| 1. |
- Mahajan, Anubha, et al.
(författare)
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Refining the accuracy of validated target identification through coding variant fine-mapping in type 2 diabetes
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 50:4, s. 559-571
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We aggregated coding variant data for 81,412 type 2 diabetes cases and 370,832 controls of diverse ancestry, identifying 40 coding variant association signals (P < 2.2 × 10−7); of these, 16 map outside known risk-associated loci. We make two important observations. First, only five of these signals are driven by low-frequency variants: even for these, effect sizes are modest (odds ratio ≤1.29). Second, when we used large-scale genome-wide association data to fine-map the associated variants in their regional context, accounting for the global enrichment of complex trait associations in coding sequence, compelling evidence for coding variant causality was obtained for only 16 signals. At 13 others, the associated coding variants clearly represent ‘false leads’ with potential to generate erroneous mechanistic inference. Coding variant associations offer a direct route to biological insight for complex diseases and identification of validated therapeutic targets; however, appropriate mechanistic inference requires careful specification of their causal contribution to disease predisposition.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Ried, Janina S., et al.
(författare)
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A principal component meta-analysis on multiple anthropometric traits identifies novel loci for body shape
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large consortia have revealed hundreds of genetic loci associated with anthropometric traits, one trait at a time. We examined whether genetic variants affect body shape as a composite phenotype that is represented by a combination of anthropometric traits. We developed an approach that calculates averaged PCs (AvPCs) representing body shape derived from six anthropometric traits (body mass index, height, weight, waist and hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio). The first four AvPCs explain >99% of the variability, are heritable, and associate with cardiometabolic outcomes. We performed genome-wide association analyses for each body shape composite phenotype across 65 studies and meta-analysed summary statistics. We identify six novel loci: LEMD2 and CD47 for AvPC1, RPS6KA5/C14orf159 and GANAB for AvPC3, and ARL15 and ANP32 for AvPC4. Our findings highlight the value of using multiple traits to define complex phenotypes for discovery, which are not captured by single-trait analyses, and may shed light onto new pathways.
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| 4. |
- Östergren, Rickard, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Learning declarative knowledge in special education treatment group
- 2018
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Ingår i: journal of education and training. - Las Vegas, NV, United States : Macrothink Institute, Inc.. - 2330-9709. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An organizing structure that in recent years has had a major impact on how to work with students who don’t respond to regular instruction is Response to Intervention (RTI). Efforts in RTI are divided into three different tiers of instruction: primary, secondary and tertiary. In our study, we investigate the impact of intensive secondary-tier instruction on students’ knowledge of basic combinations of digits in addition. We also focus on how the students develop their use of more advanced calculations in addition during the intervention.The results showed that students became faster at performing simple addition tasks, which indicates that their fluency – declarative knowledge – developed during the intervention phase. Our results thereby strengthen suggestions that a secondary-tier intervention level should take place in a small group of students 20-40 minutes four to five times a week. Meanwhile, the students developed their ability to solve two-digit arithmetic tasks in addition and subtraction, which could be explained by the fact that students had automated simple number combinations and thus could focus on the calculation procedure.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Flannick, Jason, et al.
(författare)
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Data Descriptor : Sequence data and association statistics from 12,940 type 2 diabetes cases and controls
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2052-4463. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate the genetic basis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) to high resolution, the GoT2D and T2D-GENES consortia catalogued variation from whole-genome sequencing of 2,657 European individuals and exome sequencing of 12,940 individuals of multiple ancestries. Over 27M SNPs, indels, and structural variants were identified, including 99% of low-frequency (minor allele frequency [MAF] 0.1-5%) non-coding variants in the whole-genome sequenced individuals and 99.7% of low-frequency coding variants in the whole-exome sequenced individuals. Each variant was tested for association with T2D in the sequenced individuals, and, to increase power, most were tested in larger numbers of individuals (> 80% of low-frequency coding variants in similar to ~82 K Europeans via the exome chip, and similar to ~90% of low-frequency non-coding variants in similar to ~44 K Europeans via genotype imputation). The variants, genotypes, and association statistics from these analyses provide the largest reference to date of human genetic information relevant to T2D, for use in activities such as T2D-focused genotype imputation, functional characterization of variants or genes, and other novel analyses to detect associations between sequence variation and T2D.
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| 7. |
- Fuchsberger, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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The genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 536:7614, s. 41-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The genetic architecture of common traits, including the number, frequency, and effect sizes of inherited variants that contribute to individual risk, has been long debated. Genome-wide association studies have identified scores of common variants associated with type 2 diabetes, but in aggregate, these explain only a fraction of the heritability of this disease. Here, to test the hypothesis that lower-frequency variants explain much of the remainder, the GoT2D and T2D-GENES consortia performed whole-genome sequencing in 2,657 European individuals with and without diabetes, and exome sequencing in 12,940 individuals from five ancestry groups. To increase statistical power, we expanded the sample size via genotyping and imputation in a further 111,548 subjects. Variants associated with type 2 diabetes after sequencing were overwhelmingly common and most fell within regions previously identified by genome-wide association studies. Comprehensive enumeration of sequence variation is necessary to identify functional alleles that provide important clues to disease pathophysiology, but large-scale sequencing does not support the idea that lower-frequency variants have a major role in predisposition to type 2 diabetes.
