were randomly selected and matched by age to the cases. Information on risk factors was obtained by interviews and DNA-analyses. We used unconditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsThe ORs were generally of similar magnitude in pre- and postmenopausal women. The highest risk was for the combination of surgery and cast (adjusted OR 54.12, 95% CI 16.62-176.19) in postmenopausal women. The adjusted OR for use of menopausal hormone therapy was 3.73 (95% CI 1.86-7.50) in premenopausal and 2.22 (95% CI 1.54-3.19) in postmenopausal women. Overweight was linked to an increased risk and exercise to a decreased risk, regardless of menopausal status.ConclusionMenopausal status had only minor influence on the risk levels. Acquired transient risk factors conveyed the highest risks for VTE.
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| 3. |
- Bruzelius, Maria, et al.
(author)
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F11 is associated with recurrent VTE in women A prospective cohort study
- 2016
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In: Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Schattauer Gmbh. - 0340-6245 .- 2567-689X. ; 115:2, s. 406-414
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Genetic associations for the reoccurrence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) are not well described. Our aim was to investigate if common genetic variants, previously found to contribute to the prediction of first time thrombosis in women, were associated with risk of recurrence. The Thromboembolism Hormone Study (TEHS) is a Swedish nationwide case-control study (2002-2009). A cohort of 1,010 women with first time VTE was followed up until a recurrent event, death or November 2011. The genetic variants in F5 rs6025, F2 rs1799963, ABO rs514659, FGG rs2066865, F11 rs2289252, PROC rs1799810 and KNG1 rs710446 were assessed together with clinical variables. Recurrence rate was calculated as the number of events over the accumulated patient-time. Cumulative recurrence was calculated by Kaplan-Meier curve. Cox proportional-hazard model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) between groups. A total of 101 recurrent events occurred during a mean follow-up time of five years. The overall recurrence rate was 20 per 1,000 person-years (95 % CI; 16-24). The recurrence rate was highest in women with unprovoked first event and obesity. Carriers of the risk alleles of F5 rs6025 (HR=1.7 (95 % CI; 1.1-2.6)) and F11 rs2289252 (HR=1.8 (95 % CI; 1.1-3.0)) had significantly higher rates of recurrence compared to non-carriers. The cumulative recurrence was 2.5-fold larger in carriers of both F5 rs6025 and F11 rs2289252 than in non-carriers at five years follow-up. In conclusion, F5 rs6025 and F11 rs2289252 contributed to the risk of recurrent VTE and the combination is of potential clinical relevance for risk prediction.
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| 4. |
- Hilde Lunde, Gerd, et al.
(author)
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Kan vernepleiere samtale om temaet seksuell helse på en profesjonell måte? [bloggpost]
- 2020
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Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Ingress: Det er forventes at vernepleiere med en bachelor «i boks» skal være kompetente til å bistå tjenestemottakere i alle aldre på ulike arenaer. I praksis vil de møte problemstillinger som er utfordrende og som kan være mer sensitive enn andre temaer. Seksuell helse er et slikt tema.
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| 5. |
- Ljungqvist, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Cardiovascular disease and mortality after a first episode of venous thromboembolism in young and middle-aged women
- 2016
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In: Thrombosis Research. - : Elsevier. - 0049-3848 .- 1879-2472. ; 138, s. 80-85
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Patients with a history of venous thromboembolism (VTE) seem to have an increased risk of arterial cardiovascular disease (CVD). Objectives: To evaluate the risk of CVD and overall mortality after a first episode of VTE in women and to assess common risk factors for VTE and CVD. Patients/methods: We performed a cohort study inviting 1433 women with a previous VTE (exposed) and 1402 women without VTE (unexposed). The cohort was derived from TEHS, a Swedish population-based case-control study on risk factors for VTE in women age 18-64 years. The women were recruited in 2002-2009. During 2011 information on CVD and mortality was obtained from a questionnaire and from the Swedish Patient Register and the Cause of Death Register. Hazard ratios (HR) for CVD and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Cox regression. In multivariate analyses we adjusted for age, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and body mass index. Results: 2108 (75%) women (mean age 47 +/- 13 years) accepted participation. During the total follow up of 11,920 person years 35 (3.2%, 95% CI 0.7-2.1) among the exposed and 14 (1.4%, 95% CI 0.2-4.3) among the unexposed had any CVD event. The adjusted HR for CVD was 2.0 (95% CI 1.1-3.9) the adjusted HR for mortality was 2.3 (95% CI 1.2-4.6) Conclusion: Women with a previous VTE had a two-fold increased risk of CVD and overall mortality. Adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors only modestly changed the estimates.
