SwePub
Sök i SwePub databas

  Utökad sökning

Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Jonsson Anders 1954 ) "

Sökning: WFRF:(Jonsson Anders 1954 )

  • Resultat 1-50 av 62
Sortera/gruppera träfflistan
   
NumreringReferensOmslagsbildHitta
1.
  • Vukusic, Kristina, 1979, et al. (författare)
  • The Atrioventricular Junction: A Potential Niche Region for Progenitor Cells in the Adult Human Heart
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Stem Cells and Development. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1547-3287 .- 1557-8534. ; 28:16, s. 1078-1088
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A stem cell niche is a microenvironment where stem cells reside in a quiescent state, until activated. In a previous rat model, we combined 5-bromo-2-deoxy-uridine labeling with activation of endogenous stem cells by physical exercise and revealed a distinct region, in the atrioventricular junction (AVj), with features of a stem cell niche. In this study, we aim to investigate whether a similar niche exists in the human heart. Paired biopsies from AVj and left ventricle (LV) were collected both from explanted hearts of organ donors, not used for transplantation (N = 7) and from severely failing hearts from patients undergoing heart transplantation (N = 7). Using antibodies, we investigated the expression of stem cell, hypoxia, proliferation and migration biomarkers. In the collagen-dense region of the AVj in donor hearts, progenitor markers, MDR1, SSEA4, ISL1, WT1, and hypoxia marker, HIF1-alpha, were clearly detected. The expression gradually decreased with distance from the valve. At the myocardium border in the AVj costaining of the proliferation marker Ki67 with cardiomyocyte nuclei marker PCM1 and cardiac Troponin-T (cTnT) indicated proliferation of small cardiomyocytes. In the same site we also detected ISL1(+)/WT1(+)/cTnT cells. In addition, heterogeneity in cardiomyocyte sizes was noted. Altogether, these findings indicate different developmental stages of cardiomyocytes below the region dense in stem cell marker expression. In patients suffering from heart failure the AVj region showed signs of impairment generally displaying much weaker or no expression of progenitor markers. We describe an anatomic structure in the human hearts, with features of a progenitor niche that coincided with the same region previously identified in rats with densely packed cells expressing progenitor and hypoxia markers. The data provided in this study indicate that the adult heart contains progenitor cells and that AVj might be a specific niche region from which the progenitors migrate at the time of regeneration.
  •  
2.
  • Andersson, Henrik, et al. (författare)
  • Assaying cardiac biomarkers for toxicity testing using biosensing and cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY. - : Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.. - 0168-1656 .- 1873-4863. ; 150:1, s. 175-181
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Human embryonic stem cell (hESC) derived cardiomyocytes are in the present study being used for testing drug-induced cardiotoxicity in a biosensor set-up. The design of an in vitro testing alternative provides a novel opportunity to surpass previous methods based on rodent cells or cell lines due to its significantly higher toxicological relevance. In this report we demonstrate how hESC-derived cardiomyocytes release detectable levels of two clinically decisive cardiac biomarkers, cardiac troponin T and fatty acid binding protein 3, when the cardiac cells are exposed to the well-known cardioactive drug compound. doxorubicin. The release is monitored by the immuno-biosensor technique surface plasmon resonance, particularly appropriate due to its capacity for parallel and high-throughput analysis in complex media.
  •  
3.
  • Asp, Julia, 1973, et al. (författare)
  • Cardiomyocyte clusters derived from human embryonic stem cells share similarities with human heart tissue.
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Journal of molecular cell biology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1759-4685 .- 1674-2788. ; 2:5, s. 276-83
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Cardiotoxicity testing is a key activity in the pharmaceutical industry in order to detect detrimental effects of new drugs. A reliable human in vitro model would both be beneficial in selection of lead compounds and be important for reducing animal experimentation. However, the human heart is a complex organ composed of many distinct types of cardiomyocytes, but cardiomyocyte clusters (CMCs) derived from human embryonic stem cells could be an option for a cellular model. Data on functional properties of CMCs demonstrate similarities to their in vivo analogues in human. However, development of an in vitro model requires a more thorough comparison of CMCs to human heart tissue. Therefore, we directly compared individually isolated CMCs to human fetal, neonatal, adult atrial and ventricular heart tissues. Real-time qPCR analysis of mRNA levels and protein staining of ion channels and cardiac markers showed in general a similar expression pattern in CMCs and human heart. Moreover, a significant decrease in beat frequency was noted after addition of Zatebradine, a blocker to I(f) involved in regulation of spontaneous contraction in CMCs. The results underscore the similarities of CMCs to human cardiac tissue, and further support establishment of novel cardiotoxicity assays based on the CMCs in drug discovery.
  •  
4.
  • Bergkvist, Lisa, et al. (författare)
  • Carbon Sequestration Potential f Agroforestry Systems For Phytoremediation In Chinandega, Nicaragua
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Linnaeus Eco-Tech 2018. ; , s. 211-211
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have increased to earlier unrecorded levels, causing global climate change that increases GMT and threaten ecosystems and livelihoods. IPCC report suggest that agroforestry offers considerable carbon sequestration (c seq.) potential, especially for developing countries. The purpose of this study is to estimate the c seq. potential in different agroforestry systems suitable in Chinandega, Nicaragua - a deforested region where the ground is polluted by toxaphene and other POP:s. Three scenarios where studied; Shading system using Tectona grandis and Pogostemon cablin; Alley cropping using Erythrina poeppigiana and Ricinus communis and Silvopasture using Cordia alliodora and Brachiaria ruziziensis, the last scenario being divided into two subscenarios; unmanaged (grazed) and managed (harvested) grass. Calculations were performed using the modelling program CO2FIX v. 3.2, with a runtime of 100 years and assuming deforested area with no previous land use. Results show a significantly higher c seq. potential in Shading system (168/217 MgC/ha). Alley cropping yields 71 MgC/ha and Silvopasture results in 80/84 MgC/ha unmanaged and 65/70 MgC/ha managed. The higher number includes products from harvest. All scenarios show fluctuations over time due to thinning and harvesting practices. Phytoremediation potential of POPs has been shown in Ricinus communis and grass species. Soil c seq. is especially important to consider in longterm scenarios as this c seq. can be sustained over longer time. The inclusion of crop residue, the effect of grazing animals or changes in density of trees and crops and environmental fate of the toxic compounds need further assessment before considering large scale applications. Agroforestry practices could contribute to several benefits, including climate change mitigation and phytoremediation.
  •  
5.
  • Jonsson, Marianne, 1962, et al. (författare)
  • Novel 3D culture system with similarities to the human heart for studies of the cardiac stem cell niche.
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Regenerative medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1746-076X .- 1746-0751. ; 5:5, s. 725-36
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIMS: The aim of this study was to develop a 3D culture system with similarities to the human heart, which was suitable for studies of adult cardiac stem or progenitor cells. MATERIALS & METHODS: Dissociated cells from human cardiac biopsies were placed in high-density pellet cultures and cultured for up to 6 weeks. Gene and protein expressions, analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, and morphology were studied in early and late pellets. RESULTS: Cells cultured in the 3D model showed similarities to human cardiac tissue. Moreover, markers for cardiac stem and progenitor cells were also detected after 6 weeks of culture, in addition to markers for signaling pathways active in stem cell niche regulation. CONCLUSIONS: The described 3D culture model could be a valuable tool when studying the influence of different compounds on proliferation and differentiation processes in cardiac stem or progenitor cells in cardiac regenerative research.
  •  
6.
  • Sandstedt, Joakim, et al. (författare)
  • C-kit+ CD45- cells found in the adult human heart represent a population of endothelial progenitor cells.
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Basic research in cardiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-1803 .- 0300-8428. ; 105:4, s. 545-56
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Although numerous reports support the existence of stem cells in the adult heart, few studies have been conducted using human cardiac tissue. Therefore, cells from human cardiac atrial biopsies were analyzed regarding progenitor properties. Expression of stem cell markers was analyzed using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. This identified a small population of C-kit+ cells, which could be further subdivided based on expression of CD45. The C-kit+ CD45+ population was determined to be of mast cell identity, while the C-kit+ CD45- population expressed mRNA of the endothelial lineage. Since the number of cells obtainable from biopsies was limited, a comparison between directly isolated and monolayer and explant cultured cells, respectively, was carried out. While both cultures retained a small population of mast cells, only monolayer culture produced a stable and relatively high percentage of C-kit+ CD45- cells. This population was found to co-express endothelial progenitor cell markers such as CD31, CD34, CXCR4, and FLK-1. The mRNA expression profile was similar to the one from directly isolated cells. When sorted cells were cultured in endothelial differentiation medium, the C-kit+ CD45- population retained its expression of endothelial markers to a large extent, but downregulated progenitor markers, indicating further differentiation into endothelial cells. We have confirmed that the human cardiac atrium contains a small C-kit+ CD45- population expressing markers commonly found on endothelial progenitor cells. The existence of an endothelial progenitor population within the heart might have future implications for developing methods of inducing neovascularization after myocardial infarction.
  •  
7.
  • Sandstedt, Joakim, et al. (författare)
  • Human C-kit+CD45- cardiac stem cells are heterogeneous and display both cardiac and endothelial commitment by single-cell qPCR analysis.
