| 1. |
- Berglin Blohm, Marianne, et al.
(author)
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A media campaign aiming at reducing delay times and increasing the use of ambulance in AMI.
- 1994
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In: The American journal of emergency medicine. - : W.B. Saunders Co.. - 0735-6757 .- 1532-8171. ; 12:3, s. 315-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To improve the prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) if treatment by early instituting treatment, we initiated a media campaign during 1 year with the intention to reduce delay times and increase ambulance use in patients with acute chest pain. This article describes the outcome during 3 years after the campaign was finished. The median delay time in patients with AMI was reduced from 3 hours 0 min before the campaign to 2 hours 20 minutes during the year of the campaign (P < .001). The median delay time remained at a similar level (2 hours 20 min) during the 3 years after the campaign. Ambulance use was not affected during or after the campaign. It can be concluded that a media campaign resulted in a reduction of delay times not only during the campaign, but also during 3 years after its performance, whereas ambulance use was not affected.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Herlitz, Johan, 1949, et al.
(author)
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The cost-benefit balance of coronary artery bypass grafting: need for hospitalization during the two years before and the two years after.
- 1996
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In: The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0171-6425 .- 1439-1902. ; 44:5, s. 239-44
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To derive and compare the need for hospitalization during 2 years prior to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and 2 years after, all the patients from western Sweden in whom CABG without simultaneous valve surgery was performed between June 1988 and June 1991 were evaluated. Hospitalization prior to and after surgery was derived via questionnaires sent to the patients and via data from their hospital medical record forms. In all, 2099 patients were studied. The mean total number of days in hospital was 16 during the 2 years before and 24 including surgery and postoperative complications during the 2 years after the operation (p < 0.001). When the days for operation and postoperative complications were excluded, the mean number of days after operation was 7 (p < 0.001). Hospitalization due to myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and other investigations for heart disease were significantly reduced after CABG. On the other hand, hospitalization due to chest pain with causes other than ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, arrhythmias, and reoperation was more frequent during the 2 years after surgery. The total number of days in hospital was higher during the 2 years after CABG than during the 2 years before, despite the fact that hospitalization due to ischemic events was significantly reduced after the operation.
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| 7. |
- Strömberg, Helena, 1985, et al.
(author)
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A future without drivers? Comparing users', urban planners' and developers' assumptions, hopes, and concerns about autonomous vehicles
- 2021
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In: European Transport Research Review. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1867-0717 .- 1866-8887. ; 13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: This study identifies and compares perceptions of autonomous vehicle (AV) implementation among three Swedish stakeholder groups: Future Users, Urban Planners, and Developers. Method: Semi-structured comparative focus groups were conducted separately with each of the three groups of stakeholders and the transcripts were analysed in broad themes using thematic analysis. Results: Assumptions, hopes, concerns, and direction of development were the main themes that emerged from the analysis. Assumptions included electrification of vehicles, changes in travel demand, and the need for regulations; Hopes included the idea that AVs will contribute to a more accessible and safer transport system; Concerns included overtrust in AV technology, a possible detrimental impact on the city in the form of congestion and higher demand for investments in infrastructure that could outcompete other modes of transport; and Direction of development and their own role, where the need for collaboration between stakeholders and implementation of AVs in connection with society’s needs were emphasised. Conclusions: AVs were seen to lead to both positive and negative consequences depending on implementation and the development of society. The study shows that dialogue between different stakeholders is lacking but it is desired for the inclusive implementation of AVs.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Aryana, Bijan, 1980, et al.
(author)
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Designing the S in MaaS: Behind the scenes and beyond the screens
- 2022
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- There is a considerable number of academic as well as non-academic publications on different aspects of Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS). Several studies, with a Stated Preference approach, have investigated e.g. who the potential users of MaaS may be, what modes should be offered and users’ willingness to pay. Other researchers have tried to describe the challenges associated with the development and implementation of MaaS including technical issues, legislation and regulation barriers, lack of appropriate business models, etc. There are also those few who report on results of MaaS pilots and how the service elements influenced the outcome. MaaS is not merely a digital application but a complex service, where several mobility service providers need to collaborate in order to offer a service which “… not only integrates a range of mobility services, both public and private, but also provides one-stop access to all services through a common interface.”. It is therefore surprising that design process per se, or the methodology used have not been the focus for research efforts. Purpose: This study explains a small-scale MaaS development project with the service design process in focus. What process was followed and why? What methods and tools were used? How were stakeholders involved? Etc. Methodology: The scope of study is a local business-to-business MaaS solution designed for employees at multiple organizations (B2B-E), all closely located in an urban area. The design and development of the service were studied from the beginning until final implementation over the course of two years. Data sources include semi-structured interviews with stakeholders, participatory observations of project meetings, and a series of stakeholder workshops reflecting on the MaaS design process. Findings:The results evidence the need for design guidelines for MaaS with a focus on the service aspect, i.e. the S in MaaS. When analysing the process, most stakeholders realized that important steps were missing or completed in the wrong order. Several general service design principles were not fully implemented, for example results show that not all interaction points in the customer journey were considered in the design (designing for these critical points requires alignment between digital and physical touchpoints; employees’ actual trips often differed from those which the service was intended for, and service ownership and allocation of stakeholders’ responsibilities were not altogether clear. The results highlight the wide range of responsibilities of the MaaS provider, such as maintaining MaaS physical and digital infrastructure, ensuring universal provision of information, and negotiating and coordinating regulations and policies between public and private bodies. Implications: To provide MaaS is beyond developing and administrating a mobile app or similar end-user digital touch points. It requires physical infrastructure, such as mobility hubs, unified information design of both physical and digital infrastructure, and understanding of multiple user groups , including (in the specific case) individuals as well as organizations. To do so, service design models and methods tailored for complex services are required. Such methods should address high level design challenges including service ownership, stakeholder responsibilities, and evolving business models.
