| 1. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
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Underlying Event measurements in pp collisions at root s=0.9 and 7 TeV with the ALICE experiment at the LHC
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; :7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present measurements of Underlying Event observables in pp collisions at root s = 0 : 9 and 7 TeV. The analysis is performed as a function of the highest charged-particle transverse momentum p(T),L-T in the event. Different regions are defined with respect to the azimuthal direction of the leading (highest transverse momentum) track: Toward, Transverse and Away. The Toward and Away regions collect the fragmentation products of the hardest partonic interaction. The Transverse region is expected to be most sensitive to the Underlying Event activity. The study is performed with charged particles above three different p(T) thresholds: 0.15, 0.5 and 1.0 GeV/c. In the Transverse region we observe an increase in the multiplicity of a factor 2-3 between the lower and higher collision energies, depending on the track p(T) threshold considered. Data are compared to PYTHIA 6.4, PYTHIA 8.1 and PHOJET. On average, all models considered underestimate the multiplicity and summed p(T) in the Transverse region by about 10-30%.
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| 2. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
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Long-range angular correlations on the near and away side in p-Pb collisions at root S-NN=5.02 TeV
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 719:1-3, s. 29-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Angular correlations between charged trigger and associated particles are measured by the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV for transverse momentum ranges within 0.5 < P-T,P-assoc < P-T,P-trig < 4 GeV/c. The correlations are measured over two units of pseudorapidity and full azimuthal angle in different intervals of event multiplicity, and expressed as associated yield per trigger particle. Two long-range ridge-like structures, one on the near side and one on the away side, are observed when the per-trigger yield obtained in low-multiplicity events is subtracted from the one in high-multiplicity events. The excess on the near-side is qualitatively similar to that recently reported by the CMS Collaboration, while the excess on the away-side is reported for the first time. The two-ridge structure projected onto azimuthal angle is quantified with the second and third Fourier coefficients as well as by near-side and away-side yields and widths. The yields on the near side and on the away side are equal within the uncertainties for all studied event multiplicity and p(T) bins, and the widths show no significant evolution with event multiplicity or p(T). These findings suggest that the near-side ridge is accompanied by an essentially identical away-side ridge. (c) 2013 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of prompt J/psi and beauty hadron production cross sections at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; :11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ALICE experiment at the LHC has studied J/psi production at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV through its electron pair decay on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity L-int = 5.6 nb(-1). The fraction of J/psi from the decay of long-lived beauty hadrons was determined for J/psi candidates with transverse momentum p(t) > 1,3 GeV/c and rapidity vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9. The cross section for prompt J/psi mesons, i.e. directly produced J/psi and prompt decays of heavier charmonium states such as the psi(2S) and chi(c) resonances, is sigma(prompt J/psi) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 8.3 +/- 0.8(stat.) +/- 1.1 (syst.)(-1.4)(+1.5) (syst. pol.) mu b. The cross section for the production of b-hadrons decaying to J/psi with p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c and vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9 is a sigma(J/psi <- hB) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 1.46 +/- 0.38 (stat.)(-0.32)(+0.26) (syst.) mu b. The results are compared to QCD model predictions. The shape of the p(t) and y distributions of b-quarks predicted by perturbative QCD model calculations are used to extrapolate the measured cross section to derive the b (b) over bar pair total cross section and d sigma/dy at mid-rapidity.
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| 4. |
- Asswad, Amjad Ghazal, et al.
(författare)
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Delayed, Unprovoked, Hemodynamic Collapse with Following Asystole in a Pediatric Patient Following a High-Voltage Injury : A Case Report and Literature Review
- 2022
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Ingår i: Pediatric Cardiology. - : Springer Nature. - 0172-0643 .- 1432-1971. ; 43:5, s. 1163-1168
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrical incidents are common and mostly uneventful, though can be severe and sometimes lethal. Aside from skin, muscle and soft tissue damage, electrical injuries can cause cardiac arrhythmias, the most common cardiac complication. The case of a 14-year-old girl who sustained 48.5% TBSA burns following a high-voltage electrical injury is described. She suffered five episodes of asystole 78 h following the injury, requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The cause of the delayed asystole was investigated and a PubMed literature search was conducted to explore late presenting cardiac sequelae following electrical injuries. This yielded fifteen studies, identified as relevant, of high quality and in the English language. These studies included a total of 1411 patients of whom only 3 were found to have had late potentially lethal arrhythmias, all manifesting within the first 24 h after the injury. Of these patients, 32 suffered cardiac arrests shortly after the electrical injury, 11 of which were documented as asystolic arrests though these were all from a single study with the rural locale and prolonged delay in arrival to the hospital setting contributing to this finding. To our knowledge, this is the only pediatric cardiac arrest developing in a stable patient over 72 h following the initial electrical injury. No other patient has suffered any significant cardiac complications first presenting outside the initial 24-h period following the electrical injury. Guidelines and recommendations on post electrical injury observation of patient vary and further research into this field is required to allow for guidance unification.
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| 5. |
- Berner, Juan Enrique, et al.
(författare)
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International Lower Limb Collaborative (INTELLECT) study : a multicentre, international retrospective audit of lower extremity open fractures
- 2022
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press. - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 109:9, s. 792-795
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sixty-two centres in 16 countries contributed with 2,694 open fractures cases to an international, multi-centric, retrospective cohort study involving different healthcare settings. The INTELLECT study results show that there are significant disparities on the management of open lower limb fractures internationally. A timely, multidisciplinary, guideline-directed care is a protective factor for developing infective complications, non-union and requiring an amputation.