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Biochemical and biophysical research communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-2104 .- 0006-291X. ; 443:1, s. 234-238
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • C-kit expressing cardiac stem cells have been described as multipotent. We have previously identified human cardiac C-kit+CD45- cells, but only found evidence of endothelial commitment. A small cardiac committed subpopulation within the C-kit+CD45- population might however be present. To investigate this at single-cell level, right and left atrial biopsies were dissociated and analyzed by FACS. Only right atrial biopsies contained a clearly distinguishable C-kit+CD45- population, which was single-cell sorted for qPCR. A minor portion of the sorted cells (1.1%) expressed early cardiac gene NKX2.5 while most of the cells (81%) expressed late endothelial gene VWF. VWF- cells were analyzed for a wider panel of genes. One group of these cells expressed endothelial genes (FLK-1, CD31) while another group expressed late cardiac genes (TNNT2, ACTC1). In conclusion, human C-kit+CD45- cells were predominantly localized to the right atrium. While most of these cells expressed endothelial genes, a minor portion expressed cardiac genes.
  •  
8.
  • Sandstedt, Joakim, et al. (författare)
  • Left atrium of the human adult heart contains a population of side population cells.
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Basic research in cardiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-1803 .- 0300-8428. ; 107:2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Cardiac "side population" (SP) cells have previously been found to differentiate into both endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes in mice and rats, but there are no data on SP cells in the human adult heart. Therefore, human cardiac atrial biopsies were dissociated, stained for SP cells and analyzed with FACS. Identified cell populations were analyzed for gene expression by quantitative real-time PCR and subjected to in vitro differentiation. Only biopsies from the left atrium contained a clearly distinguishable population of SP cells (0.22±0.08%). The SP population was reduced by co-incubation with MDR1 inhibitor Verapamil, while the ABCG2 inhibitor FTC failed to decrease the number of SP cells. When the gene expression was analyzed, SP cells were found to express significantly more MDR1 than non-SP cells. For ABCG2, there was no detectable difference. SP cells also expressed more of the stem cell-associated markers C-KIT and OCT-4 than non-SP cells. On the other hand, no significant difference in the expression of endothelial and cardiac genes could be detected. SP cells were further subdivided based on CD45 expression. The CD45-SP population showed evidence of endothelial commitment at gene expression level. In conclusion, the results show that a SP population of cells is present also in the human adult heart.
  •  
9.
  • Sandstedt, Joakim, et al. (författare)
  • SSEA-4+ CD34- Cells in the Adult Human Heart Show the Molecular Characteristics of a Novel Cardiomyocyte Progenitor Population.
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Cells, tissues, organs. - : S. Karger AG. - 1422-6421 .- 1422-6405. ; 199:2-3, s. 103-116
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA) expression is used to describe the differentiation state of an embryonic stem cell (ESC). In human ESCs, SSEA-3 and SSEA-4 are highly expressed in undifferentiated cells and downregulated upon differentiation. SSEA-4 has also been described as a marker for adult stem cells in various tissues, including human neonatal cardiac tissue. However, there is currently little data on the expression of SSEAs in human adult cardiac tissue. We obtained right and left atrial biopsies from patients undergoing cardiac surgery. These were dissociated, stained for SSEAs and other cardiac stem cell markers and analyzed by flow cytometry. Directly isolated cells expressed variable levels of SSEA-1, SSEA-3 and SSEA-4. The SSEA-1+ population was established as contaminating hematopoietic cells. The SSEA-4+ population, on the other hand, could be subdivided based on the endothelial progenitor marker CD34. The SSEA-4+ CD34- population in the right atrium had a high gene expression of both early (TBX5, NKX2.5) and late (TNNT2) cardiomyocyte markers. The SSEA-4+ CD34+ population, on the other hand, overlapped with previously described C-kit+ CD45- cardiac stem cells. Primary monolayer-cultured cells retained expression of SSEAs while the cardiomyogenic specification in the SSEA-4+ CD34- population was lost. In tissue sections, SSEA-4+ cells could be identified both within and outside the myocardium. Within the myocardium, some SSEA-4+ cells coexpressed cardiomyogenic markers. In conclusion, the results show that the adult human heart expresses SSEAs and that there is a subpopulation of SSEA-4+ CD34- cells that show features of a cardiomyocyte progenitor population. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.
  •  
10.
  • Sandstedt, Mikael, 1990, et al. (författare)
  • Intracellular flow cytometry may be combined with good quality and high sensitivity RT-qPCR analysis.
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology. - : Wiley. - 1552-4930. ; 87:12, s. 1079-1089
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Flow cytometry (FCM) has become a well-established method for analysis of both intracellular and cell-surface proteins, while quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) is used to determine gene expression with high sensitivity and specificity. Combining these two methods would be of great value. The effects of intracellular staining on RNA integrity and RT-qPCR sensitivity and quality have not, however, been fully examined. We, therefore, intended to assess these effects further. Cells from the human lung cancer cell line A549 were fixed, permeabilized and sorted by FCM. Sorted cells were analyzed using RT-qPCR. RNA integrity was determined by RNA quality indicator analysis. A549 cells were then mixed with cells of the mouse cardiomyocyte cell line HL-1. A549 cells were identified by the cell surface marker ABCG2, while HL-1 cells were identified by intracellular cTnT. Cells were sorted and analyzed by RT-qPCR. Finally, cell cultures from human atrial biopsies were used to evaluate the effects of fixation and permeabilization on RT-qPCR analysis of nonimmortalized cells stored prior to analysis by FCM. A large amount of RNA could be extracted even when cells had been fixed and permeabilized. Permeabilization resulted in increased RNA degradation and a moderate decrease in RT-qPCR sensitivity. Gene expression levels were also affected to a moderate extent. Sorted populations from the mixed A549 and HL-1 cell samples showed gene expression patterns that corresponded to FCM data. When samples were stored before FCM sorting, the RT-qPCR analysis could still be performed with high sensitivity and quality. In summary, our results show that intracellular FCM may be performed with only minor impairment of the RT-qPCR sensitivity and quality when analyzing sorted cells; however, these effects should be considered when comparing RT-qPCR data of not fixed samples with those of fixed and permeabilized samples. © 2015 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
  •  
11.
  • Sandstedt, Mikael, 1990, et al. (författare)
  • Regional transcriptomic profiling reveals immune system enrichment in nonfailing atria as well as all chambers of the failing human heart
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 0363-6135 .- 1522-1539. ; 325:6, s. H1430-H1445
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The different chambers of the human heart demonstrate regional physiological traits and may be differentially affected during pathologic remodeling, resulting in heart failure. Few previous studies have, however, characterized the different chambers at a transcriptomic level. We therefore conducted whole-tissue RNA sequencing and gene set enrichment analysis of biopsies collected from the four chambers of adult failing (n = 8) and nonfailing (n = 11) human hearts. Atria and ventricles demonstrated distinct transcriptional patterns. Compared to nonfailing ventricles, the transcriptional pattern of nonfailing atria was enriched for a large number of gene sets associated with cardiogenesis, the immune system and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta), MAPK/JNK and Wnt signaling. Differences between failing and nonfailing hearts were also determined. The transcriptional pattern of failing atria was distinct compared to that of nonfailing atria and enriched for gene sets associated with the innate and adaptive immune system, TGF beta/SMAD signaling, and changes in endothelial, smooth muscle cell and cardiomyocyte physiology. Failing ventricles were also enriched for gene sets associated with the immune system. Based on the transcriptomic patterns, upstream regulators associated with heart failure were identified. These included many immune response factors predicted to be similarly activated for all chambers of failing hearts. In summary, the heart chambers demonstrate distinct transcriptional patterns that differ between failing and nonfailing hearts. Immune system signaling may be a hallmark of all four heart chambers in failing hearts, and could constitute a novel therapeutic target.
  •  
12.
  • Synnergren, Jane, et al. (författare)
  • Transcriptional sex and regional differences in paired human atrial and ventricular cardiac biopsies collected in vivo
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Physiological Genomics. - : American Physiological Society. - 1094-8341 .- 1531-2267. ; 52:2, s. 110-120
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Transcriptional studies of the human heart provide insight into physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms, essential for understanding the fundamental mechanisms of normal cardiac function and how they are altered by disease. To improve the understanding of why men and women may respond differently to the same therapeutic treatment it is crucial to learn more about sex-specific transcriptional differences. In this study the transcriptome of right atrium and left ventricle was compared across sex and regional location. Paired biopsies from five male and five female patients undergoing aortic valve replacement or coronary artery bypass grafting were included. Gene expression analysis identified 620 differentially expressed transcripts in atrial and ventricular tissue in men and 471 differentially expressed transcripts in women. In total 339 of these transcripts overlapped across sex but notably, 281 were unique in the male tissue and 162 in the female tissue, displaying marked sex differences in the transcriptional machinery. The transcriptional activity was significantly higher in atrias than in ventricles as 70% of the differentially expressed genes were upregulated in the atrial tissue. Furthermore, pathway- and functional annotation analyses performed on the differentially expressed genes showed enrichment for a more heterogeneous composition of biological processes in atrial compared with the ventricular tissue, and a dominance of differentially expressed genes associated with infection disease was observed. The results reported here provide increased insights about transcriptional differences between the cardiac atrium and ventricle but also reveal transcriptional differences in the human heart that can be attributed to sex.
  •  
13.