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| 11. |
- Babapour Chafi, Maral, 1983, et al.
(author)
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Activity Theory. A framework for understanding the interrelations between users and workplace design.
- 2021
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In: A Handbook of Theories on Designing Alignment Between People and the Office Environment. - London : Routledge.
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Activity theory (AT) is a conceptual framework for the study of human activity. From this theoretical perspective, an activity system is the primary unit of analysis and is broken into three analytical components: (i) the subject - the person, group or organisation being studied, (ii) the mediating tools by which the activity is carried out, and (iii) the object that the provides the meaning and purpose for which subjects engage in activities. As the concept of tool mediation is central to the theory, its application in workplace studies has enabled an understanding of the interaction between employees as users, their activities and workplaces as mediating tools. AT has been applied in workplace studies to examine the implications of relocating to flexible offices, offering a holistic and contextual method of discovery that has informed use(r)-centred workplace design. Qualitative and interpretative research is recommended for examining the components of activities and their interdependencies. To this end, contextual inquiries are recommended, with a triangulation of methods such as interviews, observations and walkthroughs to ensure a comprehensive understanding of activity systems. The chapter concludes with a step-by-step guide for conducting workplace studies, using AT as an analytical framework.
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| 12. |
- Babapour Chafi, Maral, 1983, et al.
(author)
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Appropriation of an Activity-based Flexible Office in Daily Work
- 2018
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In: Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies. - 2245-0157. ; 8:S3, s. 71-94
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In recent years, there has been growing interest in collaborative consumption of office environments and thereby implementation of Activity-based Flexible Offices (A-FOs). Relocating to an A-FO introduces a desk-sharing policy as well as a multitude of new workspaces with different speech policies into the employee’s work context. This paper describes how employees appropriate desk-sharing and speech policies in an A-FO. The data were collected over a period of 6 months in a case organization by means of 18 shadowing sessions. The different ways in which employees appropriated the A-FO solution were (i) adopting, experimenting with, or rejecting the desk-sharing policy, and (ii) modes of interaction arising from spatial configuration and redefining speech policies. The discussion outlines the reasons behind appropriation or nonappropriation of the desk-sharing and emergent speech policies. The insights from this study provide support for organizations considering A-FOs to develop strategies for facilitating individuals’ work in these settings.
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| 13. |
- Bergh Alvergren, Victor, 1991, et al.
(author)
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D17.2. Code of Practice for Efficient Eco-driving Support. Deliverable to the EBSF2 project
- 2018
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Based on an extensive literature survey and an analysis of the results from demonstrations of different Green Driving Assistance Systems in Barcelona, Lyon, Madrid, and San Sebastian, the deliverable formulates a Code of Practice for the design of Eco-Driving Assistance Systems. Code of practice here refers to the underlying basis of such systems, namely which information is to be taken into account, the principles for comparison and assessing driver’s performance, when information is presented (on-ride, during breaks, post-ride) and if the system should be complemented by eco-driving training or not.
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| 14. |
- Bergh Alvergren, Victor, 1991, et al.
(author)
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D17.3. Eco-Driving Assistance. Guidelines for Ergonomic Design of Eco-Driving Assistance HMIs
- 2018
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Based on an extensive literature survey and an analysis of the results from EBSF_2 demonstrations of different Green Driving Assistance Systems in Barcelona, Lyon, Madrid, and San Sebastian, this deliverable proposes guidelines for the design of an eco-driving assistance system HMI. In addition to general HMI guidelines, to be applied to the design of all in-vehicle HMIs, the deliverable suggests design guidelines in relation to pre-drive, on-drive, ride-break, and post-ride HMIs, i.e. information presented in the HMI of a driver assistance system at different timeframes. The guidelines concern information content as well as the choice of information modality.
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| 15. |
- Berglin Blohm, Marianne, et al.
(author)
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The possibility of influencing components of hospital delay time within emergency departments among patients with ST-elevation in the initial electrocardiogram.