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| 8. |
- Gabrielsson, Sebastian, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Sjuksköterska i psykiatrisk heldygnsvård - Lärobok för rebeller
- 2023. - 1
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I de flesta arbetsgrupper finns de som gör saker annorlunda och ofta lyckas bättre än andra i patientarbetet; som lyckas vinna förtroende hos patienter och anhöriga; som tryggar, stärker och förmedlar hopp; som är kreativa och vågar pröva oväntade lösningar; som inte drar sig för att ifrågasätta rådande arbetssätt när det ligger i patientens bästa. Vi väljer att kalla dem goda rebeller.Ett huvudfokus i den här boken är att försöka beskriva, problematisera och ge en teoretisk och praktisk förståelse för vad det är dessa goda rebeller gör. Bokens andra huvudfokus är att beskriva hinder och möjligheter för ett sådant rebelledarskap. Den här boken förmedlar verktyg som stärker självständiga sjuksköterskor som värdesätter kunskap och prioriterar möten med människor. Den visar att mycket av den aktuella omvårdnadsforskningen är högst relevant och kan bidra till att utveckla vården, eftersom den söker svar på just de frågor som personal, patienter och anhöriga i psykiatrisk heldygnsvård brottas med i vardagen. Boken ingjuter hopp hos den som vill bidra till en personcentrerad psykiatrisk heldygnsvård som främjar återhämtning.Sjuksköterska i psykiatrisk heldygnsvård vänder sig till blivande sjuksköterskor i psykiatrisk vård och kan användas som kurslitteratur inom sjuksköterskeprogrammet och specialistsjuksköterskeprogrammet, inriktning psykiatrisk vård. Även redan yrkesverksamma har nytta av att läsa boken.
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| 9. |
- Godbolt, Alison K., et al.
(författare)
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Associations between care pathways and outcome 1 year after severe traumatic brain injury
- 2015
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Ingår i: The journal of head trauma rehabilitation. - Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0885-9701 .- 1550-509X. ; 30:3, s. E41-E51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To assess associations between real-world care pathways for working-age patients in the first year after severe traumatic brain injury and outcomes at 1 year.Setting and Design: Prospective, observational study with recruitment from 6 neurosurgical centers in Sweden and Iceland. Follow-up to 1 year, independently of care pathways, by rehabilitation physicians and paramedical professionals.Participants: Patients with severe traumatic brain injury, lowest (nonsedated) Glasgow Coma Scale score 3 to 8 during the first 24 hours and requiring neurosurgical intensive care, age 18 to 65 years, and alive 3 weeks after injury.Main Measures: Length of stay in intensive care, time between intensive care discharge and rehabilitation admission, outcome at 1 year (Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended score), acute markers of injury severity, preexisting medical conditions, and post-acute complications. Logistic regression analyses were performed.Results: A multivariate model found variables significantly associated with outcome (odds ratio for good outcome [confidence interval], P value) to be as follows: length of stay in intensive care (0.92 [0.87-0.98], 0.014), time between intensive care discharge and admission to inpatient rehabilitation (0.97 [0.94-0.99], 0.017), and post-acute complications (0.058 [0.006-0.60], 0.017).Conclusions: Delays in rehabilitation admission were negatively associated with outcome. Measures to ensure timely rehabilitation admission may improve outcome. Further research is needed to evaluate possible causation.
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| 10. |
- Justice, Anne E., et al.
(författare)
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Protein-coding variants implicate novel genes related to lipid homeostasis contributing to body-fat distribution
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 51:3, s. 452-469
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Body-fat distribution is a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular health consequences. We analyzed the association of body-fat distribution, assessed by waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index, with 228,985 predicted coding and splice site variants available on exome arrays in up to 344,369 individuals from five major ancestries (discovery) and 132,177 European-ancestry individuals (validation). We identified 15 common (minor allele frequency, MAF >= 5%) and nine low-frequency or rare (MAF < 5%) coding novel variants. Pathway/gene set enrichment analyses identified lipid particle, adiponectin, abnormal white adipose tissue physiology and bone development and morphology as important contributors to fat distribution, while cross-trait associations highlight cardiometabolic traits. In functional follow-up analyses, specifically in Drosophila RNAi-knockdowns, we observed a significant increase in the total body triglyceride levels for two genes (DNAH10 and PLXND1). We implicate novel genes in fat distribution, stressing the importance of interrogating low-frequency and protein-coding variants.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Lindgren, Marie, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Rehabilitering vid traumatisk hjärnskada behöver samordnas : Stora skillnader i Tillgång till hjärnskaderehabilitering ochspecialistkunskap i alla faser i förloppet och över landet
- 2021
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - : Sveriges Läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 118
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traumatisk hjärnskada är vanligt förekommande i alla åldrar och kan leda till behov av rehabiliteringsinsatser under många år.Kunskap och samarbete mellan flera specialiteter och samordning av insatser är viktiga för patienten genom hela vårdkedjan.Det finns ett behov av mer jämlik vård och stöd i att hantera hjärnskaderelaterade frågor genom hela livet.Vid specialiserad hjärnskaderehabilitering bedöms och behandlas komplexa förlopp med symtom som långvarig svår medvetandestörning, posttraumatisk agitation, kognitiva funktionsnedsättningar, fatigue, motoriska och kommunikativa svårigheter, synsvårigheter, yrsel och stimuluskänslighet efter traumatisk hjärnskada.
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| 13. |
- Lu, Yingchang, et al.
(författare)
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New loci for body fat percentage reveal link between adiposity and cardiometabolic disease risk
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of adiposity and its links to cardiometabolic disease risk, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of body fat percentage (BF%) in up to 100,716 individuals. Twelve loci reached genome-wide significance (P<5 × 10(-8)), of which eight were previously associated with increased overall adiposity (BMI, BF%) and four (in or near COBLL1/GRB14, IGF2BP1, PLA2G6, CRTC1) were novel associations with BF%. Seven loci showed a larger effect on BF% than on BMI, suggestive of a primary association with adiposity, while five loci showed larger effects on BMI than on BF%, suggesting association with both fat and lean mass. In particular, the loci more strongly associated with BF% showed distinct cross-phenotype association signatures with a range of cardiometabolic traits revealing new insights in the link between adiposity and disease risk.
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| 14. |
- Manning, Alisa, et al.