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| 6. |
- Cai, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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Elucidating the mechanisms of atmospheric new particle formation in the highly polluted Po Valley, Italy
- 2024
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 24:4, s. 2423-2441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New particle formation (NPF) is a major source of aerosol particles and cloud condensation nuclei in the troposphere, playing an important role in both air quality and climate. Frequent NPF events have been observed in heavily polluted urban environments, contributing to the aerosol number concentration by a significant amount. The Po Valley region in northern Italy has been characterized as a hotspot for high aerosol loadings and frequent NPF events in southern Europe. However, the mechanisms of NPF and growth in this region are not completely understood. In this study, we conducted a continuous 2-month measurement campaign with state-of-the-art instruments to elucidate the NPF and growth mechanisms in northern Italy. Our results demonstrate that frequent NPF events (66% of all days during the measurement campaign) are primarily driven by abundant sulfuric acid (8.5×106cm-3) and basic molecules in this area. In contrast, oxygenated organic molecules from the atmospheric oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) appear to play a minor role in the initial cluster formation but contribute significantly to the consecutive growth process. Regarding alkaline molecules, amines are insufficient to stabilize all sulfuric acid clusters in the Po Valley. Ion cluster measurements and kinetic models suggest that ammonia (10ppb) must therefore also play a role in the nucleation process. Generally, the high formation rates of sub-2nm particles (87cm-3s-1) and nucleation-mode growth rates (5.1nmh-1) as well as the relatively low condensational sink (8.9×10-3s-1) will result in a high survival probability for newly formed particles, making NPF crucial for the springtime aerosol number budget. Our results also indicate that reducing key pollutants, such as SO2, amine and NH3, could help to substantially decrease the particle number concentrations in the Po Valley region.
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| 7. |
- Clayton, Emma L., et al.
(författare)
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Early microgliosis precedes neuronal loss and behavioural impairment in mice with a frontotemporal dementia-causing CHMP2B mutation
- 2017
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Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 26:5, s. 873-887
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Frontotemporal dementia (FTD)-causing mutations in the CHMP2B gene lead to the generation of mutant C-terminally truncated CHMP2B. We report that transgenic mice expressing endogenous levels of mutant CHMP2B developed late-onset brain volume loss associated with frank neuronal loss and FTD-like changes in social behaviour. These data are the first to show neurodegeneration in mice expressing mutant CHMP2B and indicate that our mouse model is able to recapitulate neurodegenerative changes observed in FTD. Neuroinflammation has been increasingly implicated in neurodegeneration, including FTD. Therefore, we investigated neuroinflammation in our CHMP2B mutant mice. We observed very early microglial proliferation that develops into a clear pro-inflammatory phenotype at late stages. Importantly, we also observed a similar inflammatory profile in CHMP2B patient frontal cortex. Aberrant microglial function has also been implicated in FTD caused by GRN, MAPT and C9orf72 mutations. The presence of early microglial changes in our CHMP2B mutant mice indicates neuroinflammation may be a contributing factor to the neurodegeneration observed in FTD.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Hennlock, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Undersökning om långtidsavställda fordon
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna studie undersöker status och användning av över 900 000 långtidsavställda personbilar och lätta lastbilar i Sveriges vägtrafikregister.Resultaten, baserade på statistiska analyser, intervjuer och enkäter, visar en varierad användning.Cirka en tredjedel av fordonen betraktas som samlarobjekt och en tiondel har skrotats. En översyn av nationell reglering rekommenderas för effektivare registrering av fordon och som adresserar miljörisker samtidigt som behoven för historiska fordon beaktas.
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| 11. |
- Holm, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Annex 65, Long-Term Performance of Super-Insulating-Materials in Building Components and Systems. Report of Subtask II: Scientific Information for Standardization Bodies dealing with Hygro-Thermo-Mechanical Properties and Ageing
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This subtask is divided in two actions: Action 2A: Materials Assessment & Ageing Procedures (Experiments & Simulation) Action 2B: Components & Systems Assessment (Experiments & Simulation) As their structures and microstructures are completely different, Super-Insulating Materials (SIMs) cannot be compared directly to traditional insulating materials. Worldwide acceptance of these materials will be improved if the hygro-thermal and mechanical properties of SIM can be clearly articulated and reproduced. In particular, nano-structured materials used to manufacture a SIM are characterized by a high specific area (m²/g) and narrow pores (smaller than 1 μm) which make them very sensitive to gas adsorption and condensation, especially in contact with water molecules. Therefore, methods of characterization must be adapted, or new methods developed to measure the microstructural, hygro-thermal and mechanical properties of these materials and their barrier films. In parallel, modelling methods to describe heat, moisture and air transfer through nano-structured materials and films will have to be developed (adsorption and desorption models, diffusion models, freeze-thawing …). Of course, a few methods will be common to all SIMs, but due to their structural differences some specific modelling methods have to be developed. SIMs can offer considerable advantages (low thickness, low Uvalue) ; however potential drawback effects should be considered in the planning process in order to optimise the development of these extraordinary properties (very low thermal conductivity) and to prevent negative publicity which could be detrimental to this sector of emerging products. This is why ageing tests will be set according to realistic conditions (temperature, moisture, pressure, load …) as set out in SubTask 3A. One objective of artificial ageing is to understand potential degradation processes that could occur. The durability of hydrophobic treatment is one of these processes and will also be subject to discussion and investigation. At the component scale, additional characterizations are needed as panels or rolls are sold by manufacturers. In particular, thermal bridges will be carefully investigated, as the extraordinary thermal performance of SIMs are sensitive to the influence of thermal bridges.
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| 12. |
- Holm, Petter, et al.
(författare)
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Bridging Gaps, Reforming Fisheries
- 2020
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Ingår i: Collaborative Research in Fisheries Co-creating Knowledge for Fisheries Governance in Europe. - 9783030267834 ; , s. 279-303
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 13. |
- Holm, Sebastian, 1993-, et al.