  • Vukusic, Kristina, 1979, et al. (författare)
  • High Density Sphere Culture of Adult Cardiac Cells Increases the Levels of Cardiac and Progenitor Markers and Shows Signs of Vasculogenesis
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Biomed Research International. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2314-6133 .- 2314-6141.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • 3D environment and high cell density play an important role in restoring and supporting the phenotypes of cells represented in cardiac tissues.. e aim of this study was therefore to investigate the suitability of high density sphere (HDS) cultures for studies of cardiomyocyte-, endothelial-, and stem-cell biology. Primary adult cardiac cells from nine human biopsies were cultured using different media for up to 9 weeks.. e possibilities to favor a certain cell phenotype and induce production of extra cellular matrix (ECM) were studied by histology, immunohistochemistry, and uantitative real-time PCR. Defined media gave significant increase in both cardiac-and progenitor-specific markers and also an intraluminal position of endothelial cells over time. Cardiac media showed indication of differentiation and maturity of HDS considering the ECM production and activities within NOTCH regulation but no additional cardiac differentiation. Endothelial media gave no positive effects on endothelial phenotype but increased proliferation without fibroblast overgrowth. In addition, indications for early vasculogenesis were found. It was also possible to affect the Wnt signaling in HDS by addition of a glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitor. In conclusion, these findings show the suitability of HDS as in vitro model for studies of cardiomyocyte-, endothelial-, and stem-cell biology.
  •  
14.
  • Bajor, Antal, 1962, et al. (författare)
  • Normal or increased bile acid uptake in isolated mucosa from patients with bile acid malabsorption.
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. - 0954-691X. ; 18:4, s. 397-403
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Bile acid malabsorption as reflected by an abnormal 75Se-labelled homocholic acid-taurine (75SeHCAT) test is associated with diarrhoea, but the mechanisms and cause-and-effect relations are unclear. Objectives: Primarily, to determine whether there is a reduced active bile acid uptake in the terminal ileum in patients with bile acid malabsorption. Secondarily, to study the linkage between bile acid malabsorption and hepatic bile acid synthesis. Methods: Ileal biopsies were taken from patients with diarrhoea and from controls with normal bowel habits. Maximal active bile acid uptake was assessed in ileal biopsies using a previously validated technique based on uptake of 14C-labelled taurocholate. To monitor the hepatic synthesis, 7[alpha]-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one, a bile acid precursor, was assayed in blood. The 75SeHCAT-retention test was used to diagnose bile acid malabsorption. Results: The taurocholate uptake in specimens from diarrhoea patients was higher compared with the controls [median, 7.7 (n=53) vs 6.1 [mu]mol/g per min (n=17)] (P<0.01) but no difference was seen between those with bile acid malabsorption (n=18) versus diarrhoea with a normal 75SeHCAT test (n=23). The 75SeHCAT values and 7[alpha]-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one were inversely correlated. Conclusions: The data do not support bile acid malabsorption being due to a reduced active bile acid uptake capacity in the terminal ileum. (C) 2006 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
  •  
15.
  • Barreto Henriksson, Helena, et al. (författare)
  • Transplantation of human mesenchymal stems cells into intervertebral discs in a xenogeneic porcine model.
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Spine. - 1528-1159. ; 34:2, s. 141-8
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • STUDY DESIGN: Experimental and descriptive study of a xenotransplantation model in minipigs. OBJECTIVE: To study survival and function of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) after transplantation into injured porcine spinal discs, as a model for cell therapy. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Biologic treatment options of the intervertebral disc are suggested for patients with chronic low back pain caused by disc degeneration. METHODS: Three lumbar discs in each of 9 minipigs were injured by aspiration of the nucleus pulposus (NP), 2 weeks later hMSCs were injected in F12 media suspension (cell/med) or with a hydrogel carrier (Puramatrix) (cell/gel). The animals were sacrificed after 1, 3, or 6 months. Disc appearance was visualized by magnetic resonance imaging. Immunohistochemistry methods were used to detect hMSCs by antihuman nuclear antibody staining, and further performed for Collagen II, Aggrecan, and Collagen I. SOX 9, Aggrecan, Versican, Collagen IA, and Collagen IIA and Collagen IIB human mRNA expression was analyzed by real-time PCR. RESULTS: At magnetic resonance imaging all injured discs demonstrated degenerative signs. Cell/gel discs showed fewer changes compared with cell/med discs and only injured discs at later time points. hMSCs were detected in 9 of 10 of the cell/gel discs and in 8 of 9 of the cell/med discs. Immunostaining for Aggrecan and Collagen type II expression were observed in NP after 3 and 6 months in gel/cell discs and colocalized with the antihuman nuclear antibody. mRNA expression of Collagen IIA, Collagen IIB, Versican, Collagen 1A, Aggrecan, and SOX9 were detected in both cell/med and cell/gel discs at the time points 3 and 6 months by real-time PCR. CONCLUSION: hMSCs survive in the porcine disc for at least 6 months and express typical chondrocyte markers suggesting differentiation toward disc-like cells. As in autologous animal models the combination with a three-dimensional-hydrogel carrier seems to facilitate differentiation and survival of MSCs in the disc. Xenotransplantation seems to be valuable in evaluating the possibility for human cell therapy treatment for intervertebral discs.
  •  
16.
  • Benediktsson, Ívar Örn, et al. (författare)
  • Progressive formation of modern drumlins at Múlajökull, Iceland: stratigraphical and morphological evidence
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Boreas. - : Wiley. - 0300-9483 .- 1502-3885. ; 45, s. 567-583
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • © 2016 Collegium Boreas. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd The drumlin field at Múlajökull, Iceland, is considered to be an active field in that partly and fully ice-covered drumlins are being shaped by the current glacier regime. We test the hypothesis that the drumlins form by a combination of erosion and deposition during successive surge cycles. We mapped and measured 143 drumlins and studied their stratigraphy in four exposures. All exposures reveal several till units where the youngest till commonly truncates older tills on the drumlin flanks and proximal slope. Drumlins inside a 1992 moraine are relatively long and narrow whereas drumlins outside the moraine are wider and shorter. A conceptual model suggests that radial crevasses create spatial heterogeneity in normal stress on the bed so that deposition is favoured beneath crevasses and erosion in adjacent areas. Consequently, the crevasse pattern of the glacier controls the location of proto-drumlins. A feedback mechanism leads to continued crevassing and increased sedimentation at the location of the proto-drumlins. The drumlin relief and elongation ratio increases as the glacier erodes the sides and drapes a new till over the landform through successive surges. Our observations of this only known active drumlin field may have implications for the formation and morphological evolution of Pleistocene drumlin fields with similar composition, and our model may be tested on modern drumlins that may become exposed upon future ice retreat.
  •  
17.
  • Björntorp Mark, Elisabeth, 1964, et al. (författare)
  • Expression of genes involved in the regulation of p16 in psoriatic involved skin
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Arch Dermatol Res. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-3696. ; 297:10, s. 459-67
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • It has been suggested that the up-regulation of the tumour suppressor p16 gene and induction of senescence protect the phenotype of psoriatic involved skin from malignant transformation. On the other hand, Id1, which is inversely correlated with p16 has been shown to be up-regulated in psoriatic involved skin. To test the hypothesis that there may be an altered regulation of p16 in psoriatic involved skin, we have measured genes involved in the Igf-1 receptor signalling through the Ras/MAPK cascade. Igf-1R, IGFBP3, hRas, Ets2, JunB, Egr-1, Id1, MIDA1 and p16 gene expressions were measured using quantitative real-time PCR in total RNA isolated from punch biopsies from psoriatic involved (n = 9) and uninvolved skin (n = 9) and from cutaneous squamous cell cancer (SCC) involved (n = 8) and uninvolved skin (n = 8). The IGFBP3, hRas, JunB, Egr-1, Id1 and MIDA1 genes were up-regulated in psoriatic involved skin compared with uninvolved skin. The p16, JunB and MIDA1 genes were up-regulated in SCC involved skin compared with uninvolved skin. Our results indicate that there may be a balance between the proliferation and induction of senescence in psoriasis. This balance may vary and the psoriatic involved skin represented in this study appears to be in a proliferative state rather than senescence. Furthermore, we suggest that the noted up-regulation of JunB, which has been shown to up-regulate p16, in combination with the previously reported elevation of p16 expression in psoriatic involved skin, may indicate activation of a pathway by which JunB may protect the psoriatic plaque by inducing p16 in an event of malignant stress.
  •  
18.
  • Blennow, Kaj, 1958, et al. (författare)
  • No neurochemical evidence of brain injury after blast overpressure by repeated explosions or firing heavy weapons.