(författare)
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A Low-Frequency Inactivating AKT2 Variant Enriched in the Finnish Population Is Associated With Fasting Insulin Levels and Type 2 Diabetes Risk
- 2017
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : AMER DIABETES ASSOC. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 66:7, s. 2019-2032
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To identify novel coding association signals and facilitate characterization of mechanisms influencing glycemic traits and type 2 diabetes risk, we analyzed 109,215 variants derived from exome array genotyping together with an additional 390,225 variants from exome sequence in up to 39,339 normoglycemic individuals from five ancestry groups. We identified a novel association between the coding variant (p.Pro50Thr) in AKT2 and fasting plasma insulin (FI), a gene in which rare fully penetrant mutations are causal for monogenic glycemic disorders. The low-frequency allele is associated with a 12% increase in FI levels. This variant is present at 1.1% frequency in Finns but virtually absent in individuals from other ancestries. Carriers of the FI-increasing allele had increased 2-h insulin values, decreased insulin sensitivity, and increased risk of type 2 diabetes (odds ratio 1.05). In cellular studies, the AKT2-Thr50 protein exhibited a partial loss of function. We extend the allelic spectrum for coding variants in AKT2 associated with disorders of glucose homeostasis and demonstrate bidirectional effects of variants within the pleckstrin homology domain of AKT2.
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| 15. |
- Middeldorp, Christel M., et al.
(författare)
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The Early Growth Genetics (EGG) and EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortia : design, results and future prospects
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 34:3, s. 279-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impact of many unfavorable childhood traits or diseases, such as low birth weight and mental disorders, is not limited to childhood and adolescence, as they are also associated with poor outcomes in adulthood, such as cardiovascular disease. Insight into the genetic etiology of childhood and adolescent traits and disorders may therefore provide new perspectives, not only on how to improve wellbeing during childhood, but also how to prevent later adverse outcomes. To achieve the sample sizes required for genetic research, the Early Growth Genetics (EGG) and EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortia were established. The majority of the participating cohorts are longitudinal population-based samples, but other cohorts with data on early childhood phenotypes are also involved. Cohorts often have a broad focus and collect(ed) data on various somatic and psychiatric traits as well as environmental factors. Genetic variants have been successfully identified for multiple traits, for example, birth weight, atopic dermatitis, childhood BMI, allergic sensitization, and pubertal growth. Furthermore, the results have shown that genetic factors also partly underlie the association with adult traits. As sample sizes are still increasing, it is expected that future analyses will identify additional variants. This, in combination with the development of innovative statistical methods, will provide detailed insight on the mechanisms underlying the transition from childhood to adult disorders. Both consortia welcome new collaborations. Policies and contact details are available from the corresponding authors of this manuscript and/or the consortium websites.
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| 16. |
- Sahlén, Klas-Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Nursing research in Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Japanese Journal of Nursing Research. - 0022-8370. ; 47:2, s. 126-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 17. |
- Sahlén, Klas-Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Nursing research in Sweden II
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Japanese Journal of Nursing Research. - Tokyo : Igaku Shoin. - 0022-8370. ; 47:3, s. 234-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 18. |
- Sandsten, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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General psychiatric inpatient care for persons with anorexia nervosa : an integrative literature review protocol
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 13:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: People diagnosed with anorexia nervosa are offered or compelled to undergo various treatments and therapies. In Sweden, the lack of highly specialised eating disorder services means that people with anorexia nervosa might be cared for in general psychiatric wards. However, there has been limited research attention paid to how this specific context might benefit or harm persons with anorexia nervosa. There is also limited evidence regarding which form of care is most effective in anorexia nervosa and which type of treatment is optimal in general psychiatric inpatient care. Our intention is to highlight personal and professional perspectives of care for patients with anorexia nervosa in this context, with a focus on person-centred care, gender and power. This protocol describes an integrative literature review aiming to synthesise existing knowledge on general psychiatric inpatient care for persons with anorexia nervosa.METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The study will be an integrative literature review following Whittemore and Knafl. We will search the academic databases PubMed, CINAHL and PsycInfo in accordance with a specific search strategy determined in collaboration with a librarian with expertise on systematic reviews. Data will be analysed using a constant comparison method. Persons with their own experience of anorexia nervosa in general psychiatric inpatient care will be involved as coresearchers.ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: As this is a literature review, formal ethical review is not required. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication and presented at conferences related to this field.AMENDMENTS: If we need to amend this protocol, we will give the date of each amendment, describe the change and give the rationale in this section.PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42023426095.
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| 19. |
- Shungin, Dmitry, et al.
(författare)
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New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 187-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms.
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| 20. |
- Smedby, Örjan, et al.
(författare)
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Magnetic resonance angiography in the resectability assessment of suspected pancreatic tumours
- 1997
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Ingår i: European Radiology. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084. ; 7:5, s. 649-653
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate MRI, including MR angiography (MRA), in the preoperative assessment of the resectability of suspected malignancy of the pancreas. A total of 17 patients with suspected pancreatic carcinoma and planned surgery were investigated with conventional angiography, ultrasonography with Doppler technique, MRI and MRA. The MRA protocol included both 2D inflow angiography and 3D phase-contrast angiography. Surgery was carried out in 13 patients. The image quality of MRA was judged satisfactory in all cases. The findings with respect to vascular involvement agreed between the radiological methods in all but 3 cases. When the findings were correlated with the final diagnosis, one false-negative case was found for each of the three methods. The results suggest that MRI with MRA, including both the phase-contrast and inflow techniques, has a similar diagnostic value to that of conventional angiography and ultrasonography in the preoperative assessment of the portal venous system in patients with pancreatic carcinoma. Further studies are needed to establish the optimal diagnostic procedure.
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| 21. |
- Söderberg, Anja, et al.
(författare)
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Being Human under Inhuman Conditions: Meanings of Living with Severe Dissociative States Involving the Experience of Being in Parts
- 2024
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Ingår i: Issues in Mental Health Nursing. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0161-2840 .- 1096-4673. ; 45:6, s. 597-606
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Severe dissociative states involving the experience of being in parts, typically associated with diagnosis such as dissociative identity disorder and other specified dissociative disorders, continue to be a controversial and rarely studied area of research. However, because persons with severe dissociative states are at risk of being harmed instead of helped within psychiatric care, their experiences of living with such states warrant further examination, while innovative ways to include them in research remain necessary. Against that background, this study aimed to illuminate the meanings of living with severe dissociative states involving the experience of being in parts. This is a phenomenological hermeneutic study with data collected from three social media sources, one personal blog and two Instagram accounts, in February and March 2023. The results were illuminated in light of four themes; Striving to remain in the world, Balancing exposure and trust, Balancing belonging and loneliness and Owning oneselves. The interpretation of the themes suggests that living with severe dissociative states means being a human under inhuman conditions, striving for coherence and meaning in a world that is often unsupportive. This calls for a trauma-informed care to better support recovery for persons with severe dissociative states.