(författare)
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Alkoholbaserade tvättlösningar kan ge brännskador vid diatermi : [Diathermy can cause deep burns after alcohol preparation or through direct contact]
- 2022
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm : Sveriges läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 119:19-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Flera fall av vårdorsakade brännskador har rapporterats till Ivo och Socialstyrelsen de senaste decennierna.Alkoholbaserade lösningar för perioperativ steriltvätt i kombination med diatermi kan orsaka brand och brännskador om lösningen inte torkat ordentligt.Tvättlösningar kan ansamlas i draperingsveck eller i tyger. Det är viktigt att säkerställa att alkoholbaserade tvättlösningar har torkat ordentligt före användning av diatermi.Majoriteten av incidenter relaterade till intraoperativa brännskador orsakade av diatermi beror på felaktig användning.
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| 14. |
- Holm, Sebastian, et al.
(författare)
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Cutaneous steam burns and steam inhalation injuries : a literature review and a case presentation
- 2022
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Ingår i: European journal of plastic surgery. - : Springer Nature. - 0930-343X .- 1435-0130. ; 45:6, s. 881-896
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scald is one type of burn that s often mentioned alone and occurs mostly in the paediatric population. Inhaled steam is mostly cooled off in the airways, why thermal damage is rarely seen. A sudden exposure to hot steam/inhalation can cause a thermal inhalation injury. A scoping review was performed, with the aim to summarize all published papers in English, about steam-related injuries. The search was conducted using the PubMed (R) and Cochrane libraries on 19th of May 2021, without a set time period. Out of a total of 1186 identified records, 31 were chosen for review. Burns related to the contact with steam are generally rare and can be both minor and severe. The more severe cases related to steam exposure are mostly workplace accidents and the minor injuries reported in the literature are often related to steam inhalation therapy, especially in the paediatric population. This review describes the challenges that can be found dealing with patients suffering from cutaneous steam burns and/or steam inhalation injuries. A steam injury to the airways or the skin can be directly life-threatening and should be treated with caution. This type of injury can lead to acute respiratory insufficiency and sometimes death. A case of a male patient with extensive cutaneous steam burns and a steam inhalation injury who passed away after 11 days of treatment is also presented to illustrate this review. Level of evidence: Level V, Therapeutic; Risk/Prognostic Study.
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| 15. |
- Holm, Sebastian, 1993-, et al.
(författare)
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Does the estimation of burn extent at admission differ from the assessment at discharge?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scars, Burns & Healing. - : Sage Publications. - 2059-5131. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Estimation of total body surface area (TBSA) burnt and burn depth are among the most central parts of acute burn assessment/treatment as they determine the level and type of care needed. Traditional methods for determining burn extent on admission often lead to inaccurate estimations, especially in paediatric or overweight patients.Aim: To compare %TBSA at admission with validated %TBSA at discharge in different patient populations to investigate if significant over- or underestimation occurs.Method: This retrospective observational study is based on a patient registry of all the patients (n = 863) treated at the Uppsala University Hospital's Burn Centre between 2010 and 2018. The patients were divided into subgroups based on age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and validated burn extent. The %TBSA estimated at admission was compared to the validated %TBSA in all groups separately.Results: As has been published before, we also found that the %TBSA in paediatric patients was more often overestimated as were the smaller injuries, whereas larger injuries were often underestimated. BMI did not clearly affect the estimations and there was no clear difference between the genders in estimated %TBSA.Conclusion: Inaccurate estimations of %TBSA are common, particularly for paediatric patients and small or large injuries. We recommend a careful accurate approach when calculating %TBSA in the paediatric population to avoid over- and under-resuscitation. Increased education and training are recommended to improve accurate estimation in the future.Lay summary: The correct estimation of both extent and depth of burn is very important. This assessment guides the lever of care needed, the necessary amount of fluid resuscitation, the predicted outcome and more. It has been proven notably difficult to correct assess, especially the extent of a burn. Despite different tools as the "Rule of Nine" (body area divided into multiples of 9% body surfaces), the "Rule of Palm" (Patient's palm, fingers included, approximates 1% of body surfaces), the Lund & Browder chart (detailed, age-specific body areas) and different more technical solutions. Often inaccurate estimations are done which thus affect the treatment. This depth and extent estimation is usually performed when the patient is admitted. However, it is known that burns change appearance during the first few days of care. In our Burn Center we have also performed this estimation when the patient is discharged. At this point it is known the true extent and depth of the initial burn. In this retrospective observational study, we compared the burn extent estimated on admission with the one on discharge to investigate whether the initial assessment is accurate. This study highlights the issue of frequent inaccurate burn extent estimations, especially in subgroups as overweight patient or pediatric patients.
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| 16. |
- Holm, Sebastian, 1993-, et al.
(författare)
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Is the pre-operative wound culture necessary before skin grafting minor burns? A pilot study in a low resource setting burn service
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Burn Care & Research. - : Oxford University Press. - 1559-047X .- 1559-0488.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The most common cited cause of split-thickness skin graft failure is infection and due to the association between bacterial findings in wound beds an attempt to decrease the bacterial burden before skin-grafting evolved. Thus, pre-operative microbiology swabs of the wound bed became routine at some institutions prior to grafting. This is not standard practice in the Pietermaritzburg burn service. Emphasis is instead placed on a strict protocol of intra-operative wound bed preparation to promote adequate graft take. This pilot study aims to evaluate whether pre-operative wound swabs are appropriate. We performed a prospective observational study to determine if positive wound cultures were associated with graft failure. All patients with a burn surface area of less than 10 %, where delayed grafting (later than 28 days from time of burn injury) was performed, from March to December 2021 were analyzed. Patient demographics, days from burn to graft, %TBSA burn, %TBSA grafted, whether sharp debridement prior to grafting in the same procedure was performed or not, use of topical gentamicin intra-operatively, graft outcome (% graft loss), need for regraft, and organism grown were recorded into an excel spread sheet for analysis. The sample included 52 patients. Of these, 17 (31.5%) were female. The median %TBSA grafted was 8% (IQR 4-13%) and similar in both groups. The median days from burn to grafting was 35 days. Thirty-nine patients (75%) had graft Take and 13 (25%) had graft Failure. In the failed group, median % graft failure was 50% (30 - 70%). Of the group with successful graft take, 90% were noted to have had a positive wound culture prior to grafting. A positive wound culture was not found to be a risk factor for graft failure (p=0.993). Despite the positive wound cultures graft take was more than 90 % in 75% of grafts performed and only 2/52 patients required supplementary grafting. We believe that this demonstrates that our local protocol is reasonable in this setting and that waiting for negative wound swabs prior to grafting should not be a reason to delay grafting.