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 123, s. 245-51
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Blennow K, Jonsson M, Andreasen N, Rosengren L, Wallin A, Hellström PA, Zetterberg H. No neurochemical evidence of brain injury after blast overpressure by repeated explosions or firing heavy weapons.Acta Neurol Scand: DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2010.01408.x .(c) 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Background - Psychiatric and neurological symptoms are common among soldiers exposed to blast without suffering a direct head injury. It is not known whether such symptoms are direct consequences of blast overpressure. Objective - To examine if repeated detonating explosions or firing if of heavy weapons is associated with neurochemical evidence of brain damage. Materials and methods - Three controlled experimental studies. In the first, army officers were exposed to repeated firing of a FH77B howitzer or a bazooka. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was taken post-exposure to measure biomarkers for brain damage. In the second, officers were exposed for up to 150 blasts by firing a bazooka, and in the third to 100 charges of detonating explosives of 180 dB. Serial serum samples were taken after exposure. Results were compared with a control group consisting of 19 unexposed age-matched healthy volunteers. Results - The CSF biomarkers for neuronal/axonal damage (tau and neurofilament protein), glial cell injury (GFAP and S-100b), blood-brain barrier damage (CSF/serum albumin ratio) and hemorrhages (hemoglobin and bilirubin) and the serum GFAP and S-100b showed normal and stable levels in all exposed officers. Discussion - Repeated exposure to high-impact blast does not result in any neurochemical evidence of brain damage. These findings are of importance for soldiers regularly exposed to high-impact blast when firing artillery shells or other types of heavy weapons.
  •  
19.
  • Dupaul, Gabriel, et al. (författare)
  • Fiberbanks as substrate and feedstock for biological remediation : A practical analytical method development for organic pollutants analysis
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Book of Abstracts. - : ABA Publishing. - 9789189081031
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Fiberbanksfrom the pulp and paper industry are typically contaminated with a wide range ofchlorinated aromatic and aliphatic toxins such as HCB and other chlorinated benzenes, PCB,HCH, DDT, PCDD, PCDF and Chlorophenols. This poses a formidable challenge for theanalyst to develop appropriate analytical methodology for the monitoring of the progress ofremediation.In preparation to this undertaking, an examination of a practical analytical method using oneextraction method, one clean-up and one analysis method for the aforementioned targetcompounds found in the fibrous sediment. This method was performed using acceleratedsolvent extraction (ASE), a modified silica gel column and GC-FID/ECD. Additionally,an assessment of the levels of organic pollutants was conducted,with the purposeofmeasuringthe potential alteration in contaminantswhenfreeze-drying, air-drying andautoclavingpretreatments are applied to the sediment samples, prior to be used as a media forbiological remediation.The results showed that the ASE is a very fast and reliable method of extraction, with yieldscomparableorhigher than the reference Soxhlet extraction method. Theactivatedsilica gelcolumn demonstrated adequate purification of the sediment extract for analysisusingthe twodetectors, FID and ECD, whichwere able to identify the target analytes fromonlyone purifiedextract. The method employed in this study has the potentialto reduceboth processing timeand materialusedfor analytical sample preparation. Lastly, some modifications inconcentrations anddistribution of target analyteswere revealedin thesediments pre-treated byautoclave and air-driedwhencompared withthefreeze-dried sediments, which can helpunderstanding the development of the biological remediation process.
  •  
20.
  •  
21.
  • Haller, Henrik, 1977-, et al. (författare)
  • Application of ecological engineering within the framework for strategic sustainable development for design of appropriate soil bioremediation technologies in marginalized regions
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 172, s. 2415-2424
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study explores a systematic strategy to design appropriate bioremediation projects for marginalized regions that have the potential to contribute to sustainable development in that region. Ecological Engineering (EE) is of particular value for the development of appropriate bioremediation technology for such regions but a stricter planning tool than provided by EE itself, is also needed when the goal of the project goes beyond remediation targets. The Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development (FSSD) applies basic principles for sustainability and includes a stepwise strategic planning mechanism for their application. The inclusion of EE within the FSSD may steer soil bioremediation projects in rural areas in developing countries and sparsely populated regions in industrialized countries towards sustainability. The utility of the approach was tested on two cases of soil pollution in marginalized regions: the Chinandega region in Nicaragua (pesticide polluted agricultural soil) and a former filling station (diesel polluted residual area) in Gäddede, northern Sweden. The study demonstrates how the inclusion of the EE key concepts within the FSSD may increase the utility of EE for strategic sustainable development within the region. No difficulties in terms of conflicting suggestions were found in the proposed integrated approach; the two tools were found to contribute on different aspects to provide support to project management and decision making.
  •  
22.
  • Haller, Henrik, 1977-, et al. (författare)
  • Appropriate technology for soil remediation in tropical low-income countries - a pilot scale test of three different amendments for accelerated biodegradation of diesel fuel in Ultisol
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Cogent Environmental Science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2331-1843. ; 6:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Polluted land in marginalized regions, such as tropical low-incomecountries and sparsely populated regions in industrialised countries, demand specialremediation strategies that are energy-efficient, locally adapted, economicallyviable. Strategies for appropriate bioremediation technology under such circumstancescan be based on locally available resources in combination with in situbioremediation technologies to keep energy and material costs down. A pilot scaleexperiment was set up to test the application of three organic by-products from thelocal industry (whey, pyroligneous acid and compost tea) to enhance the naturalbiodegradation of diesel in ultisol. Biweekly applications of 6 mL whey kg−1 soilsignificantly increased the degradation rate but no positive effect on degradationwas found with any of the other amendments. Tropical climate is favourable forbiodegradation but many tropical soils are rich in clay which can inhibit the bioavailabilityof the pollutant which in turn may be decisive for biodegradation kinetics. If low cost is a crucial factor, our results indicate that whey treatment has the potential to be an appropriate technology for treating petroleum-contaminated soils in tropical regions.
  •  
23.
  • Haller, Henrik, 1977-, et al. (författare)
  • Bioaccumulation and translocation of field-weathered toxaphene and other persistent organic pollutants in three cultivars of amaranth (A. cruentus ‘R127 México’, A. cruentus ‘Don León’ y A. caudatus ‘CAC 48 Perú’) – A field study from former cotton fields in Chinandega, Nicaragua
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Ecological Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-8574 .- 1872-6992. ; 121, s. 65-71
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Soils polluted by persistent organic pollutants threatens habitats for plants and animals as well as basic human needs such as food security and provision of potable water. Toxaphene is a persistent organic pollutant that was heavily used as a pesticide in Central America, Brazil, Soviet Union etc. until it was banned in 1993. The objective of this study was to determine the bioaccumulation and translocation characteristics of three different cultivars of amaranth in soils contaminated with field-weathered toxaphene and other POPs in former cotton fields in Chinandega, Nicaragua to identify safety issues for human consumption and/or potential for phytoremediation. The concentration of toxaphene and other POPs in the edible parts of the amaranth (leaves and seeds) exceeded the maximum residue level for human consumption established by the European Union for most of the tested compounds. Concentrations of toxaphene congeners and other POPs were found in all vegetative organs. Many substances were accumulated to concentrations more than 10 times higher than in the soil. Of the three cultivars, A. caudatus 'CAC48 Perú' and A. cruentus 'Don Leon' presented the highest average BAF. None of the 3 cultivars can be considered a panacea hyperaccumulator for either toxaphene alone or in conjunction with other POPs but since many agricultural soils comprise a range of different contaminants, the broad-spectrum bioaccumulating capacity of amaranth can make it an interesting candidate for phytoremediation.
  •  
24.
  • Haller, Henrik, 1977-, et al. (författare)
  • Governance for Sustainable Remediation of Polluted Soil in Developing Countries
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Sustainability Concept In Developing Countries. - London : IntechOpen.
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Environmental governance is a challenge for many developing countries, and soil pollution is typically overlooked by authorities in the Global South. Soil governance should protect people and environment from the hazards of pollution and promote sustainable remediation of polluted sites through legislation and soil policies that facilitate the use of appropriate technology. Today, however, the soil governance landscape is highly fragmented and often fails to adequately address these concerns. Combining soil remediation with profitable activities (alone or in combination) such as food and fiber production, biomass energy production, erosion control, carbon sequestration, favoring biodiversity, etc. is potentially an appropriate strategy to promote the decontamination of polluted agriculture soil in low-income countries. Many potential pitfalls follow such a strategy but decision support tools may provide insights from the latest scientific remediation findings to stakeholders in their exploration of policy options. This chapter explores challenges and opportunities for sustainable soil governance in developing countries.
  •  
25.
  • Haller, Henrik, 1977-, et al. (författare)
  • Growing food in polluted soils : A review of risks and opportunities associated with combined phytoremediation and food production (CPFP)
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 254
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Innumerable private households and small-scale producers currently operate on polluted soils. Phytoremediation is one of the most cost-effective remediation options but as a stand-alone technology, it is often not lucrative enough to make it appealing for farmers, especially in economically vulnerable regions. Economic incentives are crucial for remediation projects to materialise and synergies can be obtained by integrating phytoremediation with other profitable activities including food production. This review aims to synthesise state-of-the-art scientific data to provide a general understanding of opportunities and risks for sustainable remediation of agricultural soil by the use of combined phytoremediation and food production (CPFP). The results show that strategies based on CPFP may be appropriate options for most pollutants in virtually all climatic or socioeconomic contexts but a number of challenges need to be surpassed. The challenges include remediation-technological issues such as undeveloped post-harvest technology and inadequate soil governance. The need for remediation solutions for polluted fields is increasingly urgent since many farmers currently operate on polluted land and the scarcity of soil resources as the human population continuously increases will inevitably force more farmers to cultivate in contaminated areas. We conclude that, although large scale CPFP has not yet reached technological maturity, appropriate combinations of soil types, plant species/cultivars, and agronomic practices together with thorough monitoring of the pollutants’ pathways can potentially allow for safe food production on polluted soil that restricts the transfer of a number of pollutants to the food chain while the soil pool of pollutants is gradually reduced.
  •  
26.
  •  
27.