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| 22. |
- Söderberg, Anja, et al.
(författare)
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Psychiatric inpatient care for persons with dissociative identity disorder: a scoping review protocol
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - London : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Psychiatric inpatient care (PIC) is often characterised by high pressure and thresholds for admission, brief periods of care and limited time for caring activities. Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is a contested diagnosis, and persons with DID are at risk of not receiving adequate support when cared for in PIC. Because the limited literature addressing the topic includes no overview on how persons with DID are cared for in psychiatric inpatient settings, the aim of this scoping review is to map the area of knowledge on PIC for persons experiencing DID. This scoping review will provide an overview with the possibility to elucidate gaps in the evidence base and needs for future research on PIC for persons experiencing DID.Methods and analysis This scoping review will follow Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis for Scoping Reviews and steps 1–5 described in the established method for scoping reviews: identifying research question, identifying relevant studies, study selection, charting the data and collating, summarising and reporting results.Ethics approval Not applicable.Dissemination This scoping review will be submitted for publication in an international, peer-reviewed journal.
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| 23. |
- Turcot, Valerie, et al.
(författare)
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Protein-altering variants associated with body mass index implicate pathways that control energy intake and expenditure in obesity
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 50:1, s. 26-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >250 loci for body mass index (BMI), implicating pathways related to neuronal biology. Most GWAS loci represent clusters of common, noncoding variants from which pinpointing causal genes remains challenging. Here we combined data from 718,734 individuals to discover rare and low-frequency (minor allele frequency (MAF) < 5%) coding variants associated with BMI. We identified 14 coding variants in 13 genes, of which 8 variants were in genes (ZBTB7B, ACHE, RAPGEF3, RAB21, ZFHX3, ENTPD6, ZFR2 and ZNF169) newly implicated in human obesity, 2 variants were in genes (MC4R and KSR2) previously observed to be mutated in extreme obesity and 2 variants were in GIPR. The effect sizes of rare variants are similar to 10 times larger than those of common variants, with the largest effect observed in carriers of an MC4R mutation introducing a stop codon (p.Tyr35Ter, MAF = 0.01%), who weighed similar to 7 kg more than non-carriers. Pathway analyses based on the variants associated with BMI confirm enrichment of neuronal genes and provide new evidence for adipocyte and energy expenditure biology, widening the potential of genetically supported therapeutic targets in obesity.
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| 24. |
- Aase, Audun, et al.
(författare)
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Validate or falsify: Lessons learned from a microscopy method claimed to be useful for detecting Borrelia and Babesia organisms in human blood
- 2016
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Ingår i: INFECTIOUS DISEASES. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 2374-4235 .- 2374-4243. ; 48:6, s. 411-419
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background A modified microscopy protocol (the LM-method) was used to demonstrate what was interpreted as Borrelia spirochetes and later also Babesia sp., in peripheral blood from patients. The method gained much publicity, but was not validated prior to publication, which became the purpose of this study using appropriate scientific methodology, including a control group. Methods Blood from 21 patients previously interpreted as positive for Borrelia and/or Babesia infection by the LM-method and 41 healthy controls without known history of tick bite were collected, blinded and analysed for these pathogens by microscopy in two laboratories by the LM-method and conventional method, respectively, by PCR methods in five laboratories and by serology in one laboratory. Results Microscopy by the LM-method identified structures claimed to be Borrelia- and/or Babesia in 66% of the blood samples of the patient group and in 85% in the healthy control group. Microscopy by the conventional method for Babesia only did not identify Babesia in any samples. PCR analysis detected Borrelia DNA in one sample of the patient group and in eight samples of the control group; whereas Babesia DNA was not detected in any of the blood samples using molecular methods. Conclusions The structures interpreted as Borrelia and Babesia by the LM-method could not be verified by PCR. The method was, thus, falsified. This study underlines the importance of doing proper test validation before new or modified assays are introduced.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Ahlstrand, Erik, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Highly Reduced Survival in Essential Thrombocythemia and Polycythemia Vera Patients with Vascular Complications during Follow-up
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Haematology. - : Munksgaard Forlag. - 0902-4441 .- 1600-0609. ; 104:3, s. 271-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To explore the relative importance of risk factors, treatments and blood counts for the occurrence of vascular complications and their impact on life expectancy in Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) and Polycythemia Vera (PV).METHODS: Nested case-control study within the Swedish MPN registry. From a cohort of 922 ET patients and 763 PV patients, 71 ET and 81 PV cases with vascular complications were compared to matched controls.RESULTS: Incidence of vascular complications were 2.0 and 3.4 events per 100 patient-years in ET and PV, respectively. At diagnosis, no significant risk factor differences were observed between cases and controls in neither of the diseases. At the time of vascular event, ET complication cases did not differ significantly from controls but in PV, cases had significantly higher WBCs and were to a lesser extent treated with antithrombotic and cytoreductive therapy. Life expectancy was significantly decreased in both ET and PV cases compared to controls.CONCLUSIONS: The risk of vascular complications is high in both ET and PV and these complications have a considerable impact on life expectancy. The protective effect of antithrombotic and cytoreductive therapy for vascular complications in PV underscores the importance of avoiding undertreatment.