- 1998
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In: European journal of emergency medicine : official journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Ltd.. - 0969-9546 .- 1473-5695. ; 5:3, s. 289-96
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe the possibility of influencing components of hospital delay time within the emergency department (ED) among patients with ST-elevation on the initial electrocardiogram (ECG). Nurses recorded seven patient time points: (1) ED admission; (2) ECG recording; (3) decision by nurse/ED physician; (4) cardiologist ED arrival; (5) decision of coronary care unit (CCU) admission; (6) ED departure; (7) CCU arrival. After special training in ECG, nurses in the ED were subsequently delegated to send patients directly to the CCU if showing ST-elevation on the admission ECG without contacting either the physician in ED or the cardiologist on call (intervention). Delay times between hospital admission and admission to the CCU were evaluated during the 9 months prior to and during the 6 months after the start of this intervention. Fifty patients (66% men) participated in the first study during 3 months (prior to intervention). Patients with suspected or confirmed acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the ED had a median delay time from ED arrival to CCU arrival of 55.5 minutes (34.5 minutes for patients with confirmed AMI; ST elevation on admission). Time interval from decision to admit to CCU and ED departure was an average of 31% of the total delay. A mean of 21% of total delay occurred between ED decision to cardiologist arrival, and 19% during the time interval from cardiologist ED arrival until decision to CCU admission. Among patients receiving thrombolysis, the median delay time from hospital admission to CCU admission was reduced from 40 minutes during the 9 months prior to start of the intervention (nurses sending patients directly to the CCU) to 22 minutes during the 6 months thereafter (p = 0.02). The largest proportion of hospital delay components for acute coronary syndrome patients occurred between the cardiologist's decision to admit to the CCU and departure from the ED, and the interval following the decision by the nurse or physician to the cardiologist ED arrival. When nurses were delegated to transfer patients with ST-elevation on admission directly to the CCU without contacting a physician, the delay time from ED admission to CCU admission was reduced by nearly 50%.
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| 16. |
- Bligård, Lars-Ola, 1976, et al.
(author)
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Developers as Users: Exploring the Experiences of Using a New Theoretical Method for Usability Assessment
- 2017
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In: Advances in Human-Computer Interaction. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-5907 .- 1687-5893. ; 2017
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is a need for appropriate evaluation methods to efficiently identify and counteract usability issues early in the development process. The aim of this study was to investigate how product developers assessed a new theoretical method for identifying usability problems and use errors. Two cases where the method had been applied were selected and the users of the method in them were asked to fill in a questionnaire and were then interviewed about their experiences of using the method. Overall, the participants (students and professionals) found the methods useful and their outcome trustworthy. At the same time, the methods were assessed as difficult to learn and as cumbersome and tedious to use. Nevertheless, both students and professionals thought that the methods would be useful in future development work. Suggestions for further improvement included provision of further instructions, for example, on how to adapt the methods and development of an IT-support tool.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Brembeck, Helene, 1952, et al.
(author)
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Exploring Children’s foodscapes
- 2010
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In: Proceedings from the 4th International Conference on Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Child and Teen Consumption. June 21-23 2010, Campus Norrköping, Sweden.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 21. |
- Brembeck, Helene, 1952, et al.
(author)
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Exploring children's foodscapes
- 2013
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In: Children's Geographies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1473-3285 .- 1473-3277. ; 11:1, s. 74-88
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article, we discuss children’s becoming as food consumers in the intersection of various foodscapes. We draw from a project, Children as co-researchers of foodscapes, where we have been working with children as co-researchers, using basically ethnographic methods, and as co-designers in a collaborative design effort. This article focuses on the findings from a theoretically inspired perspective, using the concept of foodscapes. These are food-related structures of different kinds, which evolve as the child explores them and where children as food consumers are generated. In this article, we highlight the scapes of taste, routines, people, things, commerce, child (as opposed to adult) and health and give brief accounts of the way the children related to them. Finally, we turn to the benefits of working with foodscapes for a better understanding of children’s becoming as food consumers in the intersection of various foodscapes. This article is based on data gathered by the children, but also on our fieldwork notes and observations following the children in their foodscapes.
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| 22. |
- Brembeck, Helene, 1952, et al.
(author)
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Fika, fiske och föreningsliv
- 2007
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Den mångdimensionella mat konsumenten. Värderingar och beteende hos konsumenter 55+"
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Brembeck, Helene, 1952, et al.