  • Haller, Henrik, 1977-, et al. (författare)
  • Phytoremediation of Heavy-Metal-Contaminated Soils : Capacity of Amaranth Plants to Extract Cadmium from Nutrient-Poor, Acidic Substrates
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Challenges. - : MDPI. ; 14:2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Soil pollution is a threat to food security and ecological and human health. Cd is one of the most common pollutants in agricultural soil and, due its human toxicity, one of the most hazardous. Amaranth is a documented hyperaccumulator of Cd and other pollutants, and it is commonly grown in Asia and South America. A considerable amount of amaranth is grown in suboptimal conditions, including nutrient-poor acidic soils. The objective of this experimental study was to examine the capacity of Amaranthus hypochondriacus to extract Cd from a nutrient-poor, acidic substrate that was spiked with different concentrations of Cd (2 and 20 mg kg−1 dw) during a period of 180 days. The plants grown in the substrate that was spiked with 20 mg Cd kg−1 dw did not develop into mature plants, but the plants grown in substrate that was spiked with 2 mg Cd kg−1 dw extracted a significant amount of Cd from the substrate by accumulating it into the above-ground biomass. The Cd levels varied from 113 to 176 mg kg−1 in the stems at the four measuring points, and from 64 to 94 mg kg−1 in the leaves. The concentrations in the plants increased with time and reached a maximal concentration of 176 ± 45 mg kg−1 dw for stems and 94 ± 41 mg kg−1 dw for leaves after 180 days. The mean bioaccumulation factor in the plants was 86 ± 15 after 90 days, 72 ± 12 after 120 days, 105 ± 37 after 150 days, and 99 ± 31 after 180 days, which confirms the previously reported capacity of Amaranthus hypochondriacus to hyperaccumulate Cd. Amaranthus hypochondriacus may, thus, be used to improve ecological and human health by remediating moderately Cd-polluted soils, even in nutrient-poor acidic soils.
  •  
28.
  • Haller, Henrik, 1977-, et al. (författare)
  • Polluted lignocellulose-bearing sediments as a resource for marketable goods—a review of potential technologies for biochemical and thermochemical processing and remediation
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1618-954X .- 1618-9558. ; 25, s. 409-425
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Lignocellulose-bearing sediments are legacies of the previously unregulated wastewater discharge from the pulp and paper industry, causing large quantities of toxic organic waste on the Baltic Sea floor and on the bottom of rivers and lakes. Several km2 are covered with deposits of lignocellulosic residues, typically heavily contaminated with complex mixtures of organic and inorganic pollutants, posing a serious threat to human and ecological health. The high toxicity and the large volume of the polluted material are challenges for remediation endeavours. The lignocellulosic material is also a considerable bioresource with a high energy density, and due to its quantity, it could appeal to commercialization as feedstock for various marketable goods. This study sets out to explore the potential of using this polluted material as a resource for industrial production at the same time as it is detoxified. Information about modern production methods for lignocellulosic material that can be adapted to a polluted feedstock is reviewed. Biochemical methods such as composting, anaerobic digestion, as well as, thermochemical methods, for instance, HTC, HTL, pyrolysis, gasification and torrefaction have been assessed. Potential products from lignocellulose-bearing sediment material include biochar, liquid and gaseous biofuels, growing substrate. The use of a contaminated feedstock may make the process more expensive, but the suggested methods should be seen as an alternative to remediation methods that only involve costs. Several experiments were highlighted that support the conception that combined remediation and generation of marketable goods may be an appropriate way to address polluted lignocellulose-bearing sediments. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] 
  •  
29.
  • Haller, Henrik, 1977-, et al. (författare)
  • Polluted lignocellulose waste as a resource for marketable products
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Proceedings Linnaeus ECO-TECH 2020. - 9789189081031
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Fiberbanks and fiber-rich sediments are legacies of the previously unregulated wastewater discharge from the pulp and paper industry that have accumulated large quantities of toxic organic waste on the Baltic Sea floor and on the bottom of rivers and lakes. Several km2 are covered with deposits of fibrous residues that are, typically, heavily polluted with a number of organic and inorganic substances, posing a serious threat to human and ecological health. High toxicity and the large volume of the polluted material are challenges for remediation endeavors. However, since the fibrous material is a bioresource with a high energy density, the sheer quantity of it could appeal to commercialization as feedstock for various marketable products. This study sets out to explore the potential of using this polluted material as a resource for industrial production, by reviewing and synthesizing data about modern production methods or reuse alternatives for lignocellulose material that can be adapted to a polluted feedstock. Biochemical methods such as composting, anaerobic digestion, as well as, thermochemical methods, for instance, HTC, HTL, pyrolysis, gasification etc. have been assessed. Potential end products from fiber bank material include biochar, liquid and gaseous biofuels, growth media, and fatty acids and proteins produced by white-rot fungi.
  •  
30.
  • Haller, Henrik, 1977- (författare)
  • Soil Remediation and Sustainable Development : Creating Appropriate Solutions for Marginalized Regions
  • 2017
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The scope of this doctoral thesis is appropriate soil remediation methods for marginalized regions that go beyond pollution reduction targets and include strategies to support sustainable development. Contaminated soil from industrial or agricultural activities poses potential health threats to animals and humans and also threatens economic systems by making land unsuitable for agriculture and other economic purposes. Remediation of contaminated sites in marginalized regions such as rural areas in developing countries or sparsely populated regions in industrialized countries, need strategies that meet a different set of criteria compared to urban industrial sites in order to be appropriate. A pilot-scale experimental station was built to assess the feasibility of using organic by-products to enhance the degradation of diesel fuel. It was demonstrated that bioremediation based on the use of readily available organic by-products as amendments or phytoremediation based on locally present plants can be appropriate choices of technology in marginalized regions. Systematic sustainability assessments of the regions local environmental and social context of the contaminated site are necessary to design appropriate bioremediation projects. The inclusion of ecological engineering into the framework for strategic sustainable development, as an integrated planning guide, was demonstrated by two case studies to give valuable input to the strategic process when bioremediation is used as a tool to reach sustainability goals. Results from pilot-scale experiments confirm that whey can significantly increase the degradation rate of diesel fuel, but the slow overall degradation rates due to the high clay content in ultisol (a common tropical soil) could be a considerable constraint for efficient pollutant removal in full scale applications. Results from an experiment in soil cylinders show that the vertical migration of added microorganisms was limited in dense soils. Three species of amaranth tested in the field experiment effectively bioaccumulated toxaphene and other persistent organic pollutants which make them potentially interesting candidates for phytoremediation in the region.
  •  
31.
  • Haller, Henrik, et al. (författare)
  • TURNING WASTE INTO A RESOURCE FOR REMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL IN TROPICAL DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS LINNAEUS ECO-TECH 2012. ; , s. 468-480
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Contaminated soil from industrial or agricultural activities poses a health threat to animals and humans and can also have a detrimental effect on economic systems by making land unsuitable for agriculture and other economic purposes. This problem is of particular concern in tropical developing countries where agriculture is the economic base. Traditional methods for soil remediation are often expensive and energy consuming. In-situ bioremediation has been proposed as a cheaper alternative to conventional methods in areas where remediation would otherwise not be implemented. Despite encouraging results in the laboratory, the practice of in-situ bioremediation is limited, partially due to its inefficiency at low temperatures. The objective of this study is to provide an inventory of some waste products that potentially can be used as amendments for in-situ bioremediation in developing countries in tropical climate. Emphasis has been given to map efficient methods that are appropriate to economically marginalised people in such countries. Waste from livestock operations, crop residues and processing waste constitute the major waste flows in many developing countries. A number of organic by-products can potentially be used to stimulate microbial activity for bioremediation purposes. Three amendments; whey, pyroligneous acid and compost teas were selected to be studied in detail due to their liquid nature and documented capacity to stimulate microorganisms with capacity to degrade pollutants. Experiments are needed to determine their potential for in-situ bioremediation in developing countries in tropical climate.
  •  
32.
  • Ingolfsson, Olafur, et al. (författare)
  • Glacial geological studies of surge-type glaciers in Iceland — Research
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Earth-Science Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-8252. ; 152, s. 37-69
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Surging glaciers are potential analogues for land-terminating palaeo-ice streams and surging ice sheet lobes, and research on surge-type glaciers is important for understanding the causal mechanisms of modern and past ice sheet instabilities. The geomorphic signatures left by the Icelandic surge-type glaciers vary and range from glaciotectonic end moraines formed by folding and thrusting, crevasse-squeeze ridges, concertina eskers, drumlins and fluted forefields, to extensive dead-ice fields and even drift sheets where fast ice-flow indicators are largely missing. We outline some outstanding research questions and review case studies from the surge-type outlets of Brúarjökull, Eyjabakkajökull and Tungnaárjökull (Vatnajökull ice cap), Múlajökull and Sátujökull (Hofsjökull ice cap), Hagafellsjökull and Suðurjökull (Langjökull ice cap), Kaldalónsjökull, Leirufjarðarjökull and Reykjarfjarðarjökull (Drangajökull ice cap), as well as the surge-type cirque glaciers in northern Iceland. We review the current understanding of how rapid ice flow is sustained throughout the surge, the processes that control the development of the surge-type glacier landsystem and the geological evidence of surges found in sediments and landforms. We also examine if it is possible to reconstruct past surge flow rates from glacial landforms and sediments and scale-up present-day surge processes, landforms and landsystems as modern analogues to past ice streams. Finally,we also examine if there is a climate/mass-balance control on surge initiation, duration and frequency.