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| 27. |
- Albert, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Hospitalized patients’ attitudes towards participating in a randomized control trial in case of a cardiac arrest
- 2024
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Ingår i: Resuscitation Plus. - 2666-5204. ; 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundNo previous study has evaluated patients attitudes towards inclusion in an ongoing cardiac arrest clinical trial. The aim of this study was to assess patientś willingness and motives to participate in the ongoing randomized controlled drug trial “Vasopressin and Steroids in addition to Adrenaline in cardiac arrest” (VAST-A trial) in case of an in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA).ObjectivesHospitalized patients, men ≥ 18 and women ≥ 50 years, were asked for informed consent for inclusion in the VAST-A trial in case of an IHCA, the reason for approving or declining inclusion in the trial and baseline characteristics.MethodsPatients admitted to hospital were asked to give informed consent of inclusion in VAST-A in case of an IHCA during their hospital stay. Patients were also asked why they approved or declined inclusion as well as baseline characteristics questions.Results1,064 patients were asked about willingness to participate in the VAST-A trial, of these 902 (84.8%) patients approved inclusion. A subgroup of 411 patients were, except willingness, also asked about motives to participate or not and basic characteristics. The main reason for approving inclusion was to contribute to research (n = 328, 83.9%). The main reason for declining inclusion was concerns regarding testing the drug treatment (n = 6, 30%).ConclusionAmong hospitalized patients the vast majority gave informed consent to inclusion in an ongoing randomized cardiac arrest drug trial. The main reason for approving inclusion was to contribute to research.
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| 28. |
- Alcorn, J, et al.
(författare)
-
Basic instrumentation for Hall A at Jefferson Lab
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 522:3, s. 294-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The instrumentation in Hall A at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility was designed to study electro-and photo-induced reactions at very high luminosity and good momentum and angular resolution for at least one of the reaction products. The central components of Hall A are two identical high resolution spectrometers, which allow the vertical drift chambers in the focal plane to provide a momentum resolution of better than 2 x 10(-4). A variety of Cherenkov counters, scintillators and lead-glass calorimeters provide excellent particle identification. The facility has been operated successfully at a luminosity well in excess of 10(38) CM-2 s(-1). The research program is aimed at a variety of subjects, including nucleon structure functions, nucleon form factors and properties of the nuclear medium. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Alrutz, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Projektledning
- 2013
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Projektledning är ett yrke med egen certifiering. Det pågår en spännande utveckling inom området och det blir allt viktigare att hålla sig ajour med utvecklingen.Det övergripande målet med den här handboken är att vara en ständigt aktuell heltäckande bok om projektarbete. Innehållsmässigt täcker den både frågor som har med struktur och styrning att göra och frågor om ledning av människor och mänskliga processer i grupp. Kompetens inom projekt byggs av både kunskap och erfarenhet. Vi följer kontinuerligt aktuell forskning inom dessa områden och bjuder in intressanta forskare att medverka som författare. Vi skildrar verkliga projekt och låter erfarenheterna få plats, både de bästa erfarenheterna och de utmaningar som man tagit sig igenom.Handboken är levande och det innebär att artiklar tas bort för att ge plats för nya, i takt med att den uppdateras fortlöpande.
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| 31. |
- Andersson, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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The same ELA class II risk factors confer equine insect bite hypersensitivity in two distinct populations
- 2012
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Ingår i: Immunogenetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0093-7711 .- 1432-1211. ; 64:3, s. 201-208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is a chronic allergic dermatitis common in horses. Affected horses mainly react against antigens present in the saliva from the biting midges, Culicoides ssp, and occasionally black flies, Simulium ssp. Because of this insect dependency, the disease is clearly seasonal and prevalence varies between geographical locations. For two distinct horse breeds, we genotyped four microsatellite markers positioned within the MHC class II region and sequenced the highly polymorphic exons two from DRA and DRB3, respectively. Initially, 94 IBH-affected and 93 unaffected Swedish born Icelandic horses were tested for genetic association. These horses had previously been genotyped on the Illumina Equine SNP50 BeadChip, which made it possible to ensure that our study did not suffer from the effects of stratification. The second population consisted of 106 unaffected and 80 IBH-affected Exmoor ponies. We show that variants in the MHC class II region are associated with disease susceptibility (p(raw)=2.34x10(-5)), with the same allele (COR112:274) associated in two separate populations. In addition, we combined microsatellite and sequencing data in order to investigate the pattern of homozygosity and show that homozygosity across the entire MHC class II region is associated with a higher risk of developing IBH (p=0.0013). To our knowledge this is the first time in any atopic dermatitis suffering species, including man, where the same risk allele has been identified in two distinct populations.
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| 32. |
- Asplund, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
-
Experiences of being a manager in the municipal sector in rural northern Sweden
- 2022
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe experiences of being a manager in the municipal sector in rural northern Sweden.METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were performed with 15 managers working in the municipal sector. The interviews were subjected to inductive qualitative content analysis.RESULTS: The managers' experiences were interpreted in the main theme, Striving for stability on shaky ground. They struggled within slimmed-down organizations with substitute shortages and reduced means. They expressed being burdened by conflicting demands, a work overload, work conflicts and a requirement to be present. They had to endure the negative consequences of working in small municipalities, and handling health and family life impairments. The managers expressed the importance of being strengthened by inner and outer resources, such as being motivated, having social support and finding strategies to cope. They also expressed benefits of working in small municipalities, such as great opportunities to influence and efficiency in decision-making.CONCLUSION: This study illuminates managers' adverse psychosocial working conditions, insights into working in a small municipality in the rural context and also the importance of organizational support. Future studies could focus on applying adapted workplace support interventions among managers in the municipal sector in rural northern Sweden.
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| 33. |
- Asplund, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of work-related stress among highly stressed municipal employees in rural northern Sweden
- 2022
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 17:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this qualitative study was to describe experiences of work-related stress among highly stressed municipal employees in rural northern Sweden. METHODS: We interviewed 15 employees in the municipal sector in rural northern Sweden using a semi-structured guide and subjected the interviews to qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Under the main theme of Suffering Through Endless Chaos, we summarized four themes: facing incompatible interests and high demands due to lack of time and resources; feeling powerless, trapped, and ignored due to lack of control; feeling insufficient, insecure, and guilty due to challenging relations and high expectations; and struggling with consequences such as health problems, spillover effects on family life, and difficulty coping. CONCLUSION: Findings from this study suggest the importance of acknowledging suffering among municipal employees in a stressful work environment. An imbalance between job demands and resources is affecting both health and family lives of employees, and also their ability to work. It seems important to improve the work environment through supportive leadership, job control, and reasonable job demands to prevent stress, reduce suffering, and create a healthy organization.