(author)
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Ju mer vi är tillsammans - fyrtiotalisterna och maten
- 2010
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Mappies, Silvverrävar, det grå guldet, jätteproppen Orvar... Det här är en bok om den stora generationsgruppen fyrtiotalisterna och deras matvanor. Mat betyder alltmer när vi blir äldre, matlagning och måltider är dagens fasta hållpunkter och upptar mer tid av vår vardag än då vi arbetar. Mat är också den del av det svenska hushållets konsumtion som kräver mest energi och belastar miljön mest. Även äldre måste därför äta mer resurssnålt och miljövänligt. God mat och god service, hälsa kvalitet, fritt val, vänner, hållbarhet. En ekvation som inte alltid går ihop. Hur vill generationen egentligen ha det med maten och livet i framtiden? Boken bygger på material som insamlats i samband med projektet ”Den mångdimensionella matkonsumenten” , vid Centrum för komsumtionsvetenskap i Göteborg. Här ges en mer fördjupad och helhetlig bild av några grupper 40-talister och om maten i deras liv. Här överbyggs avståndet mellan mediernas oövervinnerliga äventyrare och vård- och omsorgsforskningen bräckliga, sjuka, utsatta människor i behov av vård, omsorg och beskydd. Boken tar oss med på en matresa från 50-talets Sverige fram till idag. Här växer en bild av generationens matminnen, matens sociala betydelse, hälsa och miljötänkande fram. Berättelserna varvas med tidstypiska recept.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Brembeck, Helene, 1952, et al.
(author)
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Vin, växthus och vänskap
- 2005
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In: Miljöforskning för ett uthålligt samhälle. ; :3, s. 19-20
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Bruzelius, Fredrik, 1974-, et al.
(author)
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Realism of overtaking situations in motion based driving simulators
- 2013
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In: Road Safety and Simulation International Conference RSS2012, October 23-25, 2013, Rome, Italy. ; , s. (1-12)
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The credibility of the research results of driving simulator studies is highly dependent on the realism that the simulator is capable of producing. A key component is therefore how realistic the driving is perceived by the drivers (test subjects). Overtaking is a frequently occurring traffic situation (as well as one of the highest risk manoeuvres). The aim of the present study was to enhance the perceived realism of overtaking situations in a motion-based driving simulator by introduce aerodynamic forces and moments. An earlier developed real time model of the aerodynamic forces and moments was been implemented and tested in a study with test drivers.With an appropriate scaling of the forces and torques it was shown that the perceived realism can be enhanced by the introduction of these effects.
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| 30. |
- Bräutigam, Malin, et al.
(author)
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[Primary PTCA or thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction?]. : Primär PTCA eller trombolys vid akut hjärtinfarkt?
- 2001
-
In: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 98:32-33, s. 3392-5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In acute ST-elevation infarction two different reperfusion strategies--thrombolytic medication and acute coronary angiography--have proved to improve the prognosis. The clinical course for patients with ST-elevation infarction is described in relation to whether they received thrombolytic medication or underwent acute coronary angiography with the aim of mechanical revascularization. The one-year mortality was high (20 percent) regardless of treatment strategy. In terms of morbidity there were no clear differences between the two treatment groups.
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| 31. |
- Bång, Angela, et al.
(author)
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Lower mortality after prehospital recognition and treatment followed by fast tracking to coronary care compared with admittance via emergency department in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
- 2008
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In: International journal of cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1874-1754 .- 0167-5273. ; 129:3, s. 325-332
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To describe the short-and long-term outcome among patients with an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), assessed and treated by the emergency medical services (EMS) in relation to whether they were fast tracked to a coronary care unit (CCU) or admitted via the emergency department (ED). METHODS: Consecutive patients admitted to the CCU at Sahlgrenska University Hospital with ST elevations on admission ECG were analysed with respect to whether they by the EMS were fast tracked to the CCU or the adjacent coronary angiography laboratory (direct CCU group; n=261) or admitted via the ED (ED group; n=235). RESULTS: Whereas the two groups were similar with regard to age and previous history, those who were fast tracked to CCU were more frequently than the ED patients diagnosed and treated as STEMI already prior to hospital admission. Reperfusion therapy was more commonly applied in the CCU group compared with the ED group (90% vs 67%; <0.0001). The delay times (median) were shorter in the direct CCU group than in the ED group, with a difference of 10 min from the onset of symptoms to arrival in hospital and 25 min from hospital arrival to the start of reperfusion treatment (primary PCI or in-hospital fibrinolysis). Patients in the direct CCU group had lower 30-day mortality (7.3% vs. 15.3%; p=0.004), as well as late mortality (>30 days to five years) (11.6% vs. 20.6%; p=0.008). CONCLUSION: Among patients transported with ambulance due to STEMI there was a significant association between early recognition and treatment followed by fast tracking to the CCU and long term survival. A higher rate of and a more rapid revascularisation were probably of significant importance for the outcome.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Caidahl, Kenneth, 1949, et al.
(author)
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Homeostatic Chemokines and Prognosisin Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes.
- 2019
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In: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1558-3597 .- 0735-1097. ; 74:6, s. 774-782
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The chemokines CCL19 and CCL21 are up-regulated in atherosclerotic disease and heart failure, and increased circulating levels are found in unstable versus stable coronary artery disease.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of CCL19 and CCL21 in acute coronary syndrome (ACS).CCL19 and CCL21 levels were analyzed in serum obtained from ACS patients (n=1,146) on the first morning after hospital admission. Adjustments were made for GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) score, left ventricular ejection fraction, pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, troponin I, and C-reactive protein levels.The major findings were: 1) those having fourth quartile levels of CCL21 on admission of ACS had a significantly higher long-term (median 98months) risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and myocardial infarction in fully adjusted multivariable models; 2) high CCL21 levels at admission were also independently associated with MACE and cardiovascular mortality during short-time (3months) follow-up; and 3) high CCL19 levels at admission were associated with the development of heart failure.CCL21 levels are independently associated with outcome after ACS and should be further investigated as a promising biomarker in these patients.
