| 1. |
- Aad, G, et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Tabiri, S, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 3. |
- Bravo, L, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 4. |
- Schael, S, et al.
(författare)
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Precision electroweak measurements on the Z resonance
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 427:5-6, s. 257-454
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the final electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the Z resonance by the experiments operating at the electron-positron colliders SLC and LEP. The data consist of 17 million Z decays accumulated by the ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL experiments at LEP, and 600 thousand Z decays by the SLID experiment using a polarised beam at SLC. The measurements include cross-sections, forward-backward asymmetries and polarised asymmetries. The mass and width of the Z boson, m(Z) and Gamma(Z), and its couplings to fermions, for example the p parameter and the effective electroweak mixing angle for leptons, are precisely measured: m(Z) = 91.1875 +/- 0.0021 GeV, Gamma(Z) = 2.4952 +/- 0.0023 GeV, rho(l) = 1.0050 +/- 0.0010, sin(2)theta(eff)(lept) = 0.23153 +/- 0.00016. The number of light neutrino species is determined to be 2.9840 +/- 0.0082, in agreement with the three observed generations of fundamental fermions. The results are compared to the predictions of the Standard Model (SM). At the Z-pole, electroweak radiative corrections beyond the running of the QED and QCD coupling constants are observed with a significance of five standard deviations, and in agreement with the Standard Model. Of the many Z-pole measurements, the forward-backward asymmetry in b-quark production shows the largest difference with respect to its SM expectation, at the level of 2.8 standard deviations. Through radiative corrections evaluated in the framework of the Standard Model, the Z-pole data are also used to predict the mass of the top quark, m(t) = 173(+10)(+13) GeV, and the mass of the W boson, m(W) = 80.363 +/- 0.032 GeV. These indirect constraints are compared to the direct measurements, providing a stringent test of the SM. Using in addition the direct measurements of m(t) and m(W), the mass of the as yet unobserved SM Higgs boson is predicted with a relative uncertainty of about 50% and found to be less than 285 GeV at 95% confidence level. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Khatri, C, et al.
(författare)
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Outcomes after perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with proximal femoral fractures: an international cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 11:11, s. e050830-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies have demonstrated high rates of mortality in people with proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, but there is limited published data on the factors that influence mortality for clinicians to make informed treatment decisions. This study aims to report the 30-day mortality associated with perioperative infection of patients undergoing surgery for proximal femoral fractures and to examine the factors that influence mortality in a multivariate analysis.SettingProspective, international, multicentre, observational cohort study.ParticipantsPatients undergoing any operation for a proximal femoral fracture from 1 February to 30 April 2020 and with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection (either 7 days prior or 30-day postoperative).Primary outcome30-day mortality. Multivariate modelling was performed to identify factors associated with 30-day mortality.ResultsThis study reports included 1063 patients from 174 hospitals in 19 countries. Overall 30-day mortality was 29.4% (313/1063). In an adjusted model, 30-day mortality was associated with male gender (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.68 to 3.13, p<0.001), age >80 years (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.31, p=0.013), preoperative diagnosis of dementia (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.16, p=0.005), kidney disease (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.55, p=0.005) and congestive heart failure (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.48, p=0.025). Mortality at 30 days was lower in patients with a preoperative diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.6 (0.42 to 0.85), p=0.004). There was no difference in mortality in patients with an increase to delay in surgery (p=0.220) or type of anaesthetic given (p=0.787).ConclusionsPatients undergoing surgery for a proximal femoral fracture with a perioperative infection of SARS-CoV-2 have a high rate of mortality. This study would support the need for providing these patients with individualised medical and anaesthetic care, including medical optimisation before theatre. Careful preoperative counselling is needed for those with a proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, especially those in the highest risk groups.Trial registration numberNCT04323644
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| 6. |
- Abazov, V. M., et al.