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| 6. |
- Saurer, Matthias, et al.
(author)
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Spatial variability and temporal trends in water-use efficiency of European forests
- 2014
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In: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 20:12, s. 3700-3712
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere in combination with climatic changes throughout the last century are likely to have had a profound effect on the physiology of trees: altering the carbon and water fluxes passing through the stomatal pores. However, the magnitude and spatial patterns of such changes in natural forests remain highly uncertain. Here, stable carbon isotope ratios from a network of 35 tree-ring sites located across Europe are investigated to determine the intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE), the ratio of photosynthesis to stomatal conductance from 1901 to 2000. The results were compared with simulations of a dynamic vegetation model (LPX-Bern 1.0) that integrates numerous ecosystem and land-atmosphere exchange processes in a theoretical framework. The spatial pattern of tree-ring derived iWUE of the investigated coniferous and deciduous species and the model results agreed significantly with a clear south-to-north gradient, as well as a general increase in iWUE over the 20th century. The magnitude of the iWUE increase was not spatially uniform, with the strongest increase observed and modelled for temperate forests in Central Europe, a region where summer soil-water availability decreased over the last century. We were able to demonstrate that the combined effects of increasing CO2 and climate change leading to soil drying have resulted in an accelerated increase in iWUE. These findings will help to reduce uncertainties in the land surface schemes of global climate models, where vegetation-climate feedbacks are currently still poorly constrained by observational data.
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| 7. |
- Seim, Andrea, et al.
(author)
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Climate Change Increases Drought Stress of Juniper Trees in the Mountains of Central Asia
- 2016
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In: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Assessments of climate change impacts on forests and their vitality are essential for semi-arid environments such as Central Asia, where the mountain regions belong to the globally important biodiversity hotspots. Alterations in species distribution or drought-induced tree mortality might not only result in a loss of biodiversity but also in a loss of other ecosystem services. Here, we evaluate spatial trends and patterns of the growth-climate relationship in a tree-ring network comprising 33 juniper sites from the northern Pamir-Alay and Tien Shan mountain ranges in eastern Uzbekistan and across Kyrgyzstan for the common period 1935–2011. Junipers growing at lower elevations are sensitive to summer drought, which has increased in intensity during the studied period. At higher elevations, juniper growth, previously favored by warm summer temperatures, has in the recent few decades become negatively affected by increasing summer aridity. Moreover, response shifts are observed during all seasons. Rising temperatures and alterations in precipitation patterns during the past eight decades can account for the observed increase in drought stress of junipers at all altitudes. The implications of our findings are vital for the application of adequate long-term measures of ecosystem conservation, but also for paleo-climatic approaches and coupled climate-vegetation model simulations for Central Asia.
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| 8. |
- Torjusen, Hanne, et al.
(author)
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Reduced risk of pre-eclampsia with organic vegetable consumption : results from the prospective Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study
- 2014
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In: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 4:9, s. e006143-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Little is known about the potential health effects of eating organic food either in the general population or during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to examine associations between organic food consumption during pregnancy and the risk of pre-eclampsia among nulliparous Norwegian women. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Norway, years 2002-2008. Participants: 28 192 pregnant women (nulliparous, answered food frequency questionnaire and general health questionnaire in mid-pregnancy and no missing information on height, body weight or gestational weight gain). Main outcome measure: Relative risk was estimated as ORs by performing binary logistic regression with pre-eclampsia as the outcome and organic food consumption as the exposure. Results: The prevalence of pre-eclampsia in the study sample was 5.3% (n=1491). Women who reported to have eaten organic vegetables 'often' or 'mostly' (n=2493, 8.8%) had lower risk of pre-eclampsia than those who reported 'never/rarely' or 'sometimes' (crude OR=0.76, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.96; adjusted OR=0.79, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.99). The lower risk associated with high organic vegetable consumption was evident also when adjusting for overall dietary quality, assessed as scores on a healthy food pattern derived by principal component analysis. No associations with pre-eclampsia were found for high intake of organic fruit, cereals, eggs or milk, or a combined index reflecting organic consumption. Conclusions: These results show that choosing organically grown vegetables during pregnancy was associated with reduced risk of pre-eclampsia. Possible explanations for an association between pre-eclampsia and use of organic vegetables could be that organic vegetables may change the exposure to pesticides, secondary plant metabolites and/or influence the composition of the gut microbiota.
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