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| 17. |
- Holm, Sebastian, 1993-, et al.
(författare)
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Låg inkomst och asylstatus var kopplad till brännskador hos barn
- 2022
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm : Sveriges läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; :25-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- I Sverige skadas 40 000 människor av brännskador per år, och 1 300 patienter vårdas på sjukhus. Tidigare studier har beskrivit ett samband mellan socioekonomisk status och skaderisk hos barn, där brännskador inkluderas. I de flesta höginkomstländer har incidensen av brännskador minskat. I Sverige minskade antalet brännskador med 45 procent mellan 1987 och 2010 [1]. Förebyggande strategier med bland annat branddetektorer, elsäkerhet, vattentemperaturreglering och säkrare byggnader samt utbildning har bidragit till denna positiva utveckling.I Sverige finns två brännskadecentrum – ett i Linköping och ett i Uppsala. Man hade noterat ett ökat inflöde av barn med brännskador, och detta behövde undersökas närmare.En retrospektiv studie [2] med uppgifter från dessa två centrum kombinerade med uppgifter från Statistiska centralbyrån och Migrationsverket genomfördes därför för perioden 2010–2020. Alla barn (0–17 år) som hade vårdats inom öppenvård eller slutenvård ingick i studien. Studien omfattade 2 455 patienter. De flesta av barnen var under 5 år (76 procent) och var pojkar (60 procent). Studiedeltagarnas postnummer registrerades, och 83 procent (n = 1 974) bodde i områden med en inkomstnivå under den nationella medianen (Figur 1).Barn med asylstatus hade närmare 10 gånger ökad risk (medelvärde 9,6) att drabbas av brännskador jämfört med andra barn. Det är känt sedan tidigare studier runt om i världen att risken för att få en brännskada är kopplad till låg socioekonomisk status. Detta stämmer, enligt studien, även i Sverige.Brännskador hos barn kan undvikas genom prevention. Givet den ökade risken för brännskador hos barn bland asylsökande och dem som bor i områden med låg inkomst bör preventiva åtgärder designas för och implementeras med dessa grupper i åtanke.Den ökade risken kan vara kopplad till hur barnen och deras familjer bor, då trångboddhet är en riskfaktor för brännskador hos barn.
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| 18. |
- Holm, Sebastian, 1993-, et al.
(författare)
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Purpura fulminans, TEN, and disseminated herpes simplex : An unexpected combination
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical Case Reports. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2050-0904. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and purpura fulminans (PF) are all rare conditions. A combination of these 3 conditions together with a viral infection is very rare. A 52-year-old, previously healthy woman which developed SJS, potentially due to a reaction to CT contrast, although this is still unknown. This developed into TEN on day 10 of the initial admission, the patient scored 3 points on SCORTEN. On day 12 from initial admission, she developed unexpected multiorgan failure and PF. The patient passed away 2 days later, the autopsy demonstrates herpes simplex virus in the bladder and lungs on immunohistological staining. Our clinical case encountered the challenge of differentiating TEN and PF. The microscopic and immunochemical examination confirmed the clinical suspicion of PF but also a disseminated herpes simplex infection. We speculate the clinical route of this case started SJS and TEN, leading to superimposed infection with three different types of bacteria, confirmed in blood cultures, and a disseminated viral infection. The combination of all these diagnoses are very rare, no similar case has been described in adults to the authors' knowledge. We recommend a prompt diagnosis and early recognition of both bacterial and viral infections to prevent the development of PF.
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| 19. |
- Holm, Sebastian, et al.
(författare)
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Sociodemographic Patterns of Pediatric Patients in Specialized Burn Care in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 2169-7574. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Trauma is a leading cause of mortality in children. Burns affect children disproportionally. Although burn incidence and mortality are decreasing, differences in the risk depend on socioeconomic status. The present study aimed to investigate the sociodemographic patterns of pediatric patients (0-17 years) managed at the two burn centers in Sweden. Uppsala, and Linkoping, between 2010 and 2020.Method: This retrospective register-based study used hospital records from the two burn centers combined with information front Statistics Sweden plus data regarding number of asylum seekers from the Swedish Migrations Agency. Choropleth maps representing the patients' geographical distribution were created. Information about income levels per geographic area was added. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to investigate differences in median income levels between the areas where the patients lived, related to Sweden's median income.Results: The study included 2455 patients. Most of the children aged below 5 years (76%) and were boys (60%). The mean percentage of total skin area was 4.2%. There was no significant increment or decrease in the incidence of pediatric burns during the study. Most patients with recorded zip codes lived in areas with an income level below the national median (n = 1974, 83%). Children with asylum status were over-represented compared with residents and/or Swedish citizens.Conclusions: In Sweden, most pediatric burns occur in families that live in areas with low-income levels. Pediatric burns affect children with asylum status disproportionally compared with those who are residents in and/or citizens of Sweden. Prevention strategies should be designed and implemented to alleviate this health inequity.
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| 20. |
- Holm, Sebastian, 1993-, et al.