  •  
33.
  • Iraguha, Gasore, et al. (författare)
  • Using an integrated planning guide for the selection and design of a multi-process strategy for bioremediation of toxaphene and heavy metal contaminated soil in a tropical region
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the Linnaeus Eco-Tech Conference on Natural Sciences and Technologies for Waste and Wastewater Treatment, Remediation, Emissions related to Climate, Environmental, and Economic Effects.. - : Linnaeus University. - 9789188357410
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The application of pesticides and inappropriate soil management during intensive cotton farming in Chinandega, Nicaragua has left the soil with high residues of toxaphene and potentially several toxic metalloids and heavy metals from the overuse of mineral fertilizers. Most effective remediation approaches are relatively expensive and use technologies that are energy-intensive and hence not applicable in regions with low economic incentives for remediation. The selection of appropriate and low-cost approaches for soil remediation requires a structured and systematic process to ensure reliable outcomes with low environmental impact. The ideal situation is if such projects could contribute to a sustainable development in the region where the remediation is taking place. An Integrated Planning Guide which includes the key concepts of Ecological Engineering within the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development was used in the identification and design of some applicable and efficient approaches for the clean-up of soil in Chinandega. This resulted in the design of a multi-process bioremediation strategy that meets the sustainability criteria of the Integrated Planning Guide and that has the potential to degrade toxaphene and remediate heavy metals and metalloids in the soil using Jatropha curcas L. for phytoremediation in combination with Bio-augmentation, biochar as a soil amendment, and the use of biochar and alginate as carriers of toxaphene degrading inocula.
  •  
34.
  • Jonsson, Anders, 1954-, et al. (författare)
  • Modelling of E. coli transport in an oligotrophic river in northern Scandinavia
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Ecological Modelling. - : Elsevier. - 0304-3800 .- 1872-7026. ; , s. 145-151
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper presents the development of a model for calculation of Escherichia coli transport in oligotrophic river waters, using temperature dependent inactivation rate for E. coli and flow velocity characteristics of the river and lakes. A total of 209 temperature measurements from 11 years surveillance were used to calculate transport distances until 90% inactivation of the E. coli. Three scenario sets of different site specific values for the first order reference inactivation rate constant k20 (0.145, 0.230 and 0.555 day−1) and temperature coefficient of the rate constant Q10 (2.07, 1.50 and 1.86) were tested in the upper parts of river Indalsälven, in northern Scandinavia. The first and third parameter sets represented respectively pristine water and lake water while the second setting was considered most representative of river Indalsälven. All three scenarios demonstrated considerable transport distances of E. coli with a clear and structured seasonal variation. The longest transport distances observed during late winter and spring are caused by a combination of low water temperature and high water velocity. The results have implications for water management decisions within the watersheds of oligotrophic rivers in cold and temperate climate.
  •  
35.
  • Jonsson, Anders P, 1954- (författare)
  • Entropy, Free Energy and the Creation of Order out of Chaos
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Society’s steering systems – a Friend book to Inga Carlman<em> </em>. - Östersund : Avdelingen för Ekoteknik och Hålbart Byggande. - 9789188025975 ; , s. 57-73
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
  •  
36.
  •  
37.
  • Jonsson, Anders, 1954-, et al. (författare)
  • The effects of carbon sources and micronutrients in whey and fermented whey on the kinetics of phenanthrene biodegradation in diesel contaminated soil
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Journal of Hazardous Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3894 .- 1873-3336. ; 192:3, s. 1171-1177
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper demonstrates significant effects on phenanthrene degradation in diesel contaminated soil by the addition of organic amendments such as whey and fermented whey. Both amount of amendment added and mode of administration was shown to be decisive. There was a strong positive effect on the 14C-mineralization of phenanthrene by multiple (bi-weekly) additions of fermented whey 210mgdwkg-1 soil dw (FW multi) and also by single dose addition of 2100mg dw sweet whey kg-1 soil dw (SW high). The most prominent effects on phenanthrene degradation kinetics were a five to fifteen fold increase in the linear growth term (k2) and a 23-27% increase in bioavailability factor S0 for SW high and FW multi respectively. Also, total mineralization at the end of the experiment increased from 46% in the control to 66 and 71% respectively and the lag time was reduced from 21 to 15 days by multiple addition of fermented whey. The most significant stimulating effects on phenanthrene degradation kinetics could be attributed to lactate and vitamins. This study demonstrates a more complex dependence of carbon sources and growth factors for an aromatic compound such as phenanthrene in comparison to hexadecane.
  •  
38.
  • Jonsson, Michael, 1955, et al. (författare)
  • Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of white matter lesions - cross-sectional results from the LADIS study.
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: European journal of neurology. - : Wiley. - 1468-1331 .- 1351-5101. ; 17:3, s. 377-382
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background and purpose: White matter lesions (WMLs) caused by small vessel disease are common in elderly people and contribute to cognitive impairment. There are no established biochemical markers for WMLs. We aimed to study the relation between degree of WMLs rated on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of structural biomarkers associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and subcortical vascular dementia. Methods: Fifty-three non-demented elderly individuals with WMLs were subjected to lumbar puncture. Degree of WMLs was rated using the Fazekas scale. Volumetric assessment of WMLs was performed. CSF samples were analyzed for the 40 and 42 amino acid fragments of amyloid beta, alpha- and beta-cleaved soluble amyloid precursor protein, total tau (T-tau), hyperphosphorylated tau (P-tau(181)), neurofilament light protein (NFL), sulfatide and CSF/Serum-albumin ratio. Results: Fifteen subjects had mild, 23 had moderate and 15 had severe degree of WMLs. CSF-NFL levels differed between the groups (P < 0.001) and correlated with the volume of WMLs (r = 0.477, P < 0.001). CSF sulfatide concentration displayed similar changes but less strongly. T-tau, P-tau(181) and the different amyloid markers as well as CSF/S-albumin ratio did not differ significantly between the groups. Conclusions: The association of increased CSF-NFL levels with increasing severity of WMLs in non-demented subjects suggests that NFL is a marker for axonal damage in response to small vessel disease in the brain. This manifestation may be distinct from or earlier than the neurodegenerative process seen in AD, as reflected by the lack of association between WMLs and AD biomarkers.
  •  
39.
  •  
40.
  • Jónsson, Sverrir Aðalsteinn, et al. (författare)
  • The drumlin field and the geomorphology of the Múlajökull surge-type glacier, central Iceland
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Geomorphology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-555X .- 1872-695X. ; 207, s. 213-220
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Here we present a new geomorphological map of the active drumlin field and the forefield of Múlajökull, a surge-type outlet glacier, Iceland. The map is based on aerial photographs taken in 1995 and LiDAR data recorded in 2008. Mapping was done using ArcGIS 10 software on orthorectified imagery, LiDAR data and digital elevation models. The mapped landforms were initially identified on the aerial imagery and LiDAR and then ground-checked in the field. We mapped subglacial, supraglacial, ice-marginal, periglacial, and glaciofluvial landforms. The geomorphology of the Múlajökull forefield is similar to that of the forefields of other surge-type glaciers in Iceland: with a highly streamlined forefield, crevasse-fill ridges, and series of glaciotectonic end moraines. However, the large number (i.e., 110) of drumlins forming the drumlin field is unique for modern Icelandic surge-type glaciers and, as yet, unique for contemporary glaciers in general. Also apparent is that the drumlins are wider and shorter in the distal part of the drumlin field and narrower and longer in the proximal part. Hence, the mapping reveals a development of the drumlins toward a more streamlined shape of the proximal landforms that have experienced more surges. The drumlins in the drumlin field are active, i.e., they form during the modern surges of Múlajökull.
  •  
41.
  • Jonsson, Sverrir, et al. (författare)
  • THE MÚLAJÖKULL DRUMLIN FIELD - SEDIMENTOLOGY AND GEOMORPHOLOGY
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Geological Society of America abstracts with programs Minneapolis 2011.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The drumlin field in front of Múlajökull, a surge-style, outlet glacier from Hofsjökull in Iceland, is the only known active drumlin field (Johnson et al., 2010). The aim of this study is to further explore the formation of drumlins in a modern glacial environment. We use data from geological sections, DEMs, aerial imagery and field mapping. Here we present preliminary results from section logging and geomorphological mapping in the summer of 2011. Geomorphological mapping of the drumlin field both with DEMs and ground proofing has revealed over 100 drumlins and a number of drumlinized ridges. The drumlins furthest from the present ice margin appear broader and have lower relief than those closer to the ice. We suggest that this reflects an evolution of the drumlin form during recurrent surging. The drumlins farther away from the ice have experienced fewer surges than those that have just been uncovered due to retreat of the ice margin. During successive surges, the drumlins become narrower and develop higher relief. In one section close to the present ice margin, we identified at least 9 till beds in the crest of a drumlin, each likely the product of a surge, representing approximately 1/3 of the drumlin relief. The top till bed parallels the drumlin form and truncates the older tills. The older units also dip parallel to the drumlin form, but at a slightly lower angle. We believe that this represents an earlier, broader shape of the drumlin prior to the more recent surges, implying an evolution of form similar to that seen in the evolution in form in the drumlin field. The Múlajökull drumlins have thus grown during surging by erosion on the proximal end and sides of the drumlin followed by accretion of till sheets concentrically on the resulting form.