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| 34. |
- Asplund, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Organizational and psychosocial environmental work factors associated with self-rated exhaustion disorder among municipal employees in rural northern Sweden
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 75:4, s. 1215-1229
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Research indicates that good organizational and psychosocial environments are vital to well-functioning workplaces and employee health. Working in the municipal sector and in the rural context may contribute to more health problems, poorer organizational and psychosocial work environments, and higher sick-leave rates.Objective: The aim of this study was to explore organizational and psychosocial environmental work factors among municipal employees with or without self-rated exhaustion disorder (s-ED) in rural northern Sweden.Methods: The Modern Work Life Questionnaire and the Self-Rated Exhaustion Disorder Scale were used among 1093 municipal employees.Results: The results showed that there were significant differences between the s-ED and the non-s-ED group in all but one of the organizational and psychosocial environmental work factors. Various demands, i.e. quantitative, emotional, intellectual, and IT demands were some factors associated with the s-ED group. Social support, resources, and time for work and reflection were some factors associated with the non-s-ED group. Both the s-ED and the non-s-ED groups assessed significantly higher emotional demands and less resources compared to national reference values.Conclusion: Findings from this study are relevant to a better understanding what organizational and psychosocial work environmental work factor the employer need to pay extra attention to. Addressing risk and protective factors in the work environment could tribute to promote occupational well-being, preventing exhaustion disorder and long-term sick leave among municipal employees in rural northern Sweden.
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| 35. |
- Asplund, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
-
Self-rated exhaustion disorder and associated health-related factors among municipal employees in rural areas of northern Sweden
- 2021
-
Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; , s. 659-668
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study among municipal employees in rural areas of northern Sweden were to assess the prevalence of self-rated exhaustion disorder (s-ED), describe plausible between-group differences in self-reported health-related factors among employees with or without s-ED, and identify health-related factors associated with s-ED.METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, data were collected from 1093 municipal employees (76.1% women) in two rural areas using an instrument measuring s-ED and health variables drawn from the Modern Worklife Questionnaire (MWQ), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the National Board of Health and Welfare's questions about physical activity. Comparisons were made between an s-ED and a non-s-ED group. Health-related factors associated with s-ED were identified through a logistic regression.RESULTS: Self-rated exhaustion disorder was reported by 21.5% of the participants. Health-related factors associated with s-ED were cognitive problems, sleep problems, depressive symptoms, high stress, poor self-rated health, and stomach problems. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of participants who met the criteria of physical activity among s-ED and non-s-ED group.CONCLUSION: Findings from this study suggest that s-ED is more common among municipal employees in rural areas than in other working populations in Sweden. Several health-related factors were associated with s-ED. Regular use of a self-rated instrument in evaluating the organizational and social work environment can identify people at risk of developing exhaustion disorder and requiring long-term sick leave.
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| 36. |
- Asplund, Sofia, 1982-
(författare)
-
Work-related stress among municipal employees in rural northern Sweden
- 2022
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Many rural municipalities in Sweden are facing challenges like depopulation, decreased economy, and difficulties in recruiting staff. Living and working in rural areas may involve adverse working conditions and higher risks of ill-health. Work is generally good for employee health, but various physical and psychosocial aspects of work can also be hazards and cause work-related stress, health problems, reduced productivity, and long-term sick leave. Leadership by managers in the organisation is important for the work environment, work performance, and occupational health of employees. The Swedish municipal sector employs almost 20% of employees in the labour market, where school, preschool and care of older people are the dominating areas. Previous research has shown that there are adverse psychosocial working conditions in Swedish municipal organisations. The municipal sector has the highest rate of long-term sick leave compared to other sectors in the labour market, mainly due to stress-related disorders, such as exhaustion disorder (ED). Therefore, it is important to focus on organisational and psychosocial work environments, work-related stress, and health in the municipal sector of rural northern Sweden.Aim: The overall aim was to explore organisational and psychosocial work environments, work-related stress, and health among municipal employees in rural northern Sweden.Methods: Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect data. Study I and II had a quantitative approach, a cross-sectional design, and used a questionnaire for collecting data. Participants were employees (n =1093) in the municipal sector in two municipalities in rural northern Sweden. The questionnaire was constructed to contain instruments measuring the organisational and psychosocial work environments, perceived stress, self-rated exhaustion disorder (s-ED), and physical activity. Quantitative data were analysed using logistic regression in Study I, and partial least squares regression in Study II. Studies III and IV had a qualitative approach. In Study III, semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 15 municipal employees with high self-reported stress. In Study IV, semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 15 managers at different levels in the municipal sector. All qualitative data were analysed using inductive qualitative content analysis.Results: In Study I, results showed that 21.5 % of the municipal employees reported s-ED.Cognitive problems, sleep problems,depressiveivsymptoms, high stress, poor self-rated health, and stomach problems were the health-related factors most strongly associated with s-ED. In Study II, results showed that there were significant differences between the s-ED and the non–s-ED group in all but one of the 32 organisational and psychosocial environmental work factors. Various demands—i.e., quantitative, emotional, intellectual—and work conflicts were important factors associated with s-ED. Social support, resources, and time for work and reflection were important factors associated with non–s-ED. Findings from Study III showed that the employees with high self-reported stress experienced feelings of suffering through endless chaos when they worked in an organisation with high demands and low resources, control, and support. They also experienced feelings of insufficiency, and negative effects on health and family life. Findings from Study IV showed that managers in the municipal sector experienced feelings of striving for stability on shaky ground. They struggled inside slimmed-down organisations with a substitute shortage and reduced means, were burdened by conflicting demands, and experienced health and family life impairments. Managers expressed the importance of motivation, social support, and coping strategies.Conclusion: This thesis illuminates adverse psychosocial working conditions among municipal employees in two municipalities in the rural context of northern Sweden, where a stressful work environment, s-ED and health impairments are relatively common.It also provides important insights of municipal employee’s experiences of work-related stress, the importance of acknowledging suffering, and managers’ experiences of working in municipal organisations with shrinking resources, as in addition to a work–family imbalance. It seems important that organisations in the municipal sector have supportive and effective leadership, and allow employees control over their work. Furthermore, it seems important that various demands are balanced by sufficient resources; such as staff, social support, and economic resources in order to prevent work-related stress. Findings from this thesis can contribute to future interventions, aiming to prevent work-related stress and improve occupational well-being and work performance. They also have value for development work in municipal organisations.