(författare)
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Sociodemographic Patterns of Pediatric Patients in Specialized Burn Care in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 2169-7574. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Trauma is a leading cause of mortality in children. Burns affect children disproportionally. Although burn incidence and mortality are decreasing, differences in the risk depend on socioeconomic status. The present study aimed to investigate the sociodemographic patterns of pediatric patients (0-17 years) managed at the two burn centers in Sweden, Uppsala, and Linköping, between 2010 and 2020.Method: This retrospective register-based study used hospital records from the two burn centers combined with information from Statistics Sweden plus data regarding number of asylum seekers from the Swedish Migrations Agency. Choropleth maps representing the patients' geographical distribution were created. Information about income levels per geographic area was added. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to investigate differences in median income levels between the areas where the patients lived, related to Sweden's median income.Results: The study included 2455 patients. Most of the children aged below 5 years (76%) and were boys (60%). The mean percentage of total skin area was 4.2%. There was no significant increment or decrease in the incidence of pediatric burns during the study. Most patients with recorded zip codes lived in areas with an income level below the national median (n = 1974, 83%). Children with asylum status were over-represented compared with residents and/or Swedish citizens.Conclusions: In Sweden, most pediatric burns occur in families that live in areas with low-income levels. Pediatric burns affect children with asylum status disproportionally compared with those who are residents in and/or citizens of Sweden. Prevention strategies should be designed and implemented to alleviate this health inequity.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Lundgren, Sebastian, et al.
(författare)
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Mutational Landscape in Resected Periampullary Adenocarcinoma: Relationship With Morphology and Clinical Outcome
- 2019
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Ingår i: JCO Precision Oncology. - 2473-4284. ; 3, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE Periampullary adenocarcinomas encompass a heterogeneous group of tumors with dismal prognosisand limited treatment options. Emerging evidence shows that tumor morphology (ie, intestinal type [I-type] orpancreatobiliary type [PB-type]) is a more relevant prognostic factor than tumor origin. Knowledge is sparse,however, on whether key mutations differ according to morphology.MATERIALS AND METHODS Next-generation sequencing was applied to assess the mutational status of 70 genesin 102 tumors from a retrospective cohort of 175 patients with resected periampullary adenocarcinoma.Brahma-related gene 1 protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays withprimary tumors from the original cohort.RESULTS APC mutations were significantly more common in I-type than in PB-type tumors (27.5% v 0%;P , .001), as were ERBB3 mutations (20.8% v 4.8%; P = .016), whereas CDKN2A mutations were morecommon in PB-type than in I-type tumors (19.4% v 2.5%; P = .013). KRAS mutation was an independentfactor of poor prognosis in I-type tumors (hazard ratio, 3.73; 95% CI, 1.10 to 12.67). In PB-type tumors,SMARCA4 mutation was an adverse prognostic factor in patients not receiving adjuvant chemotherapy,and there was a significant treatment interaction between expression of Brahma-related gene 1 protein, theprotein encoded by SMARCA4, and adjuvant chemotherapy (Pinteraction = .007).CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first description of the mutational landscape in the full spectrum ofperiampullary adenocarcinoma that demonstrates that the distribution and prognostic and predictive significanceof commonly mutated genes differ by morphology. The results emphasize that morphology is an importantfactor to consider in the search for novel biomarkers and targeted personalized treatment of these patients. Inaddition, the findings support the concept that molecular profiling of these tumors could be of clinical benefit.
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| 26. |
- Mohammad Ismail, Ahmad, 1993-, et al.
(författare)
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β-adrenergic blockade is associated with a reduced risk of 90-day mortality after surgery for hip fractures
- 2020
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Ingår i: Trauma surgery & acute care open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2397-5776. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is a significant postoperative mortality risk in patients subjected to surgery for hip fractures. Adrenergic hyperactivity induced by trauma and subsequent surgery is thought to be an important contributor. By downregulating the effect of circulating catecholamines the increased risk of postoperative mortality may be reduced. The aim of the current study is to assess the association between regular β-blocker therapy and postoperative mortality.Methods: This cohort study used the prospectively collected Swedish National Quality Registry for hip fractures to identify all patients over 40 years of age subjected to surgery for hip fractures between 2013 and 2017 in Örebro County, Sweden. Patients with ongoing β-blocker therapy at the time of surgery were allocated to the β-blocker-positive cohort. The primary outcome of interest was 90-day postoperative mortality. Risk factors for 90-day mortality were evaluated using Poisson regression analysis.Results: A total of 2443 patients were included in this cohort of whom 900 (36.8%) had ongoing β-blocker therapy before surgery. The β-blocker positive group was significantly older, less fit for surgery based on their American Society of Anesthesiologists classification and had a higher prevalence of comorbidities. A significant risk reduction in 90-day mortality was detected in patients receiving β-blockers (adjusted incidence rate ratio=0.82, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.98, p=0.03).Conclusions: β-blocker therapy is associated with a significant reduction in 90-day postoperative mortality after hip fracture surgery. Further investigation into this finding is warranted.Level of evidence: Therapeutic study, level III; prognostic study, level II.
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| 27. |
- Negoita, Florentina, et al.
(författare)
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PNPLA3 variant M148 causes resistance to starvation-mediated lipid droplet autophagy in human hepatocytes
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry. - : Wiley. - 0730-2312 .- 1097-4644. ; 120:1, s. 343-356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mechanism of how patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) variant M148 is associated with increased risk of development of hepatic steatosis is still debated. Here, we propose a novel role of PNPLA3 as a key player during autophagosome formation in the process of lipophagy. A human hepatocyte cell line, HepG2 cells, expressing recombinant I148 or 148M, was used to study lipophagy under energy deprived conditions, and lipid droplet morphology was investigated using florescence microscopy, image analysis and biochemical assays. Autophagic flux was studied using the golden-standard of LC3-II turnover in combination with the well characterized GFP-RFP-LC3 vector. To discriminate between, perturbed autophagic initiation and lysosome functionality, lysosomes were characterized by Lysotracker staining and LAMP1 protein levels as well as activity and activation of cathepsin B. For validation, human liver biopsies genotyped for I148 and 148M were analyzed for the presence of LC3-II and PNPLA3 on lipid droplets. We show that the M148-PNPLA3 variant is associated with lipid droplets that are resistant to starvation-mediated degradation. M148 expressing hepatocytes reveal decreased autophagic flux and reduced lipophagy. Both I148-PNPLA3 and M148-PNPLA3 colocalize and interact with LC3-II, but the M148-PNPLA3 variant has lower ability to bind LC3-II. Together, our data indicate that PNPLA3 might play an essential role in lipophagy in hepatocytes and furthermore that the M148-PNPLA3 variant appears to display a loss in this activity, leading to decreased lipophagy.