(författare)
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The upgraded DO detector
- 2006
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 565:2, s. 463-537
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The DO experiment enjoyed a very successful data-collection run at the Fermilab Tevatron collider between 1992 and 1996. Since then, the detector has been upgraded to take advantage of improvements to the Tevatron and to enhance its physics capabilities. We describe the new elements of the detector, including the silicon microstrip tracker, central fiber tracker, solenoidal magnet, preshower detectors, forward muon detector, and forward proton detector. The uranium/liquid -argon calorimeters and central muon detector, remaining from Run 1, are discussed briefly. We also present the associated electronics, triggering, and data acquisition systems, along with the design and implementation of software specific to DO.
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| 7. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Abu-Khader, M. M., et al.
(författare)
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Radon in the groundwater in the Amman-Zarqa Basin and related environments in Jordan
- 2018
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Ingår i: Groundwater for Sustainable Development. - : Elsevier. - 2352-801X. ; 7, s. 73-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The occurrence of radon (222Rn) in environment (groundwater and indoor air) from geogenic sources is receiving an growing attention due to its adverse impact on human health worldwide including Jordan. Highlighting the current status of radon in Jordan, the present study of radon concentrations in ground waters in the Amman-Zarqa basin (AZB) was investigated. Groundwater samples were collected from fifteen wells located in three main areas of Ras Al-Ain, Al-Rsaifeh and Al-Hashemite. Radon concentration was measure using Liquid scintillation counting (LSC) Tri- Carb 3110 with discriminator and the highest values for radon concentration in water were observed in Al-Rsaifeh area and ranged from 4.52 up to 30.70 Bq/l with an average of 11.22 Bq/l, which were attributed to the decay of naturally distributed uranium in phosphate rock from Al-Rsaifeh mines. In Ras Al-Ain area, the radon concentration were noted ranged from 0.6 to 5.55 Bq/l with an average of 2.82 Bq/l, and also in Al-Hashemite area were ranged from 0.77 to 5.37 Bq/l with an average of 4.04 Bq/l. The overall average concentration of tested samples was 5.77 Bq/l and found within the acceptable international levels. Ground water samples of Ras Al-Ain area showed good quality as was tested of low salinity. It recorded the lowest average radon concentration of 2.82 Bq/l. Also, Radon indoor and building materials was reviewed. In conclusion, this study presented an urged need for developing national regulations and standards as well as awareness program concerning the radon status in Jordan.Elsevier B.V.
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| 9. |
- Ali, Sk M., et al.
(författare)
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Study of the 7Be(d,3He)6Li* reaction at 5 MeV/u
- 2024
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - 0370-2693. ; 853
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The measurement of the 7Be(d,3He)6Li* transfer cross section at 5 MeV/u is carried out. The population of the 2.186 MeV excited state of 6Li in this reaction channel is observed for the first time. The experimental angular distributions have been analyzed in the finite range DWBA and coupled-channel frameworks. The effect of the 7Be(d,3He)6Li reaction on both the 6Li and 7Li abundances are investigated at the relevant big-bang nucleosynthesis energies. The excitation function is calculated by TALYS and normalized to the experimental data. The S factor of the (d,3He) channel from the present work is about 50% lower than existing data at nearby energies. At big-bang energies, the S factor is about three orders of magnitude smaller than that of the (d,p) channel. The (d,3He) reaction rate is found to have a less than 0.1% effect on the 6,7Li abundances.
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| 10. |
- El-Zohry, Ahmed M., et al.
(författare)
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Ultrafast transient infrared spectroscopy for probing trapping states in hybrid perovskite films
- 2022
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Ingår i: Communications Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3669. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studying the charge dynamics of perovskite materials is a crucial step to understand the outstanding performance of these materials in various fields. Herein, we utilize transient absorption in the mid-infrared region, where solely electron signatures in the conduction bands are monitored without external contributions from other dynamical species. Within the measured range of 4000 nm to 6000 nm (2500–1666 cm−1), the recombination and the trapping processes of the excited carriers could be easily monitored. Moreover, we reveal that within this spectral region the trapping process could be distinguished from recombination process, in which the iodide-based films show more tendencies to trap the excited electrons in comparison to the bromide-based derivatives. The trapping process was assigned due to the emission released in the mid-infrared region, while the traditional band-gap recombination process did not show such process. Various parameters have been tested such as film composition, excitation dependence and the probing wavelength. This study opens new frontiers for the transient mid-infrared absorption to assign the trapping process in perovskite films both qualitatively and quantitatively, along with the potential applications of perovskite films in the mid-IR region.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Liskiewicz, D., et al.
