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- Reimerdes, H., et al.
(author)
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Overview of the TCV tokamak experimental programme
- 2022
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In: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 62:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The tokamak a configuration variable (TCV) continues to leverage its unique shaping capabilities, flexible heating systems and modern control system to address critical issues in preparation for ITER and a fusion power plant. For the 2019-20 campaign its configurational flexibility has been enhanced with the installation of removable divertor gas baffles, its diagnostic capabilities with an extensive set of upgrades and its heating systems with new dual frequency gyrotrons. The gas baffles reduce coupling between the divertor and the main chamber and allow for detailed investigations on the role of fuelling in general and, together with upgraded boundary diagnostics, test divertor and edge models in particular. The increased heating capabilities broaden the operational regime to include T (e)/T (i) similar to 1 and have stimulated refocussing studies from L-mode to H-mode across a range of research topics. ITER baseline parameters were reached in type-I ELMy H-modes and alternative regimes with 'small' (or no) ELMs explored. Most prominently, negative triangularity was investigated in detail and confirmed as an attractive scenario with H-mode level core confinement but an L-mode edge. Emphasis was also placed on control, where an increased number of observers, actuators and control solutions became available and are now integrated into a generic control framework as will be needed in future devices. The quantity and quality of results of the 2019-20 TCV campaign are a testament to its successful integration within the European research effort alongside a vibrant domestic programme and international collaborations.
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- Alisic, S., et al.
(author)
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Final report on EURAMET comparison on 1 kg stainless steel mass standards
- 2020
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In: Metrologia. - : Institute of Physics Publishing. - 0026-1394 .- 1681-7575. ; 57:1 A
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In order to demonstrate the equivalence in calibration of mass standards among National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) of EURAMET this key comparison (KC) on 1 kg stainless steel mass standards has been carried out under the auspices of EURAMET. The comparison was undertaken with reference to the International Prototype Kilogram (IPK) as the definition of the unit of mass. The overall result shows good consistency among the participants. Main text To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
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- Fernandez-Martin, JL, et al.
(author)
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COSMOS: the dialysis scenario of CKD-MBD in Europe
- 2013
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In: Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2385. ; 28:7, s. 1922-1935
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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- Gudmundson, Peter, et al.
(author)
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Die Werkstoffdämpfung von Stählen bei hohen Dehnungsamplituden
- 1986
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In: Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik. - : Wiley. - 0933-5137 .- 1521-4052. ; 17:8, s. 286-292
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Am Beispiel von zwei martensitischen Chromstählen (X 22 CrMoV 12 1, X 20 Cr 13) und eines kaltverformten Austeniten (X 12 CrNiWTi 16 13) wird die amplitudenabhängige Werkstoffdämpfung bei Raumtemperatur untersucht. Die martensitischen Werkstoffe weisen infolge der magneto-elastischen Effekte eine hohe amplitudenabhängige Dämpfung auf. Es kann gezeigt werden, daß eine Erhöhung der Festigkeit durch Absenken der Anlaßtemperatur zu einer Abnahme der Werkstoffdämpfung führt. Der untersuchte austenitische Werkstoff besitzt nach Kaltverformung eine beträchtliche Dämpfung, die jedoch beim Tempern bereits bei Temperaturen oberhalb von 100 °C auf die bei Austeniten üblichen tiefen Werte absinkt. Dieser Effekt wird der Verankerung der Versetzungen beim Tempern zugeschrieben. Damping of Steels at High Strain Amplitudes The amplitude dependent damping has been investigated in two martensitic chromium steels (X 22 CrMoV 12 1, X 20 Cr 13) and a cold worked austenitic steel (X 12 CrNiWTi 16 13) at room temperature. Due to the magneto-elastic effects, the martensitic steels show a strong amplitude dependent damping. It cound be shown that the damping is reduced remarkably by a reduction of the annealing temperature. The austenitic material shows a very high damping in the cold worked condition. Tempering at relatively low temperatures (above 100 °C) reduces damping to the low values usually expected for austenitic materials. This effect was attributed to the pinning of dislocations during tempering.
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