  •  
42.
  • Karlsson, Camilla, 1977, et al. (författare)
  • Notch and HES5 are regulated during human cartilage differentiation.
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Cell and tissue research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0302-766X .- 1432-0878. ; 327:3, s. 539-51
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The molecular mechanisms of cartilage differentiation are poorly understood. In a variety of tissues other than cartilage, members of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors have been demonstrated to play critical roles in differentiation. We have characterized the human bHLH gene HES5 and investigated its role during chondrogenesis. Blockage of the Notch signaling pathway with a gamma-secretase inhibitor has demonstrated that the human HES5 gene is a downstream marker of Notch signaling in articular chondrocytes. Markers for the Notch signaling pathway significantly decrease during cartilage differentiation in vitro. Cell proliferation assayed by using BrdU has revealed that blockage of Notch signaling is associated with significantly decreased proliferation. Northern blot and reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction of a panel of various tissues have shown that HES5 is transcribed as a 5.4-kb mRNA that is ubiquitously expressed in diverse fetal and adult tissues. Articular cartilage from HES5(-/-) and wild-type mice has been analyzed by using various histological stains. No differences have been detected between the wild-type and HES5(-/-) mice. Our data thus indicate that the human HES5 gene is coupled to the Notch receptor family, that expression of Notch markers (including HES5) decreases during cartilage differentiation, and that the blockage of Notch signaling is associated with significantly decreased cell proliferation.
  •  
43.
  • Kåresdotter, Elisie, et al. (författare)
  • Modeling the Carbon Sequestration Potential of Multifunctional Agroforestry-Based Phytoremediation (MAP) Systems in Chinandega, Nicaragua
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 14:9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Global sustainability challenges associated with increasing resource demands from a growing population call for resource-efficient land-use strategies that address multiple sustainability issues. Multifunctional agroforestry-based phytoremediation (MAP) is one such strategy that can simultaneously capture carbon, decontaminate soils, and provide diverse incomes for local farmers. Chinandega, Nicaragua, is a densely populated agricultural region with heavily polluted soils. Four different MAP systems scenarios relevant to Chinandega were created and carbon sequestration potentials were calculated using CO2FIX. All scenarios showed the potential to store significantly more carbon than conventional farming practices, ranging from 2.5 to 8.0 Mg CO2eq ha−1 yr−1. Overall, carbon sequestration in crops is relatively small, but results in increased soil organic carbon (SOC), especially in perennials, and the combination of crops and trees provide higher carbon sequestration rates than monoculture. Changes in SOC are crucial for long-term carbon sequestration, here ranging between 0.4 and 0.9 Mg C ha−1 yr−1, with the most given in scenario 4, an alley cropping system with pollarded trees with prunings used as green mulch. The adoption rate of multifunctional strategies providing both commodity and non-commodity outputs, such as carbon sequestration, would likely increase if phytoremediation is included. Well-designed MAP systems could help reduce land-use conflicts, provide healthier soil, act as climate change mitigation, and have positive impacts on local health and economies. 
  •  
44.
  • Lundberg, L, et al. (författare)
  • Weak and strong points in training of prehospital command and control. Are results possible to measure?
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: International Review of the Armed Forces Medical Services / Revue internationale des services de santé des forces armées. - Paris, France : International Committee of Military Medicine. - 0259-8582. ; 81:3, s. 131-134
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Dans l'évaluation des entraînements et des exercices militaires, les points faibles sont souvent exprimés en termes généraux. C'est pourquoi il est difficile de savoir précisément ce qui nécessite une amélioration. Les leçons qui devraient en être tirées ont rarement été observées. Il est nécessaire d'avoir une approche méthodique et quantitative de ce problème et des outils sont maintenant disponibles. Les indicateurs de performance ont déjà été testés sur un exercice militaire, et se sont avérés applicables. La présente étude s'est intéressée de plus près à ces indicateurs de performance. Les critères mis en place pour les usages civils devraient pouvoir être utilisés dans dix cas sur onze. L'indicateur de performance où l'objectif n'est le plus souvent pas atteint est de pouvoir évacuer le premier patient en moins de 15 minutes. Le prochain pas est d'appliquer ces indicateurs à l'entraînement militaire de base, aux entraînements officiels de préparation aux missions ainsi qu'aux exercices réalisés dans la zone de mission.
  •  
45.
  • Maes, Sharon, Dr. 1990-, et al. (författare)
  • Airborne monitoring of water quality in remote regions
  • 2023
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) points out alpine regions worldwide as climate change hotspots. Expanding and diversifying summer tourism in northern Scandinavian mountains exerts additional severe pressure to these areas and their oligotrophic and sensitive aquatic ecosystems. Previous research at Mid Sweden University has shown that fecal contamination of mountain rivers, indicated by the enumeration of E. coli, is frequent in areas that are intensively being used for tourism and reindeer herding. According to the IPCC, climate change is projected to reduce raw water quality, posing risks to drinking water quality even with conventional treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for improved monitoring of water quality in such areas to be able to protect the ecosystem as well as the rights of indigenous people, human and animal health and to provide support for water management decision. To be able to monitor the water quality is of great importance for the sustainability of mountain regions and water sources in general. The inaccessibility of the watercourses in remote mountain areas makes it difficult to establish sufficient monitoring programs.In this research, the use of airborne monitoring systems to assess water quality in remote regions is investigated. Remote monitoring systems based on e.g. drones and satellites have the potential to replace less climate friendly options making use of terrain vehicles, snow mobiles and helicopters. The drones can be equipped with various sensors or sampling equipment, can overcome long transportations as well as time-consuming and expensive field samplings. Drones have great potential to be employed in everyday practices as an essential part of decision support systems for monitoring, evaluation and remediation of contaminated sites. The goal is to use drones to establish water quality monitoring programs in remote regions such as the mountain areas of Northern Sweden. In this research we intend to cover the catchment area of upper parts of river Indalsälven situated in the mountain region on the Swedish/Norwegian border, including the catchment areas of the tributaries Handölan and Enan covering approximately 777km2.One approach in this research is to image large areas of interest by the use of a multispectral camera on a drone and to identify spectral bands or band ratio´s which correlate to physicochemical parameters that are related to water quality. Another approach is to further explore the use of dronebased water sampling for laboratory or in-field analysis of microbial and chemical parameters.Both approaches should eventually lead to the development of a drone-based monitoring program for oligotrophic rivers that can image or measure water pollution with sufficient spatial coverage and time resolution to enable early warning of outbreaks of fecal pollution. Results of this research will contribute to SDG 6, targets 3 and 6 and SDG 14. 
  •  
46.
  • Maes, Sharon, Dr. 1990-, et al. (författare)
  • Fecal indicator organisms in northern oligotrophic rivers : An explorative study on Escherichia coli prevalence in a mountain region with intense tourism and reindeer herding
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Environmental Monitoring & Assessment. - : Springer Nature. - 0167-6369 .- 1573-2959. ; 194:4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Increasing pollution levels in waters from remote mountain areas in northern Sweden have been observed. To support a sustainable water quality management, it is necessary to know which environmental and antrophogenic factors influence the water quality. The purpose of this study was to map the Escherichia coli prevalence in the catchment area of the upper part of a large northern Scandinavian river and investigate the controlling factors of microbial contamination. A total of 112 water samples were collected from various locations in the research area between July 2020 and December 2020. These samples were analyzed for microbial and chemical characteristics, and information about tourism and reindeer herding was compiled. Additionally, microbial and physicochemical water characteristics collected by Indalsälven Water Conservation Association (IWCA, 1993–2020) and Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI, 2004–2020) were analyzed. The results showed that E. coli enumerations ranged between 0 and 500 CFU/100 ml. There was generally no obvious relation between suspected point sources, e.g., sewage treatment plants at mountain stations, and E. coli levels at downstream sampling points. Principal component analysis showed that E. coli was correlated to coliforms, total heterotrophic count, river discharge, CODMn and river color. Since microbial analyses are time-consuming, expensive and difficult to perform in remote areas, it is important to find more easily extracted water parameters that can serve as a proxy for E. coli. In particular, river color and discharge are promising parameters that may serve as an early indication of bacterial outbreak and fecal contamination in mountain waters.
  •  
47.
  • Maes, Sharon, et al. (författare)
  • Monitoring Tools For Sustainable Water Management In Mountain Areas
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: 2022: Book of abstracts: Linnaeus ECO-TECH '22. - Kalmar. - 9789189460850
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The naturally oligotrophic rivers in Northern Sweden are generally characterized by a low pollution level. However, an increasing trend in E. coli contamination has been observed in the most upstream catchment area of one of the large rivers of Norhtern Sweden. This decrease in microbial water quality will have a severe negative impact on the ecosystem, wild animals, visitors, inhabitants as well as indigenous people dependent on the land for their daily income, such as Sami herders. The source area of river Indalsälven is part of a very remote, mountainous region with few roads, which makes it challenging to conduct regular water quality monitoring covering the whole area of ±780km2. The aim is to evaluate and implement monitoring tools that are more environmentally friendly and faster than the currently applied methods which can be implemented as an early warning system for fecal contamination in remote mountain areas. Currently, the presence of fecal contamination in Indalsälven´s catchment area is assessed by strategic river-side water sampling, followed by long transport times and laboratory analysis of fecal indicator organisms such as E. coli. The use of drones for water sampling could significantly increase the accessibility and coverage of the research area. Also, analysis time can drastically decrease by doing field analysis of the water samples, e.g. by performing a field-PCR for the detection and quantification of E. coli. On the other hand, the monitoring of proxies for fecal contamination can also be a promising approach for continuous monitoring and the development of an early warning system. Our previous research has shown that river flow rate and river color are potential parameters for this. Continuous measurement of these parameters at well-chosen locations or remote imaging by drones over the whole research area are proposed to investigate this track.