(författare)
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Neuronal loss of TRPM8 leads to obesity and glucose intolerance in male mice
- 2023
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Ingår i: Molecular Metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8778. ; 72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Mice with global deletion of the transient receptor potential channel melastatin family member 8 (TRPM8) are obese, and treatment of diet-induced obese (DIO) mice with TRPM8 agonists decrease body weight. Whether TRPM8 signaling regulates energy metabolism via central or peripheral effects is unknow. Here we assessed the metabolic phenotype of mice with either Nestin Cre-mediated neuronal loss of TRPM8, or with deletion of TRPM8 in Advillin Cre positive sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system (PNS).Methods: Nestin Cre- and Advillin Cre-Trpm8 knock-out (KO) mice were metabolically phenotyped under chronic exposure to either chow or high-fat diet (HFD), followed by assessment of energy and glucose metabolism.Results: At room temperature, chow-fed neuronal Trpm8 KO are obese and show decreased energy expenditure when acutely treated with the TRPM8 selective agonist icilin. But body weight of neuronal Trpm8 KO mice is indistinguishable from wildtype controls at thermoneutrality, or when mice are chronically exposed to HFD-feeding. In contrast to previous studies, we show that the TRPM8 agonist icilin has no direct effect on brown adipocytes, but that icilin stimulates energy expenditure, at least in part, via neuronal TRPM8 signaling. We further show that lack of TRPM8 in sensory neurons of the PNS does not lead to a metabolically relevant phenotype.Conclusions: Our data indicate that obesity in TRPM8-deficient mice is centrally mediated and likely originates from alterations in energy expenditure and/or thermal conductance, but does not depend on TRPM8 signaling in brown adipocytes or sensory neurons of the PVN.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Islam, A. B. M. R., et al.
(författare)
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Arsenic mineral dissolution and possible mobilization in mineral-microbe-groundwater environment
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Hazardous Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3894 .- 1873-3336. ; 262, s. 989-996
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Arsenic (As) is widely distributed in the nature as ores or minerals. It has been attracted much attention for the global public health issue, especially for groundwater As contamination. The aim of this study was to elucidate the characteristics of microbes in groundwater where As-minerals were dissolved. An ex situ experiment was conducted with 7 standard As-minerals in bacteria-free groundwater and stored in experimental vessels for 1 year without supplementary nutrients. The pH (6.7-8.4) and EhS.H.E. (24-548mV) changed between initial (0 day) and final stages (365 days) of experiment. The dissolution of As was detected higher from arsenolite (4240±8.69mg/L) and native arsenic (4538±9.02mg/L), whereas moderately dissolved from orpiment (653±3.56mg/L) and realgar (319±2.56mg/L) in compare to arsenopyrite (85±1.25mg/L) and tennantite (3±0.06mg/L). Optical microscopic, scanning electron microscopic observations and flurometric enumeration revealed the abundance of As-resistant bacillus, coccus and filamentous types of microorganisms on the surface of most of As-mineral. 4'-6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)-stained epifluorescence micrograph confirmed the presence of DNA and carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA) staining method revealed the enzymatically active bacteria on the surface of As-minerals such as in realgar (As4S4). Therefore, the microbes enable to survive and mobilize the As in groundwater by dissolution/bioweathering of As-minerals.
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| 17. |
- Liu, Chia-Chuan, et al.