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| 28. |
- Nielsen, Kare Nolde, et al.
(författare)
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Navigating dilemmas with formalization of advisory processes: Views of practitioners in the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES)
- 2024
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Ingår i: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY. - 1462-9011 .- 1873-6416. ; 160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Formalization is an important aspect of the provision of scientific advice, which has received limited scholarly attention, and needs further conceptualization. Drawing on Adler and Bory's distinction between enabling and coercive formalization, we analyze advisory processes in a boundary organization. We do so with a case study of the provision of annual fisheries advice by the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). Based on interviews, we describe advantages and drawbacks of formalization in the views of ICES practitioners. Our findings highlight the importance of formalization and reveals ongoing challenges with navigating trade-offs between formalization and ad hoc adaptation. Despite a high level of formalization, respondents generally perceive that formalization approaches in ICES provide suitable guidance for the processes of stock assessment and advice formulation. However, they also emphasize the needs for deviations from standard procedures, justified with reference to peculiarities of situations. Lessons from ICES' approach to formalization can be of use for other advisory contexts.
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| 29. |
- Petráková, A., et al.
(författare)
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Strengthening core competences of medical and public health students for public health emergencies
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 30:Supplement 5, s. V15-V15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The importance of public health capacity development with a focus on public health emergencies and humanitarian assistance is continuously increasing at the global scale. In the time of Public Health Emergencies of International Concern is crucial to provide basic training in core public health competences to all health professionals, including students. Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic (full ASPHER member), implemented in medical as well as public health curricula new topics focused on core competences of health professionals in the area of public health emergencies and humanitarian assistance.Objectives: To strengthen competences and skills of medical as well as public health students to prepare them better for public health emergencies and humanitarian assistance in the time of increasing risk of global public health emergencies. New modules were proposed and tested in all education programmes at our Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc (CZ): General Medicine (Czech and English programmes), Dentistry (Czech and English programmes) and Public Health (Czech programme).Results: New modules on Public Health Emergencies, including preparedness, responses, risk management and risk communication were successfully tested in all education programmes during the academic year 2018/19 and fully implemented for the academic year 2019/20. New module has blended learning structure based on combination of face-to-face seminars and exercises with e-learning parts, including self-assessment. New module is presented in details.Conclusions: This new education module fully supports international recommendations to strengthen public health competences and skills of medical as well as public health students to be ready for any unexpected public health emergencies at all levels, in particular at the local community level. COVID-19 pandemic confirmed.
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| 30. |
- Pircher, Achmed, et al.
(författare)
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Left orbital compartment syndrome and right anterior ischemic optic neuropathy in a patient with severe burns despite non-aggressive fluid resuscitation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scars, Burns & Healing. - : Sage Publications. - 2059-5131. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Ophthalmological complications such as orbital compartment syndrome (OCS) and ischemic optic neuropathy are rare complications in patients with burns and have been described in patients where aggressive fluid resuscitation was performed. While OCS requires urgent surgical intervention, no current treatment is established to treat, or prevent, ischemic optic neuropathy in patients with burns.Methods: The authors report a case of a 38-year-old woman with flame burns including the periorbital regions who developed OCS on the left side and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) on the right side despite non-aggressive fluid resuscitation. Immediate lateral canthotomy combined with inferior cantholysis was performed on the left side.Discussion and conclusion: OCS and AION need to be considered as potential complications even in critically ill patients with facial burns who do not receive aggressive fluid resuscitation. Whether an early surgical intervention will lower the risk of AION development is, however, speculative.Lay summary: Ophthalmological complications such as orbital compartment syndrome and ischemic optic neuropathy are rare complications in patients with burns and have been described in patients where aggressive fluid resuscitation was performed. We present a case of a critically ill patient with severe facial burns who developed orbital compartment syndrome on the left side and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy on the right side even though our patient did not receive aggressive fluid resuscitation.Our case is particular because both of these rare complications are seen in a single patient and neither received aggressive fluid resuscitation. The fact that the patient did not develop ischemic optic neuropathy on the side where the lateral canthotomy was performed (only on the side where the patient had orbital compartment syndrome), this case might raise the discussion of whether an early surgical intervention might lower the risk of ischemic optic neuropathy development in patients with facial burns.
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| 31. |
- Rosendahl, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Lack of CCR3 leads to a skeletal phenotype only in male mice
- 2022
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Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 620, s. 98-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We recently showed that adult male mice that lacked the C–C-chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3) exhibited disturbed bone remodeling, which resulted in a cortical bone phenotype of thin femoral cortical bone. However, it remains unknown whether this phenotype would be present during bone modeling, or it affects female mice. Here, we analyzed juvenile and adolescent CCR3-deficient mice to determine when bone modeling was affected in the absence of CCR3 signaling. To investigate whether the CCR3 bone phenotype was sex-related, we analyzed both young female and male mice, and adult females.Micro-computed tomography (μCT) and histomorphometric analyses in adolescent CCR3-deficient male mice revealed reduced cortical bone volume and thickness, and an increase in periosteal mineralization. Interestingly, no skeletal phenotype was observed in adolescent or adult female CCR3-deficient mice. Among juvenile CCR3-deficient mice, neither males nor females showed a skeletal phenotype, which indicated that bone modeling was not affected by the CCR3 deficiency.In summary, adolescent and adult male mice that lacked CCR3 receptors exhibited a cortical phenotype that was not present in female mice, probably due to an estrogen protective mechanism. Based on these and our previous results, we suggest that the importance of CCR3 in cortical bone turnover is related to sex hormones. Because only a few molecules are known to control cortical bone turnover, our novel finding that CCR3 regulated cortical bone thickness only in males suggested that CCR3 is a novel target for controlling cortical bone morphology in male individuals, and perhaps, in post-menopausal women.