  •  
48.
  • Maes, Sharon, et al. (författare)
  • Source Tracking of Fecal Contamination in Northern Oligotrophic Rivers
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS of the 28th Annual Conference, International Sustainable Development Research Society. - Stockholm. - 9789189504172
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The naturally oligotrophic rivers in northern Sweden are generally characterized by a low pollution level. However, an increasing trend in E. coli contamination has been observed in the most upstream catchment area of one of the large rivers of Norhtern Sweden. This change in microbial water quality will have a severe negative impact on the ecosystem, wild animals, visitors, inhabitants as well as indigenous people dependent on the land for their daily income, such as Sami herders. To limit or prevent the discharge of fecal pollution into the river system and also to estimate the danger that this contamination can pose to human health, it is important to know the source of this contamination. Based solely on structured water sampling, it is still very difficult to pinpoint the sources of fecal pollution. Therefore, a combined analysis of eDNA and microbial source tracking of E. coli isolates from river samples was performed to identify the source of fecal pollution in the research area. E. coli isolates were collected from water samples taken along the tributaries Enan and Handölan. Simultaneously, eDNA samples were collected on the same locations. Additionally, fecal and sewage samples were taken to collect E. coli isolates with a known host source being either human, beaver or reindeer. Also, sequences from genomic E. coli DNA originating from human (obtained from NCBI and University of Alberta, School of Public Health) and from beaver (obtained from University of Alberta, School of Public Health) were collected and included in the study. E. coli isolates were used for the amplification of three Intergenic Regions and subsequent analysis of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms to identify host-specific genetic markers in the E. coli genome. eDNA samples were subjected to metabarcoding targeting mammal DNA to determine the relative species abundance in the water samples. The E. coli prevalence in the research area varies between <1 and 210 CFU/100mL and is dependent on e.g. sampling location (possible point sources), time (tourist intensity and area specific events such as reindeer calve marking) and weather (precipitation, river flow, UV radiation). A library containing the data from E. coli isolates that are known to be originating from the species human, beaver and reindeer was developed and used to identify the host source of the E. coli isolates collected from water samples. Consequently, E. coli isolates could be identified as originating from human, beaver, reindeer or a different mammal species. Results from the eDNA analysis provides information about the relative abundance of mammal species on a certain location. Although these results don´t provide a direct link to the presence or absence of fecal pollution by these species, it can provide interesting knowledge about the source of fecal pollution when combined with the E. coli prevalence data from the same sampling locations and times.
  •  
49.
  • Niero, Luisa, et al. (författare)
  • The effect of pH, temperature, and inoculum on the fermentation of pulp and paper biosludge: increasing the nutrient availability for rearing of black soldier fly larvae
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery. - : Springer Nature. - 2190-6815 .- 2190-6823. ; 13:18, s. 16685-16693
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Pulp and paper production is one of the largest global industries producing annually 400 million metric tons of pulp and paper products and 6 million tons of pulp and paper biosludge (PPBS). From a resource efficiency and sustainability perspective, there is a need for improving PPBS management. This study assessed fermentation of PPBS as pretreatment to improve PPBS feasibility as feed for black soldier fly larvae. The impact of temperature, pH, and inoculum on the concentration of soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) was assessed. An initial pH of 10 and the addition of inoculum from an anaerobic digester substantially increased the concentration of sCOD. The obtained concentration of VFA was low compared to the VFA concentration needed to improve the growth of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL). The PPBS is recalcitrant to fermentation because of the high content of lignocellulose. Fermentation as done in this study does not convert PPBS to a feasible feed for black soldier fly larvae; thus, further research on improved fermentation is needed. However, fermentation at alkaline pH and addition of inoculum do increase the final pH of PPBS which improves its feasibility as feed for BSFL. Future studies should explore pH > 10 and temperatures > 55 °C to increase sCOD and improving generation of VFA by removal of inhibiting substances, testing other types of inoculum (rumen microorganisms) and co-fermentation.
  •  
50.
  • Norgren, Robert, et al. (författare)
  • Bio-sludge from the pulp and paper industry as feed for black soldier fly larvae : A study of critical factors for growth and survival
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Waste and Biomass Valorization. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1877-2641 .- 1877-265X. ; 11, s. 5679-5685
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Pulp and paper bio-sludge (PPBS) has low economic value and is therefore often composted or incinerated. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of using PPBS to breed black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae (BSFL), so improving resource efficiency and supplying protein and fat to the animal feed market. BSFL were reared on PPBS in a climate chamber on a laboratory scale in order to assess nutrient deficiency, inhibition and whether the BSFL recycle the PPBS well or not. The PPBS used came from a chemi-thermomechanical pulp/groundwood pulp mill. The effect of supplementing nutrient solution added either into the PPBS or as a free liquid surface were studied. Prepupae dry weight, survival rate until prepupae stage and residual dry PPBS were measured. The addition of reference diet leachate into the PPBS did not have a significant impact on the weight of the prepupae (2.0 mg) but the survival rate was significantly higher (16.0 %). On the other hand, the addition of reference diet leachate as a free liquid surface had a significant impact on both the weight of the prepupae (4.8 mg) and the survival rate (25.7 %). The bio – conversion and PPBS – reduction was as best 0.4 % and 3.2 % respectively. This study has proven that the nutrients in PPBS are not readily available to the larvae. Addition of reference diet leachate increase the survival rate which opens up for possibilities of co-digestion. However, it is clear that under the tested conditions, BSFL is not recycling PPBS well and BSFL as a method for recycling of PPBS need further research.
  •  
Skapa referenser, mejla, bekava och länka
  • Resultat 1-50 av 62
Typ av publikation
tidskriftsartikel (41)
konferensbidrag (16)
doktorsavhandling (3)
bokkapitel (2)
Typ av innehåll
refereegranskat (49)
övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt (13)
Författare/redaktör
Jonsson, Anders, 195 ... (30)
Lindahl, Anders, 195 ... (17)
Jonsson, Marianne, 1 ... (17)
Haller, Henrik, 1977 ... (14)
Asp, Julia, 1973 (13)
Jeppsson, Anders, 19 ... (12)
visa fler...
Dellgren, Göran, 196 ... (9)
Sandstedt, Joakim (8)
Vukusic, Kristina, 1 ... (6)
Blennow, Kaj, 1958 (5)
Wallin, Anders, 1950 (5)
Rosengren, Lars, 195 ... (5)
Odlare, Monica (5)
Ingólfsson, Ólafur (5)
Schomacker, Anders (5)
Johnson, Mark D., 19 ... (5)
Benediktsson, Ivar Ö ... (5)
Jonsson, Michael, 19 ... (5)
Zetterberg, Henrik, ... (4)
Hedenström, Erik, 19 ... (4)
Sandstedt, Mikael, 1 ... (4)
Holm, Svante (3)
Brantsing, Camilla (3)
Edman, Åke (3)
Dupaul, Gabriel (3)
Paladino, Gabriela (3)
Gamage, Shiromini (3)
Flores-Carmenate, Gi ... (3)
Haller, Henrik (3)
Maes, Sharon, Dr. 19 ... (3)
Sartipy, Peter (2)
Steel, Daniella (2)
Dahlenborg, Kerstin (2)
Fröling, Morgan (2)
Synnergren, Jane (2)
Barreto Henriksson, ... (2)
Hagman, Margret (2)
Jónsson, Sverrir A. (2)
Lind, Karin, 1952 (2)
Björkqvist, Olof, 19 ... (2)
Björntorp Mark, Elis ... (2)
Rasulzada, Abdullah (2)
Popa, Cornel, 1980 (2)
Eivazihollagh, Alire ... (2)
Dyer, Mark (2)
Lacayo Romero, Marth ... (2)
Pronoza, Lesya (2)
Hietala, Max Albert, ... (2)
Kajic, Kristina, 197 ... (2)
Jonsson, Sverrir (2)
visa färre...
Lärosäte
Mittuniversitetet (32)
Göteborgs universitet (28)
Karolinska Institutet (4)
Stockholms universitet (2)
Linköpings universitet (2)
Högskolan i Skövde (2)
visa fler...
Luleå tekniska universitet (1)
Lunds universitet (1)
visa färre...
Språk
Engelska (62)
Forskningsämne (UKÄ/SCB)
Naturvetenskap (40)
Medicin och hälsovetenskap (23)
Teknik (3)

År

Kungliga biblioteket hanterar dina personuppgifter i enlighet med EU:s dataskyddsförordning (2018), GDPR. Läs mer om hur det funkar här.
Så här hanterar KB dina uppgifter vid användning av denna tjänst.

 
pil uppåt Stäng

Kopiera och spara länken för att återkomma till aktuell vy