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Bejerot, Susanne, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Teaching psychiatry to large groups in society
- 2019
-
Ingår i: BMC Medical Education. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6920. ; 19:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: There is a need to educate a range of professionals in caring for individuals with long-term mental disability who reside within our communities. Empathy alone is insufficient. The Kognus 4-Step Education Program was developed to achieve this goal.METHOD: The program consisted of independent courses, including an 18-session basic course on psychiatric disability (on-site or online), advanced courses, and highly specialized training programs (Nidotherapy/Peer Consultation). Experts lectured together with clients with psychiatric disabilities. We first report Swedish reforms in which institutionalized patients were relocated to semi-independent individual households. We then describe the design and implementation of the education program. Approximately 50% of participants who were younger than 36 years old lacked any healthcare education. The participants' backgrounds, perceptions, participation in the education program, and costs are presented.RESULTS: Between 2009 and 2014, 8959 participants attended the Kognus psychiatry courses online or on-site in Stockholm (basic on-site course, n = 2111; online course, n = 4480; advanced courses, n = 2322; highly specialized programs, n = 46). A total of 73% of the participants satisfactorily attended the basic sessions on-site compared with 11% of the online participants. The developers conducted the education program for the first 3 years. Thereafter, another course provider continued the program with other types of participants. The program was perceived to be equally interesting and meaningful to participants with low and high levels of education, demonstrating the generalizability of the program. The quality of the basic and advanced courses was rated as 4.4 and 4.3, respectively, on a 5-point Likert scale.CONCLUSIONS: Personnel without appropriate education who work with people with psychiatric/intellectual disabilities can be educated in large numbers. The Kognus program represents a novel and successful way of training people who have no formal education about some essentials of good mental healthcare. Moreover, the model can be easily implemented elsewhere.
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| 39. |
- Berg, Marie, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Normal förlossning
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Omvårdnad på avancerad nivå. Kärnkompetenser inom sjuksköterskans specialistområden. A-K. Edberg, A. Ehrenberg, F. Friberg, L. Wallin, H. Wijk & J. Öhlén (red). Artikelsamling på bokens webbutgåva. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144071459 ; , s. 1-7
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Begreppet normal förlossning diskuteras inom obstetriken och gränserna för vad som betraktas som normalt skiljer sig i tid och kultur. Det som var normalt i Sverige för 100 år sedan är inte det samma i dag. Ur ett globalt perspektiv, och såsom det senast definierats av världshälsoorganisationen (WHO 1996) och av Socialstyrelsen i Sverige (Socialstyrelsen 2001), ska följande kriterier vara uppfyllda i en normal förlossning: förlossningen ska starta med spontana värkar eller vattenavgång hos en kvinna som väntar ett barn och är i graviditetsvecka 37+0 – 41+6 (fullgången graviditet). Barnet ska ligga i huvudbjudning och hela förlossningsförloppet ska förlöpa utan komplikation hos mor och/eller barn, och utan onödiga medicinska interventioner. Kvinnan ska som helhet uppleva förlossningen positivt. I denna artikel ges en summarisk beskrivning av det centrala i ett normalt förlossningsförlopp och vård vid sådant. Ansvaret för vård under normal graviditet och förlossning ligger hos barnmorskeprofessionen. Förloppet vid normal förlossning beskrivs genom fyra situationer med helt normala förlossningsförlopp som handläggs av barnmorskor. Fördjupad information om normal förlossning och dess handläggning ges i Kaplan m.fl. (2009), Berg (2010) och Lundgren (2010). Verktyg för att stödja beskrivs mer ingående i Hallgren och Lundgren (2010).
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| 40. |
- Berglund, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Patients' Experiences After Attempted Suicide : A Literature Review
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Issues in Mental Health Nursing. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0161-2840 .- 1096-4673. ; 37:10, s. 715-726
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study has been to synthesize research on suicidal patients' experiences of the suicide process. A literature search was performed in CINAHL, PubMed, and PsycINFO, and the analysis of the 15 articles covered was based on meta-synthesis. Patients experience a wide variety of feelings regarding their situation during the suicide process, and these exist on two levels: they relate to the different aspects of care that the patients receive and the patients' need to communicate with others and regain hope. The patients in this study described the struggle to maintain hope when life became too difficult and their suffering despite a sense of security, and they sought to achieve emotional balance. A good understanding of how suicidal individuals live with and manage suicidal ideation, while maintaining hope is important for planning effective nursing care. Further research from the patient perspective is needed to further develop psychiatric care for people at risk of suicide.
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| 41. |
- Bittlingmayer, Uwe H., et al.
(författare)
-
Health Promotion of Refugees – Empirical Evidence from Approaches in two European Countries
- 2019
-
Ingår i: 9th Nordic Health Promotion Research Conference. ; , s. 39-40
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The migration of many people to European countries in the last years created various challenges and evoked diverse responses. But rarely, lessons learned and good practice for health promotion interventions are exchanged between countries nor common solutions sought. In this workshop, we will shed light on the health situations of refugees in Sweden and Germany, and present four research projects regarding the health of refugees.Initially, we will outline the situation for refugees in the two countries generally, provide ample evidence on the health needs and particular burden of refugees, and discuss the increasing influence of racism. Finally, we will discuss the issue health promotion of refugees, needs, approaches, limitations.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Braganca, F. M. Serra, et al.