(författare)
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Geochemical characteristics of the mud volcano fluids in southwestern Taiwan and their possible linkage to elevated arsenic concentration in Chianan plain groundwater
- 2012
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Ingår i: ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1866-6280 .- 1866-6299. ; 66:5, s. 1513-1523
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fluid and mud samples were collected from Wushanting (WST), Hsiaokunshui (HKS), Yenshuikeng (YSK), Kuantzeling (KZL), and Kunshuiping (KSP) mud volcanoes of southwestern Taiwan. Concentrations of major ions and trace elements in mud volcanic fluids were analyzed to find the possible linkage to elevated arsenic (As) concentrations in the Chianan plain groundwater. The elevated Na+, K+, and Cl- concentrations indicated possible marine origin of the fluids. The trace element concentrations in the mud volcanic fluids were generally low, but the As concentrations were up to 0.12 mg/L. High contents of As, Fe, and Mn were observed in the mud samples. Saturation index calculations indicated that both carbonate and oxide minerals acted as potential sinks for As in the mud volcanic fluids. Arsenic in the dewatering fluids and muds may be transported by the subsurface flow and surface streams as suspended solids and eventually deposited in the Chianan plain aquifers. Under reducing conditions, As may be released from the host minerals (such as Fe- and Mn-oxides/hydroxides), thereby causing widespread groundwater As pollution.
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| 18. |
- Maity, D., et al.
(författare)
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Optimal LQG Control of Networked Systems under Traffic-Correlated Delay and Dropout
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Control Systems Letters. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2475-1456. ; 6, s. 1280-1285
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transmission delay and packet dropout are inevitable network-induced phenomena that severely compromise the control performance of network control systems. The real-time network traffic is a major dynamic parameter that directly influences delay and reliability of transmission channels, and thus, acts as an unavoidable source of induced coupling among all network sharing systems. In this letter, we analyze the effects of traffic-induced delay and dropout on the finite-horizon quality-of-control of an individual stochastic linear time-invariant system, where quality-of-control is measured by an expected quadratic cost function. We model delay and dropout of the channel as generic stochastic processes that are correlated with the real-time network traffic induced by the rest of network users. This approach provides a pathway to determine the required networking capabilities to achieve a guaranteed quality-of-control for systems operating over a shared-traffic network. Numerical evaluations are performed using realistic stochastic models for delay and dropout. As a special case, we consider exponential distribution for delay with its rate parameter being traffic-correlated, and traffic-correlated Markov-based packet drop model.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Maity, J. P., et al.
(författare)
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Removal of fluoride from water through bacterial-surfactin mediated novel hydroxyapatite nanoparticle and its efficiency assessment : Adsorption isotherm, adsorption kinetic and adsorption Thermodynamics
- 2018
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Ingår i: Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management. - : Elsevier. - 2215-1532. ; 9, s. 18-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fluoride contamination in water due to natural and anthropogenic activities has been documented as serious problems worldwide commanding a major threat to the environment. Present study focuses to synthesis bacterial-surfactin (Bacillus subtilis) mediated nano-hydroxyapatite (HAp), novel adsorbents for defluoridation. HAp particle size and morphology were controlled by varying temperature of 90–150 °C and pH of 7–11, respectively. The TEM and SEM micrographs reveal that the short-rod particle is observed 20–30 nm at 90 °C and pH 11. The ratio between the length (nm) and width (nm) of nanoparticle are decreased from 4.17 to 1.65 with increasing pH (7–11). The selected area diffraction (SAD) of particles are indicated uniform rod-like monocrystals. The XRD and FTIR observations were indicated the synthesized HAp nanoparticles were well-crystallized with purity phase and high quality. The study reflected that the fluoride removal from contaminated water by HAp was increased significantly (R2 = 99) with the increasing adsorbent concentration, temperature and time, with two-step adsorption process as the first portion a rapid adsorption occurs during first 90 min after which equilibrium is slowly achieved. The adsorption process is closer to Freundlich isotherm (R2 > 98) than to Langmuir isotherm (R2 ≈ 92), indicating HAp as a good adsorbent (n > 3). Above 97% of fluoride removal were noticed at a HAp dose of 0.06 g/10 mL. The adsorption kinetics more fit with pseudo-second-order (R2= 99) in compare to pseudo-first-order (R2 ≈ 91). The slope and intercept of Arrhenius equation indicated the activation/adsorption energy (Ea) of 3.199 kJ/mol and frequency factor (A) of 1.78 1/s. Adsorption thermodynamic parameters (free energy (ΔG < 0), enthalpy (ΔH > 0) and entropy (ΔS > 0)) indicates the spontaneous and endothermic reactions of the adsorption process. Thus, newly synthesized HAp nanoparticles exhibit as a good adsorbent for fluoride removal, theoretically and experimentally being applicable for environmental pollution control.