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| 34. |
- Caidahl, Kenneth, 1949, et al.
(author)
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IgM-phosphorylcholine autoantibodies and outcome in acute coronary syndromes.
- 2012
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In: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 167:2, s. 464-469
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract BACKGROUND: Antibodies against proinflammatory phosphorylcholine (anti-PC) seem to be protective and reduce morbidity. We sought to determine whether low levels of immunoglobulin-M (IgM) autoantibodies against PC add prognostic information in acute coronary syndromes (ACS). METHODS: IgM anti-PC titers were measured in serum obtained within 24h of admission from 1185 ACS patients (median age 66years, 30% women). We evaluated major acute cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause mortality short- (6months), intermediate- (18months) and long- (72months) terms. RESULTS: Low anti-PC titers were associated with MACE and all-cause mortality at all follow-up times. After adjusting for clinical variables, plasma troponin-I, proBNP and CRP levels, associations remained at all times with MACE, short and intermediate terms also with all-cause mortality. With anti-PC titers below median, adjusted hazard ratios at 18months were for MACE 1.79 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31 to 2.44; p=0.0002) and for all-cause mortality 2.28 (95% CI: 1.32 to 3.92; p=0.003). Anti-PC and plasma CRP were unrelated and added to risk prediction. CONCLUSIONS: Serum IgM anti-PC titers provide prognostic information above traditional risk factors in ACS. The ease of measurement and potential therapeutic perspective indicate that it may be a valuable novel biomarker in ACS.
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| 35. |
- Cobaleda Cordero, Antonio, 1985, et al.
(author)
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Design for user experience of control with flexible office environments - explorative user tests with prototypes
- 2023
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In: International Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics. - 2045-7804 .- 2045-7812. ; 10:2, s. 165-186
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The study addresses the prototyping, user testing, re-design, and re-testing of an office furniture concept following a research through design approach. The concept was intended to enable a positive user experience of control over sound stimuli and related distractions in flexible offices. The aims were: (i) to explore design opportunities in relation to experience of control; and (ii) to gain a deeper understaning of how to design for such positive experiences. The results show a limited impact on the experience of control over sound stimuli in the offices where the concept was tested, and a noticeable positive effect on control over privacy, visual distraction, and (to a lesser extent) work tasks. In this sense, the concept was meaningful for the users and opened up new opportunities for control over stimuli in flexible offices. The context, temporality of user experiences, and prototype fidelity were the keys to explaining the results.
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| 36. |
- Cobaleda Cordero, Antonio, 1985, et al.
(author)
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Feel well and do well at work: A post-relocation study on the relationships between employee wellbeing and office landscape
- 2020
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In: Journal of Corporate Real Estate. - 1463-001X .- 1479-1048. ; 22:2 (Special Issue), s. 113-137
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: This paper aims to investigate employee well-being in relation to office landscapes in a post-relocation context. The aims are to identify spatial attributes of the office landscape that influence employee well-being and underlying contextual factors that explain employee well-being post-relocation. Design/methodology/approach: A mixed-method approach was adopted. The data collection involved 16 semi-structured interviews with employees, an interview with the leading architect of the office renovation, study of a dossier on the renovation project and observations. Findings: Most of the informants experienced the new office landscape positively despite few shortcomings. Spatial attributes were identified that influenced the informants' well-being positively in terms of affects, satisfaction, social relations and environmental mastery. Conversely, negative influences on well-being were also reported regarding affects, satisfaction and environmental mastery. Conflicting views on some of the spatial attributes and contextual factors related to the planning process and the former office landscape were identified. Originality/value: The value of this paper lies in investigating the office landscape at the spatial attributes level, despite office type, and their influence on hedonic and eudaimonic components of employee well-being. The research approach adopted proved its usefulness for in-depth studies of the interrelations between office landscapes and employee well-being.
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| 37. |
- Cobaleda Cordero, Antonio, 1985, et al.
(author)
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Flexible office, flexible working? A post-relocation study on how and why university employees use a combi-office for their activities at hand.
- 2020
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In: International Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics. - 2045-7804 .- 2045-7812. ; 7:1, s. 26-54
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study reports on a group of university employees, six months after their relocation from cell-offices into a combi-office. Data from interviews, observations and planning documentation was collected to gain an in-depth understanding of how employees use their office landscape and why. Activity theory was taken as framework for the analysis. The findings show that the new office landscape was perceived to be more flexible and capable of supporting employees’ activities. The overall occupancy was low and backup spaces, such as quiet rooms, were barely used. Matches and mismatches between the employees, their activities and the office were identified that explain the occupancy rates and why spaces such as quiet rooms were unpopular spaces. This paper contributes with rich detail on the use of a flexible office landscape in a university context and shows the usefulness of activity theory in the study of employee-office interactions.