(författare)
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Improving gait classification in horses by using inertial measurement unit (IMU) generated data and machine learning
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For centuries humans have been fascinated by the natural beauty of horses in motion and their different gaits. Gait classification (GC) is commonly performed through visual assessment and reliable, automated methods for real-time objective GC in horses are warranted. In this study, we used a full body network of wireless, high sampling-rate sensors combined with machine learning to fully automatically classify gait. Using data from 120 horses of four different domestic breeds, equipped with seven motion sensors, we included 7576 strides from eight different gaits. GC was trained using several machine-learning approaches, both from feature-extracted data and from raw sensor data. Our best GC model achieved 97% accuracy. Our technique facilitated accurate, GC that enables in-depth biomechanical studies and allows for highly accurate phenotyping of gait for genetic research and breeding. Our approach lends itself for potential use in other quadrupedal species without the need for developing gait/animal specific algorithms.
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| 45. |
- Bybrant, M. C., et al.
(författare)
-
Celiac disease can be predicted by high levels of tissue transglutaminase antibodies in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Pediatric Diabetes. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1399-543X .- 1399-5448. ; 22:3, s. 417-424
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives Children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are not included in guidelines regarding diagnosis criteria for celiac disease (CD) without a diagnostic biopsy, due to lack of data. We explored whether tissue transglutaminase antibodies (anti-tTG) that were >= 10 times the upper limit of normal (10x ULN) predicted CD in T1D. Methods Data from the Swedish prospective Better Diabetes Diagnosis study was used, and 2035 children and adolescents with T1D diagnosed between 2005-2010 were included. Of these, 32 had been diagnosed with CD before T1D. The children without CD were repeatedly screened for CD using anti-tTG antibodies of immunoglobulin type A. In addition, their human leukocyte antigen (HLA) were genotyped. All children with positive anti-tTG were advised to undergo biopsy. Biopsies were performed on 119 children and graded using the Marsh-Oberhuber classification. Results All of the 60 children with anti-tTG >= 10x ULN had CD verified by biopsies. The degree of mucosal damage correlated with anti-tTG levels. Among 2003 screened children, 6.9% had positive anti-tTG and 5.6% were confirmed CD. The overall CD prevalence, when including the 32 children with CD before T1D, was 7.0% (145/2035). All but one of the children diagnosed with CD had HLA-DQ2 and/or DQ8. Conclusions As all screened children and adolescents with T1D with tissue transglutaminase antibodies above 10 times the positive value 10x ULN had CD, we propose that the guidelines for diagnosing CD in screened children, when biopsies can be omitted, should also apply to children and adolescents with T1D as a noninvasive method.
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| 46. |
- Bybrant, Mara Cerqueiro, et al.
(författare)
-
The prevalence of having coeliac disease in children with type 1 diabetes was not significantly higher during the Swedish coeliac epidemic
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 112:10, s. 2175-2181
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: From 1986 to 1996, there was a four-fold increase in coeliac disease among young Swedish children, known as the Swedish coeliac epidemic. Children with type 1 diabetes have an increased risk of developing coeliac disease. We studied whether the prevalence of coeliac disease differed in children with type 1 diabetes born during and after this epidemic.Methods: We compared national birth cohorts of 240 844 children born in 1992–1993 during the coeliac disease epidemic and 179 530 children born in 1997–1998 after the epidemic. Children diagnosed with both type 1 diabetes and coeliac disease were identified by merging information from five national registers.Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of coeliac disease among children with type 1 diabetes between the two cohorts: 176/1642 (10.7%, 95% confidence interval 9.2%–12.2%) in the cohort born during the coeliac disease epidemic versus 161/1380 (11.7%, 95% confidence interval 10.0%–13.5%) in the post-epidemic cohort.Conclusion: The prevalence of having both coeliac disease and type 1 diabetes was not significantly higher in children born during, than after, the Swedish coeliac epidemic. This may support a stronger genetic disposition in children who develop both conditions.
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| 47. |
- Carlsson, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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NetSync
- 2000
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper describes NetSync, a protocol for automation of software updates and log file retrieval on lightweight terminals. It is mainly developed for use in a scientific test environment, but there are other possible uses as well. NetSync is a very flexible protocol, and while designed to be able to be run on handheld units with low storage and computing capacity, it could also be used for high end systems with much storage and computing capacity.
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| 48. |
- Carlsson, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
-
NetSync client and server
- 2000
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This document describes the server and client for the NetSync protocol implemented as part of the networking project course at Lulea University of Technology. The server was implemented as a daemon for the FreeBSD operating system, and the client was implemented for PalmOS
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| 49. |
- Chan, Simon S. M., et al.
(författare)
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Carbohydrate Intake in the Etiology of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis
- 2014
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Ingår i: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1078-0998 .- 1536-4844. ; 20:11, s. 2013-2021
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Diet may have a role in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease. In previous studies, the associations between increased intakes of carbohydrates, sugar, starch, and inflammatory bowel disease are inconsistent. However, few prospective studies have investigated the associations between these macronutrients and incident Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods: A total of 401,326 men and women were recruited between 1991 and 1998. At recruitment, dietary intakes of carbohydrate, sugar, and starch were measured using validated food frequency questionnaires. The cohort was monitored identifying participants who developed incident CD or UC. Cases were matched with 4 controls, and odds ratios were calculated for quintiles of total carbohydrate, sugar, and starch intakes adjusted for total energy intake, body mass index, and smoking. Results: One hundred ten participants developed CD, and 244 participants developed UC during follow-up. The adjusted odds ratio for the highest versus the lowest quintiles of total carbohydrate intake for CD was 0.87, 95% CI = 0.24 to 3.12 and for UC 1.46, 95% CI = 0.62 to 3.46, with no significant trends across quintiles for either (CD, P-trend = 0.70; UC, P-trend = 0.41). Similarly, no associations were observed with intakes of total sugar (CD, P-trend = 0.50; UC, P-trend = 0.71) or starch (CD, P-trend = 0.69; UC, P-trend = 0.17). Conclusions: The lack of associations with these nutrients is in agreement with many case-control studies that have not identified associations with CD or UC. As there is biological plausibility for how specific carbohydrates could have an etiological role in inflammatory bowel disease, future epidemiological work should assess individual carbohydrates, although there does not seem to be a macronutrient effect.
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| 50. |
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