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| 32. |
- Saarela, Svetlana, et al.
(författare)
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Hierarchical model-based inference for forest inventory utilizing three sources of information
- 2016
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Ingår i: Annals of Forest Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1286-4560 .- 1297-966X. ; 73, s. 895-910
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study presents novel model-based estimators for growing stock volume and its uncertainty estimation, combining a sparse sample of field plots, a sample of laser data, and wall-to-wall Landsat data. On the basis of our detailed simulation, we show that when the uncertainty of estimating mean growing stock volume on the basis of an intermediate ALS model is not accounted for, the estimated variance of the estimator can be biased by as much as a factor of three or more, depending on the sample size at the various stages of the design.This study concerns model-based inference for estimating growing stock volume in large-area forest inventories, combining wall-to-wall Landsat data, a sample of laser data, and a sparse subsample of field data.We develop and evaluate novel estimators and variance estimators for the population mean volume, taking into account the uncertainty in two model steps.Estimators and variance estimators were derived for two main methodological approaches and evaluated through Monte Carlo simulation. The first approach is known as two-stage least squares regression, where Landsat data were used to predict laser predictor variables, thus emulating the use of wall-to-wall laser data. In the second approach laser data were used to predict field-recorded volumes, which were subsequently used as response variables in modeling the relationship between Landsat and field data.a (TM) The estimators and variance estimators are shown to be at least approximately unbiased. Under certain assumptions the two methods provide identical results with regard to estimators and similar results with regard to estimated variances.We show that ignoring the uncertainty due to one of the models leads to substantial underestimation of the variance, when two models are involved in the estimation procedure.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Sánchez Gómez, Sebastián Tomás, et al.
(författare)
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A possible 5 km wide impact structure with associated 22 km wide exterior collapse terrain in the Alhabia–Tabernas Basin, southeastern Spain
- 2023
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Ingår i: Meteoritics and Planetary Science. - 1086-9379. ; 58:10, s. 1512-1539
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Tabernas–Alhabia Basin is a structural depression situated in the province of Almería, southeastern Spain. The basin is filled with Neogene, Pliocene, and Pleistocene sediments resting discordantly on a Paleozoic metamorphic basement. During the marine Tortonian sedimentation, a bed of breccia (Gordo megabed) was formed. It consists of rotated sedimentary megablocks commonly capped and/or surrounded by a polymict breccia composed mainly of up to dm-sized clasts of the crystalline (schist) basement. Previous work has suggested the bed to be a seismite corresponding to events induced by earthquakes. Here, we link the formation of the Gordo megabed with an ∼5 km wide, rimmed depression with exposed breccias on the northern flank of the Sierra de Gádor mountain. This semicircular structure, developed in mainly schists and dolostone of the basement, is delimited to the W, S, and E by an up to 350 m high escarpment with overturned stratigraphy. Toward the north, this crater-like structure opens toward the Gordo megabed of the Tabernas Basin. In the southern sector, the overturned strata transform outward for into a blocky allochthonous breccia with decreasing thickness and clast size. In the interior of the structure, there are occurrences of graded breccia and arenite superposed on a blocky, autochthonous breccia. Based on the presence of mineralogical shock metamorphic evidence, potential shatter cones, and a high Ir anomaly (∼500 ppb) as well as the position of the structure near the town of Alhama de Almería, we propose to call it the Alhama de Almería impact structure.
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| 35. |
- Stašek, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Perioperative oesophagogastroduodenoscopy in the prevention and therapy of anastomotic complications - A review : [Prioperační ezofagogastroduodenoskopie v prevenci a terapii anastomotických komplikací - přehledový článek]
- 2020
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Ingår i: Gastroenterologie a Hepatologie. - : Ambit Media, a.s.. - 1804-7874 .- 1804-803X. ; 74:3, s. 217-227
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current development of endoscopic and minimally invasive methods show new techniques to treat early anastomotic complicationsin the upper gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this paper is to summarise current knowledge about endoscopic methods and their relation tosurgical treatment in terms of their timing of use, alternative procedures and previous study results. The main methods discussed are endoscopicvacuum therapy (EVAC) and the use of stents and clips, particularly the over-the-scope variant (OTSC). Intraoperative endoscopy is an importantoption, due to the navigation of surgery and combined surgical and endoscopic therapy. Included in this paper is an evaluation of the benefitsof individual methods employed in the complications of oesophagogastric and oesophagojejunal anastomoses as well as in bariatric surgery(sleeve gastrectomy, gastric bypass). An evaluation of the benefits of individual methods employed in the complications of oesophagogastric andoesophagojejunal anastomoses as well as in bariatric surgery (sleeve gastrectomy, gastric bypass) is included in a comprehensive review.
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| 36. |
- Ståhl, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Use of models in large-area forest surveys: comparing model-assisted, model-based and hybrid estimation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Forest Ecosystems. - : Elsevier BV. - 2095-6355 .- 2197-5620. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper focuses on the use of models for increasing the precision of estimators in large-area forest surveys. It is motivated by the increasing availability of remotely sensed data, which facilitates the development of models predicting the variables of interest in forest surveys. We present, review and compare three different estimation frameworks where models play a core role: model-assisted, model-based, and hybrid estimation. The first two are well known, whereas the third has only recently been introduced in forest surveys. Hybrid inference mixes design-based and model-based inference, since it relies on a probability sample of auxiliary data and a model predicting the target variable from the auxiliary data. We review studies on large-area forest surveys based on model-assisted, model-based, and hybrid estimation, and discuss advantages and disadvantages of the approaches. We conclude that no general recommendations can be made about whether model-assisted, model-based, or hybrid estimation should be preferred. The choice depends on the objective of the survey and the possibilities to acquire appropriate field and remotely sensed data. We also conclude that modelling approaches can only be successfully applied for estimating target variables such as growing stock volume or biomass, which are adequately related to commonly available remotely sensed data, and thus purely field based surveys remain important for several important forest parameters.