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| 38. |
- Corazza, Maria Vittoria, et al.
(author)
-
More accessible bus stops: Results from the 3iBS research project
- 2017
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In: Proceedings of the AIIT- International Congress on Transport Infrastructure and Systems. - : CRC Press. - 9781138030091 ; , s. 641-649
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Although often perceived as poorly attractive and unreliable, buses are central in the development of sustainable mobility options in urban areas. Therefore, 3iBS - the Intelligent, Innovative, Integrated Bus Systems (a research project funded by the European Commission) promoted the research on a new generation of vehicles and facilities. Specific emphasis was placed on the design of bus stops as crucial elements to improve the quality and accessibility for all of bus services. The paper describes the conflicts to solve and stresses the need of univocal directions to design inclusive bus facilities; specific recommendations for implementing innovations in this field are eventually provided.
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| 39. |
- Dagman, Jessica, 1975, et al.
(author)
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Investigating the haptic aspects of verbalised product experiences
- 2010
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In: International Journal of Design. - 1994-036X .- 1991-3761. ; 4:3, s. 15-27
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The human senses play an important role in people's understanding and experience of products. The overall aim of this explorative study was to further investigate users' haptic product experiences in respect of how they are verbalised and how they relate to visual product experiences. The pilot studies revealed an important result, showing the participants' difficulty in verbalising product experiences. A mediating tool was therefore introduced to trigger the information. The main results of the study are that haptic product experiences appeared to contribute to all experience dimensions, but especially those concerning the dimensions "interface qualities" and "objective/ measurable". The results indicate that the information received from one sense created expectations for experiences through other senses and the information perceived through the second sense was used to confirm or modify anticipated experiences. The less prior knowledge participants had of the particular product, the more important the additional information delivered through the second sense appeared to be. Finally, haptic product experiences appeared to be related to a few haptic product properties, but more systematic studies need to be carried out to confirm these results and to identify the effect of the product properties on the intensity of different haptic product experiences.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Dolins, Sigma, 1985, et al.
(author)
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AVs Have a Sharing Problem: Examining User Acceptance of Shared, Autonomous Public Transport in Sweden
- 2023
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In: IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Proceedings, ITSC. - 2153-0017 .- 2153-0009. ; , s. 6102-6107
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper investigates the acceptance of shared, autonomous vehicles (SAVs) with participants who have been exposed to AV pilots in Sweden, with a specific focus on shared mobility and public transport contexts. The study aims to gain insights into individuals' attitudes, acceptance levels, and willingness to use autonomous vehicles (AVs) in shared mobility scenarios, particularly in the context of public transportation. The research methodology employed focus groups to gather qualitative insights from participants. The findings provide valuable insights into user perceptions and preferences, offering guidance for promoting SAVs and integrating them into public transport systems in Sweden.
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| 43. |
- Dolins, Sigma, 1985, et al.
(author)
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Sharing anxiety is in the driver’s seat: Analyzing user acceptance of dynamic ridepooling and its implications for shared autonomous mobility
- 2021
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In: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 13:14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As connected, electric, and autonomous vehicle (AV) services are developed for cities, the research is conclusive that the use of these services must be shared to achieve maximum efficiency. Yet, few agencies have prioritised designing an AV system that focuses on dynamic ridepooling, and there remains a gap in the understanding of what makes people willing to share their rides. However, in 2017, the Australian transport authority Transport for New South Wales launched over a dozen trials for on-demand, shared public transport, including AVs. In this paper, we investigate the user willingness-to-share, based on experiences from one of these trials. Four focus groups (19 participants in total) were held in New South Wales with active users of either the trialled on-demand dynamic ridepooling service (Keoride) or commercial ridepooling (UberPool). Through thematic analysis of the focus group conversations, the cost, comfort, convenience, safety, community culture, and trust in authority emerged as factors that influenced the willingness-to-share. When presented with driverless scenarios, the focus group participants had significant concerns about the unknown behaviour of their co-passengers, revealing sharing anxiety as a significant barrier to the adoption of shared AVs. This paper identifies previously disregarded factors that influence the adoption of AVs and dynamic ridepooling and offers insights on how potential users’ sharing anxiety can be mitigated.
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| 44. |
- Eckhardt, Jenni, et al.
(author)
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Deliverable 2: European MaaS Roadmap 2025. MAASiFiE project funded by CEDR.
