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- Nisula, S., et al.
(författare)
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Predictive value of urine interleukin-18 in the evolution and outcome of acute kidney injury in critically ill adult patients
- 2015
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Ingår i: British Journal of Anaesthesia. - : Elsevier BV. - 0007-0912 .- 1471-6771. ; 114:3, s. 460-468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a pro-inflammatory protein, which mediates ischaemic tubular injury, and has been suggested to be a sensitive and specific biomarker for acute kidney injury (AKI). The predictive value of IL-18 in the diagnosis, evolution, and outcome of AKI in critically ill patients is still unclear. Methods. We measured urine IL-18 from critically ill patients at intensive care unit (ICU) admission and 24 h. We evaluated the association of IL-18 with developing new AKI, renal replacement therapy (RRT), and 90-day mortality. We calculated areas under receiver operating characteristics curves (AUCs), best cut-off values, and positive likelihood ratios (LR+) for IL-18 concerning these endpoints. Additionally, we compared the predictive value of IL-18 at ICU admission to that of urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). Results. In this study population of 1439 patients the highest urine IL-18 during the first 24 h in the ICU associated with the development of AKI with an AUC [95% confidence interval (CI)] of 0.586 (0.546-0.627) and with the development of Stage 3 AKI with an AUC (95% CI) of 0.667 (0.591-0.774). IL-18 predicted the initiation of RRT with an AUC (95% CI) of 0.655 (0.572-0.739), and 90-day mortality with an AUC (95% CI) of 0.536 (0.497-0.574). Conclusions. IL-18 had poor-to-moderate ability to predict AKI, RRT, or 90-day mortality in this large cohort of critically ill patients. Thus, it should be used with caution for diagnostic or predictive purposes in the critically ill.
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| 3. |
- Kaukonen, M, et al.
(författare)
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A missense variant in IFT122 associated with a canine model of retinitis pigmentosa
- 2021
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Ingår i: Human genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1203 .- 0340-6717. ; 140:11, s. 1569-1579
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a blinding eye disease affecting nearly two million people worldwide. Dogs are affected with a similar illness termed progressive retinal atrophy (PRA). Lapponian herders (LHs) are affected with several types of inherited retinal dystrophies, and variants in PRCD and BEST1 genes have been associated with generalized PRA and canine multifocal retinopathy 3 (cmr3), respectively. However, all retinal dystrophy cases in LHs are not explained by these variants, indicating additional genetic causes of disease in the breed. We collected DNA samples from 10 PRA affected LHs, with known PRCD and BEST1 variants excluded, and 34 unaffected LHs. A genome-wide association study identified a locus on CFA20 (praw = 2.4 × 10–7, pBonf = 0.035), and subsequent whole-genome sequencing of an affected LH revealed a missense variant, c.3176G>A, in the intraflagellar transport 122 (IFT122) gene. The variant was also found in Finnish Lapphunds, in which its clinical relevancy needs to be studied further. The variant interrupts a highly conserved residue, p.(R1059H), in IFT122 and likely impairs its function. Variants in IFT122 have not been associated with retinal degeneration in mammals, but the loss of ift122 in zebrafish larvae impaired opsin transport and resulted in progressive photoreceptor degeneration. Our study establishes a new spontaneous dog model to study the role of IFT122 in RP biology, while the affected breed will benefit from a genetic test for a recessive condition.
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| 8. |
- Bellomo, R, et al.
(författare)
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Femoral Access and Delivery of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Dose
- 2016
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Ingår i: Blood purification. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9735 .- 0253-5068. ; 41:1-3, s. 11-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Aims:</i></b> The study aims to describe the use of dialysis catheters in critically ill patients treated with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and to study the impact of femoral versus non-femoral access on CRRT dose. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Statistical analysis and predictive modelling of data from the Randomized Evaluation of Normal vs. Augmented Level renal replacement therapy trial. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The femoral vein was the first access site in 937 (67%) of 1,399 patients. These patients had higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores (p = 0.009) and lower pH (p < 0.001) but similar mortality to patients with non-femoral access (44 vs. 45%; p = 0.63). Lower body weight was independently associated with femoral access placement (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96-0.98). Femoral access was associated with a 1.03% lower CRRT dose (p = 0.05), but a 4.20% higher dose was achieved with 13.5 Fr catheters (p = 0.03). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Femoral access was preferred in lighter and sicker patients. Catheter gauge had greater impact than catheter site in CRRT dose delivery. Video Journal Club “Cappuccino with Claudio Ronco” at http://www.karger.com/?doi=439581.
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| 9. |
- Kaukonen, K. -M., et al.