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| 21. |
- Quino Lima, Israel, Doctoral student, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrogeochemical contrasts in the shallow aquifer systems of the Lower Katari Basin and Southern Poopó Basin, Bolivian Altiplano
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of South American Earth Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0895-9811 .- 1873-0647. ; 105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drinking water sources in the southeastern part of Lake Titicaca (Lower Katari Basin: LKB) and the southern part of Lake Poopó (Southern Poopó Basin: SPB) have high concentrations of arsenic (As), >10 μg/L compared to the WHO and NB-512 guideline value. These regions belong to the Bolivian Altiplano and are characterized by a semiarid climate, slow hydrological flow, with geological formations of volcanic origin, in addition to brines and other mineral deposits. The present study is focused on comparing the geochemical processes of As in relation to the sources and mobilization in groundwater (GW) in LKB and SPB. Groundwater (GW), surface water (SW) and sediment samples were collected from both basins. The As (LKB: 0.8–288 μg/L and SPB: 2.6–207 μg/L), boron (B) (LKB: 96–2473 μg/L and SPB: 507–4359 μg/L), manganese (Mn) (LKB: 0.6–7259 μg/L) and salinity (LKB: 125–11740 μS/cm) were found to be higher than the WHO guideline values, which is a serious concern about the GW quality for human consumption. The dissolution and exchange of bases are the processes that govern the mineralization of GW. Load of solids and liquids of anthropogenic origin in surface water (LKB) represents an environmental problem for communities on river banks. The spatial distribution of As was attributed to the geology of both the basins and the heterogeneously distributed evaporites in the sediments. The highest As concentrations are found in alluvial sediments of the northern region of LKB and “PACK belt” (an approximately 25 km long belt stretching along the southern shores of the Lake Poopó, between the villages of Pampa Aullagas and Condo K) in SPB. Sequential extraction of sediment and mineral saturation indices indicate that iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) oxides as well as hydroxides are the most predominant mineral phases as potential sorbents of As.
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| 22. |
- Zheng, Xiaopeng, et al.
(författare)
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Managing grains and interfaces via ligand anchoring enables 22.3%-efficiency inverted perovskite solar cells
- 2020
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Ingår i: NATURE ENERGY. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2058-7546. ; 5, s. 131-140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inverted perovskite solar cells have attracted increasing attention because they have achieved long operating lifetimes. However, they have exhibited significantly inferior power conversion efficiencies compared to regular perovskite solar cells. Here we reduce this efficiency gap using a trace amount of surface-anchoring alkylamine ligands (AALs) with different chain lengths as grain and interface modifiers. We show that long-chain AALs added to the precursor solution suppress nonradiative carrier recombination and improve the optoelectronic properties of mixed-cation mixed-halide perovskite films. The resulting AAL surface-modified films exhibit a prominent (100) orientation and lower trap-state density as well as enhanced carrier mobilities and diffusion lengths. These translate into a certified stabilized power conversion efficiency of 22.3% (23.0% power conversion efficiency for lab-measured champion devices). The devices operate for over 1,000 h at the maximum power point under simulated AM1.5 illumination, without loss of efficiency. While perovskite solar cells with an inverted architecture hold great promise for operation stability, their power conversion efficiency lags behind that of conventional cells. Here, Zheng et al. achieve a certified 22.34% efficiency, exploiting alkylamine ligands as grain and interface modifiers.
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