- 2017
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Executive summaryMobility as a Service for Linking Europe (MAASiFiE) is a two-year project funded by the trans-national research programme “Call 2014: Mobility and ITS” launched by the Conference of European Directors of Roads (CEDR). The project investigates the prerequisites for organizing user-oriented and ecological mobility services in order to provide consumers with flexible, efficient and user-friendly services covering multiple modes of transport on a one-stop-shop principle. In addition, opportunities to combine passenger and freight transport operations are included.The main expected result of the project is the European MaaS Roadmap 2025 to be defined in Work Package 2, which this deliverable, Nr 2, presents. WP2 can be considered as an umbrella interacting with WPs 3, 4 and 5. WP3 analysed MaaS state-of-the-art and value networks, and develops business and operator models. Results are presented in Deliverable Nr 3 – Business and operator models for MaaS. WP4 performed socio-economic and environmental impact assessments of MaaS, and proposes a set of key performance indicators of MaaS. These results are presented in Deliverable Nr 4 – Impact Assessment. WP5 analysed technological requirements and interoperability issues of MaaS, including usability aspects, presented in Deliverable Nr 5 – Technology for MaaS. The work in WP 2 was performed through a series of four workshops: Workshop 1 created national MaaS visions. Workshop 2 evaluated potential impacts of Maas based on national MaaS cases. Workshop 3 created national versions of Roadmap 2025 defining short- and medium-term actions and requirements to reach the visions created in the first workshop. Workshop 4 was an international workshop creating European Roadmap 2025, consolidating results and defining next steps in implementing MaaS. Workshop 4 was international, while the other workshops were organised similarly in Finland, Sweden and Austria.The European MaaS Roadmap 2025 defines short- (1-3 years) and medium-term (4-9 years) actions and transitions needed to reach the vision formed in the first workshop. The Roadmap is divided into four functional perspectives: drivers, markets, MaaS services and enablers. Each perspective presents the results using the following classification: Academia and R&D, Business, Infrastructure & built environment, Policy & regulation, Technology & data, and Society & culture. The Roadmap also indicates the most important components identified in the workshop for the future development of MaaS. Academia and R&D is mainly seen as an enabler for identifying best practices, conducting impact assessments, and developing living lab test environments. The business sector affects primarily market and MaaS services perspectives and acts as an enabler. Business is seen as responsible for e.g. creating new pilots and services, collaboration and new business models, and developing the one-stop-shop principle.Infrastructure & built environment is mainly seen as a driver for land use and the change of urban structures and space solutions resulting e.g. in fewer parking lots. Guidelines e.g. for city planning and infrastructure are considered as enablers for MaaS. Policy & regulation touches all functional perspectives by creating an environment enabling and promoting interoperability, collaboration, the MaaS ecosystem and achievement of policy targets. Regarding technology, key enabling technologies for MaaS exist, but challenges are related to e.g. interoperability and open interfaces, privacy and standardization.Society & culture aspects are mainly related to market and MaaS services perspectives. MaaS is expected to solve the life puzzle from the mobility perspective. Consumers can influence MaaS development depending on increased user acceptance and attitude change, as well as being a prosumer (producer/ consumer) by integrating e.g. private cars to the MaaS ecosystem.The continuity needed to regularly update the MaaS roadmap was seen as important, as the path of MaaS development is currently uncertain. Also impact assessments and validated results are needed to see the real quantitative impacts of MaaS.
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| 45. |
- Eckhardt, Jenni, et al.
(author)
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The European Roadmap 2025 for Mobility as a Service
- 2018
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In: 7th Transport Research Arena TRA 2018, Vienna, April 16-19, 2018.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper is based on a Mobility as a Service (MaaS) project, Mobility as a Service for Linking Europe (MAASiFiE), conducted for the Conference of European Directors of Roads (CEDR). MaaS is an emerging concept aiming to offer user-oriented, multimodal transport services on a one-stop-shop principle utilizing digitalization and mobile applications. This paper presents the main result of the project: the European MaaS Roadmap 2025 defining short- (1-3 years) and medium-term (4-9 years) actions and transitions needed to reach the vision formed in the project. The Roadmap is divided into four functional perspectives: drivers, markets, MaaS services and enablers. Furthermore, each perspective presents the results using the following classification: Academy and R&D, Business, Infrastructure & built environment, Policy & regulation, Technology & data, and Social & culture. This paper concentrates on Policy & regulation aspects, as well as on the role of National Road Administrations (NRAs) in MaaS development.
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| 46. |
- Ekman, Fredrick, 1984, et al.