(författare)
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Heparin-binding protein (HBP) in critically ill patients with influenza A (H1N1) infection
- 2013
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Ingår i: Clinical Microbiology and Infection. - : Elsevier BV. - 1469-0691 .- 1198-743X. ; 19:12, s. 1122-1128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heparin-binding protein (HBP) is an inducer of vascular endothelial leakage in severe infections. Fluid accumulation into alveoli is a general finding in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Severe acute respiratory failure with ARDS is a complication of influenza A(H1N1) infection. Accordingly, we studied the HBP levels in critically ill patients with infection of influenza A(H1N1).Critically ill patients in four intensive care units (ICUs) with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed infection of influenza A(H1N1) were prospectively evaluated. We collected clinical data and blood samples at ICU admission and on day 2. Twenty-nine patients participated in the study. Compared with normal plasma levels, the HBP concentrations were highly elevated at baseline and at day 2: 98ng/mL (62-183ng/mL) and 93ng/mL (62-271ng/mL) (p 0.876), respectively. HBP concentrations were correlated with the lowest ratio of partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood to fraction of inspired oxygen (PF ratio) during the ICU stay (rho=-0.321, p<0.05). In patients with and without invasive mechanical ventilation, the baseline HBP levels were 152ng/mL (72-237ng/mL) and 83ng/mL (58-108ng/mL) (p 0.088), respectively. The respective values at day 2 were 223ng/mL (89-415ng/mL) and 81ng/mL (55-97ng/mL) (p<0.05). The patients with septic shock/severe sepsis (compared with those without) did not have statistically significant differences in HBP concentrations at baseline or day 2. HBP concentrations are markedly elevated in all critically ill patients with influenza A(H1N1) infection. The increase in HBP concentrations seems to be associated with more pronounced respiratory dysfunction.
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| 10. |
- Kaukonen, M., et al.
(författare)
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Structure of tin-vacancy defects in silicon
- 2002
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B. - 0168-583X .- 1872-9584. ; 186:1, s. 24-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tin-vacancy complexes Snn-Vm, n≤2, m≤2, are investigated by first-principles cluster and supercell methods. Their structures, spin-densities, electrical levels and formation energies are reported. It is found that the tin-vacancy interaction is short ranged and consequently the diffusion mechanism of Sn is somewhat different from that of the E-center.
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| 11. |
- Kaukonen, M., et al.
(författare)
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Tin-vacancy complexes in silicon
- 2001
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 64:24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structure and electrical properties of of SnV2, Sn2V, and Sn2V2 complexes in Si are investigated using first-principles cluster and supercell methods. The formation of SnV2 and Sn2V2 is found to be energetically favorable, in agreement with the experimental results. All the tin-vacancy defects are found to possess deep donor and acceptor levels, although the number of the gap states decreases with increasing size of the defect. The diffusion of tin in silicon is considered and the mechanism found to be distinct from the diffusion of group V shallow donors. In contrast with these, the Sn-V interaction is found to extend only to the third nearest neighbor distance. This implies that the activation energy for Sn diffusion via vacancies should be nearly the same as self-diffusion by this mechanism. We find an activation energy of 3.5 eV which is close to some experimental findings but considerably less than given by others.
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| 12. |
- Loponen, T., et al.
(författare)
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Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes under electron irradiation simulated with a tight-binding model
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics). - 1098-0121. ; 74:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experiments show that nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes subjected to the electron beam in a transmission electron microscope can easily lose dopant atoms and that overall they are less stable under electron irradiation than the pristine tubes. To understand the lower stability of nitrogen-doped nanotubes we use a density-functional-theory-based tight-binding model and simulate impacts of energetic electrons onto the nanotubes. We show that the dopant atom displacement energy and thus the electron threshold energy is lower for nanotubes with smaller diameter and that, independent of the nanotube diameter, the dopant nitrogen atoms can be displaced more easily than the host carbon atoms. Our results set a limit on the threshold electron energy for damage production in N-doped tubes and indicate that spatially localized electron irradiation of doped nanotubes can be used for local atomic and band structure engineering.
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| 13. |
- Luoma, Petri, et al.
(författare)
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Parkinsonism, premature menopause, and mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma mutations: clinical and molecular genetic study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Lancet. ; 364:9437, s. 875-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Mutations in the gene encoding mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma (POLG), the enzyme that synthesises mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), have been associated with a mitochondrial disease-autosomal dominant or recessive progressive external ophthalmoplegia-and multiple deletions of mtDNA. Mitochondrial dysfunction is also suspected to participate in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. However, no primary gene defects affecting mitochondrial proteins causing mendelian transmission of parkinsonism have been characterised. We aimed to analyse the gene sequence of POLG in patients with progressive external ophthalmoplegia and their healthy relatives. METHODS: In seven families of various ethnic origins we assessed patients with progressive external ophthalmoplegia and unaffected individuals by clinical, biochemical, morphological, and molecular genetic characterisation and positron emission tomography (PET). FINDINGS: We recorded mutations in POLG in members of all seven families. Clinical assessment showed significant cosegregation of parkinsonism with POLG mutations (p<0.0001), and PET findings were consistent with dopaminergic neuron loss. Post-mortem examination in two individuals showed loss of pigmented neurons and pigment phagocytosis in substantia nigra without Lewy bodies. Furthermore, most women with progressive external ophthalmoplegia had early menopause-before age 35 years. The POLG gene defect resulted in secondary accumulation of mtDNA deletions in patients' tissues. INTERPRETATION: Dysfunction of mitochondrial POLG causes a severe progressive multisystem disorder including parkinsonism and premature menopause, which are not typical of mitochondrial disease. Cosegregation of parkinsonism and POLG mutations in our families suggests that when defective, this gene can underlie mendelian transmission of parkinsonism. RELEVANCE TO PRACTICE: Awareness that mitochondrial POLG mutations can underlie parkinsonism is important for clinicians working in diagnosis of movement disorders, as well as for studies of the genetics of Parkinson's disease. Further, progressive external ophthalmoplegia with muscle weakness and neuropathy can mask symptoms of parkinsonism, and clinicians should pay special attention to detect and treat parkinsonism in those individuals.
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