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| 37. |
- Söndergaard Hansen, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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Perilipin 1 binds to aquaporin 7 in human adipocytes and controls its mobility via protein kinase A mediated phosphorylation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Metabolism-Clinical and Experimental. - : Elsevier BV. - 0026-0495. ; 65:12, s. 1731-1742
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulated glycerol metabolism contributes to the pathophysiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Glycerol efflux from adipocytes is regulated by the aquaglyceroporin AQP7, which is translocated upon hormone stimulation. Here, we propose a molecular mechanism where the AQP7 mobility in adipocytes is dependent on perilipin 1 and protein kinase A. Biochemical analyses combined with ex vivo studies in human primary adipocytes, demonstrate that perilipin 1 binds to AQP7, and that catecholamine activated protein kinase A phosphorylates the N-terminus of AQP7, thereby reducing complex formation. Together, these findings are indicative of how glycerol release is controlled in adipocytes, and may pave the way for the future design of drugs against human metabolic pathologies.
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| 38. |
- Tegnell, Emily, et al.
(författare)
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Världen är redo för global anestesi
- 2021
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Ingår i: Svensk förening för anestesi och intensivvård. - : Svensk förening för anestesi och intensivvård. - 0283-8818 .- 2002-0465. ; 27:1, s. 13-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- En timme. Sen måste du ut. Det finns inga ursäkter. Det finns inga bra argument att vara kvar. Inte ens om du behöver rädda någons liv. En timm eär gränsen säger de. Och nu förstår jag varför. När mina kollegor på behandlingscentret för ebola på utsidan av isoleringstältet börjar signalera att jag måste ut är det kö till utgången. Där står hygienister som hjälper till att spruta klorin mellan varje moment när du ska ta av dig skyddskläderna för att se till att du kan ta dig ut på ett säkert sätt. Men det tar tid. Så ibland blir det kö. Och jag börjar få tunnel-seende. Svetten rinner ner för ryggen under plastdräkten. Och när illamående kommer måste jag en stund sätta mig på huk.
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| 39. |
- Wejedal, Sebastian, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Vem får prövningstillstånd i kammarrätt? – Ett empiriskt bidrag till teorin om ”Party Capability”
- 2020
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Ingår i: Förvaltningsrättslig Tidskrift. - 0015-8585. ; :2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enligt teorin om ”Party Capability” har olika kategorier av parter olika förmåga att processa i domstol, vilket är ägnat att påverka utgången till starkare parters fördel. I artikeln appliceras denna teori på svensk domstolsprocess. Närmare bestämt prövas hypotesen att allmänna parter har högre chans att meddelas prövningstillstånd i kammarrätt än enskilda, samt att det inom dessa kategorier finns skillnader mellan stat/kommun respektive företag/privatperson. Hypotesen verifieras genom en empirisk studie, där meddelade/nekade prövningstillstånd i tre målkategorier (socialförsäkringsmål, socialtjänstmål och upphandlingsmål) analyseras statistiskt. Studien visar att det råder ett starkt beroende (korrelation) mellan vem som klagar och om prövningstillstånd meddelas. Statliga organ har högst pt-frekvens (78 procent) följt av kommunala organ (51 procent) och företag (21 procent). Lägst pt-frekvens har privatpersoner (8 procent). Skillnaden mellan parterna är störst i socialförsäkringsmål, där Försäkringskassan har hela 853 procent större chans att få prövningstillstånd än den försäkrade. Dessa resultat problematiseras slutligen i relation till den intressekonflikt, mellan rättssäkerhet och effektivitet, som kravet på prövningstillstånd i mellaninstans innebär.
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| 40. |
- Östlund, Allison, et al.
(författare)
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To have or not to have? Success rates in the termination of protective custody of children in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Rage, Reckoning and Remedy – Global Meeting on Law and Society, 13–16 juli 2022. - : LSA: Rage, Reckoning and Remedy.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sweden comparatively has a large proportion of children in protective custody, as well as long terms of placement. This can be understood as a token of social welfare ambition, but also of its failure. Law and society-literature show that experienced litigants enjoy higher success rates in court proceedings than one-shot litigants. In compulsory care proceedings, individual parties against whom coercive measures are brought are usually “have nots”, whereas opposing authorities have vast resources at their disposal. The termination of protective custody is against this background examined, tracing not only relevant factors, but also explaining individual outcomes. In administrative proceedings of all types (Risenfors/Lorentzson) individuals’ success rates were overall low; however, protective custody and its termination were even lower (up to 99%). Child protective custody proceedings have certain particularities, explaining success rates. It is a typical case of haves vs haves not (in Galanter’s terminology) – public authorities enjoy the necessary litigation infrastructure whereas individuals are subjected to protective custody proceedings because of various incapacities. On the other hand, it is not a clean-cut matter of litigation experience, as many individuals in protective custody are also repeat players (albeit less so than their opposing parties). There remain other tokens of procedural imbalance. The litigation type includes a representation anomaly as compared to other administrative procedures. On the one hand, individuals are always granted legal aid; on the other, this does not constitute effective counsel (Wejedal/Östlund). The context of “therapeutic law” in itself produces an inequality of arms (Sjöström/Jacobsson. Albeit formally inter partes, in this respect it is not truly adversarial, which places the problem’s procedural dimensions within the wider legal discourse on access to justice, and ultimately within dimensions of social inequalities.
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