(author)
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Aspects Influencing Users' Trust in an Automated Delivery ‘Bot’ (ADR): A Pilot Study
- 2023
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- 1. Purpose Autonomous Delivery Robots (ADR), i.e., vehicles that require minimal to no operator interference and that uses system mapping, GPS, stereo vision, sensors and edge computing to navigate itself from one location to another (Mishra & Das, 2019), have been introduced as a possible solution for last-mile deliveries (LMDs) of parcels and goods. LMDs are the final stage of the logistics chain and considered one of the most inefficient (as well as the most expensive) part of a logistics system (Sindi & Woodman, 2020; Sonneberg et al. 2019). However, before logistic service providers and logistic personnel can reap the benefits of bots for LMD, it is important to understand how this novel technology is received and trusted. Therefore, a pilot study was initiated with the purpose to explore how logistic personnel experienced and trusted a bot as a tool for LMD. 2. Research Approach The bot was implemented into the logistic service system at a university campus in Gothenburg, Sweden. The research design used included qualitative, semi-structured interviews and questionnaires distributed to participating logistic personnel both ex-ante and ex-post trial. Topics covered included expected vs. experienced trust but also perceived benefits, workload, as well as overall experience of using an ADR for LMD at a university campus. 3. Findings and Originality Whereas most studies on trust in automated artefacts often focus only on trust in the automated artefact as such, the pilot study showed that the users’ trust in the delivery bot was not only a matter of trust in the technology or the automated artefact per se. Based on the interview and questionnaire data, the participants' trust in the bot was influenced by a number of interdependent system factors: (i) the perceived performance of the bot, (ii) perceived risks in terms of possible theft and traffic accidents, (iii) the degree to which the bot influenced perceived task difficulty and workload, (iv) the perceived benefits of the bot as part of the logistic system, as well as (v) the perceived benevolence behind the development and introduction the bot, from management as well as the designers of the bot. 4. Research Impact Little research has been conducted on user trust in ADR technology and even less focus on accounting for contextual aspects in the overall logistic system and their effect on user trust. Therefore, the presented research shows the importance of taking a holistic approach towards trust in ADR when introducing it to the market. 5. Practical Impact Introducing and implementing new technology such as ADR into a service is not a simple “plug and play” process. Instead, stakeholders responsible for the implementation needs to be aware of the specific needs of the user(s) i.e. people that on a daily basis interacts with the ADR such as logistic personnel. To support the introduction and implementation of ADR there needs to be a dialog between management and logistic personnel but also between developers and logistic personnel. A dialogue crucial to mitigate risks for over-under trust, acceptance issues but also to avoid negative consequences such as sub-optimal logistic services. 6. Discussion Questions 1. What is needed to support the introduction of new technology such as ADR, so ADR becomes something positive for everyone? 2. How can we support testing of novel technology such as ADR to be able to capture important factors that affects e.g. user trust in automated systems? 3. Who should have the responsibility for the development of logistic technology that entails advantages not only for the employer/management but also for the logistic personnel?
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| 47. |
- Ekman, Fredrick, 1984, et al.
(author)
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Exploring automated vehicle driving styles as a source of trust information
- 2019
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In: Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour. - : Elsevier BV. - 1369-8478. ; 65:August 2019, s. 268-279
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Trust is important for users’ acceptance and adoption of automated vehicles (AVs). Previous research has mainly focused on what information affects user trust in AVs and how the user’s trust is affected by the way the content is communicated. However, recent studies have shown that trust may also be affected by the AV’s driving style. The aim of the study was to further investigate if and how the vehicle’s driving style affects user trust in AVs and, in particular, how this is expressed by users. An experiment involving 18 participants, using a Wizard of Oz setup and within a subject design, was conducted comparing two different driving styles, ‘Defensive’ and ‘Aggressive’. Trust was measured using a mixed method research design including momentaneous trust ratings and think-aloud procedures while driving, a post-run trust questionnaire as well as trust curve sketching and a personal interview. The results show that driving style had an effect on user trust and that the ‘Defensive’ driving style was perceived as more trustworthy, in part because it was deemed more predictable than the ‘Aggressive’ driving style. Furthermore, participants expressed trust in using affective, analogical and analytic responses, the two former during the test runs and the latter directly after each test run. The interview after the completion produced a more mixed result. By combining different data collection methods, a nuanced picture of the trust formation process and users’ trust in AVs was obtained. The study concludes that it is important to consider the vehicle performance information provided by the vehicle’s driving style so as to create user trust in AVs.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Ekman, Fredrick, 1984, et al.
(author)
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Understanding trust in an AV context: A mixed method approach
- 2018
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Trust is a fundamental part of technology acceptance as well as an important factor for creating a positive user experience with Automated Vehicles (AVs). In order to fully understand users' trust in AVs it is important to consider the cognitive processes by which humans develop trust. We argue that a deeper understanding of these processes can be elicited by using a convergent mixed method design. The method design described in this paper was created during an experimental study investigating the effect of AV's driving behaviour on users' trust. The design consists of five data collection methods, three qualitative and two quantitative, used to collect data during and after test runs with an AV. The results show that the different methods elicited responses that may indicate different cognitive processes. The methods used during the test runs produced more affective and analogical responses while the methods used directly after each of the test runs generated more analytic responses. The last method, introduced after the completion of all test runs, produced a more mixed result. The participants elaborated on their earlier responses and sometimes turned their affective responses into analytic or analogical explanations. Hence, by combining and utilizing the strength of different data collection methods, more rich data was elicited on the trust formation process and thereby creating a more nuanced picture of users' trust in automated vehicles.
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| 50. |
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